IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering

Article	Citations
Combining Genetic Programming and Model Checking to Generate Environment Assumptions	466
Towards Scalable Model Checking of Reflective Systems via Labeled Transition Systems	461
50 Years of Transactions on Software Engineering	347
Confirmation Bias and Time Pressure: A Family of Experiments in Software Testing	290
To Do or Not to Do: Semantics and Patterns for Do Activities in UML PSSM State Machines	147
Multi-Granularity Detector for Vulnerability Fixes	141
A Retrospective on Whole Test Suite Generation: On the Role of SBST in the Age of LLMs	123
Can We Trust the Phone Vendors? Comprehensive Security Measurements on the Android Firmware Ecosystem	123
Influence of the 1990 IEEE TSE Paper “Automated Software Test Data Generation” on Software Engineering	100
Are Your Dependencies Code Reviewed?: Measuring Code Review Coverage in Dependency Updates	97
The Why, When, What, and How About Predictive Continuous Integration: A Simulation-Based Investigation	93
Socio-Technical Grounded Theory for Software Engineering	91
Mission Specification Patterns for Mobile Robots: Providing Support for Quantitative Properties	89
Grammar Based Directed Testing of Machine Learning Systems	87
What Leads to a Confirmatory or Disconfirmatory Behavior of Software Testers?	86
Review Dynamics and Their Impact on Software Quality	84
Prevent: An Unsupervised Approach to Predict Software Failures in Production	79
Theoretical and Empirical Analyses of the Effectiveness of Metamorphic Relation Composition	78
Automatic Fairness Testing of Neural Classifiers Through Adversarial Sampling	76
Enhancing Mobile App Bug Reporting via Real-Time Understanding of Reproduction Steps	75
A Declarative Metamorphic Testing Framework for Autonomous Driving	71
Recommending API Function Calls and Code Snippets to Support Software Development	68
DSSDPP: Data Selection and Sampling Based Domain Programming Predictor for Cross-Project Defect Prediction	66
Question Selection for Multimodal Code Search Synthesis Using Probabilistic Version Spaces	65
Answering Uncertain, Under-Specified API Queries Assisted by Knowledge-Aware Human-AI Dialogue	64

Do as You Say: Consistency Detection of Data Practice in Program Code and Privacy Policy in Mini-App	63
2023 Reviewers List	62
Measuring the Fidelity of a Physical and a Digital Twin Using Trace Alignments	61
Systematic Evaluation and Usability Analysis of Formal Methods Tools for Railway Signaling System Design	60
Mask–Mediator–Wrapper Architecture as a Data Mesh Driver	59
Mole: Efficient Crash Reproduction in Android Applications With Enforcing Necessary UI Events	57
Towards a Cognitive Model of Dynamic Debugging: Does Identifier Construction Matter?	57
The Impact of Surface Features on Choice of (in)Secure Answers by Stackoverflow Readers	56
A Theory of Pending Schemas in Combinatorial Testing	55
Neural Library Recommendation by Embedding Project-Library Knowledge Graph	54
T-Evos: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study on CI Test Execution and Failure	53
Trace Diagnostics for Signal-Based Temporal Properties	53
Multi-Objective Software Defect Prediction via Multi-Source Uncertain Information Fusion and Multi-Task Multi-View Learning	53
A Wizard of Oz Study Simulating API Usage Dialogues With a Virtual Assistant	51
Mitigating False Positive Static Analysis Warnings: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities	50
Multimodal Fusion for Android Malware Detection Based on Large Pre-Trained Models	50
Testing with Fewer Resources: An Adaptive Approach to Performance-Aware Test Case Generation	48
Automated Code Editing With Search-Generate-Modify	48
PerfJIT: Test-Level Just-in-Time Prediction for Performance Regression Introducing Commits	48
Esale: Enhancing Code-Summary Alignment Learning for Source Code Summarization	48
Enabling Good Work Habits in Software Developers through Reflective Goal-Setting	47
Robust Test Selection for Deep Neural Networks	46
GenMorph: Automatically Generating Metamorphic Relations via Genetic Programming	46
