OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Language Learning is 2. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-06-01 to 2026-06-01.)

Article	Citations
Issue Information	134
Issue Information	88
Prosody in Pragmatic Competence: Proficiency Impact on Pitch and Fluency Features in Request‐Making in Second Language Chinese	42
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The Influence of Prior Linguistic Knowledge on Second Language Semantic Implicit Learning: Evidence from Cantonese–English Bilinguals	40
Training Child Learners on Nonnative Vowel Contrasts With Phonetic Training: The Role of Task and Variability	40
To What Extent Do Learner‐ and Word‐Related Variables Affect Production of Derivatives?	34
What Proactive Language Learning Theory Is and Is Not: A Response to Atkinson's Commentary	31
Order Effects in Second Language Learning	27
Crosslinguistic Differences in Food Labels Do Not Yield Differences in Taste Perception	27
Unknown Vocabulary Density and Reading Comprehension: Replicating Hu and Nation (2000)	27
Close Encounters of the Word Kind: Attested Distributional Information Boosts Statistical Learning	25
The Role of Modality in L2 Learning: The Importance of Learners Acquiring a Second Sign Language (M2L2 and M1L2 Learners)	25
Sensitivity to Subphonemic Differences in First Language Predicts Vocabulary Size in a Foreign Language	24
The Acquisition of Strategies to Express Plurality in Hearing Second Language Learners of Sign Language of the Netherlands	19
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Revisiting Blocking Effects in Second Language Learning: A Close Replication of Ellis and Sagarra (2010b)	18
Naturalization of Competence – Coloniality, Collusion, and Intersectionality: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied Linguist	18
Error Correction Learning of Second Language Verbal Morphology: Associating Imperfect Contingencies in Naturalistic Frequency Distributions	18
Correction to ‘Community, Equity, and Cultural Change in Open Research: A Response to Open Peer Commentaries’	17
Vocabulary Opens the Door; Creativity Guides the Search: Complementary Contributions to Second Language Semantic Fluency Across Domains	17
Investigating Orthographic Versus Auditory Cross‐Situational Word Learning With Online and Laboratory‐Based Testing	16
Developing Second Language Mandarin Fluency Through Pedagogic Intervention and Study Abroad: Planning Time, Speech Rate, and Response Duration	16
Where is Community Involvement in Open Science? A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	16
Electrophysiological Evidence for a Whorfian Double Dissociation of Categorical Perception Across Two Languages	16

Open Research in Artificial Intelligence and the Search for Common Ground in Reproducibility: A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	15
Heading South, Unmuting Multilingualisms: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research and Education”	15
Is This (Becoming) a Theory of Second Language Acquisition?: A Commentary on “Complexity and Difficulty in Second Language Acquisition: A Theoretical and Methodological Overview”	15
Optionality, Complexity, Difficulty: The Next Step: A Commentary on “Complexity and Difficulty in Second Language Acquisition: A Theoretical and Methodological Overview”	15
Grammatical Analysis Is Required to Describe Grammatical (and “Syntactic”) Complexity: A Commentary on “Complexity and Difficulty in Second Language Acquisition: A Theoretical and Methodological Overv	14
Learning Unacceptability: Repeated Exposure to Acceptable Sentences Improves Adult Learners’ Recognition of Unacceptable Sentences	14
The Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied Linguistics – A response from Europe: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied L	14
Collocation in the Mind: Investigating Collocational Priming in Second Language Speakers of Italian	13
A Commentary on “Proactive Language Learning Theory”	12
First Language Literacy and Second Language Oracy: A Partial Replication of Foster and Skehan (1996)	12
Dialect‐Specific Modes Influence Second Language Production: Evidence From Bidialectal Shanghai–Mandarin Chinese Learners of English Within the Second Language Linguistic Perception Model	12
Study Abroad Students’ Social Contacts in Different Linguistic Contexts and Their Relationship With English Use and Development	12
Plurality Is a Good Start, but It's Time for Unification: A Commentary on “Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Models and Future Directions”	12
The Effect of Age of Onset of Bilingualism on Gender Agreement Processing in Spanish as a Heritage Language	11
Cognitive and Sociopsychological Individual Differences, Experience, and Naturalistic Second Language Speech Learning: A Longitudinal Study	11
The Unbearable Whiteness of Communicative Competence Research: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied Linguistics”	11
Incorporating Co‐occurrence Into the Operationalization of Speech Disfluency for Second Language Pronunciation and Oral Proficiency Assessment	10
MOSAIC+: A Crosslinguistic Model of Verb‐Marking Errors in Typically Developing Children and Children With Developmental Language Disorder	10
Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research and Education	10
Second Language Learning via Syntactic Priming: Investigating the Role of Modality, Attention, and Motivation	10
Lexical Effects on Second Language Grammar Acquisition: Testing Psycholinguistic and Neurocognitive Predictions	10
