Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

Article	Citations
Crop yield prediction using machine learning: A systematic literature review	642
Using deep transfer learning for image-based plant disease identification	509
Using channel pruning-based YOLO v4 deep learning algorithm for the real-time and accurate detection of apple flowers in natural environments	276
Tomato plant disease detection using transfer learning with C-GAN synthetic images	268
Deep feature based rice leaf disease identification using support vector machine	261
Introducing digital twins to agriculture	223
A survey of deep learning techniques for weed detection from images	213
State-of-the-art robotic grippers, grasping and control strategies, as well as their applications in agricultural robots: A review	211
Detection and segmentation of overlapped fruits based on optimized mask R-CNN application in apple harvesting robot	196
A survey on the 5G network and its impact on agriculture: Challenges and opportunities	187
Few-Shot Learning approach for plant disease classification using images taken in the field	185
Image recognition of four rice leaf diseases based on deep learning and support vector machine	184
An optimized dense convolutional neural network model for disease recognition and classification in corn leaf	183
Integrating blockchain and the internet of things in precision agriculture: Analysis, opportunities, and challenges	183
Multi-class fruit-on-plant detection for apple in SNAP system using Faster R-CNN	176
A review of computer vision technologies for plant phenotyping	164
Application of consumer RGB-D cameras for fruit detection and localization in field: A critical review	161
A review on plant high-throughput phenotyping traits using UAV-based sensors	160
A review on monitoring and advanced control strategies for precision irrigation	156
Vine disease detection in UAV multispectral images using optimized image registration and deep learning segmentation approach	154
Systematic literature review of implementations of precision agriculture	151
Multiclass classification of dry beans using computer vision and machine learning techniques	151
Drones in agriculture: A review and bibliometric analysis	144
A survey of public datasets for computer vision tasks in precision agriculture	139
An improved YOLOv5 model based on visual attention mechanism: Application to recognition of tomato virus disease	138

Real-time detection of uneaten feed pellets in underwater images for aquaculture using an improved YOLO-V4 network	137
Do we really need deep CNN for plant diseases identification?	132
Towards leveraging the role of machine learning and artificial intelligence in precision agriculture and smart farming	128
Detection and classification of soybean pests using deep learning with UAV images	126
CNN feature based graph convolutional network for weed and crop recognition in smart farming	125
A random forest ranking approach to predict yield in maize with uav-based vegetation spectral indices	121
Plant diseases recognition on images using convolutional neural networks: A systematic review	117
Agroview: Cloud-based application to process, analyze and visualize UAV-collected data for precision agriculture applications utilizing artificial intelligence	114
A systematic literature review on the use of machine learning in precision livestock farming	112
A cucumber leaf disease severity classification method based on the fusion of DeepLabV3+ and U-Net	107
AF-RCNN: An anchor-free convolutional neural network for multi-categories agricultural pest detection	102
Comparison of convolutional neural networks in fruit detection and counting: A comprehensive evaluation	101
Meta-learning baselines and database for few-shot classification in agriculture	100
SoyNet: Soybean leaf diseases classification	100
An overview of agriculture 4.0 development: Systematic review of descriptions, technologies, barriers, advantages, and disadvantages	100
Recognition of rice leaf diseases and wheat leaf diseases based on multi-task deep transfer learning	99
Real-time growth stage detection model for high degree of occultation using DenseNet-fused YOLOv4	98
Hybrid particle swarm optimization with extreme learning machine for daily reference evapotranspiration prediction from limited climatic data	97
Review of the internet of things communication technologies in smart agriculture and challenges	97
Grape disease image classification based on lightweight convolution neural networks and channelwise attention	96
Multi-stream hybrid architecture based on cross-level fusion strategy for fine-grained crop species recognition in precision agriculture	95
Assessment for crop water stress with infrared thermal imagery in precision agriculture: A review and future prospects for deep learning applications	93
An adaptive pig face recognition approach using Convolutional Neural Networks	92
Crop pest classification with a genetic algorithm-based weighted ensemble of deep convolutional neural networks	92
3D global mapping of large-scale unstructured orchard integrating eye-in-hand stereo vision and SLAM	92
Time-serial analysis of deep neural network models for prediction of climatic conditions inside a greenhouse	91