Mutation Testing in Practice: Insights From Open-Source Software Developers	46
Detecting Software Security Vulnerabilities Via Requirements Dependency Analysis	46
An Empirical Study of Refactoring Rhythms and Tactics in the Software Development Process	45
MASTER: Multi-Source Transfer Weighted Ensemble Learning for Multiple Sources Cross-Project Defect Prediction	44
A Systematic Review of IoT Systems Testing: Objectives, Approaches, Tools, and Challenges	44
Improving Vulnerability Inspection Efficiency Using Active Learning	44
MBL-CPDP: A Multi-objective Bilevel Method for Cross-Project Defect Prediction	43
Program Synthesis for Cyber-Resilience	43
API2Vec++: Boosting API Sequence Representation for Malware Detection and Classification	43
EpiTESTER: Testing Autonomous Vehicles With Epigenetic Algorithm and Attention Mechanism	43
Decision Support for Selecting Blockchain-Based Application Design Patterns With Layered Taxonomy and Quality Attributes	43
Human-in-the-Loop Automatic Program Repair	42
Generalized Coverage Criteria for Combinatorial Sequence Testing	42
Automatic Repair of Timestamp Comparisons	42
TransformCode: A Contrastive Learning Framework for Code Embedding via Subtree Transformation	42
Evolutionary generation of test suites for multi-path coverage of MPI programs with non-determinism	42
Discovering Reusable Functional Features in Legacy Object-Oriented Systems	42
Context-Aware Personalized Crowdtesting Task Recommendation	42
An Experience Report on Producing Verifiable Builds for Large-Scale Commercial Systems	42
A Faceted Taxonomy of Requirements Changes in Agile Contexts	41
Metric-Based Fault Prediction for Spreadsheets	41
Triple Peak Day: Work Rhythms of Software Developers in Hybrid Work	40
Can Clean New Code Reduce Technical Debt Density?	39
On the Understandability of MLOps System Architectures	39
How Should Software Engineering Secondary Studies Include Grey Material?	38
Legion: Massively Composing Rankers for Improved Bug Localization at Adobe	38
Pull Request Decisions Explained: An Empirical Overview	38

How Developers Choose Names	37
Formal Equivalence Checking for Mobile Malware Detection and Family Classification	37
An Empirical Study of C++ Vulnerabilities in Crowd-Sourced Code Examples	37
Annotative Software Product Line Analysis Using Variability-Aware Datalog	37
Leveraging Large Language Model for Automatic Patch Correctness Assessment	37
CODIT: Code Editing With Tree-Based Neural Models	37
LLMorpheus: Mutation Testing Using Large Language Models	36
“Estimating Software Project Effort Using Analogies”: Reflections After 28 Years	35
Pathidea: Improving Information Retrieval-Based Bug Localization by Re-Constructing Execution Paths Using Logs	35
Revisiting Test Impact Analysis in Continuous Testing From the Perspective of Code Dependencies	34
What Drives and Sustains Self-Assignment in Agile Teams	34
Automated Commit Message Generation With Large Language Models: An Empirical Study and Beyond	33
CloudRaid: Detecting Distributed Concurrency Bugs via Log Mining and Enhancement	33
A Study of Call Graph Construction for JVM-Hosted Languages	33
Specializing Neural Networks for Cryptographic Code Completion Applications	33
Quantitative Verification for Monitoring Event-Streaming Systems	33
Detecting Continuous Integration Skip Commits Using Multi-Objective Evolutionary Search	33
A Study About the Knowledge and Use of Requirements Engineering Standards in Industry	33
How Do Developers Structure Unit Test Cases? An Empirical Analysis of the AAA Pattern in Open Source Projects	32
Experimental Evaluation of Test-Driven Development With Interns Working on a Real Industrial Project	32
Increasing the Confidence of Deep Neural Networks by Coverage Analysis	32
Studying Ad Library Integration Strategies of Top Free-to-Download Apps	31
Evaluating and Improving Unified Debugging	31
Automated Refactoring of Non-Idiomatic Python Code With Pythonic Idioms	30
Nighthawk: Fully Automated Localizing UI Display Issues via Visual Understanding	30
Retrieval-Augmented Fine-Tuning for Improving Retrieve-and-Edit Based Assertion Generation	30
