Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Article	Citations
Insights from very‐large‐ensemble data assimilation experiments with a high‐resolution general circulation model of the Red Sea	279
Frontal effects on the rapid formation of a deep layer of marine fog and cloud in the NW Atlantic	106
Changes of tropical gravity waves and the quasi‐biennial oscillation in storm‐resolving simulations of idealized global warming	98
Issue Information	64
Impacts of assimilating polarimetric radar KDP observations with an ensemble Kalman filter on analyses and predictions of a rainstorm associated with Typhoon Hato<	50
Drivers of the ECMWF SEAS5 seasonal forecast for the hot and dry European summer of 2022	47
Combined effects of soil moisture and microphysical perturbations on convective clouds and precipitation for a locally forced case over Central Europe	46
Impacts of the QBO and ENSO on upper‐tropospheric Rossby‐wave activity associated with the North Atlantic and Mediterranean storm tracks	41
Impact of HY‐2B SMR radiance assimilation on CMA global medium‐range weather forecasts	36
Multivariate post‐processing of probabilistic sub‐seasonal weather regime forecasts	30
Extension of all‐sky radiance assimilation to hyperspectral infrared sounders	30
State, global, and local parameter estimation using local ensemble Kalman filters: Applications to online machine learning of chaotic dynamics	29
Scalar turbulent fluxes and variances in the interfacial layer from lidar observations and assessment of Lagrangian Stochastic Models	29
A consistent treatment of mixed‐phase saturation for atmospheric thermodynamics	27
Exploiting the full potential of Doppler lidars: High‐resolution wind‐gust profiling in significant weather	26
How sensitive are Sahelian mesoscale convective systems to cold‐pool suppression?	26
Rain in convective downdraughts	26
Moist convection and radiative cooling: Dynamical response and scaling	25
Generation of state‐dependent ensemble perturbations based on time‐varying seawater density for GloSea5 initialization	24
Aeolus Rayleigh‐channel winds in cloudy conditions	22
Including observation error correlation for ensemble radar radial wind assimilation and its impact on heavy rainfall prediction	21
The interpretation and implications of the Knutsonet al. 2020 projections of changes in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones under climate change	21
Evaluating atmospheric electricity changes as an indicator of fog formation	21
Role of cloud microphysics and energetics in regulating different phases of the monsoon low‐pressure systems over the Indian region	20
Mesoscale evaluation of AMPS using AWARE radar observations of a wind and precipitation event over the Ross Island region of Antarctica	20

Effects of Observation‐Operator Nonlinearity on the Assimilation of Visible and Infrared Radiances in Ensemble Data Assimilation	20
NWP calibration applied to Aeolus Mie channel winds	20
Orographic gravity‐wave drag over multiple bell‐shaped mountains	19
On the relay propagation of deep convection leading to a heavy rainfall event in a weak‐wind urban environment	17
Sensitive areas for target observation associated with meteorological forecasts for dust storm events in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region	17
Synoptic‐scale and mesoscale controls for tornadogenesis on cold fronts: A tornadic cold front in amplifying northwesterly flow	17
Issue Information	17
Impact of ensemble‐based hybrid background‐error covariances in ECMWF's next‐generation ocean reanalysis system	17
Air–sea feedback in the northeastern tropical Atlantic in boreal summer at intraseasonal time‐scales	17
Spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme rainfall: Added benefits with sub‐kilometre‐resolution climate model simulations?	17
The effect of stochastically perturbed parametrisation tendencies (SPPT) on rapidly ascending air streams	17
Local identification of equatorial Kelvin waves in real‐time operational forecasts	17
A conservative numerical scheme for the multilayer shallow‐water equations on unstructured meshes	16
Issue Information	16
Outstanding performance of ERA5 reanalysis temperature in China since the 1950s and quantification of its abnormal error in 1965–1966	16
The frictional layer in the observed momentum budget of the trades	16
Spatial verification of global precipitation forecasts	16
Accounting for the three‐dimensional nature of mountain waves: Parametrising partial critical‐level filtering	16
Entrainment and detrainment statistics of a stationary shallow cumulus cloud	16
Diurnal variations of the meridional overturning circulations over West Africa during the premonsoon and monsoon seasons	15
A two‐fluid single‐column model of turbulent shallow convection. Part II: Single‐column model formulation and numerics	15
Observations of coastal urban influences on convective precipitation over Houston, Texas	14
Stability mechanisms and air temperature advection on the marine atmospheric boundary layer modulation at the southwestern Atlantic Ocean	14
Impact of sea spray‐mediated heat fluxes on polar low development	14
