Thorax

Papers
(The TQCC of Thorax is 12. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2020-05-01 to 2024-05-01.)
ArticleCitations
‘Long-COVID’: a cross-sectional study of persisting symptoms, biomarker and imaging abnormalities following hospitalisation for COVID-19575
Patient outcomes after hospitalisation with COVID-19 and implications for follow-up: results from a prospective UK cohort398
Respiratory follow-up of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia247
COVID-19, immunothrombosis and venous thromboembolism: biological mechanisms220
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and asymptomatic viral carriage in healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study219
Arterial and venous thromboembolism in COVID-19: a study-level meta-analysis203
Persistent symptoms 1.5–6 months after COVID-19 in non-hospitalised subjects: a population-based cohort study201
COVID-19: in the footsteps of Ernest Shackleton140
Cigarette smoke exposure and alveolar macrophages: mechanisms for lung disease135
Pulmonary fibrosis 4 months after COVID-19 is associated with severity of illness and blood leucocyte telomere length133
A telerehabilitation programme in post-discharge COVID-19 patients (TERECO): a randomised controlled trial131
A prospective study of 12-week respiratory outcomes in COVID-19-related hospitalisations129
Clinical and laboratory evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 lateral flow assays for use in a national COVID-19 seroprevalence survey126
Smoking and COVID-19 outcomes: an observational and Mendelian randomisation study using the UK Biobank cohort121
Upper respiratory viral load in asymptomatic individuals and mildly symptomatic patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection110
Current smoking and COVID-19 risk: results from a population symptom app in over 2.4 million people91
Respiratory epithelial cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-1989
BTS Clinical Statement on pulmonary sarcoidosis89
Macrophage-derived exosomes attenuate fibrosis in airway epithelial cells through delivery of antifibrotic miR-142-3p86
Characterisation of patients with severe asthma in the UK Severe Asthma Registry in the biologic era84
Systematic review and meta-analysis of anakinra, sarilumab, siltuximab and tocilizumab for COVID-1984
Physical, cognitive and mental health outcomes in 1-year survivors of COVID-19-associated ARDS80
Managing intensive care admissions when there are not enough beds during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review77
Eosinophilic inflammation in COPD: from an inflammatory marker to a treatable trait74
Derivation of a prototype asthma attack risk scale centred on blood eosinophils and exhaled nitric oxide69
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on emergency asthma admissions and deaths: national interrupted time series analyses for Scotland and Wales68
Impact of COVID-19 national lockdown on asthma exacerbations: interrupted time-series analysis of English primary care data65
Decrease in hospital admissions for respiratory diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide claims study64
High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy to treat patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure consequent to SARS-CoV-2 infection63
Severe organising pneumonia following COVID-1960
Awake prone positioning in COVID-1959
Night shift work is associated with an increased risk of asthma58
Development and validation of a prediction model for 30-day mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: the COVID-19 SEIMC score57
Neutrophils in asthma: the good, the bad and the bacteria57
Use of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in the diagnosis of SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19)57
Bacterial biofilms predominate in both acute and chronic human lung infections55
Variation in oral microbiome is associated with future risk of lung cancer among never-smokers51
Distinct cellular immune profiles in the airways and blood of critically ill patients with COVID-1950
Breathomics for the clinician: the use of volatile organic compounds in respiratory diseases50
Genome-wide association study across five cohorts identifies five novel loci associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis50
COVID-19 public health measures: a reduction in hospital admissions for COPD exacerbations50
Occupational and environmental risk factors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Australia: case–control study48
Latent class analysis-derived subphenotypes are generalisable to observational cohorts of acute respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective study47
Applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in respiratory medicine47
Infections due to dysregulated immunity: an emerging complication of cancer immunotherapy47
Risk factors for developing COVID-19: a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK)45
Night-to-night variability of respiratory events in obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis45
Shift work is associated with positive COVID-19 status in hospitalised patients45
Face coverings and mask to minimise droplet dispersion and aerosolisation: a video case study42
Association of the dysfunctional placentation endotype of prematurity with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression42
Severe respiratory viral infection induces procalcitonin in the absence of bacterial pneumonia41
Identifying patients at risk of post-discharge complications related to COVID-19 infection41
Non-invasive early exclusion of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after acute pulmonary embolism: the InShape II study41
