Annals of Surgery

Article	Citations
Ductal Cancerization at the Pancreatic Neck Margin	314
Recurrence Following Operative vs. Non-Operative Management of Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction in Children	143
Nationwide Analysis of the Distribution of Level 1 and Level 2 Trauma Centers Per Population Growth and Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries/Fatalities Utilizing Geographic Information Systems Mapping Tec	139
Predictive Value of KLASS-02-QC Assessment Score on KLASS-02 Surgical Outcomes	135
Variation in Anesthesiology Provider–Volume for Complex Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery	134
Real-world Decision-making Process for Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Versus Minimally Invasive Surgery in Early-stage Lung Cancer Patients	126
“I Came up Short on the Academic Ladder”	123
Navigating the Surgeon-Scientist Path in Health Services Research	119
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping in Breast Cancer Patients Through Fluorescent Imaging Using Indocyanine Green	105
Prevention of Liver-related Surgical Site Infections in Combined Liver and Colorectal Surgery	98
Equity in Pay	92
Timing of a Major Operative Intervention After a Positive COVID-19 Test Affects Postoperative Mortality	91
Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Therapy and the Prognostic Significance of Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Level in Patients with Localized Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma with Non-elevated Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9	88
When Getting Bigger is Too Big	82
Updated Alternative Fistula Risk Score (ua-FRS) to Include Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomy: Pan-European Validation	81
Outcomes for Gastrointestinal Oncologic Surgery Episodes in the Bundled Payments for Care Improvement Advanced Program	77
Lessons From Social Psychology to Improve the Implementation and Use of the Surgical Safety Checklist in the Operating Room	76
Health System Structure	76
Ex Vivo Liver Resection and Autotransplantation	71
Anatomic Location Predicts Response Rates: Real World Outcomes With Over 1100 Cycles of Talimogene Laherparepvec Description	71
Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness Among US Trauma Centers	67
Operative Team Familiarity and Specialization at an Academic Medical Center	66
Impact of Community Socioeconomic Distress on Survival Following Heart Transplantation	64
Prescription Default Nudges for Opioid Reduction after Major Surgery (NORMS)	63
Patient and Caregiver Experiences with Surgical Decision-Making in the Context of Dementia	63

Effect of Thoracic Surgery Regionalization on 1- and 3-Year Survival after Cancer Esophagectomy	63
A Guide for Implementing Surgeon Resilience Initiatives: An Example of Surgical Peer Support	62
Association Between Surgeon and Anesthesiologist Sex Discordance and Postoperative Outcomes	61
Elucidating the Optimal Use of Mitigation Strategies for Improving Pancreatic Fistula Rates after Pancreatoduodenectomy	61
Goal-directed Perioperative Albumin Substitution Versus Standard of Care to Reduce Postoperative Complications	60
Postoperative Overtriage to an Intensive Care Unit Is Associated With Low Value of Care	58
Improvement of the Natural Progression of Extremity Lymphedema Treated With Lymphatic Microsurgery	58
Comparison of Short-term and Three-year Oncological Outcomes Between Robotic and Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer	57
Efficacy of Strategies Intended to Prevent Surgical Site Infection After Lower Limb Revascularization Surgery	57
Influence of Socioeconomic Deprivation on Surgical Outcomes for Patients With Sigmoid Diverticulitis in France	57
The Impact of Low Workplace Support During Pregnancy on Surgeon Distress and Career Dissatisfaction	57
Association of Health Professional Shortage Area Hospital Designation With Surgical Outcomes and Expenditures Among Medicare Beneficiaries	56
Functional Outcomes After Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision (taTME) for Rectal Cancer	55
GERD Treatment Bias and the Underutilized Fundoplication	55
Competency, Proficiency, and Mastery	54
Telesurgery	54
Association of Socioeconomic Status, Sex, Racial, and Ethnic Identity With Sustained and Cultivated Careers in Surgery	52
Tumor Mutational Burden From Circulating Tumor DNA Predicts Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Resection	52
Revolutionizing Liver Transplantation	52
Errors in Surgery	52
Full Robotic Whole Graft Liver Transplantation	50
Validation of the PANAMA Score for Survival and Benefit of Adjuvant Therapy in Patients With Resected Pancreatic Cancer after Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX	49
The #HOPE4LIVER Single-arm Pivotal Trial for Histotripsy of Primary and Metastatic Liver Tumors	48
Mucosal Impedance in the Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease	48
