IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering

Article	Citations
Combining Genetic Programming and Model Checking to Generate Environment Assumptions	471
Towards Scalable Model Checking of Reflective Systems via Labeled Transition Systems	469
50 Years of Transactions on Software Engineering	374
Confirmation Bias and Time Pressure: A Family of Experiments in Software Testing	296
To Do or Not to Do: Semantics and Patterns for Do Activities in UML PSSM State Machines	159
Can We Trust the Phone Vendors? Comprehensive Security Measurements on the Android Firmware Ecosystem	146
Just-in-time Prediction of Software Architectural Changes through Commit-level Analyses	134
Automatic Fairness Testing of Neural Classifiers Through Adversarial Sampling	124
Mission Specification Patterns for Mobile Robots: Providing Support for Quantitative Properties	105
A Retrospective on Whole Test Suite Generation: On the Role of SBST in the Age of LLMs	102
Are Your Dependencies Code Reviewed?: Measuring Code Review Coverage in Dependency Updates	95
Influence of the 1990 IEEE TSE Paper “Automated Software Test Data Generation” on Software Engineering	95
The Why, When, What, and How About Predictive Continuous Integration: A Simulation-Based Investigation	94
What Leads to a Confirmatory or Disconfirmatory Behavior of Software Testers?	93
Grammar Based Directed Testing of Machine Learning Systems	93
Review Dynamics and Their Impact on Software Quality	86
Theoretical and Empirical Analyses of the Effectiveness of Metamorphic Relation Composition	82
Enhancing Mobile App Bug Reporting via Real-Time Understanding of Reproduction Steps	79
A Declarative Metamorphic Testing Framework for Autonomous Driving	78
Question Selection for Multimodal Code Search Synthesis Using Probabilistic Version Spaces	77
Answering Uncertain, Under-Specified API Queries Assisted by Knowledge-Aware Human-AI Dialogue	74
Do as You Say: Consistency Detection of Data Practice in Program Code and Privacy Policy in Mini-App	72
Multi-Granularity Detector for Vulnerability Fixes	67
Recommending API Function Calls and Code Snippets to Support Software Development	66
Socio-Technical Grounded Theory for Software Engineering	65

Prevent: An Unsupervised Approach to Predict Software Failures in Production	63
DSSDPP: Data Selection and Sampling Based Domain Programming Predictor for Cross-Project Defect Prediction	63
Enhancing Project-Specific Code Completion by Inferring Internal API Information	63
2023 Reviewers List	60
Systematic Evaluation and Usability Analysis of Formal Methods Tools for Railway Signaling System Design	59
An Empirical Study of Refactoring Rhythms and Tactics in the Software Development Process	59
Enabling Good Work Habits in Software Developers through Reflective Goal-Setting	59
Mask–Mediator–Wrapper Architecture as a Data Mesh Driver	58
Mole: Efficient Crash Reproduction in Android Applications With Enforcing Necessary UI Events	58
The Impact of Surface Features on Choice of (in)Secure Answers by Stackoverflow Readers	56
Towards a Cognitive Model of Dynamic Debugging: Does Identifier Construction Matter?	56
A Theory of Pending Schemas in Combinatorial Testing	56
T-Evos: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study on CI Test Execution and Failure	55
Trace Diagnostics for Signal-Based Temporal Properties	53
A Wizard of Oz Study Simulating API Usage Dialogues With a Virtual Assistant	52
Multimodal Fusion for Android Malware Detection Based on Large Pre-Trained Models	52
Neural Library Recommendation by Embedding Project-Library Knowledge Graph	51
GenMorph: Automatically Generating Metamorphic Relations via Genetic Programming	50
Robust Test Selection for Deep Neural Networks	50
Testing with Fewer Resources: An Adaptive Approach to Performance-Aware Test Case Generation	49
Automated Code Editing With Search-Generate-Modify	48
Multi-Objective Software Defect Prediction via Multi-Source Uncertain Information Fusion and Multi-Task Multi-View Learning	47
Mutation Testing in Practice: Insights From Open-Source Software Developers	47
