OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is 1. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-09-01 to 2025-09-01.)

Article	Citations
Guest Editorial Special Issue on Plasma-Assisted Technologies	88
Research on Solid-State Marx Generators for Low-Resistance Loads	57
Table of Contents	46
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Dimensional Parameters on Carbon-Nanotube-Coated Copper Plasma Limiter	43
Investigations on the Output System of 300-GHz Gyrotrons	32
Cherenkov Maser Amplifier	31
Design on Thin Wire of Wire Burn Test for the High Voltage Power Supply Breakdown	30
Assembly of an Additive Manufactured GRCop-84 Copper Alloy Lower Hybrid Current Drive Launcher Antenna With Pulsed 1070-nm Fiber Laser Welding	29
Oblique Propagation of Low-Frequency Solitary Waves in a Magnetized Polarized Complex Plasma With Adiabatically Trapped Nonthermal Ions	29
Development of a Collisional Radiative Model for Hydrogen-Cesium Plasmas and Its Application to SPIDER	29
Characteristics of the Output Voltage Generated by Switch Prefire in Multistage Linear Transformer Drivers	28
Operating Features of Assisted Hollow Electrode Discharge During Electron-Beam Evaporation of Aluminum in Oxygen in the Fore-Vacuum Pressure Range	28
THz Sensor With Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Tunability for Influenza Virus Detection	27
Experimental and Simulation Studies of the Effects of Nanosecond Pulse Frequency on the Dielectric Motion of BNNSs	27
Parametric Study of Cavity IEMP Responses in a Cylinder by Coupling Monte Carlo Method and 3-D Electromagnetic Particle-in-Cell Method	27
Effect of q-Nonextensively Distributed Plasma Electrons on Double Sheath Characteristics and Virtual Cathode Formation Associated With Electron Emitting Surfaces	27
Diagnostics Method for 2-D Velocity Distribution Function of Beam Deuterons Using Visible Light of Energetic ³He in Deuterium Plasmas	26
The Use of Passive Thermal Probes for the Determination of Energy Fluxes in Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas	26
Study of Shock Formation Parameters With Drive Conditions in Magnetically Accelerated Plasma Flows	25
High-Power Single-Cycle Terahertz Cherenkov Radiation Using a High-Charge Bunch to Drive Dielectric Prisms	25
The Distribution Characteristics of the Multiemitter Field-Effect Electric Propulsion Plume Under Different Working Conditions	25
Parameters of the Ion Flux Generated in a Vacuum Arc With a Dielectric Cathode in the First Minutes After Breakdown	25
Characterization of a Multicusp Ion Source With Two-Grid Extraction System for Studying Extraction and Transport of Ion Beam	25
A Control Method of Projectile Spinning Speed Based on Magnetic Field Vector Transformation in a Railgun	24
Phenomenological Studies for Optimizing Subsonic Underwater Discharges	23

Sensitivity Analysis for the Inductance Gradient of EMFY-3 Electromagnetic Launcher	23
Optimization of Hole and Slot, Slot, Vane, and Rising Sun Anode Structures of the Magnetron	22
A Bipolar Pulse Generator Without H-Bridge Controlled by a Magnetically Isolated Driver	22
Using Self-Triggered Sustaining Pre-Ionization to Obtain Nanosecond Jitter in a MV Pulsed Gas Switch	22
Structural Assessment of the DTT Cryostat Design	21
Developmental Studies on a Two-Stage Coilgun	21
Review, Simulation, and Comparison of Four Foldable Rectangular-Pulse Generators	20
The Influence of Different Wall Materials on Liquid Metal Current Limiter	20
Impact-Ionization Switching of High-Voltage Thyristors Connected in Parallel	20
Editorial	20
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Publication Information	20
Blank Page	20
Phase Transition Driven and Angle Multiplexed Broad/Narrowband THz Absorber	19
Performance Evaluation of Low-Voltage Capacitive Nonlinear Transmission Lines	19
Simulation of Proton Acceleration With Varying Laser Intensity in the Presence of Suprathermal Electrons	19