Postoperative Complications and Mobilization Following Major Abdominal Surgery With Versus Without Fitness Tracker-based Feedback (EXPELLIARMUS)	48
The AUGIS Survival Predictor: Prediction of Long-Term and Conditional Survival After Esophagectomy Using Random Survival Forests	47
Microbiome Dysbiosis With Enterococcus Presence in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Is a Risk Factor for Mortality in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer	47
Recurrent Disease After Esophageal Cancer Surgery	47
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Among Medicare Beneficiaries in Health Professional Shortage Areas	47
Precision Medicine as a Blueprint for Surgical Education	46
Results of a Decade of Work by Surgeons and Researchers Nationwide to Reduce the Impact of Surgery on the Opioid Epidemic	46
“What’s a Win”	45
Principles of Pediatric Palliative Surgical Oncology	43
Robotic Liver Transplantation	43
Out-of-Pocket Costs Among Commercially Insured Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity	43
The Conditional Effects of Multimorbidity on Operative Versus Nonoperative Management of Emergency General Surgery Conditions	42
Use of Telemedicine for Postdischarge Assessment of the Surgical Wound	42
Can Women Surgeons Have It All? If Not Now, When?	42
Patient-Reported Symptom Burden Associated with Treatment Modality for Malignant Bowel Obstruction	42
Impact of Hospital Affiliation With a Flagship Hospital System on Surgical Outcomes	42
Reduced Morbidity and Mortality Associated With Minimally Invasive Single-vessel Coronary Artery Bypass Compared With Conventional Sternotomy	42
Intraportal Islet Autotransplantation Independently Improves Quality of Life After Total Pancreatectomy in Patients With Chronic Refractory Pancreatitis	41
Predictors of Neurodevelopmental Impairment After Intestinal Resection for Necrotizing Enterocolitis	41
Surgical Education	41
Is Standardized Right Hemicolectomy with D2 Lymphadenectomy Enough to Limit Local Recurrence in Adenocarcinoma of the Right Colon?	41
Rate of Emergency Lower Extremity Amputations in the United States Among Medicare Beneficiaries	40
The First Case of Intraportal Islet Implantation During Liver Machine Perfusion Allowing Simultaneous Islet-liver Transplantation in a Human - A New and Safe Treatment for End-stage Liver Disease Comb	40
Factors Associated With Days Away From Home in the Year After Major Surgery Among Community-living Older Persons	40
Opioid Use After Gastric Bypass, Sleeve Gastrectomy or Intensive Lifestyle Intervention	40
Optimal Treatment Strategies for cT2 Staged Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and the Gastroesophageal Junction	40

Corporatization in Medicine? No End in Sight	39
Balancing Oversight and Innovation	39
Discordance in Total Mesorectal Excision Specimen Grading in a Prospective Phase 2 Multicenter Rectal Cancer Trial	39
Randomized Prospective Trial of Epidural Analgesia after Open Hepatectomy	39
U.S. Surgical Practice	38
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Directed Surgical Decision Making for Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Rectal Cancer After Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT)	38
Robotic-assisted Proctosigmoidectomy Versus Laparoscopic-assisted Soave Pull-through for Hirschsprung Disease	38
The Upper Extremity Lymphatic System Is Not Symmetrical in Individuals	37
Reoperation for Recurrence is Affected by Type of Mesh in Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair	37
Evaluating the Impact of Robotic Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis	37
Preoperative Radiotherapy and Postoperative Complications Among Patients with Primary Retroperitoneal Sarcoma	37
Nationwide Outcome after Pancreatoduodenectomy in Patients at Very High Risk (ISGPS-D) for Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula	37
What’s Behind it All	36
At the Intersection of Intersectionality	36
Prospective Multicenter Comprehensive Survey on Male Sexual Dysfunction following Laparoscopic, Robotic, and Transanal Approaches for Rectal Cancer (the LANDMARC Study)	36
Financial Toxicity in Surgery	36
Interdisciplinary Operating Room Ergonomics Needs and Priorities	36
Anatomic Lung Resection Outcomes After Implementation of a Universal Thoracic ERAS Protocol Across a Diverse Health Care System	36
Combined Liver Transplant and Cardiac Surgery	36
Defining Benchmarks for Pelvic Exenteration Surgery	35
Defer, Share, or Drive the Decision: Empowering Patients with Varied Preferences to Engage in Decision-making (an Analysis from Alliance A231701CD)	35
Novel Benchmark Values for Redo Liver Transplantation	35
Short-term Outcomes After Laparoscopic IPOM Versus Robot-assisted Retromuscular Repair of Small to Medium Ventral Hernias	35
Re-Aiming Equity Evaluation in Clinical Decision Support	35
Redefining the Diagnostic Threshold for Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema	34
Objective Assessment of Cognitive Workload in Surgery	34
