Archives of Disease in Childhood

Article	Citations
Why is COVID-19 less severe in children? A review of the proposed mechanisms underlying the age-related difference in severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections	320
Children are not COVID-19 super spreaders: time to go back to school	144
Where have all the children gone? Decreases in paediatric emergency department attendances at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020	144
Longitudinal increases in childhood depression symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown	144
Global incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis	144
COVID-19 in children: analysis of the first pandemic peak in England	143
Clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of paediatric COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis	135
Outbreak of anorexia nervosa admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic	133
Rise in the incidence of abusive head trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic	124
Delayed access to care and late presentations in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a snapshot survey of 4075 paediatricians in the UK and Ireland	121
Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) in children: a modified Delphi process	114
Reopening schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: governments must balance the uncertainty and risks of reopening schools against the clear harms associated with prolonged closure	109
Systematic review of reviews of symptoms and signs of COVID-19 in children and adolescents	106
Disappearing act: COVID-19 and paediatric emergency department attendances	92
COVID-19 related increase in childhood tics and tic-like attacks	88
New-onset type 1 diabetes in Finnish children during the COVID-19 pandemic	86
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children: a prospective multicentre cohort study	84
Role of children in household transmission of COVID-19	83
Should children be vaccinated against COVID-19?	79
COVID-19 lockdown dropped the rate of paediatric asthma admissions	74
Changing admission patterns in paediatric emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic	65
Indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric healthcare use and severe disease: a retrospective national cohort study	62
Vaccine hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries: potential implications for the COVID-19 response	57
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and childhood obesity	54
Young people’s advisory groups in health research: scoping review and mapping of practices	52

Lockdown: more domestic accidents than COVID-19 in children	51
Examining the interseasonal resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus in Western Australia	49
Association between suicide behaviours in children and adolescents and the COVID-19 lockdown in Paris, France: a retrospective observational study	48
Reduced PICU respiratory admissions during COVID-19	45
COVID-19 in children treated with immunosuppressive medication for kidney diseases	39
Paediatric tic-like presentations during the COVID-19 pandemic	37
Should children be vaccinated against COVID-19 now?	37
Examining the entire delayed respiratory syncytial virus season in Western Australia	37
School-aged neurodevelopmental outcomes for children born extremely preterm	36
Young people’s views on their role in the COVID-19 pandemic and society’s recovery from it	35
Promoting and supporting children’s health and healthcare during COVID-19 – International Paediatric Association Position Statement	35
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine childhood immunisation in Colombia	34
SARS-CoV-2 infection in ambulatory and hospitalised Spanish children	33
‘Do I, don’t I?’ A qualitative study addressing parental perceptions about seeking healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic	32
Intimate partner violence and child outcomes at age 10: a pregnancy cohort	29
Noonan syndrome: improving recognition and diagnosis	29
Differentiating multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a single-centre retrospective cohort study	29
Priorities for the child public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic recovery in England	29
COVID-19 pandemic: health inequities in children and youth	27
Achondroplasia Foramen Magnum Score: screening infants for stenosis	26
Who has been missed? Dramatic decrease in numbers of children seen for child protection assessments during the pandemic	26
Racial discrimination and socioemotional and sleep problems in a cross-sectional survey of Australian school students	25
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the paediatric emergency department attendances in Argentina	24
Sharing a household with children and risk of COVID-19: a study of over 300 000 adults living in healthcare worker households in Scotland	24
Impact of COVID-19 on diagnosis and management of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease during lockdown: a UK nationwide study	24
Use of rituximab in paediatric nephrology	24
Breaking bad news: what parents would like you to know	24
Paediatric snakebite envenoming: recognition and management of cases	23
Ultrasound for the diagnosis of malrotation and volvulus in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis	23
Cyberbullying and post-traumatic stress symptoms in UK adolescents	22
Prevalence of thrombotic complications in children with SARS-CoV-2	22
Social communication skill attainment in babies born during the COVID-19 pandemic: a birth cohort study	22
Stop, think SCORTCH: rethinking the traditional ‘TORCH’ screen in an era of re-emerging syphilis	22
Benefits of dietary fibre for children in health and disease	22
Paediatric critical care referrals of children with diabetic ketoacidosis during the COVID-19 pandemic	21
Challenges in clinical trials for children and young people	21
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: an overview of current evidence and activities in the UK	20
Oxygen uptake efficiency slope: a reliable surrogate parameter for exercise capacity in healthy and cardiac children?	19