Enabling Ultraviolet Lasers for Touchless Spacecraft Potential Sensing	18
A Compact UV-Illuminated Three-Electrode Field-Distortion Gas Switch With Sub-Nanosecond Jitter	18
Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization for Design of Pareto-Optimal Current Drive Profiles in STEP	18
Design of a Peculiar TM₃₅ Transverse Mode THz Extended Interaction Oscillator for Multibeam kW-Class Operation	18
Design of a Wideband Highly Efficient Power Amplifier Using Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons Matching Structure	18
Design of Dielectric Loaded Interaction Structure for Q-Band Gyro-TWT	17
Effect of Flow Rate on the Characteristics of Atmospheric-Pressure AC Constant-Current Powered Gliding Arc Discharge	17
Control Strategy of Half-Bridge Three-Level LLC Resonant Converters With Wide Output Voltage Range	17
Dual Mode Terahertz Cross Polarization Converter Based Pesticide Sensor	17
Research on Dynamic Voltage Balancing of Series Connected Thyristors in Auxiliary Oscillation Zero-Crossing Circuit	17
Experimental Characterization of Arc Flash-Related Plasmas From Pulsed Power Supplies	17
Time Domain Expressions for the Current of a Dipole Probe in a Magnetized Plasma	17
Terahertz Localization and Filtering Effects in Two-Dimensional Disordered Scattering Structures	17
An Arbitrarily Multi-Feed VLF Linear Antenna in an Anisotropic Plasma	17
A 2-D Scanning Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Diplexing Leaky-Wave Antenna for Sensing Applications	17
Development of a 1-D Electrostatic Particle-in-Cell Code	17
High-Frequency Nanosecond Pulsed Magnetic Field Generator Utilizing Stacked Spiral Coil for Subcutaneous Tumor Ablation in Vivo	16
Approximate Analytical Method of Streamer Discharge: Mathematical Equation	16
Parallel SiC MOSFETs Marx Pulse Generator Based on Magnetic Induction Current Balance	16
Semi-Analytical Calculation Method for Eddy Current and Electromagnetic Force in Inductors of PPS System	16
Space Plasma Physics: A Review	15
Experimental Analysis of Beam Perturbation in a Planar Crossed-Field Structure	15
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Information for Authors	15
The Testing Equipment for Electron-Beam Exposure to Solutions of Organic Compounds	15
Optical Emission Spectra Characterization of Plasma Discharge During the Processing of Milk and Evaluation of its Quality Attributes	15
Behaviors and Mechanism of Electrical Breakdown in Short Vacuum Gaps Under Pulsed DC Voltage	15
Development of 120 kV and 60 kW Three Phase LCC Resonant Converter for Electron Beam Welding System	15
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Publication Information	15
Announcing the Twentieth Special Issue of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science on High-Power Microwave Generation, June 2026	14
Blank Page	14
TechRxiv: Share Your Preprint Research with the World!	14
IEEE Access	14
IEEE Access	14
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science	14
Search for Editor-in-Chief	14

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Information for Authors	13
Blank Page	13
A Charge Conserving Exponential Predictor Corrector FEMPIC Formulation for Relativistic Particle Simulations	13
Research on the Armature–Rail Dynamic Contact Characteristics of the Series Enhanced Electromagnetic Rail Launcher	13
Novel Method of Rebound Tailing Pulse (RTP) for Water Dissociation	13
Conception and Development of a Pulsed Microwave Applicator for Exposure of Fresh Microalgae Biomass	13
Nanosecond Dielectric Barrier Discharge (nsDBD) Device Characterization in In Vitro Biomedical Exposure Conditions	13
Nuclear Analysis for the Upper Ports in the NB Cell in ITER	13
Delay and Jitter Characteristics of Fast-Triggered Cold Cathode Switches and Their Discharge Circuits	13
Simulation Study of Effective Ways to Improve the Emission Performance of Channel-Type Multipacting Cathode	13