Defining Benchmark Outcomes for Distal Pancreatectomy	34
Centralization of Pancreaticoduodenectomy	34
Invited Commentary on Robotic First Rib Resection: Thoracic Outlet Decompression: Lessons Learned	33
Costs of Care for Operative and Nonoperative Management of Emergency General Surgery Conditions	33
An Ethical Framework for Cost-conscious Surgical Practice	33
Biliary Adverse Events During Neoadjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer	33
A Contemporary Evaluation of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services High-risk Indicators for Carotid Endarterectomy	33
The Impact of Molecular Subtyping on Pathological Staging of Pancreatic Cancer	33
Effects of a Pragmatic Home-based Exercise Program Concurrent With Neoadjuvant Therapy on Physical Function of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: The PancFit Randomized Clinical Trial	32
Local/Regional Recurrence Rates After Breast-Conserving Therapy in Patients Enrolled in Legacy Trials of the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology (AFT-01)	32
The Joy of Discovery	32
Perception of Treatment Success and Impact on Function with Antibiotics or Appendectomy for Appendicitis	32
Revisiting Organ Donor Choice in the Circulatory Death Era	32
Reevaluating Gendered Language in Surgery	32
An Alternative to “Checkmark Credentialing” for Effective Physician Benchmarking and Professional Improvement	32
A 10-Year Real-world Assessment of Longitudinal Outcomes Following Bailout Procedures for Severe Cholecystitis	32
“Textbook Outcome” in Endovascular Aortic Repair is Associated With Improved One-year Survival	31
Financial Toxicity in Patients With Resected Lung Cancer	31
Financial Toxicity in Complex Gastrointestinal Surgery and Correlation With Patient-reported Outcomes	31
Pancreatic Cancer Patient-derived Organoids Can Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy	31
How Volume of Neurosurgical Interventions Impacts Patient Outcomes	30
Commentary: Two Recent Mesothelioma Publications in the Annals of Surgery	30
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Lytic and Non-lytic Early Thrombus Removal Technologies for Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis	30
A Surgical Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) Reveals Complex Relationships Between Race/Ethnicity, Insurance Type, and Neighborhood Deprivation	30
Body Mass Index Is Associated With Pediatric Complicated Appendicitis and Postoperative Complications	30
The BARIREF Study	29
Incidence of Unconfirmed Code Status Documentation in Surgical Patients with Preoperative Medical Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment (MOLST)	29
Hepatectomies under Hypothermic Perfusion of the Liver	29
Neoadjuvant Sequencing for Early-stage Pancreas Cancer	29
Early Interventional Treatment of High Output Chyle Leak After Esophagectomy is Associated With Improved Survival	29
Road Towards Ambulatory Colectomy	29
Timing of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Prior to Abdominal Surgery Has No Impact on Infectious Complications	29
Age-specific Increase in Vasopressin-induced Coronary Microvascular Contractile Response in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery	29
Refining Bariatric Surgery	29
Explainable Machine Learning to Bring Database to the Bedside	28
Sex-related Outcomes After Thoracic Endovascular Repair for Intact Isolated Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm	28
Surgeon Coaching: An Important Tool in the Armamentarium Against Burnout?	28
Assessment of Residual or Resected Disappearing Liver Metastases After Chemotherapy	28
Single-nuclei RNA Profiling Reveals Disruption of Adipokine and Inflammatory Signaling in Adipose Tissue of Burn Patients	28
Postoperative Exercise Training in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases A Randomized Controlled Trial	28
European Multicentric Experience With Fenestrated-branched ENDOvascular Stent Grafting After Previous FAILed Infrarenal Aortic Repair	28
Optimizing the Management Strategies of Delayed Postpancreaticoduodenectomy Hemorrhage	27
Safety, Efficacy, and Cost-effectiveness of Outpatient Surgery for Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis	27
Stoma-free Survival After Rectal Cancer Resection With Anastomotic Leakage	27
From Moral Injury Vulnerability to Protective Equity	27
Tangential Versus Segmental Portomesenteric Venous Resection During Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer	27
Effects of Peripheral Nerve Block on Perioperative Recovery Following Major Thoracic and Abdominal Surgery	27
Single-cell Transcriptomics Reveals Dynamic Role of Smooth Muscle Cells and Enrichment of Immune Cell Subsets in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms	27
Association of Medicaid Expansion with Reduction in Racial Disparities in the Timely Delivery of Upfront Surgical Care for Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer	27