The role of midlatitude dry air during the withdrawal of the Indian summer monsoon	13
Comparing the atmospheric and ocean characteristics associated with two distinctly intensified pre‐monsoon tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal	13
A new approach to represent model uncertainty in the forecasting of tropical cyclones: The orthogonal nonlinear forcing singular vectors	13
Effect of increased ocean resolution on model errors in El Niño–Southern Oscillation and its teleconnections	13
Phase dependence of growth mechanisms in the daily energetics of the North Atlantic Oscillation	13
Characteristics and evolution of heat wave and extreme precipitation compound events in South China based on copula function	13
Flower trade‐wind clouds are shallow mesoscale convective systems	13
A solution to the trilemma of the moist Charney–Phillips staggering	13
Tropospheric amplification of stratosphere–troposphere coupling	13
Revisiting measurement and representation errors in geophysical sciences: From classical collocation‐based measurement error estimation to “sampling‐aware field‐informed retrieval”, a method that expl	13
Coupled atmosphere–ocean observations of a cold‐air outbreak and its impact on the Iceland Sea	13
Improving forecasts of precipitation extremes over northern and central Italy using machine learning	13
Development of an offline and online hybrid model for the Integrated Forecasting System	13
Long‐term single‐column model intercomparison of diurnal cycle of precipitation over midlatitude and tropical land	13
Calibration of subseasonal sea‐ice forecasts using ensemble model output statistics and observational uncertainty	12
Issue Information	12
Numerical entropy conservation without sacrificing Charney–Phillips grid optimal wave propagation	12
Flow‐ and scale‐dependent spatial predictability of convective precipitation combining different model uncertainty representations	12
Reviewing and clarifying the derivation of the hydrostatic primitive equations	12
Dynamic channel selection based on vertical sensitivities for the assimilation of FY‐4A geostationary interferometric infrared sounder targeted observations	12
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Influencing factors associated with the second dominant pattern of the Indian summer monsoon	12
Dry and moist atmospheric circulation with uniform sea‐surface temperature	11
Global representation of extratropical cyclone precipitation and future trends in CMIP6 models	11
Using interpretable gradient‐boosted decision‐tree ensembles to uncover novel dynamical relationships governing monsoon low‐pressure systems	11
Impact of assimilation of microwave imager radiance data on simulation of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal using the NCUM‐R modelling system	11

Supervised machine learning to estimate instabilities in chaotic systems: Estimation of local Lyapunov exponents	11
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An overview of drifting‐buoy deployments in atmospheric river reconnaissance from 2019 to 2024	11
Formation of fog due to stratus lowering: An observational and modelling case study	11
A moist‐thermal quasi‐geostrophic model for monsoon depressions	11
Persistent mixed‐phase states in adiabatic cloud parcels under idealised conditions	11
Signal‐to‐noise and predictable modes of variability in winter seasonal forecasts	11
Improving global temperature datasets to better account for non‐uniform warming	11
Carbon dioxide and evapotranspiration fluxes in an urban area of Krakow, Poland	11
A gridded 30‐year days of thunder climatology for the United Kingdom	11
An analytical model for daily‐periodic slope winds. Part 2: Solutions	11
The role of collision and coalescence on the microphysics of marine fog	11
A climatology of trapped lee waves over Britain and Ireland obtained using deep learning on high‐resolution model output	11
Spectral scaling of unstably stratified atmospheric flows: Turbulence anisotropy and the low‐frequency spread	11
Coupled data assimilation at ECMWF: current status, challenges and future developments	11
Role of land‐surface vegetation in the march of Indian monsoon onset isochrones in a coupled model	10
Large‐eddy simulation with Lagrangian cloud modeling and large‐scale dynamics (L3$$ {\mathrm{L}}^3 $$) for studying the marine fog life cycle	10
Factors influencing subseasonal predictability of northern Eurasian cold spells	10
What do large‐scale patterns teach us about extreme precipitation over the Mediterranean at medium‐ and extended‐range forecasts?	10
The use of 100 m scale NWP models to understand differences between different measures of mixing height in a morning growing clear convective boundary layer over London	10
On the corners of the cubed‐sphere grid	10
Investigation of the thermal structure in the atmospheric boundary layer during evening transition and the impact of aerosols on radiative cooling	10
Aerosol–cloud–precipitation interactions during a Saharan dust event – A summertime case‐study from the Alps	10
A composite study of extratropical cyclones accompanied by split fronts in the Northwestern Pacific	10
The impact of surface heterogeneity on the diurnal cycle of deep convection	10