Induction of ferroptosis-like cell death of eosinophils exerts synergistic effects with glucocorticoids in allergic airway inflammation40
Parenchymal lung abnormalities following hospitalisation for COVID-19 and viral pneumonitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis40
Balance impairment in individuals with COPD: a systematic review with meta-analysis39
Multicentre evaluation of two multiplex PCR platforms for the rapid microbiological investigation of nosocomial pneumonia in UK ICUs: the INHALE WP1 study38
The long term effect of pulmonary tuberculosis on income and employment in a low income, urban setting38
Pulmonary rehabilitation at a time of social distancing: prime time for tele-rehabilitation?38
Long-term survival following initiation of home non-invasive ventilation: a European study38
COPD assessment test for the evaluation of COVID-19 symptoms37
Maintenance tobramycin primarily affects untargeted bacteria in the CF sputum microbiome37
High-flow nasal oxygen versus conventional oxygen therapy in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and mild hypoxaemia: a randomised controlled trial35
Reliability of methods to estimate the fraction of inspired oxygen in patients with acute respiratory failure breathing through non-rebreather reservoir bag oxygen mask35
Aerosol emission from the respiratory tract: an analysis of aerosol generation from oxygen delivery systems35
Role of unfolded proteins in lung disease34
COVID-19 hospital activity and in-hospital mortality during the first and second waves of the pandemic in England: an observational study34
Genetically raised serum bilirubin levels and lung cancer: a cohort study and Mendelian randomisation using UK Biobank33
Functional respiratory imaging identifies redistribution of pulmonary blood flow in patients with COVID-1932
Effects of switching from a metered dose inhaler to a dry powder inhaler on climate emissions and asthma control: post-hoc analysis31
Recurrent TB: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence rates and the proportions of relapses and reinfections31
Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease: a randomised controlled equivalence trial30
Association between COPD exacerbations and lung function decline during maintenance therapy30
Blocking LOXL2 and TGFβ1 signalling induces collagen I turnover in precision-cut lung slices derived from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis29
COVID-19 vaccine-related interstitial lung disease: a case study29
Effects of exercise training in people with non-small cell lung cancer before lung resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis29
Minimum important difference of the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS in fibrotic interstitial lung disease29
Medical treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis29
Functional electrical stimulation in-bed cycle ergometry in mechanically ventilated patients: a multicentre randomised controlled trial28
High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy for outpatients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy: a randomised controlled trial28
Temperature variability and asthma hospitalisation in Brazil, 2000–2015: a nationwide case-crossover study28
Role of extracellular vesicles in chronic lung disease28
SARS-CoV-2 environmental contamination from hospitalised patients with COVID-19 receiving aerosol-generating procedures28
Effect of nusinersen on respiratory function in paediatric spinal muscular atrophy types 1–327
Liverpool Lung Project lung cancer risk stratification model: calibration and prospective validation27
British Thoracic Society Guideline for pleural disease27
COPD-derived fibroblasts secrete higher levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype proteins27
Epidemiology and prognostic factors of pleural empyema27
Analysis of lung cancer risk model (PLCOM2012 and LLPv2) performance in a community-based lung cancer screening programme27
Relationship between asthma and severe COVID-19: a national cohort study27
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between urinary zinc and lung function among urban adults in China26
Inhibition of mast cells: a novel mechanism by which nintedanib may elicit anti-fibrotic effects26
Validity and responsiveness of the Daily- and Clinical visit-PROactive Physical Activity in COPD (D-PPAC and C-PPAC) instruments26
Spirometry performed as part of the Manchester community-based lung cancer screening programme detects a high prevalence of airflow obstruction in individuals without a prior diagnosis of COPD26
Frailty after lung transplantation is associated with impaired health-related quality of life and mortality25
Tracking of lung function from 10 to 35 years after being born extremely preterm or with extremely low birth weight25
Oral nitrate supplementation to enhance pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD: ON-EPIC a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised parallel group study25
Performance at stair-climbing test is associated with postoperative complications after lung resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis25
Use of inhaled corticosteroids and risk of acquiringPseudomonas aeruginosain patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease25
Six-month and 12-month patient outcomes based on inflammatory subphenotypes in sepsis-associated ARDS: secondary analysis of SAILS-ALTOS trial25
Lung epithelial cells interact with immune cells and bacteria to shape the microenvironment in tuberculosis25
Short-term association among meteorological variation, outdoor air pollution and acute bronchiolitis in children in a subtropical setting25
Risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in asthma due to oral and inhaled corticosteroids: two population-based nested case-control studies25
Multiple, objectively measured sleep dimensions including hypoxic burden and chronic kidney disease: findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis25
Ambient air pollution exposure and chronic bronchitis in the Lifelines cohort24
Clinical phenotypes and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2, influenza, RSV and seven other respiratory viruses: a retrospective study using complete hospital data24
Sputum microbiota in adults with CF associates with response to inhaled tobramycin24
Early prognostication of COVID-19 to guide hospitalisation versus outpatient monitoring using a point-of-test risk prediction score24
Molecular epidemiology and clinical impact of rhinovirus infections in adults during three epidemic seasons in 11 European countries (2007–2010)24
Time to get serious about the detection and monitoring of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis24
International differences in lung cancer survival by sex, histological type and stage at diagnosis: an ICBP SURVMARK-2 Study23
Different responses of the oral, nasal and lung microbiomes to cigarette smoke23
Impact of lung function on cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors: a two sample bidirectional Mendelian randomisation study23
Increasing incidence of asbestosis worldwide, 1990–2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease study 201723
Burden of nosocomial COVID-19 in Wales: results from a multicentre retrospective observational study of 2508 hospitalised adults23
Transcriptome analysis of IPF fibroblastic foci identifies key pathways involved in fibrogenesis23
Asthma exacerbations are associated with a decline in lung function: a longitudinal population-based study23
Using a smartphone application maintains physical activity following pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD: a randomised controlled trial23
Neural ventilatory drive decline as a predominant mechanism of obstructive sleep apnoea events23
Histopathological findings in fatal COVID-19 severe acute respiratory syndrome: preliminary experience from a series of 10 Spanish patients23
Prospective validation of the 4C prognostic models for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol23
Small airway determinants of airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease22
Low vitamin D and risk of bacterial pneumonias: Mendelian randomisation studies in two population-based cohorts22
Self-management intervention to reduce pulmonary exacerbations by supporting treatment adherence in adults with cystic fibrosis: a randomised controlled trial22
Impact of chronic use of heat-not-burn cigarettes on oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation: the SUR-VAPES Chronic Study22
Delivering low-dose CT screening for lung cancer: a pragmatic approach22
BTS Clinical Statement on air travel for passengers with respiratory disease22
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on asthma control in patients with vitamin D deficiency: the ACVID randomised clinical trial22
Adaptive servo ventilation for sleep apnoea in heart failure: the FACE study 3-month data22
Ambient heat exposure and COPD hospitalisations in England: a nationwide case-crossover study during 2007–201822
Bronchoscopic needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) as a real-time detection tool for peripheral lung cancer21
Survival after inpatient or outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: a multicentre retrospective cohort study21
Reduced lung function and health-related quality of life after treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis in Gambian children: a cross-sectional comparative study21
Lung microbiota predict invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and its outcome in immunocompromised patients21
Serum free testosterone and asthma, asthma hospitalisations and lung function in British adults21
Diagnostic sensitivity of pleural fluid cytology in malignant pleural effusions: systematic review and meta-analysis21
Longitudinal effects of ivacaftor and medicine possession ratio in people with theGly551Aspmutation: a 5-year study20
Respiratory exacerbations are associated with muscle loss in current and former smokers20
Cardiovascular disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review20
Effect of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on airway and systemic inflammation in cystic fibrosis20
Ambient PM2.5exposure and hospital cost and length of hospital stay for respiratory diseases in 11 cities in Shanxi Province, China20
Functional electrical stimulation‐assisted cycle ergometry-based progressive mobility programme for mechanically ventilated patients: randomised controlled trial with 6 months follow-up20
Effects of Wnt signaling on epithelial to mesenchymal transition in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp20
Pregnancy in lymphangioleiomyomatosis: clinical and lung function outcomes in two national cohorts19
‘If not TB, what could it be?’ Chest X-ray findings from the 2016 Kenya Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey19
Lung cancer probability and clinical outcomes of baseline and new subsolid nodules detected on low-dose CT screening19
Secondhand nicotine vaping at home and respiratory symptoms in young adults19
Rectal organoid morphology analysis (ROMA) as a promising diagnostic tool in cystic fibrosis19
Inhibition of PDIA3 in club cells attenuates osteopontin production and lung fibrosis18
Protective effect of club cell secretory protein (CC-16) on COPD risk and progression: a Mendelian randomisation study18
Hormonal contraception and the risk of severe asthma exacerbation: 17-year population-based cohort study18
