International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos

Papers
(The TQCC of International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos is 4. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-04-01 to 2025-04-01.)
ArticleCitations
Efficient Neuromorphic Reservoir Computing Using Optoelectronic Memristors for Multivariate Time Series Classification73
Global Dynamics of a Planar Piecewise Linear Refracting System of Node-Node Types60
Cryptanalyzing a Feistel Chaotic Block Cryptosystem Based on Correlation Power Analysis58
Islands Supporting ACIM for Two-Dimensional Map49
3D Generating Surfaces in a Quartic Hamiltonian System with Three Degrees of Freedom – II46
Effect of Time-Reversed Chaotic Sequences on the Performance of 2T2R-IDCSK System42
Limit Cycle Bifurcations in a Class of Piecewise Smooth Polynomial Systems40
Stability and Hopf Bifurcation Analysis of Fractional Double-Delay Prey–Predator Model under PDα Control36
Li–Yorke Chaos in Partial Differential Equations with or Without Energy Injection35
Construction and Attractor Analysis of Discrete Chaotic Systems Based on Julia Fractal Transformation34
Bifurcation Analysis of a Tumour-Immune Model with Nonlinear Killing Rate as State-Dependent Feedback Control33
Complex Dynamics and Sliding Bifurcations of the Filippov Lorenz–Chen System32
Complex Dynamics on a Discrete Tritrophic Model of Leslie Type with General Functional Responses32
Border Collision Bifurcations and Coexisting Attractors in an Economic Bimodal Map30
Author Index Volume 31 (2021)29
The Number of Limit Cycles for a Class of Cubic Systems with Multiple Parameters29
Investigating Distributional Chaos for Operators on Fréchet Spaces29
Formation Mechanism of Multistate Coexistence and Burst Oscillation in Nonlinear Zener Model27
An Efficient Medical Image Encryption Scheme Utilizing Nonuniform Cellular Automaton27
Periodic, Quasi-Periodic and Phase-Locked Oscillations and Stability in the Fiscal Dynamical Model with Tax Collection and Decision-Making Delays25
Bifurcation and Geometric Singular Perturbation Analysis of a Multi-timescale Pituitary Model24
Designing Twin Memristor-Based Multiscroll Systems by Varying the Flux Variable of Memristor23
Characteristics of (α,β)-Mean Li–Yorke Chaos of Linear Operators on Banach Spaces22
Admissible Perturbations of a Generalized Langford System22
Heteroclinic Cycles Generated by Piecewise Affine Systems in ℝn21
A Shifted Logistic Map21
Parametric Topological Entropy for Multivalued Maps and Differential Inclusions with Nonautonomous Impulses21
Global Analysis of Riccati Quadratic Differential Systems21
An Optical Image Encryption Algorithm Based on a Fractional-Order Laser Hyperchaotic System20
The Bifurcations of the Critical Points and the Role of Depth in a Symmetric Caldera Potential Energy Surface19
The Influence of Asymmetry on the Dynamics Associated with a Caldera Potential Energy Surface19
Double Degeneracy in the Immiscible Wilton Ripple Phenomenon: A Three Perturbation Parameter Problem in Bifurcation Theory18
Hidden Symmetries, Coupled Networks and Equivariant Degrees17
Dynamics of a Toxin Producing Plankton-Fish Model with Three-Dimensional Patch and Time Delay17
Transition of Chimera States and Synchronization in Two-Layer Networks of Coupled Hindmarsh–Rose Neurons16
Experimental Evidence of Chaos Generated by a Minimal Universal Oscillator Model16
Bifurcations and Exact Traveling Wave Solutions in the Generalized Sasa–Satsuma Equation16
Artificial Intelligence, Chaos, Prediction and Understanding in Science15
Spatiotemporal Patterns in a Space–Time Discrete SIRS Epidemic Model with Self- and Cross-Diffusion15
Dynamics of a DC Motor-Driving Arm with a Circular Periodic Potential and DC/AC Voltage Input15
Limit Cycles Bifurcating from Planar Polynomial Quasi-Homogeneous Centers of Weight-Degree 3 with Nonsmooth Perturbations15
Elementary Catastrophe’s Chaos in One-Dimensional Discrete Systems Based on Nonlinear Connections and Deviation Curvature Statistics15
Evaluating the Randomness of Chaotic Binary Sequences Via a Novel Period Detection Algorithm15
Generating Multiple Spherical Attractors via Parameter Switching Control15
Dynamic Analysis of the Multichannel Supply Chain Under Carbon Subsidy Policy15
Predicting the Emergence of Multistability in a Monoparametric PWL System15
