Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Article	Citations
Insights from very‐large‐ensemble data assimilation experiments with a high‐resolution general circulation model of the Red Sea	402
Combined effects of soil moisture and microphysical perturbations on convective clouds and precipitation for a locally forced case over Central Europe	248
Issue Information	104
Frontal effects on the rapid formation of a deep layer of marine fog and cloud in the NW Atlantic	83
Multivariate post‐processing of probabilistic sub‐seasonal weather regime forecasts	66
Extension of all‐sky radiance assimilation to hyperspectral infrared sounders	47
Impact of HY‐2B SMR radiance assimilation on CMA global medium‐range weather forecasts	46
Generation of state‐dependent ensemble perturbations based on time‐varying seawater density for GloSea5 initialization	42
State, global, and local parameter estimation using local ensemble Kalman filters: Applications to online machine learning of chaotic dynamics	42
Aeolus Rayleigh‐channel winds in cloudy conditions	39
Evaluating atmospheric electricity changes as an indicator of fog formation	38
Local identification of equatorial Kelvin waves in real‐time operational forecasts	37
The interpretation and implications of the Knutsonet al. 2020 projections of changes in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones under climate change	36
Including observation error correlation for ensemble radar radial wind assimilation and its impact on heavy rainfall prediction	31
Mesoscale evaluation of AMPS using AWARE radar observations of a wind and precipitation event over the Ross Island region of Antarctica	30
NWP calibration applied to Aeolus Mie channel winds	30
Role of cloud microphysics and energetics in regulating different phases of the monsoon low‐pressure systems over the Indian region	29
Impacts of the QBO and ENSO on upper‐tropospheric Rossby‐wave activity associated with the North Atlantic and Mediterranean storm tracks	26
Spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme rainfall: Added benefits with sub‐kilometre‐resolution climate model simulations?	26
Synoptic‐scale and mesoscale controls for tornadogenesis on cold fronts: A tornadic cold front in amplifying northwesterly flow	26
The effect of stochastically perturbed parametrisation tendencies (SPPT) on rapidly ascending air streams	26
Orographic gravity‐wave drag over multiple bell‐shaped mountains	25
Changes of tropical gravity waves and the quasi‐biennial oscillation in storm‐resolving simulations of idealized global warming	24
Drivers of the ECMWF SEAS5 seasonal forecast for the hot and dry European summer of 2022	24
How sensitive are Sahelian mesoscale convective systems to cold‐pool suppression?	21

A consistent treatment of mixed‐phase saturation for atmospheric thermodynamics	20
Impact of ensemble‐based hybrid background‐error covariances in ECMWF's next‐generation ocean reanalysis system	20
Effects of Observation‐Operator Nonlinearity on the Assimilation of Visible and Infrared Radiances in Ensemble Data Assimilation	20
Exploiting the full potential of Doppler lidars: High‐resolution wind‐gust profiling in significant weather	20
On the relay propagation of deep convection leading to a heavy rainfall event in a weak‐wind urban environment	19
Impacts of assimilating polarimetric radar KDP observations with an ensemble Kalman filter on analyses and predictions of a rainstorm associated with Typhoon Hato<	19
Sensitive areas for target observation associated with meteorological forecasts for dust storm events in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region	19
Rain in convective downdraughts	19
Air–sea feedback in the northeastern tropical Atlantic in boreal summer at intraseasonal time‐scales	18
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Issue Information	17
Tropospheric amplification of stratosphere–troposphere coupling	16
Modelling extreme precipitation over the Dinaric Alps: An evaluation of the CNRM‐ALADIN regional climate model	16
A solution to the trilemma of the moist Charney–Phillips staggering	16
Phase dependence of growth mechanisms in the daily energetics of the North Atlantic Oscillation	16
Calibration of subseasonal sea‐ice forecasts using ensemble model output statistics and observational uncertainty	16
Diurnal variations of the meridional overturning circulations over West Africa during the premonsoon and monsoon seasons	16
Accounting for the three‐dimensional nature of mountain waves: Parametrising partial critical‐level filtering	15
Effect of increased ocean resolution on model errors in El Niño–Southern Oscillation and its teleconnections	15
A two‐fluid single‐column model of turbulent shallow convection. Part II: Single‐column model formulation and numerics	15
The frictional layer in the observed momentum budget of the trades	15
Dynamic channel selection based on vertical sensitivities for the assimilation of FY‐4A geostationary interferometric infrared sounder targeted observations	15
Long‐term single‐column model intercomparison of diurnal cycle of precipitation over midlatitude and tropical land	15