Are mesenchymal stem cells and derived extracellular vesicles valuable to halt the COVID-19 inflammatory cascade? Current evidence and future perspectives18
Maintenance inhaler therapy preferences of patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a discrete choice experiment18
MTOR suppresses autophagy-mediated production of IL25 in allergic airway inflammation18
Tablet and web-based audiometry to screen for hearing loss in adults with cystic fibrosis18
Early-life risk factors for reversible and irreversible airflow limitation in young adults: findings from the BAMSE birth cohort18
A prospective longitudinal study of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia (APICAL)18
Unlocking the secrets of long non-coding RNAs in asthma18
BTS Clinical Statement on the prevention and management of community-acquired pneumonia in people with learning disability18
Peripheral blood leucocyte telomere length is associated with progression of interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis18
Pulse arrival time, a novel sleep cardiovascular marker: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis18
Pretreatment of aged mice with retinoic acid supports alveolar regeneration via upregulation of reciprocal PDGFA signalling17
Add-on azithromycin reduces sputum cytokines in non-eosinophilic asthma: an AMAZES substudy17
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells modulate response to experimental sepsis-induced lung injury via regulation of miR-27a-5p in recipient mice17
Joint patient and clinician priority setting to identify 10 key research questions regarding the long-term sequelae of COVID-1917
Respiratory symptoms and lung function in patients treated for pulmonary tuberculosis in Malawi: a prospective cohort study17
Greenness may improve lung health in low–moderate but not high air pollution areas: Seven Northeastern Cities’ study17
Endoplasmic reticulum-unfolded protein response signalling is altered in severe eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma17
Comparison of five major airflow limitation criteria to identify high-risk individuals with COPD: a contemporary population-based cohort17
Improved asthma control during the COVID-19 pandemic: are there lessons to be learnt?16
Supervised pulmonary rehabilitation using minimal or specialist exercise equipment in COPD: a propensity-matched analysis16
Renin-angiotensin system blocker and outcomes of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis16
Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: the tip or the iceberg?16
Tension pneumomediastinum in patients with COVID-1916
Non-invasive ventilation versus invasive weaning in critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis16
External validation of the QCovid risk prediction algorithm for risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality in adults: national validation cohort study in Scotland16
Diagnostic accuracy of focused deep venous, lung, cardiac and multiorgan ultrasound in suspected pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis16
Exercise as a substitute for traditional airway clearance in cystic fibrosis: a systematic review16
Blood eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin are associated with different asthma expression and evolution in adults16
Nasal versus oronasal masks for home non-invasive ventilation in patients with chronic hypercapnia: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis16
Characterisation of gas exchange in COPD with dissolved-phase hyperpolarised xenon-129 MRI16
Impact of smoking on the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: results from a nationwide population-based cohort study16
Effect of exposure to fine particulate matter during pregnancy and infancy on paediatric allergic rhinitis15
Use of preclinical models for malignant pleural mesothelioma15
Associations of CT evaluations of antigravity muscles, emphysema and airway disease with longitudinal outcomes in patients with COPD15
SZ alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and pulmonary disease: more like MZ, not like ZZ15
Longitudinal changes to quadriceps thickness demonstrate acute sarcopenia following admission to hospital for an exacerbation of chronic respiratory disease15
Eosinophilia and fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels in chronic obstructive lung disease15
Using molecular testing and whole-genome sequencing for tuberculosis diagnosis in a low-burden setting: a cost-effectiveness analysis using transmission-dynamic modelling15
Pleural recurrence after transthoracic needle lung biopsy in stage I lung cancer: a systematic review and individual patient-level meta-analysis15
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: clinical picture of COVID-19 and implications for research15
Airflow obstruction and small airway dysfunction following pulmonary tuberculosis: a cross-sectional survey15
Quantification of pulmonary perfusion in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with first pass dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI15
Attributable mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis and survival analysis using targeted minimum loss-based estimation15
Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, enhances airway mitochondrial DNA release and inflammation15
Long-term effect of asthma on the development of obesity among adults: an international cohort study, ECRHS15
Common idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis risk variants are associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis14
Cardiovascular outcomes in obstructive sleep apnoea and implications of clinical phenotyping on effect of CPAP treatment14