A New Scheme for Measuring the Electric Field of Nanosecond Short-Pulse Discharge Using E-Fish	13
The Twin-Probe Method: Improving Langmuir Probe Measurements on Small Spacecraft	13
A Power Combination System Based on Phase-Shifterless Scheme for Four Injection Locked S-Band Magnetrons	13
Effect of Encapsulation Shell on Launching Performance of Asynchronous Coil Launcher	12
Quantitative Investigation Nonequilibrium Inhomogeneous Plasma of the Heliosphere With Runaway Electrons	12
Design and Finite Element Simulation Research on a Brushless Air-Core Compensated Pulse Alternator With One Equivalent Pole-Pair	12
Development of Battery Cascade High-Voltage Charging Power Supply Based on Time-Sequence Encoding	12
Design of the Internal Fuse Dimension for HV Shunt Capacitor in UHV Transmission Projects	12
Design Considerations to Ensure Robustness of the ITER Diagnostics Residual Gas Analyzer	12
Analysis of a New Metamaterial-Loaded Helical Slow-Wave Structure for Vacuum Electron Device Applications	12
Table of Contents	12
Nonlinear Wave Synchronization in a Dusty Plasma Under Microgravity on the International Space Station (ISS)	12
Measurement of the Electron Density of a Wind-Tunnel Plasma Using a Double Flush-Mounted Probe	11
Metastable Controlled Plasma Profile in a Packed-Bed Microwave Plasma Reactor	11
Development and Testing of Variable Pulsewidth High-Voltage Generator for Generating High-Intense Electron Beam	11
Faraday Rotation Measurements in High-Energy-Density Plasmas Using Shaped Laser Beams	11
Small-Signal 1-D Model of Multistage Serpentine Waveguide Traveling Wave Tubes With Severs	11
Table of Contents	11
Modeling Graphene-Based THz Devices With an Improved Surface Boundary Condition in Leapfrog FDTD Scheme	11
Dual-Frequency-Inverse Free-Electron Laser Accelerator With Bi-Period Undulator	11
Characterization of Plasma Sheath Distribution and Electromagnetic Transport in Hypersonic Vehicles Under Multieffects Coupling	11
Optical Wave Microphone Measurement and Visualization of Pressure Waves Generated From a Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge Element Driven by a High-Voltage Pulse Power Supply	11
An Experimental Study on Sensorless Determination of the Projectile Position by Artificial Neural Network in Magnetic Launcher Systems	11
Railgun Armature and Barrel Cost Considerations	11
Deuterium Permeation Through a Self-Supported Palladium-Silver Membrane in Helium Gas Mixtures	11
Modular Optimization of a Fourth-Order Waveguide Filter With Parallel Coupling Paths	11
The Thermal Dissipation Characteristics Analysis of the Rotatable Circular Pantograph–Catenary System	11
Study of the π-Mode Operation in the Extended Interaction Circuit	11
Integrated Model of Neutral Beam Performance in a Fusion Neutron Source Tokamak	11
Electrostatic Probe Measurements in an Expanding Plasma Jet	11
Optimization of Trigger Strategy for Multistage Coil Launcher	11
Operation Features of a Nonself-Sustained Glow Discharge in a Tube Initiated by a Focused Electron Beam in the Forevacuum Pressure Range	11
Simulation of a High-Frequency Loading Machine for Railguns Utilizing Residual Electric Energy	11
Analysis of Circular Chamber Armatures With Different Initial Winding Angles	10
Study on Characteristics of Low-Temperature Subatmospheric Air Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge Under Square Wave Voltage	10
A Study of a 5.2-kV/100-mm Thyristor Triggered in Impact-Ionization Mode Toward Fast High-Current Applications	10
Compact and High-Efficiency Magnetron With All-Cavity Diffraction Output	10
Influence of Heat Treatments on the Near-Surface Tritium Concentration Profiles	10
Design Progress of Structural Components of the EU DEMO EC Equatorial Launcher	10
Workflow for the Assessment of ITER Plasma Control System Design	10
Analysis of a Hollow Electron Beam Focusing and Transmission	10