The role of midlatitude dry air during the withdrawal of the Indian summer monsoon	15
Coupled atmosphere–ocean observations of a cold‐air outbreak and its impact on the Iceland Sea	15
Flower trade‐wind clouds are shallow mesoscale convective systems	14
Characteristics and evolution of heat wave and extreme precipitation compound events in South China based on copula function	14
A conservative numerical scheme for the multilayer shallow‐water equations on unstructured meshes	14
Entrainment and detrainment statistics of a stationary shallow cumulus cloud	14
Spatial verification of global precipitation forecasts	14
A new approach to represent model uncertainty in the forecasting of tropical cyclones: The orthogonal nonlinear forcing singular vectors	14
Development of an offline and online hybrid model for the Integrated Forecasting System	14
Outstanding performance of ERA5 reanalysis temperature in China since the 1950s and quantification of its abnormal error in 1965–1966	14
Issue Information	13
Stability mechanisms and air temperature advection on the marine atmospheric boundary layer modulation at the southwestern Atlantic Ocean	13
Comparing the atmospheric and ocean characteristics associated with two distinctly intensified pre‐monsoon tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal	13
Improving forecasts of precipitation extremes over northern and central Italy using machine learning	13
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Impact of sea spray‐mediated heat fluxes on polar low development	13
Using interpretable gradient‐boosted decision‐tree ensembles to uncover novel dynamical relationships governing monsoon low‐pressure systems	12
Flow‐ and scale‐dependent spatial predictability of convective precipitation combining different model uncertainty representations	12
Numerical entropy conservation without sacrificing Charney–Phillips grid optimal wave propagation	12
Signal‐to‐noise and predictable modes of variability in winter seasonal forecasts	12
An analytical model for daily‐periodic slope winds. Part 2: Solutions	12
Improving global temperature datasets to better account for non‐uniform warming	12
Reviewing and clarifying the derivation of the hydrostatic primitive equations	12
Influencing factors associated with the second dominant pattern of the Indian summer monsoon	12
Persistent mixed‐phase states in adiabatic cloud parcels under idealised conditions	12
A moist‐thermal quasi‐geostrophic model for monsoon depressions	11
An overview of drifting‐buoy deployments in atmospheric river reconnaissance from 2019 to 2024	11

Global representation of extratropical cyclone precipitation and future trends in CMIP6 models	11
Formation of fog due to stratus lowering: An observational and modelling case study	11
A gridded 30‐year days of thunder climatology for the United Kingdom	11
Spectral scaling of unstably stratified atmospheric flows: Turbulence anisotropy and the low‐frequency spread	11
Supervised machine learning to estimate instabilities in chaotic systems: Estimation of local Lyapunov exponents	11
Impact of assimilation of microwave imager radiance data on simulation of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal using the NCUM‐R modelling system	11
Examination of all‐sky infrared radiance simulation of Himawari‐8 for global data assimilation and model verification	11
The role of collision and coalescence on the microphysics of marine fog	11
A climatology of trapped lee waves over Britain and Ireland obtained using deep learning on high‐resolution model output	11
Coupled data assimilation at ECMWF: current status, challenges and future developments	11
Dry and moist atmospheric circulation with uniform sea‐surface temperature	10
Factors influencing subseasonal predictability of northern Eurasian cold spells	10
Role of land‐surface vegetation in the march of Indian monsoon onset isochrones in a coupled model	10
Assessing the impact of a NWP warm‐start system on model spin‐up over tropical Africa	10
Large‐eddy simulation with Lagrangian cloud modeling and large‐scale dynamics (L3$$ {\mathrm{L}}^3 $$) for studying the marine fog life cycle	10
Investigation of the thermal structure in the atmospheric boundary layer during evening transition and the impact of aerosols on radiative cooling	10
The use of 100 m scale NWP models to understand differences between different measures of mixing height in a morning growing clear convective boundary layer over London	10
On the corners of the cubed‐sphere grid	10
A composite study of extratropical cyclones accompanied by split fronts in the Northwestern Pacific	10
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The impact of surface heterogeneity on the diurnal cycle of deep convection	10
A framework for measurement and modeling of sea spray frequency: A probabilistic approach and a synthetic data‐based machine‐learning method	10
Issue Information	10
Aerosol–cloud–precipitation interactions during a Saharan dust event – A summertime case‐study from the Alps	10