Global and regional burden of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease study 201914
Relationship between heart failure and the risk of acute exacerbation of COPD14
Asthma diagnosis: into the fourth dimension14
Caring for patients with COPD and COVID-19: a viewpoint to spark discussion14
DNA methylation is associated with airflow obstruction in patients living with HIV14
Observational UK cohort study to describe intermittent oral corticosteroid prescribing patterns and their association with adverse outcomes in asthma14
Elevated plasma level of Pentraxin 3 is associated with emphysema and mortality in smokers14
Ceramide and sphingosine-1 phosphate in COPD lungs14
A refresh of the top 10 research priorities in cystic fibrosis14
Inconsistent relationship between depth of sedation and intensive care outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis14
Selection of eligible participants for screening for lung cancer using primary care data13
COVID-19 and what comes after?13
Severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in preterm infants: a case of innate immaturity13
Respiratory and allergic outcomes among 5-year-old children exposed to pesticides13
Association between time-to-treatment and outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review13
Lung Screen Uptake Trial: results from a single lung cancer screening round13
Asthma and all-cause mortality in children and young adults: a population-based study13
Repeatability and sensitivity to change of non-invasive end points in PAH: the RESPIRE study13
Effect modification of greenness on PM2.5associated all-cause mortality in a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cohort13
Chr15q25 genetic variant (rs16969968) independently confers risk of lung cancer, COPD and smoking intensity in a prospective study of high-risk smokers13
Citizen science in the time of COVID-1913
ABCA3-related interstitial lung disease beyond infancy13
Lung cancer screening provides an opportunity for early diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung disease13
Airflow obstruction, impaired lung function and risk of sudden cardiac death: a prospective cohort study12
Pulmonary vascular proliferation in patients with severe COVID-19: an autopsy study12
Loss of immune homeostasis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension12
Assessing the impact of the 13 valent pneumococcal vaccine on childhood empyema in Australia12
SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse outcomes in users of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers: a nationwide case-control and cohort analysis12
Derivation and validation of a simple multidimensional index incorporating exercise capacity parameters for survival prediction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis12
Projecting the impact of triple CFTR modulator therapy on intravenous antibiotic requirements in cystic fibrosis using patient registry data combined with treatment effects from randomised trials12
Building a home ventilation programme: population, equipment, delivery and cost12
Skeletal muscle adiposity and outcomes in candidates for lung transplantation: a lung transplant body composition cohort study12
Grandmaternal smoking, asthma and lung function in the offspring: the Lifelines cohort study12
RAND appropriateness panel to determine the applicability of UK guidelines on the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and other strategies in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic12
Maternal asthma is associated with reduced lung function in male infants in a combined analysis of the BLT and BILD cohorts12
Use of oscillatory positive expiratory pressure (OPEP) devices to augment sputum clearance in COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis12
Selective androgen receptor modulation for muscle weakness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised control trial12
Risk and impact of chronic cough in obese individuals from the general population12
Nasopharyngeal lipidomic endotypes of infants with bronchiolitis and risk of childhood asthma: a multicentre prospective study12
Cost-effectiveness of outpatient versus inpatient non-invasive ventilation setup in obesity hypoventilation syndrome: the OPIP trial12
Associations of ultrafine and fine particles with childhood emergency room visits for respiratory diseases in a megacity12
Relative environmental and social disadvantage in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis12
Oxygen supplementation during exercise improves leg muscle fatigue in chronic fibrotic interstitial lung disease12
Incidence, treatment and survival of malignant pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma: a population-based study12
In vivo bronchial epithelial interferon responses are augmented in asthma on day 4 following experimental rhinovirus infection12
Role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in cigarette smoke-induced airways remodelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease12
Testing the effects of combining azithromycin with inhaled tobramycin forP. aeruginosain cystic fibrosis: a randomised, controlled clinical trial12
TMEM16A/ANO1 calcium-activated chloride channel as a novel target for the treatment of human respiratory syncytial virus infection12
Essential role of smooth muscle Rac1 in severe asthma-associated airway remodelling12
Five-year outcome of respiratory muscle weakness at intensive care unit discharge: secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study12
Longitudinal follow-up of postacute COVID-19 syndrome: DLCO, quality-of-life and MRI pulmonary gas-exchange abnormalities12
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