Surgeon-reported Factors Influencing Adoption of Quality Standards for Goal-concordant Care in Patients With Advanced Cancer	27
The Histone Methyltransferase SETDB2 Modulates Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase–Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity During Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Development	27
Risk Factor–Targeted Perioperative Care Reduces Anastomotic Leakage After Colorectal Surgery	27
Prophylactic Mesh Placement During Formation of an End-colostomy	26
An Opportunity to Advance Workforce Equity: Surgical Referrals	26

Noninvasive Artificial Intelligence System for Early Predicting Residual Cancer Burden During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer	26
Management of Bile Leak Post Minimally Invasive Subtotal Cholecystectomy	26
Perineural Invasion is an Important Prognostic Factor in Patients With Radically Resected (R0) and Node-negative (pN0) Pancreatic Cancer	26
Real-world Application of Endoscopic Resection for Early-stage Esophageal Cancer	26
Resection Postradioembolization in Patients With Single Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma	26
Adding Patient-reported Outcomes to the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program	26
Long-Term Survival on Extent of Lymphadenectomy for Right-Sided Colon Cancer	26
The Diabetes Remission Index (DRI)	26
First National Effort to Optimize the Performance of Cancer Surgery by the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and Cancer Surgery Standards Program	26
A Call to Action	25
Female Patients Have a Reduced Risk of Reoperation for Recurrence After Laparoscopic Groin Hernia Repair	25
“I Just Wish Someone would Take me Very Seriously”	25
Missed Diagnosis of Pediatric Appendicitis	25
Impact of Neighborhood Disadvantage on Tumor Biology and Breast Cancer Survival	25
Outcomes of Visceral Arterial Interposition Graft Reconstruction for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer	25
Routine Imaging After Resection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma	25
Association Between Biliary Pathogens, Surgical Site Infection, and Pancreatic Fistula	25
Defining the Role of Social Vulnerability in the Treatment and Survival of Localized Colon Cancer	25
Instrumental in Surgery	24
Evolution of Pancreas Transplantation At A Single Institution—50+ Years and 2500 Transplants	24
Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Tumor Thrombus in the Inferior Vena Cava or Right Atrium	24
Association Between Storage Time of Transfused Red Blood Cells and Infection After Clean-contaminated Surgery	24
Robotics and the Future of Minimally Invasive Vascular Surgery	24
Metabolic Surgery	24
Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study of Oesophageal Injuries and Related Clinical Outcomes (MUSOIC study)	24
Decreasing Trends in Intestinal Resection and Re-resection in Crohn's Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study: Erratum	24
Reduction of Central Venous Pressure in Elective Robotic and Laparoscopic Liver Resection	24
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Additional Benefit of Pharmacological Thromboprophylaxis for Endovenous Varicose Vein Interventions	24
Postoperative and Pathological Outcomes of CROSS and FLOT as Neoadjuvant Therapy for Esophageal and Junctional Adenocarcinoma	24
Long-term Outcomes Following Resection of Adenocarcinoma Arising from Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (A-IPMN) Versus Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC)	24
Portomesenteric Venous Thrombosis after Pancreatic Cancer Surgery with Venous Resection and Reconstruction	24
Conflation of Covariate Adjustments with Causal Effects – The Table 2 Fallacy in Surgical Literature	24
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Implementation of BREASTChoice, a Multilevel Breast Reconstruction Decision Support Tool With Personalized Risk Prediction	24
Robotic Lobectomy Is Cost-effective and Provides Comparable Health Utility Scores to Video-assisted Lobectomy	23
Delayed Versus Early Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Adult Patients With Acute Appendicitis	23
Prescriptions for Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Agonists (GLP-1RAs) Before Bariatric Surgery in the US	23
Poor Prognostic Factors in Long-Term Survivors of Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma	23
Pancreatic Fistula and Intraabdominal Fluid Collections after Distal Pancreatectomy	23
Association of Neighborhood Deprivation, Race, and Postoperative Outcomes	23
Non-English Primary Language	23
Bridging the Gap	23
Consequences of a Surveillance Strategy for Side-branch Intraductal Pancreatic Mucinous Neoplasms	23
Safe Implementation of a Next-Generation Surgical Robot	23
REDISCOVER International Guidelines on the Perioperative Care of Surgical Patients With Borderline-resectable and Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer	23
Resolution of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism After Kidney Transplantation and the Effect on Graft Survival	23
Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis in T1b Gastric Cancer	23
Trends in Surgical Technique and Outcomes of Ventral Hernia Repair in The United States	23
Pulmonary Open, Robotic, and Thoracoscopic Lobectomy (PORTaL) Study	23
Long-term Outcomes Following Colectomy and Liver Transplantation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis	23
Recommendations From the International Consensus Conference on Anemia Management in Surgical Patients (ICCAMS)	23
Persistent Circulating Tumor Cells at 1 Year After Oncologic Resection Predict Late Recurrence in Pancreatic Cancer	23
Improving Shared Decision-making in Situations of Uncertainty	22
Trauma Activation Fees Among For-profit and Nonprofit Trauma Centers	22
Transplant-Eligible Colorectal Liver Metastasis Patients Treated with Hepatic Artery Infusion Pump – A Retrospective Cohort Study	22
Major Pancreatic Resection Increases Bone Mineral Density Loss, Osteoporosis, and Fractures	22
Presbyopia in Surgeons	22
Toward Competency-based Medical Education	22
Severity Grading Systems for Intraoperative Adverse Events. A Systematic Review of the Literature and Citation Analysis	22
Beyond the Golden Ticket	22
Cholecystectomy Increases the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Korean Population	22
Discrimination Toward Women Surgeons in the Workplace Through an Intersectional Lens	22
Risk-Benefit Balance of Simultaneous Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy and Concomitant Cholecystectomy	22
Surgeon Fear in the Operating Room and Its Link to Identity; A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study	22
Inpatient Satisfaction With Surgical Resident Care After Elective General and Oncologic Surgery	22
Living Donor Liver Transplantation With Augmented Venous Outflow and Splenectomy: A Promised Land for Small Left Lobe Grafts: Erratum	22
Disparities in the Operative Experience: Implicit Bias Infused into Action?	22
Appendectomy and Long-term Colorectal Cancer Incidence, Overall and by Tumor Fusobacterium nucleatum Status	21
Making Meaningful Impacts: Centering Breakdowns in Dyadic Communication Processes in Racial Disparities in Surgical Pain Care	21
The Impact of Trauma Center Care on One-Year Outcomes Among Injured Older Adults	21
Inter-Rater Agreement of the Classification of Intraoperative Adverse Events (ClassIntra) in Abdominal Surgery	21
The Student’s Overture	21
Surrogacy of Recurrence-free Survival for Overall Survival as an Endpoint of Clinical Trials of Perioperative Adjuvant Therapy in Hepatobiliary-pancreatic Cancers	21
The Role of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Low Anterior Resection Syndrome	21
Retrospective Analysis of Retroperitoneal-Abdominal-Pelvic Ganglioneuromas	21
Feasibility and Safety of a “Shared Care” Model in Complex Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery	21
Dynamic Pathology of Enteric Neural Network Using Curcumin-assisted Multiphoton Laser Imaging in Hirschsprung Disease	21
Association Between Neighborhood Air Pollution and Outcomes After Common Surgical Procedures	21
Postpancreatectomy Hemorrhage: Risk Factors and Outcomes	20
View From the Chair	20
Association Between Distress at Diagnosis and Disease-free Survival Among Patients With Resectable Colon Cancer: A Large Cohort Study	20
Minimum and Optimal CA19-9 Response After Two Months Induction Chemotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer	20
Five-year Survival after McKeown Compared to Ivor-Lewis Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer	20
Prevalence and Incidence of Oral Benzodiazepine Use in Hospitalized Surgical Patients	20
Coaching Program to Address Burnout, Well-being, and Professional Development in Pediatric Surgery Trainees	20
Novel Gene-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Reverses Impaired Wound Healing in Ischemic Limbs	20
Examination of Race and Ethnicity After Revascularization in the BEST-CLI Trial	20
Age Matters	20
Proteomic Profiling of Hypoplastic Lungs Suggests an Underlying Inflammatory Response in the Pathogenesis of Abnormal Lung Development in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia	20
Transforming the Future of Surgeon-Scientists	20
Prospective Sensory Outcomes for Targeted Nipple-areola Complex Reinnervation in Gender-affirming Double Incision Mastectomy With Free Nipple Grafting	19
Who Do We Fail to Rescue After Pancreatoduodenectomy? Outcomes Among >4000 Procedures Expose Windows of Opportunity	19
Salvage of Declined Extended-criteria DCD Livers Using In Situ Normothermic Regional Perfusion	19
Predicting Long-term Disease-free Survival After Resection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma	19
Risk of Recurrent Hypoglycemia and Long-term Survival after total Pancreatectomy	19
Transplantation for Nonresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: Long-Term Follow-Up of the First Prospective Pilot Study	19