Carbon dioxide and evapotranspiration fluxes in an urban area of Krakow, Poland	10
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Influence of a local diabatic heating source on the midlatitude circulation	10
Issue Information	10
What do large‐scale patterns teach us about extreme precipitation over the Mediterranean at medium‐ and extended‐range forecasts?	10
Observations and modelling of the winter thunderstorm on 4 February 2022 at the Milešovka meteorological observatory	9
Summer convection over and around the subtropical Andes	9
Representing the effects of building height variability on urban canopy flow	9
Uncovering the Drivers of the Equatorial Ocean Surface Winds	9
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Implementation of a double moment cloud microphysics scheme in the UK met office regional numerical weather prediction model	9
Warm conveyor belts as amplifiers of forecast uncertainty	9
On the impact of observation‐error correlations in data assimilation, with application to along‐track altimeter data	9
Formation of maritime convergence zones within cold air outbreaks due to the shape of the coastline or sea ice edge	9
Relative economic value of global ensemble prediction system of NCMRWF, India, for extreme weather events	9
Signal‐to‐noise errors in early winter Euro‐Atlantic predictions linked to weak ENSO teleconnections and pervasive jet biases	9
The characteristic and seasonal variation of mesoscale convective systems' precipitation overNorth China	9
Determining precipitable water vapour from upper‐air temperature, pressure and geopotential height	9
Quantifying the related precipitation and moisture sources in the lifecycle of subtropical cyclones in the South Atlantic basin	9
Assessing the simulation of snowfall at Dumont d'Urville, Antarctica, during the YOPP‐SH special observing campaign	9
Quantitative description and characteristics of submeso motion and turbulence intermittency	8
More accuracy with less precision	8
Assessment for operational assimilation of horizontal line of sight winds from the European Space Agency's Aeolus at the Met Office	8
Skill of the extended range prediction (NERP) for Indian summer monsoon rainfall with NCMRWF global coupled modelling system	8
Spatial and temporal structure of the fog life cycle over Atlantic Canada and the Grand Banks	8
Quality control and bias adjustment of crowdsourced wind speed observations	8
Soil moisture–precipitation feedbacks in pre‐ and post‐monsoon landfalling tropical cyclones in Bay of Bengal	8
Characteristics of the low‐level jets observed over Dunkerque (North Sea French coast) using 4 years of wind lidar data	8
The equatorial wave skeleton of the Madden–Julian Oscillation	8
An adaptive nonhydrostatic dynamical core using a multimoment finite‐volume method on a cubed sphere	8
The life cycle of the heatwave boundary layer identified from commercial aircraft observations at Melbourne Airport (Australia)	8
Explaining heatwaves with machine learning	8
Enhanced prediction of premonsoon thunderstorms over eastern India through assimilation of INSAT‐3D sounding data	8
Direct assimilation of AVHRR satellite radiance measurements in a reanalysis system	8
The inner life of the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone	8
Processes associated with extremely heavy precipitation in the Meghalaya Plateau region: A case modelling study	8
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Sensitivity of simulated rain intensity and kinetic energy to aerosols and warm‐rain microphysics during the extreme event of July 2021 in Belgium	8
Issue Information	8
An incremental analysis update in the framework of the four‐dimensional variational data assimilation: Description and preliminary tests in the operational China Meteorological A	8
Machine learning and dynamics based error‐index method for the detection of monsoon onset vortex over the Arabian Sea: Climatology and composite structures	8
Issue Information	8
The set‐up and evaluation of fine‐scale data assimilation for the urban climate of Amsterdam	8
Reducing the spin‐up of a regional NWP system without data assimilation	7
Scale analysis for the Madden–Julian oscillation	7
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Irrigation impact on boundary layer and precipitation characteristics in Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations during LIAISE‐2021	7
Decomposing the role of dry intrusions for ocean evaporation during mistral	7
Comments on ‘Theoretical aspects of the size distribution of fog particles’	7
Dynamical propagation and growth mechanisms for convectively coupled equatorial Kelvin waves over the Indian Ocean	7
Forced trends and internal variability in climate change projections of extreme European windstorm frequency and severity	7
Non‐Gaussian variational data assimilation with reverse‐lognormal errors	7
Assessing the role of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation on the severe heatwave of May 2015 over India	7
Can lightning indicate genesis frequency of tropical cyclones over the South China Sea?	7