Alignment of Top‐Down Policies With Emerging Bottom‐Up Practices: A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	9
Phraseological Use and Development During a Stay Abroad: Exploring Sensitivity to Frequency and Cue Contingency	9
Native and Nonnative Speakers’ Preferences for Preposition Pied‐Piping Versus Stranding in English Wh‐Relative Clauses	9
Do Implicit Learning Deficit and Dyslexia Go Together? An fMRI and Behavioral Study	9
Generalizing Knowledge of Second Language Collocations: The Roles of Within‐ and Cross‐Language Similarity on Acceptability and Event‐Related Potentials	9
Second Language Sentence Stress Assignment: Self‐ and Other‐Assessment	9
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The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook: A Response to Open Peer Commentaries	8
Mixed‐Effects Modeling with a Multinomial Dependent Variable	8
Head Gestures Do Not Serve as Precursors of Prosodic Focus Marking in the Second Language as They Do in the First Language	8
	8
Possessive Processing in Bilingual Comprehension	8
Spontaneous Strategies Used During Novel Word Learning	8
Vocabulary and Processing Speed Explain Reading and Writing Disparities Between Linguistic Groups in Higher Education	8
Developing an Automatic Pronunciation Scorer: Aligning Speech Evaluation Models and Applied Linguistics Constructs	7
A Race Critical Peer Commentary With the Post‐White Orientation: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied Linguistics”	7
On Umbrellas and Omnibuses: A Response to Open Peer Commentaries	7
Issue Information	7
Figurativeness Matters in the Second Language Processing of Collocations: Evidence From a Self‐Paced Reading Experiment	7
What Really Drives Language Learning Success: Talent or Hard Work?	7
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Introduction to the Special Issue: Learning Sign Languages as Additional Languages: Considering Language‐ and Modality‐Specific Factors	7
Critical and Dialogic Perspectives on Why Ecologies Matter: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research and Educati	6
The Role of Prosody in International Communication in English in Call Center Interactions	6
Spot It and Learn It! Word Learning in Virtual Peer‐Group Interactions Using a Novel Paradigm for School‐Aged Children	6
Effects of Task Instructions on Predictive Eye Movements and Word Recognition During Second Language Sentence Comprehension	6
Social Aspects in Language Learning: New Perspectives from Study‐Abroad Research	6
Issue Information	6
Overexplicit Second Language Reference: Evidence for the Cognitive Load Hypothesis	6

Proactive Language Learning Theory	6
Socioeconomic Account of Reading Abilities in Learning Chinese as a First Language and English as a Second Language	6
Undesirable Difficulty of Interleaved Practice: The Importance of Initial Blocked Practice for Declarative Knowledge Development in Low‐Achieving Adolescents	6
Declarative and Automatized Phonological Vocabulary Knowledge: Recognition, Recall, Lexicosemantic Judgment, and Listening‐Focused Employability of Second Language Words	6
Uncovering Sampling Biases, Advancing Inclusivity, and Rethinking Theoretical Accounts in Second Language Acquisition: Introduction to the Special Issue SLA for All?	6
Lexico‐Semantic Attrition of Native Language: Evidence From Russian–Hebrew Bilinguals	5
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Word‐Combination‐Based Measures of Phraseological Diversity, Sophistication, and Complexity and Their Relationship to Second Language Chinese Proficiency and Writing Quality	5
Peer Interaction Dynamics and Second Language Learning Trajectories During Study Abroad: A Longitudinal Investigation Using Dynamic Computational Social Network Analysis	5
	5
Hedgehog Pillows and Squirrel Plates: Priming Semantic Structure in Children's Comprehension	5
Unraveling the Complexities of Second Language Lexical Stress Processing: The Impact of First Language Transfer, Second Language Proficiency, and Exposure	5
Active Language Modulates Color Perception in Bilinguals	5
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To Bilingualism and Beyond! Modeling Bilingualism Requires Looking Beyond Language: A Commentary on “Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Models and Future Directions”	5
Implicit Learning in Production: Productive Generalization of New Form–Meaning Connections in the Absence of Awareness	4
Neural Basis of Second Language Speech Learning – Past and Future: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook”	4
What Is the Ideal Time to Provide Corrective Feedback? An Approximate Replication of Li, Zhu, and Ellis (2016)	4
Artificial Intelligence‐Generated Feedback for Second Language Intelligibility: An Exploratory Intervention Study on Effects and Perceptions	4
Neural Evidence for Syntactic Unification in Second Language Sentence Comprehension: A Time‐Frequency Analysis	4
Engaging Indigenous Language Learning Through Relational Accountability: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied Linguistics”	4
Measuring Teenage Learners’ Automatized, Explicit, and/or Implicit Knowledge: A Question of Context?	4
Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition Through Captioned Viewing: A Meta‐Analysis	4
Simulating the Relationship Between Nonword Repetition Performance and Vocabulary Growth in 2‐Year‐Olds: Evidence From the Language 0–5 Project	4
Zoltán Dörnyei (1960–2022)	4