Identification of tomato leaf diseases based on combination of ABCK-BWTR and B-ARNet	89
A deep learning approach combining instance and semantic segmentation to identify diseases and pests of coffee leaves from in-field images	88
Wireless technologies for smart agricultural monitoring using internet of things devices with energy harvesting capabilities	87
Disease detection in tomato leaves via CNN with lightweight architectures implemented in Raspberry Pi 4	86
A comprehensive review on recent applications of unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing with various sensors for high-throughput plant phenotyping	86
Behaviour recognition of pigs and cattle: Journey from computer vision to deep learning	85
Sequential forward selection and support vector regression in comparison to LASSO regression for spring wheat yield prediction based on UAV imagery	84
Crop leaf disease recognition based on Self-Attention convolutional neural network	83
Generative adversarial networks (GANs) for image augmentation in agriculture: A systematic review	83
Multi-step ahead forecasting of daily reference evapotranspiration using deep learning	82
Terahertz spectroscopy and imaging: A review on agricultural applications	82
Detecting soybean leaf disease from synthetic image using multi-feature fusion faster R-CNN	80
Three-dimensional perception of orchard banana central stock enhanced by adaptive multi-vision technology	79
Lightweight convolutional neural network model for field wheat ear disease identification	79
Classification of rice varieties with deep learning methods	79
A deep learning approach for RGB image-based powdery mildew disease detection on strawberry leaves	78
Applications of IoT for optimized greenhouse environment and resources management	78
Automatically detecting pig position and posture by 2D camera imaging and deep learning	78
RS-DCNN: A novel distributed convolutional-neural-networks based-approach for big remote-sensing image classification	77
Collision-free path planning for a guava-harvesting robot based on recurrent deep reinforcement learning	76
Evaluation of stacking and blending ensemble learning methods for estimating daily reference evapotranspiration	76
An automatic method for weed mapping in oat fields based on UAV imagery	76
Detection and classification of tea buds based on deep learning	76
Identification of cash crop diseases using automatic image segmentation algorithm and deep learning with expanded dataset	75

Comparison of convolution neural networks for smartphone image based real time classification of citrus leaf disease	75
Real-time detection and tracking of fish abnormal behavior based on improved YOLOV5 and SiamRPN++	75
Applications of machine vision in agricultural robot navigation: A review	74
Strengthening consumer trust in beef supply chain traceability with a blockchain-based human-machine reconcile mechanism	74
RIC-Net: A plant disease classification model based on the fusion of Inception and residual structure and embedded attention mechanism	74
Intelligent perception for cattle monitoring: A review for cattle identification, body condition score evaluation, and weight estimation	72
Multi-class object detection using faster R-CNN and estimation of shaking locations for automated shake-and-catch apple harvesting	72
Predicting livestock behaviour using accelerometers: A systematic review of processing techniques for ruminant behaviour prediction from raw accelerometer data	72
A deep learning approach incorporating YOLO v5 and attention mechanisms for field real-time detection of the invasive weed Solanum rostratum Dunal seedlings	71
Performance of deep learning models for classifying and detecting common weeds in corn and soybean production systems	71
UAV-based chlorophyll content estimation by evaluating vegetation index responses under different crop coverages	71
Tomato leaf segmentation algorithms for mobile phone applications using deep learning	70
Computer vision system for measuring individual cow feed intake using RGB-D camera and deep learning algorithms	69
Accessing the temporal and spectral features in crop type mapping using multi-temporal Sentinel-2 imagery: A case study of Yi’an County, Heilongjiang province, China	69
Deep diagnosis: A real-time apple leaf disease detection system based on deep learning	69
Citrus pests classification using an ensemble of deep learning models	69
MEAN-SSD: A novel real-time detector for apple leaf diseases using improved light-weight convolutional neural networks	69
An end-to-end model for rice yield prediction using deep learning fusion	69
Estimation of corn yield based on hyperspectral imagery and convolutional neural network	68
Pose estimation and behavior classification of broiler chickens based on deep neural networks	68
A new visible band index (vNDVI) for estimating NDVI values on RGB images utilizing genetic algorithms	68
Close-range hyperspectral imaging of whole plants for digital phenotyping: Recent applications and illumination correction approaches	68
Identifying sunflower lodging based on image fusion and deep semantic segmentation with UAV remote sensing imaging	67
EfficientNet-B4-Ranger: A novel method for greenhouse cucumber disease recognition under natural complex environment	67