Esale: Enhancing Code-Summary Alignment Learning for Source Code Summarization	47
Mitigating False Positive Static Analysis Warnings: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities	47
Detecting Software Security Vulnerabilities Via Requirements Dependency Analysis	46
PerfJIT: Test-Level Just-in-Time Prediction for Performance Regression Introducing Commits	46
EpiTESTER: Testing Autonomous Vehicles With Epigenetic Algorithm and Attention Mechanism	45
A Systematic Review of IoT Systems Testing: Objectives, Approaches, Tools, and Challenges	45
Measuring the Fidelity of a Physical and a Digital Twin Using Trace Alignments	45
MASTER: Multi-Source Transfer Weighted Ensemble Learning for Multiple Sources Cross-Project Defect Prediction	45
MBL-CPDP: A Multi-objective Bilevel Method for Cross-Project Defect Prediction	44
Program Synthesis for Cyber-Resilience	44
Human-in-the-Loop Automatic Program Repair	44
Improving Vulnerability Inspection Efficiency Using Active Learning	44
Decision Support for Selecting Blockchain-Based Application Design Patterns With Layered Taxonomy and Quality Attributes	44
Generalized Coverage Criteria for Combinatorial Sequence Testing	43
Evolutionary generation of test suites for multi-path coverage of MPI programs with non-determinism	43
Discovering Reusable Functional Features in Legacy Object-Oriented Systems	43
Automatic Repair of Timestamp Comparisons	42
Triple Peak Day: Work Rhythms of Software Developers in Hybrid Work	42
An Experience Report on Producing Verifiable Builds for Large-Scale Commercial Systems	42
Metric-Based Fault Prediction for Spreadsheets	42
Can Clean New Code Reduce Technical Debt Density?	42
API2Vec++: Boosting API Sequence Representation for Malware Detection and Classification	42
TransformCode: A Contrastive Learning Framework for Code Embedding via Subtree Transformation	41
On the Understandability of MLOps System Architectures	40
A Faceted Taxonomy of Requirements Changes in Agile Contexts	40
How Should Software Engineering Secondary Studies Include Grey Material?	39
How Developers Choose Names	39

Legion: Massively Composing Rankers for Improved Bug Localization at Adobe	39
Leveraging Large Language Model for Automatic Patch Correctness Assessment	38
LLMorpheus: Mutation Testing Using Large Language Models	38
Formal Equivalence Checking for Mobile Malware Detection and Family Classification	38
Annotative Software Product Line Analysis Using Variability-Aware Datalog	37
Pull Request Decisions Explained: An Empirical Overview	37
CODIT: Code Editing With Tree-Based Neural Models	37
Context-Aware Personalized Crowdtesting Task Recommendation	35
Pathidea: Improving Information Retrieval-Based Bug Localization by Re-Constructing Execution Paths Using Logs	35
An Empirical Study of C++ Vulnerabilities in Crowd-Sourced Code Examples	35
“Estimating Software Project Effort Using Analogies”: Reflections After 28 Years	34
Revisiting Test Impact Analysis in Continuous Testing From the Perspective of Code Dependencies	34
Quantitative Verification for Monitoring Event-Streaming Systems	33
Detecting Continuous Integration Skip Commits Using Multi-Objective Evolutionary Search	33
What Drives and Sustains Self-Assignment in Agile Teams	33
Automated Commit Message Generation With Large Language Models: An Empirical Study and Beyond	33
A Study About the Knowledge and Use of Requirements Engineering Standards in Industry	33
Specializing Neural Networks for Cryptographic Code Completion Applications	33
A Study of Call Graph Construction for JVM-Hosted Languages	33
Test Flakiness Across Programming Languages	32
Practitioners’ Expectations on Log Anomaly Detection	31
DAppSCAN: Building Large-Scale Datasets for Smart Contract Weaknesses in DApp Projects	31
How Do Developers Structure Unit Test Cases? An Empirical Analysis of the AAA Pattern in Open Source Projects	31
Empirical Validation of Automated Vulnerability Curation and Characterization	31
Microservice Extraction Based on a Comprehensive Evaluation of Logical Independence and Performance	31
Just-In-Time Obsolete Comment Detection and Update	30