Extreme prematurity, growth and neurodevelopment at 8 years: a cohort study	19
RSV bronchiolitis season 2021 has arrived, so be prepared!	19
Thiamine-responsive acute severe pulmonary hypertension in exclusively breastfeeding infants: a prospective observational study	19
Caring for critically ill adults in paediatric intensive care units in England during the COVID-19 pandemic: planning, implementation and lessons for the future	19
Children and young people’s concerns and needs relating to their use of health technology to self-manage long-term conditions: a scoping review	19
Place of death of children and young adults with a life-limiting condition in England: a retrospective cohort study	19
Prioritising paediatric surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic	18
Waning infant pertussis during COVID-19 pandemic	18
Changes in the UK baby food market surveyed in 2013 and 2019: the rise of baby snacks and sweet/savoury foods	18
Legacy of COVID-19 infection in children: long-COVID will have a lifelong health/economic impact	18
Pharmacokinetics and safety/tolerability of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide in children and adolescents treated for tuberculous meningitis	18
Development of an international standard set of patient-centred outcome measures for overall paediatric health: a consensus process	18

Child mortality in England during the COVID-19 pandemic	17
Singapore Undiagnosed Disease Program: Genomic Analysis aids Diagnosis and Clinical Management	17
Bronchiolitis and SARS-CoV-2	16
Neurodevelopment in normocephalic children with and without prenatal Zika virus exposure	16
Cardiac-associated biliary atresia (CABA): a prognostic subgroup	16
Accuracy of PECARN rule for predicting serious bacterial infection in infants with fever without a source	15
Height of fever and invasive bacterial infection	15
Unravelling the role of the mandatory use of face covering masks for the control of SARS-CoV-2 in schools: a quasi-experimental study nested in a population-based cohort in Catalonia (Spain)	15
Risk factors for asthma attacks and poor control in children: a prospective observational study in UK primary care	15
Health of mothers of children with a life-limiting condition: a comparative cohort study	14
COVID-19 in children with haematological malignancies	14
Social distancing measures for COVID-19 are changing winter season	14
Experiences of healthcare, including palliative care, of children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions and their families: a longitudinal qualitative investigation	14
Primary adjunctive corticosteroid therapy is associated with improved outcomes for patients with Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms at diagnosis	14
Predictive value of indicators for identifying child maltreatment and intimate partner violence in coded electronic health records: a systematic review and meta-analysis	14
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric services at a referral centre in Pakistan: lessons from a low-income and middle-income country setting	14
Post-COVID-19 paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome: association of ethnicity, key worker and socioeconomic status with risk and severity	14
Paediatric snakebite envenoming: the world’s most neglected ‘Neglected Tropical Disease’?	13
Increased admissions to paediatric wards with a primary mental health diagnosis: results of a survey of a network of eating disorder paediatricians in England	13
Outcomes at five to eight years of age for children with Hirschsprung’s disease	13
Discharge outcome analysis of 1089 transgender young people referred to paediatric endocrine clinics in England 2008–2021	12
Improvement in time to treatment, but not time to diagnosis, in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type I	12
Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): the Evelina Experience	12
Review and future directions for PIMS-TS (MIS-C)	12
Solar-powered oxygen, quality improvement and child pneumonia deaths: a large-scale effectiveness study	12
Social and ethnic group differences in healthcare use by children aged 0–14 years: a population-based cohort study in England from 2007 to 2017	12
Recovery from chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review—heterogeneity of definition limits study comparison	12
Cross-sectional study of population-specific streptococcal antibody titres in Uganda	12
Paediatric severe asthma biologics service: from hospital to home	12
Self-administration of adrenaline for anaphylaxis during in-hospital food challenges improves health-related quality of life	12
COVID-19: lessons to date from China	12
Clinical features to distinguish meningitis among young infants at a rural Kenyan hospital	12
Low-dose or no aspirin administration in acute-phase Kawasaki disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review	12
Development and validation of a prediction model for invasive bacterial infections in febrile children at European Emergency Departments: MOFICHE, a prospective observational study	12
National rates and disparities in childhood vaccination and vaccine-preventable disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: English sentinel network retrospective database study	12
Child poverty and health inequalities in the UK: a guide for paediatricians	12
Addendum to: Children are not COVID-19 super spreaders: time to go back to school	12
COVID-19 in children with chronic kidney disease: findings from the UK renal registry	12
Paediatric care in the time of COVID-19 in countries with under-resourced healthcare systems	12
The paediatrician workforce and its role in addressing neonatal, child and adolescent healthcare in Kenya	12
School academic performance of children hospitalised with a chronic condition	12
Friedreich’s ataxia-associated childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a national cohort study	12
Cystic fibrosis newborn screening: the importance of bloodspot sample quality	11
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global child health: joint statement of the International Child Health Group and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health	11