Forest inventory with high-density UAV-Lidar: Machine learning approaches for predicting individual tree attributes	67
Field detection of tiny pests from sticky trap images using deep learning in agricultural greenhouse	67
Graph weeds net: A graph-based deep learning method for weed recognition	67
A modified U-Net with a specific data argumentation method for semantic segmentation of weed images in the field	66
Effect of operational parameters of UAV sprayer on spray deposition pattern in target and off-target zones during outer field weed control application	66
High-resolution satellite imagery applications in crop phenotyping: An overview	66
UAV environmental perception and autonomous obstacle avoidance: A deep learning and depth camera combined solution	66
A high-precision detection method of hydroponic lettuce seedlings status based on improved Faster RCNN	65
Internet of things for smart farming and frost intelligent control in greenhouses	65
Pest24: A large-scale very small object data set of agricultural pests for multi-target detection	65
Real-time defects detection for apple sorting using NIR cameras with pruning-based YOLOV4 network	65
Monitoring the vegetation vigor in heterogeneous citrus and olive orchards. A multiscale object-based approach to extract trees’ crowns from UAV multispectral imagery	64
Retinex-inspired color correction and detail preserved fusion for underwater image enhancement	64
Real-time strawberry detection using deep neural networks on embedded system (rtsd-net): An edge AI application	64
Fusion of Mask RCNN and attention mechanism for instance segmentation of apples under complex background	64
Technology progress in mechanical harvest of fresh market apples	64
Classification of soybean leaf wilting due to drought stress using UAV-based imagery	63
Deep learning-based hierarchical cattle behavior recognition with spatio-temporal information	63
Optimal smart contract for autonomous greenhouse environment based on IoT blockchain network in agriculture	63
A detection and severity estimation system for generic diseases of tomato greenhouse plants	63
A DNN-based semantic segmentation for detecting weed and crop	62
Combining texture, color, and vegetation indices from fixed-wing UAS imagery to estimate wheat growth parameters using multivariate regression methods	62
Disease and pest infection detection in coconut tree through deep learning techniques	62
Rachis detection and three-dimensional localization of cut off point for vision-based banana robot	62
Fruit detection and load estimation of an orange orchard using the YOLO models through simple approaches in different imaging and illumination conditions	61
A computer vision approach based on deep learning for the detection of dairy cows in free stall barn	61
Advances in gas sensors and electronic nose technologies for agricultural cycle applications	61
Vision-based navigation and guidance for agricultural autonomous vehicles and robots: A review	61
Hyperspectral imaging and 3D technologies for plant phenotyping: From satellite to close-range sensing	61
Cost-effective IoT devices as trustworthy data sources for a blockchain-based water management system in precision agriculture	60
Extracting apple tree crown information from remote imagery using deep learning	60
Wild blueberry yield prediction using a combination of computer simulation and machine learning algorithms	60
Estimating reference evapotranspiration using hybrid adaptive fuzzy inferencing coupled with heuristic algorithms	60
Soil exchangeable cations estimation using Vis-NIR spectroscopy in different depths: Effects of multiple calibration models and spiking	60
Prediction of dissolved oxygen in aquaculture based on gradient boosting decision tree and long short-term memory network: A study of Chang Zhou fishery demonstration base, China	59
Corn cash price forecasting with neural networks	59
A novel apple fruit detection and counting methodology based on deep learning and trunk tracking in modern orchard	59
Fast and accurate green pepper detection in complex backgrounds via an improved Yolov4-tiny model	59
Sensor-based mechanical weed control: Present state and prospects	58
A new attention-based CNN approach for crop mapping using time series Sentinel-2 images	57
Cotton pests classification in field-based images using deep residual networks	57
A novel green apple segmentation algorithm based on ensemble U-Net under complex orchard environment	57
Improving estimation of LAI dynamic by fusion of morphological and vegetation indices based on UAV imagery	57
Support Vector Machine in Precision Agriculture: A review	57
Peach variety detection using VIS-NIR spectroscopy and deep learning	56
Stereo-vision-based crop height estimation for agricultural robots	56
Leaf image based plant disease identification using transfer learning and feature fusion	56
Deep neural network based date palm tree detection in drone imagery	56
Real-time robust detector for underwater live crabs based on deep learning	56
Using an EfficientNet-LSTM for the recognition of single Cow’s motion behaviours in a complicated environment	55
Aerial hyperspectral imagery and deep neural networks for high-throughput yield phenotyping in wheat	55