Evaluating and Improving Unified Debugging	30
Watch Out for Extrinsic Bugs! A Case Study of Their Impact in Just-In-Time Bug Prediction Models on the OpenStack Project	30
Experimental Evaluation of Test-Driven Development With Interns Working on a Real Industrial Project	30
Retrieval-Augmented Fine-Tuning for Improving Retrieve-and-Edit Based Assertion Generation	30
Automated Refactoring of Non-Idiomatic Python Code With Pythonic Idioms	30
Studying Ad Library Integration Strategies of Top Free-to-Download Apps	29
Mind the Gap! A Study on the Transferability of Virtual Versus Physical-World Testing of Autonomous Driving Systems	29
Effect of Requirements Analyst Experience on Elicitation Effectiveness: A Family of Quasi-Experiments	29
CloudRaid: Detecting Distributed Concurrency Bugs via Log Mining and Enhancement	29
Evaluation of Static Vulnerability Detection Tools With Java Cryptographic API Benchmarks	29
Increasing the Confidence of Deep Neural Networks by Coverage Analysis	29
Data Quality Matters: A Case Study on Data Label Correctness for Security Bug Report Prediction	29
Continuously Managing NFRs: Opportunities and Challenges in Practice	29
Nighthawk: Fully Automated Localizing UI Display Issues via Visual Understanding	29
SigRec: Automatic Recovery of Function Signatures in Smart Contracts	29
Predicting Defective Lines Using a Model-Agnostic Technique	28
Are You Still Working on This? An Empirical Study on Pull Request Abandonment	28
The Impact of Prompt Programming on Function-Level Code Generation	28
Understanding the Robustness of Transformer-Based Code Intelligence via Code Transformation: Challenges and Opportunities	28
Deconstructing the Nature of Collaboration in Organizations Open Source Software Development: The Impact of Developer and Task Characteristics	28
Optimization of Software Release Planning Considering Architectural Dependencies, Cost, and Value	28
The Effectiveness of Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms in Predicting Software Refactoring	28
The Analysis of Safety Critical Software Systems	28
Why My App Crashes? Understanding and Benchmarking Framework-Specific Exceptions of Android Apps	27
Scrutinizing Implementations of Smart Home Integrations	27
Improving Cross-Language Code Clone Detection via Code Representation Learning and Graph Neural Networks	27
From Executable Specifications to Hard-to-Specify Requirements: Challenges in Describing Reactive System Behavior	27
A Chaos Engineering System for Live Analysis and Falsification of Exception-Handling in the JVM	27
Provably Valid and Diverse Mutations of Real-World Media Data for DNN Testing	26
Efficient Summary Reuse for Software Regression Verification	26
A Systematic Study on Real-World Android App Bundles	26
A Qualitative Study of the Benefits and Costs of Logging From Developers’ Perspectives	26
An Empirical Study of Model-Agnostic Techniques for Defect Prediction Models	26
CRPWarner: Warning the Risk of Contract-Related Rug Pull in DeFi Smart Contracts	26
STRE: An Automated Approach to Suggesting App Developers When to Stop Reading Reviews	26
NumScout: Unveiling Numerical Defects in Smart Contracts Using LLM-Pruning Symbolic Execution	26
Predictive Comment Updating With Heuristics and AST-Path-Based Neural Learning: A Two-Phase Approach	26
Exploiting Natural Language Structures in Software Informal Documentation	26
Cross-Language Taint Analysis: Generating Caller-Sensitive Native Code Specification for Java	26
Line-Level Defect Prediction by Capturing Code Contexts With Graph Convolutional Networks	26
Diversity-Oriented Testing for Competitive Game Agent via Constraint-Guided Adversarial Agent Training	25
Explaining Static Analysis With Rule Graphs	25
FlakyFix: Using Large Language Models for Predicting Flaky Test Fix Categories and Test Code Repair	25
A Grounded Theory of Cross-Community SECOs: Feedback Diversity Versus Synchronization	25
On the Validity of Pre-Trained Transformers for Natural Language Processing in the Software Engineering Domain	25
ASTRAEA: Grammar-based Fairness Testing	25
Automated Infrastructure as Code Program Testing	25