Characteristics of Low-Pressure Discharge in a Forevacuum Plasma Electron Source Using an Electrode System With Extended Hollow Cathode	10
Draining of Primary Cooling Circuits in Actively Cooled Reactor Components: Modeling the Electrostatic Residual Ion Dump of the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility	10
The Optimization Design for Suppression of CRAFT TF Magnet Power Converter Switching Overvoltage	10
A Tribute to Steven J. Gitomer (1942–2025)	10
Higher Order Harmonics Are Suppressed in RF Capacitively Coupled Ar Plasmas Using an External Impedance Circuit	10
Editorial Announcing 2022 TPS Best Paper Award	10
Function-Based Minimum Risk: Redesign of Robotic System in a Fusion Reactor	10
Design and Cold Test on the Slow Wave Structure of a Wide-Voltage Tuned and High-Power Extended Interaction Oscillator in W-Band	10
A Study on Particle Trajectory Error in Finite-Element Particle-in-Cell Algorithms	10
Thermal Effects of Low-Pressure Glow Discharge and Its Heat Transfer Through the Discharge Tube	10
Table of Contents	10
An Economic Real-Time Microwave Plasma Impedance Measurement Method	10
Effect of Transverse DC Magnetic Field on the Impedance Matching and Morphology of a Microwave Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet	9
3-D Simulation Study on Deep Dielectric Charging Characteristics of Satellite Slip Ring Assembly	9
Improving the Growth Rate of Lettuce Sativa Young Plants via Plasma-Activated Water Generated by Multitubular Dielectric Barrier Discharge Cold Plasma System	9
Investigations on a Triple-Band Metasurface Absorber as THz-Biomedical Sensor	9
Electrical Parameters of Nanosecond Dielectric Barrier Discharges (nsDBD)	9
2-D and 3-D Radiative Transfer Calculation in Arc Plasmas Burning in Environmentally Friendly High-Voltage Switchgear	9
Characterization of the Ba_(1–x)Sr_(x)(Zr_0.2Ti_0.8)O₃ Ceramic as a Nonlinear Capacitor for LC-Based Nonlinear Transmission Line	9
Skin Cancer Detection Using Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber and Machine Learning	9
Development of O-Mode Polarized V-Band Multichannel Poloidal Correlation Reflectometry on EAST Tokamak	9
Deep Neural Network-Assisted Efficient Calculation on CO₂ Pulsed Discharges Under Martian Pressure for Various Pulse Rise Rates	9
Langmuir Probe Measurements in a Dual-Frequency Capacitively Coupled rf Discharge	9
Influence of XLPS Roughness on Surface Flashover Characteristics in Vacuum Under Nanosecond Pulses	9
Frequency-Selective Characteristics of Plasma-Energy Selective Surface Structure in High-Power Microwave Protection	9
Development of Cascaded Power Converters for High-Voltage and Constant-Current Applications	9
10 Multiphysics Coupling Mechanism of Copper Vapor Diffusion–Extinction Vacuum Arc Plasma: Experiments, Simulations, and Theoretical Analysis	9
Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Electrical Discharges in Vacuum	8
Guest Editorial Special Issue on Plenary, Invited, and Selected Minicourse Papers From ICOPS 2023	8

Preliminary Development and Verification of Divertor Module for CFETR System Safety Analysis Code	8
Porcine Corneal Injuries and Investigation of Damage Thresholds of High-Frequency Terahertz Wave	8
Influence of Magnitude of Armature Interference on Static Contact Resistance	8
Design and Thermal Analysis of Magnetron Injection Gun for Dual-Band Gyroklystron	8
Design and Analysis of Liquid Lithium Plasma Facing Components	8
Multidirectional Observations of the High-Performance Plasmas by Visible Imaging Diagnostics on the HL-2M Tokamak	8
Visualization of a Toroidal Vortex Structure Forming in the Laboratory Ball Lightning of the Gatchina Discharge	8
Transactions on Plasma Science Publication Information	8
Note on the Breakdown Process and Preionization Mechanism in a Four-Electrode Self-Triggered Switch	8
Plasma Moses Effect: Production of Stationary Circular Holes in the Liquid Films by a DC Corona Discharge	8