Decision to reject screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia is flawed	11
Gestational age at birth and child special educational needs: a UK representative birth cohort study	11
Continuous positive airway pressure for children in resource-limited settings, effect on mortality and adverse events: systematic review and meta-analysis	11
CONservative TReatment of Appendicitis in Children: a randomised controlled feasibility Trial (CONTRACT)	11
Clinical management of sickle cell liver disease in children and young adults	11
Impact of oral corticosteroids on respiratory outcomes in acute preschool wheeze: a randomised clinical trial	10
Antibiotic exposure during pregnancy and childhood asthma: a national birth cohort study investigating timing of exposure and mode of delivery	10
Initial experience of the safety and tolerability of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-Bio-N-Tech) vaccine in extremely vulnerable children aged 12–15 years	10
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentre international study	10
Daytime urotherapy in nocturnal enuresis: a randomised, controlled trial	10
Household economic burden of childhood severe pneumonia in Bangladesh: a cost-of-illness study	10
Graves’ disease: moving forwards	10
Child mortality in England during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic	10
Is opioid analgesia superior to NSAID analgesia in children with musculoskeletal trauma?	10
Factors associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in hospitalised children: a retrospective analysis	10
Randomised controlled trial of fosfomycin in neonatal sepsis: pharmacokinetics and safety in relation to sodium overload	10
Reducing negative emotions in children using social robots: systematic review	10
Unlocking children’s voices during SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown	10
Biliary atresia screening in Shenzhen: implementation and achievements	10
Tics, TikTok and COVID-19	10
Caring about caregivers: the role of paediatricians in supporting the mental health of parents of children with high caregiving needs	10
COVID-19 in Malawi: lessons in pandemic preparedness from a tertiary children’s hospital	9
Did children ‘stay safe’? Evaluation of burns presentations to a children’s emergency department during the period of COVID-19 school closures	9
First do no harm: practitioners’ ability to ‘diagnose’ system weaknesses and improve safety is a critical initial step in improving care quality	9
Dexmedetomidine improves success of paediatric MRI sedation	9
General population screening for childhood type 1 diabetes: is it time for a UK strategy?	9
Observational study to define reference ranges for the 3% oxygen desaturation index during sleep in healthy children under 12 years using oximetry motion-resistant technology	9
Epidemiological surveillance study of female genital mutilation in the UK	9
Antibiotic use in ambulatory care for acutely ill children in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis	9
Influence of epidemics and pandemics on paediatric ED use: a systematic review	9
Hyponatraemia despite isotonic maintenance fluid therapy: a time series intervention study	9
Use of oximetry to screen for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea: is one night enough and is 6 hours too much?	9
Cause-specific child and adolescent mortality in the UK and EU15+ countries	9
Characteristics and predictors of persistent symptoms post-COVID-19 in children and young people: a large community cross-sectional study in England	9
Adjuvant corticosteroids for prevention of kidney scarring in children with acute pyelonephritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis	9
Case for change: a standardised inpatient paediatric early warning system in England	8

Implications of a highly transmissible variant of SARS-CoV-2 for children	8
Emergency and perioperative management of adrenal insufficiency in children and young people: British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes consensus guidance	8
Description and evaluation of a pathway for unaccompanied asylum-seeking children	8
Rise in children presenting with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic	8
School absence and achievement in children with isolated orofacial clefts	8
Trajectories of transgender adolescents referred for endocrine intervention in England	8
Validating clinical practice guidelines for the management of febrile infants presenting to the emergency department in the UK and Ireland	8
Acute kidney injury in paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) is not associated with progression to chronic kidney disease	8
Clinical impact of a gastrointestinal PCR panel in children with infectious diarrhoea	8
Critical paediatric COVID-19: varied presentations but good outcomes	8
Foreign body ingestion in children: a magnet epidemic within a pandemic	8
Perinatal outcomes among births to women with infection during pregnancy	8
COVID-19 infections following physical school reopening	8
Association of childhood tracheomalacia with bronchiectasis: a case–control study	8
Retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell layer changes in children who recovered from COVID-19: a cohort study	8
Neonatal cardiac surgery in low resource settings: implications of birth weight	8
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators for cystic fibrosis: a new dawn?	8
Acceptability of different oral dosage forms in paediatric patients in hospital setting	8
What is new in migraine management in children and young people?	8
Incidence and aetiology of infant Gram-negative bacteraemia and meningitis: systematic review and meta-analysis	8
Neurodevelopmental status and follow-up in preschool children with heart disease in London, UK	8
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in the British Isles	8
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances for young people	8
Managing challenges in congenital CMV: current thinking	7
Pierre Robin sequence causes position-dependent obstructive sleep apnoea in infants	7