A framework for measurement and modeling of sea spray frequency: A probabilistic approach and a synthetic data‐based machine‐learning method	10
Assessing the impact of a NWP warm‐start system on model spin‐up over tropical Africa	10
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Summer convection over and around the subtropical Andes	9
Relative economic value of global ensemble prediction system of NCMRWF, India, for extreme weather events	9
Application of a cloud method in simulating mountain waves over steep topography	9
Assessing the simulation of snowfall at Dumont d'Urville, Antarctica, during the YOPP‐SH special observing campaign	9
The inner life of the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone	9
Uncovering the Drivers of the Equatorial Ocean Surface Winds	9
On the impact of observation‐error correlations in data assimilation, with application to along‐track altimeter data	9
The characteristic and seasonal variation of mesoscale convective systems' precipitation overNorth China	9
Observations and modelling of the winter thunderstorm on 4 February 2022 at the Milešovka meteorological observatory	9
Implementation of a double moment cloud microphysics scheme in the UK met office regional numerical weather prediction model	9
Determining precipitable water vapour from upper‐air temperature, pressure and geopotential height	9
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Issue Information	9
Processes associated with extremely heavy precipitation in the Meghalaya Plateau region: A case modelling study	9
Quantitative description and characteristics of submeso motion and turbulence intermittency	9
Land data assimilation of satellite‐based surface soil moisture: Impact on atmospheric simulations over the contiguous United States	9
Sensitivity of simulated rain intensity and kinetic energy to aerosols and warm‐rain microphysics during the extreme event of July 2021 in Belgium	9
Quantifying the related precipitation and moisture sources in the lifecycle of subtropical cyclones in the South Atlantic basin	9
Soil moisture–precipitation feedbacks in pre‐ and post‐monsoon landfalling tropical cyclones in Bay of Bengal	8
Formation of maritime convergence zones within cold air outbreaks due to the shape of the coastline or sea ice edge	8
The set‐up and evaluation of fine‐scale data assimilation for the urban climate of Amsterdam	8
Analysis of nocturnal urban heat advection using crowd weather stations	8
Aerosols drive the missed global brightening recently in ERA5 and ERAI over Japan	8
Unique moisture transport under abnormal circulations for producing the extreme rainstorm over Beijing on July 31, 2023	8
Scale analysis for the Madden–Julian oscillation	8
Direct assimilation of AVHRR satellite radiance measurements in a reanalysis system	8
Warm conveyor belts as amplifiers of forecast uncertainty	8
Signal‐to‐noise errors in early winter Euro‐Atlantic predictions linked to weak ENSO teleconnections and pervasive jet biases	8
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Characteristics of the low‐level jets observed over Dunkerque (North Sea French coast) using 4 years of wind lidar data	8
Improving the short‐range forecast of storm surges in the southwestern Atlantic continental shelf using 4DEnSRF data assimilation	8
Issue Information	8
Utility of thermal remote sensing for evaluation of a high‐resolution weather model in a city	8
An adaptive nonhydrostatic dynamical core using a multimoment finite‐volume method on a cubed sphere	8
Representing the effects of building height variability on urban canopy flow	8
Influence of a local diabatic heating source on the midlatitude circulation	8
Issue Information	8
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Decadal variability of Madden–Julian oscillation teleconnections in a coupled climate model	8
Spatial and temporal structure of the fog life cycle over Atlantic Canada and the Grand Banks	8
Enhanced prediction of premonsoon thunderstorms over eastern India through assimilation of INSAT‐3D sounding data	8
Potential‐temperature variance budget in a saturated coastal‐fog environment	7
Reducing the spin‐up of a regional NWP system without data assimilation	7
Evaluation of different sub‐grid orographic drag schemes on typhoon precipitation in Northeast China in the Weather Research and Forecasting model	7
Roles of terrain in the convection initiation of an extreme rainfall event along the eastern slope of Wushan Mountain, China under weak synoptic forcing	7
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ERA5 deficit in supercooled liquid water cloud radiative forcing at Dome C, Antarctica	7
Explaining heatwaves with machine learning	7
Large‐eddy simulations of drizzling shallow cumuli using a turbulence‐aware autoconversion parametrization	7
A variational Bayesian approach for ensemble filtering of stochastically parametrized systems	7
The impact of Arctic sea‐ice loss on winter weather in the British Isles	7
Joint modulation of coastal rainfall in Northeast Australia by local and large‐scale forcings	7