Analysis of the spatial variations of determinants of agricultural production efficiency in China	55
Assessment of state-of-the-art deep learning based citrus disease detection techniques using annotated optical leaf images	55
CFD simulation and experimental verification of the spatial and temporal distributions of the downwash airflow of a quad-rotor agricultural UAV in hover	55
Comparison of wavelet and empirical mode decomposition hybrid models in drought prediction	55
Application of deep convolutional neural networks for the detection of anthracnose in olives using VIS/NIR hyperspectral images	54

Improved multi-classes kiwifruit detection in orchard to avoid collisions during robotic picking	54
Accurate body measurement of live cattle using three depth cameras and non-rigid 3-D shape recovery	54
Data augmentation for deep learning based semantic segmentation and crop-weed classification in agricultural robotics	54
A novel deep learning based approach for seed image classification and retrieval	54
Classification of Lingwu long jujube internal bruise over time based on visible near-infrared hyperspectral imaging combined with partial least squares-discriminant analysis	53
Estimating leaf chlorophyll content of crops via optimal unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral data at multi-scales	52
Estimation for fish mass using image analysis and neural network	52
Adaptive autonomous UAV scouting for rice lodging assessment using edge computing with deep learning EDANet	52
Technological revolutions in smart farming: Current trends, challenges & future directions	52
Apple, peach, and pear flower detection using semantic segmentation network and shape constraint level set	52
Early detection of grapevine leafroll disease in a red-berried wine grape cultivar using hyperspectral imaging	52
Evaluation of low-cost depth cameras for agricultural applications	52
Using NDVI for the assessment of canopy cover in agricultural crops within modelling research	51
A hybrid modelling approach to understanding adoption of precision agriculture technologies in Chinese cropping systems	51
Evaluation of cotton emergence using UAV-based imagery and deep learning	50
Application of wireless sensor networks in the field of irrigation: A review	50
Performance evaluation of deep transfer learning on multi-class identification of common weed species in cotton production systems	50
Navigation path extraction for greenhouse cucumber-picking robots using the prediction-point Hough transform	50
Real-time detection of kiwifruit flower and bud simultaneously in orchard using YOLOv4 for robotic pollination	50
Lightweight dense-scale network (LDSNet) for corn leaf disease identification	50
Estimation of nitrogen nutrition index in rice from UAV RGB images coupled with machine learning algorithms	50
S-RPN: Sampling-balanced region proposal network for small crop pest detection	50
YOLOWeeds: A novel benchmark of YOLO object detectors for multi-class weed detection in cotton production systems	49
Using a depth camera for crop row detection and mapping for under-canopy navigation of agricultural robotic vehicle	49
Rapid and non-destructive seed viability prediction using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging coupled with a deep learning approach	49
Automatic recognition of dairy cow mastitis from thermal images by a deep learning detector	49
Canopy-attention-YOLOv4-based immature/mature apple fruit detection on dense-foliage tree architectures for early crop load estimation	48
A system for automatic rice disease detection from rice paddy images serviced via a Chatbot	48
Visual identification of individual Holstein-Friesian cattle via deep metric learning	48
Computer vision-based high-quality tea automatic plucking robot using Delta parallel manipulator	48
Geometry-aware fruit grasping estimation for robotic harvesting in apple orchards	48
Support vector machine enhanced empirical reference evapotranspiration estimation with limited meteorological parameters	48
Deep learning-based crop mapping in the cloudy season using one-shot hyperspectral satellite imagery	48
Data augmentation for automated pest classification in Mango farms	48
Three-dimensional reconstruction of guava fruits and branches using instance segmentation and geometry analysis	48
Development of simple identification models for four main catechins and caffeine in fresh green tea leaf based on visible and near-infrared spectroscopy	48
Common pests image recognition based on deep convolutional neural network	48
Digital Twins in greenhouse horticulture: A review	48
Automatic extraction of wheat lodging area based on transfer learning method and deeplabv3+ network	47
Evaluation on risks of sustainable supply chain based on optimized BP neural networks in fresh grape industry	47
LDS-YOLO: A lightweight small object detection method for dead trees from shelter forest	47
Real-time recognition system of soybean seed full-surface defects based on deep learning	47
Detection of impurities in wheat using terahertz spectral imaging and convolutional neural networks	47
A systematic literature review on deep learning applications for precision cattle farming	47