iTCRL: Causal-Intervention-Based Trace Contrastive Representation Learning for Microservice Systems	25
Assessing Evaluation Metrics for Neural Test Oracle Generation	25
Sentinel: A Hyper-Heuristic for the Generation of Mutant Reduction Strategies	24
A Survey on the Use of Computer Vision to Improve Software Engineering Tasks	24
Mithra: Anomaly Detection as an Oracle for Cyberphysical Systems	24
ArchHypo: Managing Software Architecture Uncertainty Using Hypotheses Engineering	23
SmartOracle: Generating Smart Contract Oracle via Fine-Grained Invariant Detection	23

Domain-Driven Design for Microservices: An Evidence-Based Investigation	23
Automated Use-After-Free Detection and Exploit Mitigation: How Far Have We Gone?	23
Syntactic Versus Semantic Similarity of Artificial and Real Faults in Mutation Testing Studies	23
Parameterized Verification of Leader/Follower Systems via Arithmetic Constraints	23
How Templated Requirements Specifications Inhibit Creativity in Software Engineering	22
Let’s Talk With Developers, Not About Developers: A Review of Automatic Program Repair Research	22
Do Pretrained Language Models Indeed Understand Software Engineering Tasks?	22
Stakeholder Preference Extraction From Scenarios	22
Unearthing Gas-Wasting Code Smells in Smart Contracts With Large Language Models	22
Beyond Literal Meaning: Uncover and Explain Implicit Knowledge in Code Through Wikipedia-Based Concept Linking	21
Range Specification Bug Detection in Flight Control System Through Fuzzing	21
RefactoringMiner 2.0	21
Retrospective on: Constraint-Based Automatic Test Data Generation	21
A Variability Fault Localization Approach for Software Product Lines	21
Practical Mutation Testing at Scale: A view from Google	21
Forecasting the Principal of Code Technical Debt in JavaScript Applications	21
Towards More Precise Coincidental Correctness Detection With Deep Semantic Learning	21
A Comparison of Natural Language Understanding Platforms for Chatbots in Software Engineering	21
Hashing Fuzzing: Introducing Input Diversity to Improve Crash Detection	21
PopArt: Ranked Testing Efficiency	21
TkT: Automatic Inference of Timed and Extended Pushdown Automata	20
Accelerating Finite State Machine-Based Testing Using Reinforcement Learning	20
Engineering Within Boundaries When Software Has None	20
Comparative Analysis of Constraint Handling Techniques for Constrained Combinatorial Testing	20
Reuse of Similarly Behaving Software Through Polymorphism-Inspired Variability Mechanisms	20
SCAnoGenerator: Automatic Anomaly Injection for Ethereum Smart Contracts	20
Boosting Generalizable Fairness with Mahalanobis Distances Guided Boltzmann Exploratory Testing	20
Verification of Fuzzy Decision Trees	20
Do Chase Your Tail! Missing Key Aspects Augmentation in Textual Vulnerability Descriptions of Long-Tail Software Through Feature Inference	20
Evaluating SZZ Implementations: An Empirical Study on the Linux Kernel	20
Does Treatment Adherence Impact Experiment Results in TDD?	20
Learning to Predict User-Defined Types	19
Active Code Learning: Benchmarking Sample-Efficient Training of Code Models	19
Clopper-Pearson Algorithms for Efficient Statistical Model Checking Estimation	19
Runtime Evolution of Bitcoin's Consensus Rules	19
Restore: Retrospective Fault Localization Enhancing Automated Program Repair	19
PATEN: Identifying Unpatched Third-Party APIs via Fine-Grained Patch-Enhanced AST-Level Signature	19
Generating Structurally Realistic Models With Deep Autoregressive Networks	19
Easy-to-Deploy API Extraction by Multi-Level Feature Embedding and Transfer Learning	19
Defining Smart Contract Defects on Ethereum	18
An Assessment of Rules of Thumb for Software Phase Management, and the Relationship Between Phase Effort and Schedule Success	18
Dealing With Data Challenges When Delivering Data-Intensive Software Solutions	18
Stealthy Backdoor Attack for Code Models	18
Multitask-Based Evaluation of Open-Source LLM on Software Vulnerability	18
Software Testing With Large Language Models: Survey, Landscape, and Vision	18
Darcy: Automatic Architectural Inconsistency Resolution in Java	18