Continuously Managing NFRs: Opportunities and Challenges in Practice	30
Test Flakiness Across Programming Languages	30
Evaluation of Static Vulnerability Detection Tools With Java Cryptographic API Benchmarks	30
SigRec: Automatic Recovery of Function Signatures in Smart Contracts	30
Mind the Gap! A Study on the Transferability of Virtual Versus Physical-World Testing of Autonomous Driving Systems	29
DAppSCAN: Building Large-Scale Datasets for Smart Contract Weaknesses in DApp Projects	29
Data Quality Matters: A Case Study on Data Label Correctness for Security Bug Report Prediction	29
Microservice Extraction Based on a Comprehensive Evaluation of Logical Independence and Performance	29
Watch Out for Extrinsic Bugs! A Case Study of Their Impact in Just-In-Time Bug Prediction Models on the OpenStack Project	29
Empirical Validation of Automated Vulnerability Curation and Characterization	29
Effect of Requirements Analyst Experience on Elicitation Effectiveness: A Family of Quasi-Experiments	28
Just-In-Time Obsolete Comment Detection and Update	28
Optimization of Software Release Planning Considering Architectural Dependencies, Cost, and Value	28
From Executable Specifications to Hard-to-Specify Requirements: Challenges in Describing Reactive System Behavior	28
Understanding the Robustness of Transformer-Based Code Intelligence via Code Transformation: Challenges and Opportunities	28
The Analysis of Safety Critical Software Systems	28
Exploiting Natural Language Structures in Software Informal Documentation	27
A Systematic Study on Real-World Android App Bundles	27
An Empirical Study of Model-Agnostic Techniques for Defect Prediction Models	27
NumScout: Unveiling Numerical Defects in Smart Contracts Using LLM-Pruning Symbolic Execution	27
Provably Valid and Diverse Mutations of Real-World Media Data for DNN Testing	27
CRPWarner: Warning the Risk of Contract-Related Rug Pull in DeFi Smart Contracts	26
Line-Level Defect Prediction by Capturing Code Contexts With Graph Convolutional Networks	26
Cross-Language Taint Analysis: Generating Caller-Sensitive Native Code Specification for Java	26
FlakyFix: Using Large Language Models for Predicting Flaky Test Fix Categories and Test Code Repair	26
Scrutinizing Implementations of Smart Home Integrations	26
Are You Still Working on This? An Empirical Study on Pull Request Abandonment	26
STRE: An Automated Approach to Suggesting App Developers When to Stop Reading Reviews	26
Assessing Evaluation Metrics for Neural Test Oracle Generation	26
A Chaos Engineering System for Live Analysis and Falsification of Exception-Handling in the JVM	26
ASTRAEA: Grammar-based Fairness Testing	26
A Qualitative Study of the Benefits and Costs of Logging From Developers’ Perspectives	26
The Effectiveness of Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms in Predicting Software Refactoring	26
Efficient Summary Reuse for Software Regression Verification	26
Why My App Crashes? Understanding and Benchmarking Framework-Specific Exceptions of Android Apps	25
Deconstructing the Nature of Collaboration in Organizations Open Source Software Development: The Impact of Developer and Task Characteristics	25
Explaining Static Analysis With Rule Graphs	25
Improving Cross-Language Code Clone Detection via Code Representation Learning and Graph Neural Networks	25
Predicting Defective Lines Using a Model-Agnostic Technique	25
Predictive Comment Updating With Heuristics and AST-Path-Based Neural Learning: A Two-Phase Approach	25
On the Validity of Pre-Trained Transformers for Natural Language Processing in the Software Engineering Domain	25
Sentinel: A Hyper-Heuristic for the Generation of Mutant Reduction Strategies	24
SmartOracle: Generating Smart Contract Oracle via Fine-Grained Invariant Detection	24
Diversity-Oriented Testing for Competitive Game Agent via Constraint-Guided Adversarial Agent Training	24
iTCRL: Causal-Intervention-Based Trace Contrastive Representation Learning for Microservice Systems	24
A Survey on the Use of Computer Vision to Improve Software Engineering Tasks	24
Automated Use-After-Free Detection and Exploit Mitigation: How Far Have We Gone?	24