Automatic detection and severity analysis of grape black measles disease based on deep learning and fuzzy logic	47
Automatic identification of diseases in grains crops through computational approaches: A review	46
Automatic organ-level point cloud segmentation of maize shoots by integrating high-throughput data acquisition and deep learning	46
A fast and accurate deep learning method for strawberry instance segmentation	46
Predicting the contents of soil salt and major water-soluble ions with fractional-order derivative spectral indices and variable selection	46
Improved crop row detection with deep neural network for early-season maize stand count in UAV imagery	46
Detection and counting of banana bunches by integrating deep learning and classic image-processing algorithms	46
Real-time kiwifruit detection in orchard using deep learning on Android™ smartphones for yield estimation	46
Cow identification in free-stall barns based on an improved Mask R-CNN and an SVM	45
Crop height estimation based on UAV images: Methods, errors, and strategies	45
Fruit yield prediction and estimation in orchards: A state-of-the-art comprehensive review for both direct and indirect methods	45
Uncertainty analysis of artificial intelligence modeling daily reference evapotranspiration in the northwest end of China	45
A nutrient recommendation system for soil fertilization based on evolutionary computation	45
Recognition of feeding behaviour of pigs and determination of feeding time of each pig by a video-based deep learning method	44
Semantic segmentation for partially occluded apple trees based on deep learning	44
Improving weeds identification with a repository of agricultural pre-trained deep neural networks	44
Foliar deposition and coverage on young apple trees with PWM-controlled spray systems	44
Identification method of vegetable diseases based on transfer learning and attention mechanism	44
Automated sheep facial expression classification using deep transfer learning	44
Pan evaporation estimation and derivation of explicit optimized equations by novel hybrid meta-heuristic ANN based methods in different climates of Iran	44
Remote-sensing estimation of potato above-ground biomass based on spectral and spatial features extracted from high-definition digital camera images	44
Modified U-Net for plant diseased leaf image segmentation	44
Late fusion of multimodal deep neural networks for weeds classification	44
Early detection of freezing damage in oranges by online Vis/NIR transmission coupled with diameter correction method and deep 1D-CNN	43
An automatic method of fish length estimation using underwater stereo system based on LabVIEW	43
Using a CNN-LSTM for basic behaviors detection of a single dairy cow in a complex environment	43
Automatic behavior recognition of group-housed goats using deep learning	43
Pre-season crop type mapping using deep neural networks	43
Recognition of carrot appearance quality based on deep feature and support vector machine	43
Rice nitrogen nutrition estimation with RGB images and machine learning methods	43
Using color and 3D geometry features to segment fruit point cloud and improve fruit recognition accuracy	43
3D model processing for high throughput phenotype extraction – the case of corn	43
Hyperspectral imaging techniques for rapid detection of nutrient content of hydroponically grown lettuce cultivars	43
A dual attention network based on efficientNet-B2 for short-term fish school feeding behavior analysis in aquaculture	42
A high-precision forest fire smoke detection approach based on ARGNet	42
Semantic segmentation model of cotton roots in-situ image based on attention mechanism	42
Key technologies of machine vision for weeding robots: A review and benchmark	42
Wheat sustainable supply chain network design with forecasted demand by simulation	42
Identification of maize leaves infected by fall armyworms using UAV-based imagery and convolutional neural networks	42
Modelling and simulation of the grain threshing process based on the discrete element method	42
An innovative IoT based system for precision farming	42
Viable smart sensors and their application in data driven agriculture	41
Microwave vacuum drying of dragon fruit slice: Artificial neural network modelling, genetic algorithm optimization, and kinetics study	41
A lightweight dead fish detection method based on deformable convolution and YOLOV4	41
Practical cucumber leaf disease recognition using improved Swin Transformer and small sample size	41
DSE-YOLO: Detail semantics enhancement YOLO for multi-stage strawberry detection	41
Automated grapevine flower detection and quantification method based on computer vision and deep learning from on-the-go imaging using a mobile sensing platform under field conditions	41
How many gigabytes per hectare are available in the digital agriculture era? A digitization footprint estimation	41
Transfer learning and SE-ResNet152 networks-based for small-scale unbalanced fish species identification	41
Visible/Near Infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy as an optical sensor for evaluating olive oil quality	41
Assessing winter wheat foliage disease severity using aerial imagery acquired from small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)	41