Emerging App Issue Identification via Online Joint Sentiment-Topic Tracing	18
Studying the Influence and Distribution of the Human Effort in a Hybrid Fitness Function for Search-Based Model-Driven Engineering	18
The Human Side of Software Engineering Teams: An Investigation of Contemporary Challenges	18
Examiner-Pro: Testing Arm Emulators Across Different Privileges	18
Enhancing Trustability of Android Applications via User-Centric Flexible Permissions	18
Concretization of Abstract Traffic Scene Specifications Using Metaheuristic Search	18
How Software Developers Mitigate Their Errors When Developing Code	17
Automatic Generation of Acceptance Test Cases From Use Case Specifications: An NLP-Based Approach	17
On the Workflows and Smells of Leaderboard Operations (LBOps): An Exploratory Study of Foundation Model Leaderboards	17
Comparing Block-Based Programming Models for Two-Armed Robots	17
Static Profiling of Alloy Models	17
A Retrospective of Proving the Correctness of Multiprocess Programs	17
Finding Trends in Software Research	17
IntRepair: Informed Repairing of Integer Overflows	17
Enforcing Correctness of Collaborative Business Processes Using Plans	17
A Framework for Emotion-Oriented Requirements Change Handling in Agile Software Engineering	17
Fast and Precise Static Null Exception Analysis With Synergistic Preprocessing	17
Isolating Compiler Faults Through Differentiated Compilation Configurations	17
A Procedure to Continuously Evaluate Predictive Performance of Just-In-Time Software Defect Prediction Models During Software Development	17
AddressWatcher: Sanitizer-Based Localization of Memory Leak Fixes	17
A Theory of Value for Value-Based Feature Selection in Software Engineering	17
Utilizing Automatic Query Reformulations as Genetic Operations to Improve Feature Location in Software Models	16
Factors Affecting On-Time Delivery in Large-Scale Agile Software Development	16
MultiPL-E: A Scalable and Polyglot Approach to Benchmarking Neural Code Generation	16
Distilling Quality Enhancing Comments From Code Reviews to Underpin Reviewer Recommendation	16
Active Learning of Discriminative Subgraph Patterns for API Misuse Detection	16
A Search-Based Testing Approach for Deep Reinforcement Learning Agents	16
RNN-Test: Towards Adversarial Testing for Recurrent Neural Network Systems	16
Reading Answers on Stack Overflow: Not Enough!	16
Neural Transfer Learning for Repairing Security Vulnerabilities in C Code	16
Malo in the Code Jungle: Explainable Fault Localization for Decentralized Applications	16
DaNuoYi: Evolutionary Multi-Task Injection Testing on Web Application Firewalls	16
Heuristic and Neural Network Based Prediction of Project-Specific API Member Access	16
Safety and Performance, Why Not Both? Bi-Objective Optimized Model Compression Against Heterogeneous Attacks Toward AI Software Deployment	16
FlexFL: Flexible and Effective Fault Localization With Open-Source Large Language Models	16
A Retrospective on Mining Version Histories to Guide Software Changes	15
PackHunter: Recovering Missing Packages for C/C++ Projects	15
Robotic Visual GUI Testing for Truly Non-Intrusive Test Automation of Touch Screen Applications	15
A Systematical Study on Application Performance Management Libraries for Apps	15
Using Symbolic States to Infer Numerical Invariants	15
Obstacle Analysis in Requirements Engineering: Retrospective and Emerging Challenges	15
Consistent Local-First Software: Enforcing Safety and Invariants for Local-First Applications	15
The Double-Edged Sword of Diversity: How Diversity, Conflict, and Psychological Safety Impact Software Teams	15
Let's Go to the Whiteboard (Again): Perceptions From Software Architects on Whiteboard Architecture Meetings	15
Retrospective: Data Mining Static Code Attributes to Learn Defect Predictors	15
Software Architecture Description Revisited	15
TrinityRCL: Multi-Granular and Code-Level Root Cause Localization Using Multiple Types of Telemetry Data in Microservice Systems	15
Pride: Prioritizing Documentation Effort Based on a PageRank-Like Algorithm and Simple Filtering Rules	15