Idealized study of representing spatial and temporal variations in the error contribution of surface emissivity for assimilating surface‐sensitive microwave radiance observations over land	7
Non‐Gaussian variational data assimilation with reverse‐lognormal errors	7
Nonlinear diffusion‐limited two‐dimensional colliding‐plume simulations with very high‐order numerical approximations	7
Assessment for operational assimilation of horizontal line of sight winds from the European Space Agency's Aeolus at the Met Office	7
Analyzing future marine cold spells in the tropical Indian Ocean: Insights from a regional Earth system model	7
The response of convectively generated gravity waves to sea surface temperature variations revealed by Aquaplanet simulations	7
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Skill of the extended range prediction (NERP) for Indian summer monsoon rainfall with NCMRWF global coupled modelling system	7
Can lightning indicate genesis frequency of tropical cyclones over the South China Sea?	7
Assessing the role of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation on the severe heatwave of May 2015 over India	7
Irrigation impact on boundary layer and precipitation characteristics in Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations during LIAISE‐2021	7
Data assimilation for nonlinear systems with a hybrid nonlinear Kalman ensemble transform filter	7
Too‐stable North Atlantic climate system in CMIP6 experiments undermines precipitation projections in Europe	7
The characterization and impact of Aeolus wind profile observations in NOAA's regional tropical cyclone model (HWRF)	7
Decomposing the role of dry intrusions for ocean evaporation during mistral	7
An incremental analysis update in the framework of the four‐dimensional variational data assimilation: Description and preliminary tests in the operational China Meteorological A	7
Spike formation on supercooled water droplets collected by micrometer ice crystals	7
The life cycle of the heatwave boundary layer identified from commercial aircraft observations at Melbourne Airport (Australia)	7
Forced trends and internal variability in climate change projections of extreme European windstorm frequency and severity	7
Temporal and spatial dynamics of a local wind in Japan, “Kiyokawa‐dashi”: Insights from high‐density observations and numerical simulations	7
Issue Information	7
Sudden stratospheric warming linked to extreme cold weather in North India: Physical processes and impacts	7
Machine learning and dynamics based error‐index method for the detection of monsoon onset vortex over the Arabian Sea: Climatology and composite structures	7
Comparison of uncertainty quantification methods for cloud simulation	7
Assimilating atmospheric motion vector winds using a feature track correction observation operator	7
On methods for assessment of the value of observations in convection‐permitting data assimilation and numerical weather forecasting	7
Extra predictability from a seamless approach for Asian summer monsoon precipitation from days to weeks	7
Kriging‐variance‐based multi‐member ensembles of radar–rain‐gauge precipitation estimates: Application in Switzerland	7
The role of in situ ocean data assimilation in ECMWF subseasonal forecasts of sea‐surface temperature and mixed‐layer depth over the tropical Pacific ocean	6
Impact of Aeolus wind lidar observations on the representation of the West African monsoon circulation in the ECMWF and DWD forecasting systems	6
Physics–dynamics–chemistry coupling across different meshes in LFRic‐Atmosphere: Formulation and idealised tests	6
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Illustration of an object‐based approach to identify structural differences in tropical cyclone wind fields	6
Satellite signature of the instantaneous wind response to mesoscale oceanic thermal structures	6
Convergence of forecast distributions in a 100,000‐member idealised convective‐scale ensemble	6
The relationship between precipitation and its spatial pattern in the trades observed during EUREC4A	6
On the indices of the normal modes of Laplace's tidal equations for zonal wavenumber zero	6
The horizontal and vertical controls on the thermal structure of the tropical troposphere	6
Comments on ‘Theoretical aspects of the size distribution of fog particles’	6
A case study analysis of the impact of a new free tropospheric turbulence scheme on the dispersion of an atmospheric tracer	6
Compositions of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of precipitation in Xiamen, southeast China coast: Seasonal variations, synoptic processes, and typhoons impact	6
Ensemble‐based estimates of the impact of potential observations	6
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Relative contributions of local heat storage and ocean heat transport to cold‐season Arctic Ocean surface energy fluxes in CMIP6 models	6
Can a climate model successfully diagnose clear‐air turbulence and its response to climate change?	6
A station‐based evaluation of near‐surface south foehn evolution in COSMO‐1	6
The capability of 20th‐century reanalyses to reproduce the spatiotemporal variation in surface incident solar radiation over Japan for 1931–2010	6