Hashing Fuzzing: Introducing Input Diversity to Improve Crash Detection	24
A Grounded Theory of Cross-Community SECOs: Feedback Diversity Versus Synchronization	24
A Comparison of Natural Language Understanding Platforms for Chatbots in Software Engineering	24
A Variability Fault Localization Approach for Software Product Lines	23
Automated Infrastructure as Code Program Testing	23
Domain-Driven Design for Microservices: An Evidence-Based Investigation	23
Beyond Literal Meaning: Uncover and Explain Implicit Knowledge in Code Through Wikipedia-Based Concept Linking	23

Range Specification Bug Detection in Flight Control System Through Fuzzing	23
Mithra: Anomaly Detection as an Oracle for Cyberphysical Systems	23
Parameterized Verification of Leader/Follower Systems via Arithmetic Constraints	22
Let’s Talk With Developers, Not About Developers: A Review of Automatic Program Repair Research	22
Forecasting the Principal of Code Technical Debt in JavaScript Applications	22
Syntactic Versus Semantic Similarity of Artificial and Real Faults in Mutation Testing Studies	22
ArchHypo: Managing Software Architecture Uncertainty Using Hypotheses Engineering	22
Practical Mutation Testing at Scale: A view from Google	22
How Templated Requirements Specifications Inhibit Creativity in Software Engineering	22
Unearthing Gas-Wasting Code Smells in Smart Contracts With Large Language Models	22
Restore: Retrospective Fault Localization Enhancing Automated Program Repair	21
PopArt: Ranked Testing Efficiency	21
Do Pretrained Language Models Indeed Understand Software Engineering Tasks?	21
Towards More Precise Coincidental Correctness Detection With Deep Semantic Learning	21
RefactoringMiner 2.0	21
Retrospective on: Constraint-Based Automatic Test Data Generation	21
Stakeholder Preference Extraction From Scenarios	21
Accelerating Finite State Machine-Based Testing Using Reinforcement Learning	20
Verification of Fuzzy Decision Trees	20
Clopper-Pearson Algorithms for Efficient Statistical Model Checking Estimation	20
Reuse of Similarly Behaving Software Through Polymorphism-Inspired Variability Mechanisms	20
SCAnoGenerator: Automatic Anomaly Injection for Ethereum Smart Contracts	20
Engineering Within Boundaries When Software Has None	20
PATEN: Identifying Unpatched Third-Party APIs via Fine-Grained Patch-Enhanced AST-Level Signature	20
Studying the Influence and Distribution of the Human Effort in a Hybrid Fitness Function for Search-Based Model-Driven Engineering	20
Evaluating SZZ Implementations: An Empirical Study on the Linux Kernel	20
Easy-to-Deploy API Extraction by Multi-Level Feature Embedding and Transfer Learning	20
Do Chase Your Tail! Missing Key Aspects Augmentation in Textual Vulnerability Descriptions of Long-Tail Software Through Feature Inference	20
TkT: Automatic Inference of Timed and Extended Pushdown Automata	20
Learning to Predict User-Defined Types	19
Does Treatment Adherence Impact Experiment Results in TDD?	19
Boosting Generalizable Fairness with Mahalanobis Distances Guided Boltzmann Exploratory Testing	19
Enhancing Trustability of Android Applications via User-Centric Flexible Permissions	19
Comparative Analysis of Constraint Handling Techniques for Constrained Combinatorial Testing	19
Emerging App Issue Identification via Online Joint Sentiment-Topic Tracing	19
The Human Side of Software Engineering Teams: An Investigation of Contemporary Challenges	19
Multitask-Based Evaluation of Open-Source LLM on Software Vulnerability	19
Active Code Learning: Benchmarking Sample-Efficient Training of Code Models	18
Software Testing With Large Language Models: Survey, Landscape, and Vision	18
Concretization of Abstract Traffic Scene Specifications Using Metaheuristic Search	18
Examiner-Pro: Testing Arm Emulators Across Different Privileges	18
Utilizing Automatic Query Reformulations as Genetic Operations to Improve Feature Location in Software Models	18
Generating Structurally Realistic Models With Deep Autoregressive Networks	18
Defining Smart Contract Defects on Ethereum	18
Dealing With Data Challenges When Delivering Data-Intensive Software Solutions	18