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Improving the short‐range forecast of storm surges in the southwestern Atlantic continental shelf using 4DEnSRF data assimilation	7
Extra predictability from a seamless approach for Asian summer monsoon precipitation from days to weeks	7
Potential‐temperature variance budget in a saturated coastal‐fog environment	7
Illustration of an object‐based approach to identify structural differences in tropical cyclone wind fields	7
On the genesis and dynamics of Madden–Julian oscillation‐like structure formed by equatorial adjustment of localized heating	7
Issue Information	7
Kriging‐variance‐based multi‐member ensembles of radar–rain‐gauge precipitation estimates: Application in Switzerland	7
Nonlinear diffusion‐limited two‐dimensional colliding‐plume simulations with very high‐order numerical approximations	7
On methods for assessment of the value of observations in convection‐permitting data assimilation and numerical weather forecasting	7
Too‐stable North Atlantic climate system in CMIP6 experiments undermines precipitation projections in Europe	7
A variational Bayesian approach for ensemble filtering of stochastically parametrized systems	7
Assimilating atmospheric motion vector winds using a feature track correction observation operator	7
Issue Information	7
Utility of thermal remote sensing for evaluation of a high‐resolution weather model in a city	7
Unique moisture transport under abnormal circulations for producing the extreme rainstorm over Beijing on July 31, 2023	7
The characterization and impact of Aeolus wind profile observations in NOAA's regional tropical cyclone model (HWRF)	7
Convergence of forecast distributions in a 100,000‐member idealised convective‐scale ensemble	7
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Spike formation on supercooled water droplets collected by micrometer ice crystals	7
Analyzing future marine cold spells in the tropical Indian Ocean: Insights from a regional Earth system model	7
Idealized study of representing spatial and temporal variations in the error contribution of surface emissivity for assimilating surface‐sensitive microwave radiance observations over land	7
Comparison of uncertainty quantification methods for cloud simulation	7
Data assimilation for nonlinear systems with a hybrid nonlinear Kalman ensemble transform filter	7
Large‐eddy simulations of drizzling shallow cumuli using a turbulence‐aware autoconversion parametrization	7
Temporal and spatial dynamics of a local wind in Japan, “Kiyokawa‐dashi”: Insights from high‐density observations and numerical simulations	7
The relationship between precipitation and its spatial pattern in the trades observed during EUREC4A	6
On the intensification of typhoon Damrey with the monsoon gyre	6
Antarctic data impact experiments with Polar WRF during the YOPP‐SH summer special observing period	6
Joint estimation of sea ice and atmospheric state from microwave imagers in operational weather forecasting	6
Changes in extreme precipitation in Taiwan's Mei‐yu season	6
Studies of relative contributions of internal gravity waves and 2‐D turbulence to tropospheric and lower‐stratospheric temporal wind spectra measured by a network of VHF windprof	6
Tropical tropospheric warming pattern explained by shifts in convective heating in the Matsuno–Gill model	6
A microwave temperature sounder (MWTS)–microwave humidity sounder fusion cloud detection method for land data from the FengYun‐3D MWTS and its impact on error estimation	6
C‐POOL: A scheme for modelling convective cold pools in the Met Office Unified Model	6
Ensemble‐based estimates of the impact of potential observations	6
The role of in situ ocean data assimilation in ECMWF subseasonal forecasts of sea‐surface temperature and mixed‐layer depth over the tropical Pacific ocean	6
Impact of ocean data assimilation on the sub‐polar North Atlantic in MPI‐ESM	6
On the thermodynamic invariance of fine‐grain and coarse‐grain fluid models	6
A conditional decomposition of proper scores: quantifying the sources of information in a forecast	6
Towards a new generation of artificial‐intelligence‐based infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer retrievals of surface temperature: Part I – Methodology	6
Parametrizing the mesoscale enhancement of oceanic surface turbulent fluxes: A physical–statistical approach	6
A balanced model of a hurricane vortex coupled to a boundary layer	6
Northern Hemisphere extratropical cyclone biases in ECMWF subseasonal forecasts	6
A high‐resolution climatological study of explosive cyclones in the Mediterranean region: Frequency, intensity and synoptic drivers	6
Can a climate model successfully diagnose clear‐air turbulence and its response to climate change?	6
Large model biases in the Pacific centre of the Northern Annular Mode due to exaggerated variability of the Aleutian Low	6
Relative contributions of local heat storage and ocean heat transport to cold‐season Arctic Ocean surface energy fluxes in CMIP6 models	6