Female genital mutilation (FGM) in UK children: a review of a dedicated paediatric service for FGM	7
World Health Organization and knowledge translation in maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition	7
Prompt diagnosis of biliary atresia: education has not succeeded, time to move to universal screening	7
Children living with disabilities are neglected in severe malnutrition protocols: a guideline review	7
Ethical issues in treatment of babies born at 22 weeks of gestation	7
Postnatal impact of a prenatally diagnosed double aortic arch	7
Population child health: understanding and addressing complex health needs	7
The ‘Nutmeg Challenge’: a dangerous social media trend	7
Call for a universal PIMS-TS/MIS-C case definition	7
Digital tools to improve parenting behaviour in low-income settings: a mixed-methods feasibility study	7
Future of machine learning in paediatrics	7
Paediatric olfactory dysfunction: a chance to detect COVID-19?	7
COVID-19 is not a driver of clinically significant viral wheeze and asthma	7
Feeding disorders in children with oesophageal atresia: a cross-sectional study	7
Fraudulent participants in qualitative child health research: identifying and reducing bot activity	7
Vitamin D deficiency in South-East Asian children: a systematic review	7
Keeping young people connected during COVID-19: the role of online groups	7
Genetic landscape of congenital disorders in patients from Southeast Asia: results from sequencing using a gene panel for Mendelian phenotypes	7
Five-year follow-up of new cases after a coeliac disease mass screening	7
Morphine or hydromorphone: which should be preferred? A systematic review	7
Venipuncture activates the cerebral cortex in children with intellectual disability	7
High-flow oxygen therapy in moderate to severe bronchiolitis: a randomised controlled trial	7
Disability and visual outcomes following suspected abusive head trauma in children under 2 years	7
New treatments in spinal muscular atrophy	6
Treating nontuberculous mycobacteria in children with cystic fibrosis: a multicentre retrospective study	6
Use of peripheral vasoactive drug infusions during the critical care transport of children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection	6
‘Growth hormone deficiency’ or rather ‘short stature unresponsive to stimulation tests’?	6
Cardiopulmonary fitness in children with asthma versus healthy children	6
Haemoglobin and red blood cell reference intervals during infancy	6
Robustness of reported postacute health outcomes in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review	6
Community seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents in England, 2019–2021	6
Do you know when the inhaler is empty?	6
Impact of the Step-by-Step on febrile infants	6
Pulse oximetry respiratory monitoring for assessment of acute childhood wheeze	6
Changes in UK paediatric long-term ventilation practice over 10 years	6
Epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes of incident tuberculosis in children in Canada in 2013–2016: results of a national surveillance study	6
Recurrent sudden unexpected death in infancy: a case series of sibling deaths	6
WHO essential medicines for children 2011–2019: age-appropriateness of enteral formulations	6
Vulval (Lipschütz) ulcers in young females associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination: case series	6
A preimplementation survey for a standardised approach to paediatric early warning systems	6
Exercise training in paediatric congenital heart disease: fit for purpose?	6
Microcephaly in Australian children, 2016–2018: national surveillance study	6
Perceptions of non-successful families attending a weight-management clinic	6
Bibliography of published COVID-19 in children literature	6
Gestational age and risk of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study	6
Serum amoxicillin levels in young infants (0–59 days) with sepsis treated with oral amoxicillin	6
Management of fluids in paediatric diabetic ketoacidosis: concerns over new guidance	6
Birth prevalence of anorectal malformations in England and 5-year survival: a national birth cohort study	6
Impact of expanding a paediatric OPAT programme with an antimicrobial stewardship intervention	6
Paediatric narcolepsy: a review of diagnosis and management	6
Acute kidney injury following intravenous acyclovir in children	6
Low-level laser therapy for oral mucositis in children with cancer	6
Reduction of ileocolic intussusception under sedation or anaesthesia: a systematic review of complications	6
Experiences of adolescents living with Silver-Russell syndrome	6
Postoperative morbidities with infant cardiac surgery and toddlers’ neurodevelopment	6
Diagnostic test accuracy of dipstick urinalysis for diagnosing urinary tract infection in febrile infants attending the emergency department	6
Extensive use of on-pack promotional claims on commercial baby foods in the UK	6
Monkeypox and children	5
Palliative care for children with complex cardiac conditions: survey results	5
Assessment of parental decision making in congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy and heart transplantation: an observational study analysing decisional characteristics and preferences	5
How young children learn independent asthma self-management: a qualitative study in Malaysia	5
Clinical ethics: consent for vaccination in children	5
Is there an association between having asthma and being bullied?	5
Paediatric health-related quality of life in congenital cytomegalovirus	5
Facilitators and barriers to the delivery of palliative care to children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions: a qualitative study of the experiences and perceptions of healthcare profes	5
How many children with severe neurodisability are being sent home on parenteral nutrition?	5
Feasibility of developing children’s Pill School within a UK hospital	5
Work of a paediatric bioethics centre during the COVID-19 pandemic first phase	5
How to do no harm: empowering local leaders to make care safer in low-resource settings	5
‘Next Generation Sequencing’ as a diagnostic tool in paediatrics	5