Fast and Precise Static Null Exception Analysis With Synergistic Preprocessing	18
How Software Developers Mitigate Their Errors When Developing Code	18
Runtime Evolution of Bitcoin's Consensus Rules	18
Stealthy Backdoor Attack for Code Models	18
Darcy: Automatic Architectural Inconsistency Resolution in Java	18
Heuristic and Neural Network Based Prediction of Project-Specific API Member Access	18
An Assessment of Rules of Thumb for Software Phase Management, and the Relationship Between Phase Effort and Schedule Success	18
AddressWatcher: Sanitizer-Based Localization of Memory Leak Fixes	17
A Theory of Value for Value-Based Feature Selection in Software Engineering	17
A Procedure to Continuously Evaluate Predictive Performance of Just-In-Time Software Defect Prediction Models During Software Development	17
IntRepair: Informed Repairing of Integer Overflows	17
Static Profiling of Alloy Models	17
A Retrospective of Proving the Correctness of Multiprocess Programs	17
On the Workflows and Smells of Leaderboard Operations (LBOps): An Exploratory Study of Foundation Model Leaderboards	17
Enforcing Correctness of Collaborative Business Processes Using Plans	17
Comparing Block-Based Programming Models for Two-Armed Robots	17
DaNuoYi: Evolutionary Multi-Task Injection Testing on Web Application Firewalls	17
Malo in the Code Jungle: Explainable Fault Localization for Decentralized Applications	16
Reading Answers on Stack Overflow: Not Enough!	16
Factors Affecting On-Time Delivery in Large-Scale Agile Software Development	16
Active Learning of Discriminative Subgraph Patterns for API Misuse Detection	16
A Search-Based Testing Approach for Deep Reinforcement Learning Agents	16
FlexFL: Flexible and Effective Fault Localization With Open-Source Large Language Models	16
MultiPL-E: A Scalable and Polyglot Approach to Benchmarking Neural Code Generation	16
Automatic Generation of Acceptance Test Cases From Use Case Specifications: An NLP-Based Approach	16
A Framework for Emotion-Oriented Requirements Change Handling in Agile Software Engineering	16
RNN-Test: Towards Adversarial Testing for Recurrent Neural Network Systems	16
Isolating Compiler Faults Through Differentiated Compilation Configurations	16
Finding Trends in Software Research	16
Empirical Assessment of Multimorphic Testing	15
Obstacle Analysis in Requirements Engineering: Retrospective and Emerging Challenges	15
Software Architecture Description Revisited	15
Let's Go to the Whiteboard (Again): Perceptions From Software Architects on Whiteboard Architecture Meetings	15
Robotic Visual GUI Testing for Truly Non-Intrusive Test Automation of Touch Screen Applications	15
IoTCom: Dissecting Interaction Threats in IoT Systems	15
Distilling Quality Enhancing Comments From Code Reviews to Underpin Reviewer Recommendation	15
Retrospective: Data Mining Static Code Attributes to Learn Defect Predictors	15
PackHunter: Recovering Missing Packages for C/C++ Projects	15
What Do Programmers Discuss About Blockchain? A Case Study on the Use of Balanced LDA and the Reference Architecture of a Domain to Capture Online Discussions About Blockchain Platforms Across Stack E	15
FairMask: Better Fairness via Model-Based Rebalancing of Protected Attributes	15
Stability in Software Engineering: Survey of the State-of-the-Art and Research Directions	15
Neural Transfer Learning for Repairing Security Vulnerabilities in C Code	15
Using Symbolic States to Infer Numerical Invariants	15
A Retrospective on Mining Version Histories to Guide Software Changes	15
Consistent Local-First Software: Enforcing Safety and Invariants for Local-First Applications	15
TrinityRCL: Multi-Granular and Code-Level Root Cause Localization Using Multiple Types of Telemetry Data in Microservice Systems	15
Inferring Bug Signatures to Detect Real Bugs	15
Pride: Prioritizing Documentation Effort Based on a PageRank-Like Algorithm and Simple Filtering Rules	15
Safety and Performance, Why Not Both? Bi-Objective Optimized Model Compression Against Heterogeneous Attacks Toward AI Software Deployment	15
Taming Android Fragmentation through Lightweight Crowdsourced Testing	14