A Terahertz Band TE₂₀^□ Mode Input/Output Coupling Structure for Dual-Sheet-Beam Traveling-Wave Tubes	8
Correction to “Examination of Excitation Temperature of Vacuum Arc Based on Collisional-Radiative Model” [Jun 21 1948-1954]	8
Supersonic Flow of Vacuum Arc Plasma in a Magnetic Field	8
High Current Operation of a Semi-Insulating Gallium Arsenide Photoconductive Semiconductor Switch Triggered by the Light Produced by a Spark Gap	8
Studies on Alternative Schemes for the MMC-Based Acceleration Grid Power Supply of DEMO Neutral Beam Injector	8
Particle-in-Cell Investigation on Temporal Flow and Expansion Behaviors of Deuterium-Titanium Plasmas From Ion Source to Expansion Cup	8
A Temperature Programmed Desorption Diagnostic for SPIDER Cs Operations	8
Transient Analysis of Absorption Characteristics of Argon Plasma Column Array Under High-Power Microwave Irradiation	8
Two-Dimensional Model of Supersonic Expansion Argon Plasma in Micro Hollow Cathode Discharge: A Comparison of Maxwellian and Non-Maxwellian EEDFs	8
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Information for Authors	8
Transitioning From Top–Down to Bottom–Up Cost Assessments in Fusion	8
Optimization of Electron Bunch Characteristics in Bubble Wakefield: Role of Different Linear Upward Density Ramp Profiles	8
Electrostatic Lenses for Laboratory Spacecraft Wake Generation	8
Electromagnetic Analysis of an Axially Periodic Disk-Loaded Slow-Wave Structure With Low-Loss Dielectric Filling Between Disks for a Magnetically Insulated Line Oscillator	8
Development of a Novel MCNP-OSCAR Fusion Interface for the 3-D Assessment of Gamma Dose Due to the Activated Corrosion Products	8
Modeling the Low-Pressure High-Voltage Branch of the Paschen Curve for Hydrogen and Deuterium	8
Hybrid Plasmas Generation Inside Dielectric Containers	8
Guest Editorial Special Issue on Z-Pinch Plasmas	8
Analysis of MTF for Optical Waves Propagation in Hypersonic Plasma Turbulence	8
Collected Current by a Double Langmuir Probe Setup With Plasma Flow	8
Implementation of a Novel Monte Carlo Radiation Transport Code for Modeling Nonthermal Fe Kα Line Generation in a Dense MagLIF Plasma	8
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Publication Information	8
Guest Editorial Special Issue: Selected Papers From the 29th IEEE Symposium on Fusion Engineering	8
Study of Solid-State Pulse Adder for Narrow Pulses Over Capacitive Load	8
Approximate Analytical Method of Streamer Discharge: Solutions	8
The Design and Experiments of the High Power Mirror Transmission System for Millimeter Wave Radiation	8
Table of Contents	8
Research on the Liquid Metal Bridge Formation Process at Contact Separation Moment of DC Air Circuit Breaker	8
Generalized Nonthermal Polarization Force Acting on Dust Particles in a Three-Component Nonextensive Complex Plasma	7
Blank Page	7
Research on the Spatial Distribution Mechanism of the EM Reflection Intensity of a Plasma-Sheath-Covered Target	7
Assessment of Stacked LSTM, Bidirectional LSTM, ConvLSTM2D, and Auto Encoders LSTM Time Series Regression Analysis at ADITYA-U Tokamak	7
Special Issue on the APSPT 2021	7
Evolutionary Stages of Envelope Soliton During Laser–Plasma Interaction	7
Formation Mechanism of Nano Silver Film by Laser Action on Particle-Free Complexed Silver Ion Ink	7
Table of Contents	7
Design and Experiment of a Flat-Plate Magnetic Reconnection Launcher With Multi-Layer Horizontal-Winding Rectangle Coil	7
Advances and Prospects of ECRH System on EAST	7
The Influence of the Effects of the Bound Electrons on the Ion Structural and Thermodynamic Properties	7
Transactions on Plasma Science	7
Inactivation Mechanisms of Pulsed Corona Discharge Plasma on Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus Phages	7
Explicit Particle Mover With Damping for Electrostatic Particle-In-Cell Simulations	7
Analysis of Arc Characteristics of C₄F₇N/CO₂ Mixed Gas Ring Main Unit	7