Moving Second Language Processing Beyond an Isolationist View: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook”	4
Eye Movements, Item Modality, and Multimodal Second Language Vocabulary Learning: Processing and Outcomes	4
The Association Between Metalinguistic Awareness and Chinese Word Reading: A Three‐Level Meta‐Analysis	4
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From Play to Language: Infants’ Actions on Objects Cascade to Word Learning	3
Disambiguating Complexity: From CAF to CAFIC: A Commentary on “Complexity and Difficulty in Second Language Acquisition: A Theoretical and Methodological Overview”	3
Move, Rove, Love: Color Cues Help Learning Novel English Words When Pronunciation Is Not Predictable From Spelling	3
Seeing the Speaker's Face Enhances Second Language Shadowing: Neural and Behavioral Evidence	3
Inventing and Reinventing the Cog: A Commentary on “Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Models and Future Directions”	3
L2 Learners’ Signed Language Processing Relates, in Part, to Perspective‐Taking Skills	3
Issue Information	3
Longitudinal Predictors of Listening Comprehension in Bilingual Primary School‐Aged Children	3
Second Language Acquisition of Contextual Emotion and Its Effects on Novel Word Learning From Reading Across Contexts	3
Even in a Relatively New Field We Can Learn From the Past to Build a More Robust Future: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past	3
Costs and Benefits of Spacing for Second Language Vocabulary Learning: Does Relearning Override the Positive and Negative Effects of Spacing?	3
Investigating the Relation Between Second Language Proficiency and Study Success Using a Causal Inference Approach	3
Issue Information	3
	3
Overcoming Challenges to Open Research Practices – A Perspective From the Global South: A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	3
Contrasting Fixed‐ and Mixed‐Effects Modeling in Vocabulary Research: Reanalyzing Laufer (2024) and McLean et al. (2020)	3
The Postprint Pledge – Toward a Culture of Researcher‐Driven Initiatives: A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	3
Academic Language as Linguistic Capital – A Window to Social Justice: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research a	3
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The Interplay of Complexity, Genre, and Second Language Proficiency: A Commentary on “Complexity and Difficulty in Second Language Acquisition: A Theoretical and Methodological Overview”	3
Correction to “Sensitivity to Subphonemic Differences in First Language Predicts Vocabulary Size in a Foreign Language”	3
Rethinking First Language–Second Language Similarities and Differences in English Proficiency: Insights From the ENglish Reading Online (ENRO) Project	3
Testing the Relationship of Linguistic Complexity to Second Language Learners’ Comparative Judgment on Text Difficulty	3
Which Aspects of Visual Motivation Aid the Implicit Learning of Signs at First Exposure?	3
The Effect of COVID‐Related Quarantine and Attitudes on Time Conceptualization: Evidence From Temporal Focus and Implicit Space‐Time Mappings	3
Is Second Language Attrition Inevitable After Instruction Ends? An Exploratory Longitudinal Study of Advanced Instructed Second Language Users	2
Learning Novel Words in an Immersive Virtual‐Reality Context: Tracking Lexicalization Through Behavioral and Event‐Related‐Potential Measures	2
Effect of Teacher–Student Interaction on Language Learning Under Anxiety: An fNIRS‐Based Hyperscanning Study	2
Revisiting Text Readability and Processing Effort in Second Language Reading: Bayesian Analysis of Eye‐Tracking Data	2
CLASSIC Utterance Boundary: A Chunking‐Based Model of Early Naturalistic Word Segmentation	2
How Do They Feel? Processing Others’ Emotions in Second Language Discourse	2
Repetition and Incidental Learning of Multiword Units: A Conceptual Multisite Replication Study of Webb, Newton, and Chang (2013)	2
Iconicity and Gesture Jointly Facilitate Learning of Second Language Signs at First Exposure in Hearing Nonsigners	2
The Evolution of Science in Second Language Acquisition Research: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook”	2
Rejecting Competence – Essentialist Constructs Reproduce Ableism and White Supremacy in Linguistic Theory: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of	2
Whither Bilinguals, Natives, and Variability? A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook”	2
The Role of Cognates and Language Distance in Simultaneous Bilingual Children's Productive Vocabulary Acquisition	2
Spacing Effects in Task Repetition Research	2
Issue Information	2
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Error‐Correction Mechanisms in Language Learning: Modeling Individuals	2
Modeling the Effects of Task Repetition in Second Language Writing: Examining Interindividual and Intraindividual Variability	2
Issue Information	2
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Chinese Learners of English Are Conceptually Blind to Temporal Differences Conveyed by Tense	2
Interactional Fluency and Turn‐Managing Gestures Across Second Language Proficiency Levels: A Multimodal Analysis	2
Priming Ditransitives in Native Speakers and Learners of Mandarin: Error‐Driven Learning Affects Production but Not Real‐Time Predictive Processing	2
Assessing Digital Interactional Competence for Second‐Language and First‐Language Chinese Speakers: Effects of Proficiency, Mode, and Setting	2
Issue Information	2
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