A conditional decomposition of proper scores: quantifying the sources of information in a forecast	6
Antarctic data impact experiments with Polar WRF during the YOPP‐SH summer special observing period	6
Northern Hemisphere extratropical cyclone biases in ECMWF subseasonal forecasts	6
Tropical tropospheric warming pattern explained by shifts in convective heating in the Matsuno–Gill model	6
Investigation of the trigger perturbation for a simulated case of arctic oscillation transition using initial‐condition perturbation denial experiments	6
On the thermodynamic invariance of fine‐grain and coarse‐grain fluid models	6
Microphysical mechanisms of wintertime postfrontal precipitation enhancement over the Australian Snowy Mountains	6
On the genesis and dynamics of Madden–Julian oscillation‐like structure formed by equatorial adjustment of localized heating	6
Issue Information	6
Changes in extreme precipitation in Taiwan's Mei‐yu season	6
Impact of ocean data assimilation on the sub‐polar North Atlantic in MPI‐ESM	6
Towards a new generation of artificial‐intelligence‐based infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer retrievals of surface temperature: Part I – Methodology	6
How inaccurate offshore wind observations impact the quality of operational numerical weather prediction	6
C‐POOL: A scheme for modelling convective cold pools in the Met Office Unified Model	6
Impact of the Madden–Julian oscillation and equatorial waves on tracked mesoscale convective systems over southeast Asia	5
A balanced model of a hurricane vortex coupled to a boundary layer	5
A microwave temperature sounder (MWTS)–microwave humidity sounder fusion cloud detection method for land data from the FengYun‐3D MWTS and its impact on error estimation	5
Information content assessment of hyperspectral microwave radiometer for temperature and humidity sounding in a numerical weather prediction context	5
Optimal distributions of growing‐type initial perturbations for ensemble forecasts: Theory and application in the Lorenz‐96 model	5
Dynamics of diabatically forced anticyclonic plumes in the stratosphere	5
A surface pressure tendency equation incorporating hydrometeors and its preliminary application in tropical cyclones	5
Is Amazon deforestation decreasing the number of thunderstorms over South America?	5
Turbulence‐resolving simulations of Hurricane Laura (2020): Insights into extreme winds and eyewall turbulence	5
Assimilation of shipborne precipitable water vapour by Global Navigation Satellite Systems for extreme precipitation events	5
The early formation processes of the dual southwest vortices: Different horizontal scales and generation mechanisms	5
Investigating the precipitation features of monsoon deep depressions over the Bay of Bengal using high‐resolution stand‐alone and coupled simulations	5
On the intensification of typhoon Damrey with the monsoon gyre	5
Assessing forecast benefits of future constellations of microwave sounders on small satellites using an ensemble of data assimilations	5
The impact of aerosols and model grid spacing on a supercell storm from Swabian MOSES 2021	5
Seasonal and regional variation in drop size distributions for different types of rain over northeastern and eastern parts of India	5
Relative importance of driving factors for daytime and nighttime heatwaves in China	5
Flow dependence of forecast uncertainty in a large convection‐permitting ensemble	5
Lead‐time‐continuous statistical postprocessing of ensemble weather forecasts	5
Improvement of summer precipitation simulation with indirect assimilation of spring soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau	5
Simulating a Mediterranean heavy‐precipitating event with parametrized convection: Role of subgrid‐scale topography	5
Correction to “Uncertainties in the observational reference: Implications in skill assessment and model ranking of seasonal predictions”	5
On the applicability of urban canopy parametrization in building grey zone	5
Large model biases in the Pacific centre of the Northern Annular Mode due to exaggerated variability of the Aleutian Low	5
An assessment of Arctic diurnal water‐vapour cycles in Canada's weather forecast model and ERA5	5
Misalignment between the propagation direction of the bora wind and its pulsations	5
Understanding the characteristics of microphysical processes in the rapid intensity changes of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal	5
Benefit of assimilating satellite all‐sky infrared radiances on the cloud and precipitation prediction of a long‐lasting mesoscale convective system over the Tibetan plateau	5
Sources of predictability of synoptic‐scale rainfall during the West African summer monsoon	5
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Grey‐zone simulations of shallow‐to‐deep convection transition using dynamic subgrid‐scale turbulence models	5
Where numerical weather prediction meets large‐eddy simulations in a convective boundary layer during the FESSTVaL field experiment	5
Identification of equatorial waves using Hough function vectors	5
Comparison of multivariate post‐processing methods using global ECMWF ensemble forecasts	5