Errata to “Particle-in-Cell (PIC) Simulations of A6 “Classic” “1.58/2.11/4.11” Geometry Relativistic or High-Voltage Magnetron With Radial Output of Microwave Power: A Historical Overview From	7
Comparative Study of High-Voltage Isolated Filament Power Supply for Driving a High-Power Magnetron	7
On Electrostatic Spraying of Salty Tap-Water on a Flat Target	7
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science information for authors	7
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Information for Authors	7
Degradation of Rhodamine B and Methylene Blue by Underwater Dielectric Barrier Discharge	7
Influence of Insulation Support Spacing on Contact State Between Rotating Armature and Rail	7
Book Review	7
Dissociation of CO₂ by Argon Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet	7
Integral, Long Lifetime, Laser Diode Triggered Gas Switch Based on Light Initiated Multigate Switch	7
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Publication Information	7
Characteristics and Underlying Physics of Bipolar Corona Discharge of Floating Conductor	7
Dust-Acoustic Solitary Waves in an Electron-Depleted Nonthermal Magnetized Plasma	7
Thin Zr Film Deposition Using a Refractory Anode Vacuum Arc Plasma Source	7
Field-Circuit Coupled Simulation With an Equivalent Circuit Model for High-Voltage Spark Gaps	7
Characteristic Effects of Pulsed Power Generators of Different Architecture on the Implosion Dynamics of Mid-Atomic-Number Double Planar Wire Arrays	7
Determination of Tokamak Plasma Electrical Fluctuations using the Langmuir Probe [Withdrawn]	7
Calculation Magnetic Field of Toroidal Inductor Wound by Rectangular Cross-Section Wire	7
JET: 40 Successful Years of Fusion Research	7
Resonance Curves and Jump Frequencies in a Dual-Frequency Paul Trap on Account of Octopole Field Imperfection	7
Imaging of a High-Power Millimeter Wave Beam Using a Millimeter Wave-Induced Gas Breakdown Initiated by a Metal-Dielectric Screen	7
A Multi-Physic Field Lifetime Evaluation Formula for Insulators Under Pulsed Field and Mechanical Stress	7
A BP Neural Network Approach for Accurate Calculation of Time-Varying Inductance Gradient in ERL	7
Identification of Pollens From Polymer Particles Levitating in an RF Plasma by the Polarization Imaging Method	7
Large-Scale Carbon Nanowall Synthesis Using Upgraded ReSLAN Plasma Source	7
A Novel High Energy Efficiency Dual-Channel Microwave Plasma Jet Using Strip Line	7
An Improved Pulsed Power Supply Circuit for Reluctance Electromagnetic Launcher Based on Bridge-Type Capacitor Circuit	7
Analysis and Expansion of Measuring Method for Rail Heat in Electromagnetic Railgun	7
Comparing Study on Formation of Large Discharge Currents in Atmospheric Pulse-Modulated Radio Frequency Discharges	7
On the Structure of Plasma Jets in the Rotating Plasma Experiment	7
A Plasma Diagnosis Method for a Vacuum Arc Under Curved Contact	7
Study on the Heat Absorption Coefficient of Tungsten as the Plasma-Facing Material for the Upgraded EAST Lower Divertor	7
Numerical Studies on an Efficient Coaxial Superradiant Relativistic Backward Wave Oscillator With Low Magnetic Field	7
Commissioning Experiments at the Naval Postgraduate School Pulsed Power and EM Launch Laboratory	7
Reltron Oscillator for Long Pulse and High-Power RF Generation	7
Second-Generation Advanced Ultrahigh-Voltage Nanodielectric Capacitor Development, Fabrication, and Testing	7
Search for Editor-in-Chief	7
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Information for Authors	7
Transactions on Plasma Science	7
Influences of Partition Function Cutoff Versus Lowering of Ionization Energy on Spectroscopic Temperature Measurement in Aluminum Plasmas	7
Exploring Wide Working Coefficient of Trigatron Gas Switches: A Comparative Study With Different Trigger Structures	7
Structural Design Optimization and Prestress Simulation of the Laminate-Containment Launcher	7