Physics–dynamics–chemistry coupling across different meshes in LFRic‐Atmosphere: Formulation and idealised tests	6
A station‐based evaluation of near‐surface south foehn evolution in COSMO‐1	6
Impact of Aeolus wind lidar observations on the representation of the West African monsoon circulation in the ECMWF and DWD forecasting systems	6
The horizontal and vertical controls on the thermal structure of the tropical troposphere	6
The impact of aerosols and model grid spacing on a supercell storm from Swabian MOSES 2021	6
An assessment of Arctic diurnal water‐vapour cycles in Canada's weather forecast model and ERA5	6
Analysis of MTG‐IRS observations and general channel selection for numerical weather prediction models	6
Satellite signature of the instantaneous wind response to mesoscale oceanic thermal structures	6
On the indices of the normal modes of Laplace's tidal equations for zonal wavenumber zero	6
Compositions of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of precipitation in Xiamen, southeast China coast: Seasonal variations, synoptic processes, and typhoons impact	6
How inaccurate offshore wind observations impact the quality of operational numerical weather prediction	6
Investigation of the trigger perturbation for a simulated case of arctic oscillation transition using initial‐condition perturbation denial experiments	6
A case study analysis of the impact of a new free tropospheric turbulence scheme on the dispersion of an atmospheric tracer	6
Microphysical mechanisms of wintertime postfrontal precipitation enhancement over the Australian Snowy Mountains	6
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The capability of 20th‐century reanalyses to reproduce the spatiotemporal variation in surface incident solar radiation over Japan for 1931–2010	6
The hectometric modelling challenge: Gaps in the current state of the art and ways forward towards the implementation of 100‐m scale weather and climate models	5
Grey‐zone simulations of shallow‐to‐deep convection transition using dynamic subgrid‐scale turbulence models	5
Investigating the precipitation features of monsoon deep depressions over the Bay of Bengal using high‐resolution stand‐alone and coupled simulations	5
Sensitivity of low‐tropospheric Arctic temperatures to assimilation of AIRS cloud‐cleared radiances: Impact on midlatitude waves	5
Latent space data assimilation by using deep learning	5
Resolution dependence of the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer in global storm‐resolving climate simulations	5
Understanding the characteristics of microphysical processes in the rapid intensity changes of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal	5
Introduction to the QJ@150 Anniversary Collection	5
Evaluation of video evidence of possible ball lightning	5
Northward propagation of convection over the Indian region in multiphysics multimodel ensemble	5
Dynamics of diabatically forced anticyclonic plumes in the stratosphere	5
Quasi‐biennial oscillation impacts on Madden–Julianoscillation‐associatedtropical–extratropical interactions and Kelvin waves	5
Lead‐time‐continuous statistical postprocessing of ensemble weather forecasts	5
Strong temperature falls as a cold frontal metric in Australian station observations, reanalyses and climate models	5
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A scoring framework for tiered warnings and multicategorical forecasts based on fixed risk measures	5
Thermodynamically consistent versions of approximations used in modelling moist air	5
Understanding the relationship of storm‐ to large‐scale environment in the monsoon trough region: results inferred from long‐term radar and reanalysis datasets	5
Is a more physical representation of aerosol chemistry needed for fog forecasting?	5
A surface pressure tendency equation incorporating hydrometeors and its preliminary application in tropical cyclones	5
Irrigation contrasts through the morning transition	5
Sources of predictability of synoptic‐scale rainfall during the West African summer monsoon	5
Spatial variability of forward modelled attenuated backscatter in clear‐sky conditions over a megacity: Implications for observation network design	5
Comparison of multivariate post‐processing methods using global ECMWF ensemble forecasts	5
Flow dependence of forecast uncertainty in a large convection‐permitting ensemble	5
Misalignment between the propagation direction of the bora wind and its pulsations	5
Identifying and characterising trapped lee waves using deep learning techniques	5
Assessing observation network design predictions for monitoring Antarctic surface temperature	5
Machine learning based post‐processing of model‐derived near‐surface air temperature – A multimodel approach	5
Influence of trends on subseasonal temperature prediction skill	5
Seasonal and regional variation in drop size distributions for different types of rain over northeastern and eastern parts of India	5
Benefit of assimilating satellite all‐sky infrared radiances on the cloud and precipitation prediction of a long‐lasting mesoscale convective system over the Tibetan plateau	5