Impact of Spatial Memory on a Predator–Prey System with Allee Effect14
Limit Cycles of Piecewise-Continuous Differential Systems Formed by Linear and Quadratic Isochronous Centers II14
Higher-Order Complex Periodic Motions in a Nonlinear, Electromagnetically Tuned Mass Damper System14
Quadratic Differential Systems with a Finite Saddle-Node and an Infinite Saddle-Node (1, 1)SN - (B)14
A Note on the Nonlinear Stability of Equilibrium Points in the Planar Equilateral Restricted Mass-Unequal Four-Body Problem14
A Novel Conservative Chaotic Circuit with a Cubic Root14
Two-Dimensional Manifolds of Modified Chen System with Time Delay14
Bifurcation from Periodic Orbits of n-Dimensional Piecewise Smooth Differential Systems with Two Switching Planes13
A POD Reduced Order Method Applied to an Instability Problem of Rayleigh–Bénard Convection13
Ripple-Based Analysis of Asymmetrical Subharmonic Instability in Grid-Connected Inverters13
Adaptively Adjusted Beliefs About Prices in an Evolutive Muthian Cobweb Model13
Global Stability and Hopf Bifurcation for a Stage Structured Model with Competition for Food12
In-Depth Analysis of Smooth and Nonsmooth Bifurcations for an Open-Loop Boost Converter Feeding Constant Power Loads in Discontinuous Conduction Mode12
Limit Cycles on Piecewise Smooth Vector Fields with Coupled Rigid Centers12
Correlation Sum and Recurrence Determinism of Interval Maps12
Author Index Volume 32 (2022)12
Inclusion of Biological and Chemical Self-Heating Processes in Compost Piles Model: A Semenov Formulation12
Regularization of Planar Piecewise Smooth Systems with a Heteroclinic Loop12
Nonlinear Stability of Equilibrium Points in the Planar Equilateral Restricted Mass-Unequal Four-Body Problem12
On the Limit Cycles of a Class of Discontinuous Piecewise Differential Systems Formed by Two Rigid Centers Governed by Odd Degree Polynomials12
Chaotic Oscillations of 1D Wave Equation Due to a Generalized Nonlinear Energy-Decay Boundary Condition12
Existence, Uniqueness and Error Analysis of Variable-Order Fractional Lorenz System with Various Type of Delays11
Effect of Double-Frequency Excitation on a Fractional Model of Cerebral Aneurysm11
The Effect of Dispersal Patterns on Hopf Bifurcations in a Delayed Single Population Model11
Rational Integrability of the Maxwell–Bloch System11
Chaotic Grid-Scroll Attractors and Multistability in a Pair of Mutually Coupled Third-Order Systems11
How Does the Fractional Derivative Change the Complexity of the Caputo Standard Fractional Map11
Remembering Oleksandr Mykolayovych Sharkovsky11
Odd and Even Functions in the Design Problem of New Chaotic Attractors11
Codimension-2 Bifurcations in a Quantum Decision Making Model11
Classification and Traveling Wave Solutions for the Gilson–Pickering Equation11
Fractal Structures and Magnetic Footprints in a Divertor Tokamak11
Topological Weak Specification and Distributional Chaos on Noncompact Spaces10
A Sensitive Image Encryption Algorithm Based on a Higher-Dimensional Chaotic Map and Steganography10
Synchronization and Global Dynamics of a Cournot Model with Nonlinear Demand and R&D Spillovers10
A Simple Model of Tumor-Immune Interaction: The Effect of Antigen Delay10
Energy Harvesting from a Micro-System with Circular Bistable Potential Due to Magnets10
Blue-Sky Catastrophic Bifurcations Behind Emergence and Disappearance of Quasiperiodic Rubbing Oscillations in a Piecewise Smooth Rotor–Stator System10
Turing–Hopf Bifurcation and Its Normal Form in a Diffusive Three-Species Food Chain System with Strong Allee Effect10
Nonlinear Dynamics and Bifurcation Analysis of a Hinged-Clamped Beam Under Parametric and Internal Resonances10
Discretization of the Lotka–Volterra System and Asymptotic Focal and Prefocal Sets10
Scaling Analysis at Transition of Chaos Driven by Euler’s Numerical Algorithm10
Hopf Bifurcation in Oncolytic Therapeutic Modeling: Viruses as Anti-Tumor Means with Viral Lytic Cycle10
A New 4D Chaos System with an Encryption Algorithm for Color and Grayscale Images10
Classification and Soliton for a Generalized Fourth-Order Dispersive Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation in a Heisenberg Spin Chain10
Intraday Seasonality and Volatility Pattern: An Explanation with Recurrence Quantification Analysis10
Limit Cycles of Planar Piecewise Smooth Quadratic Systems with Focus-Parabolic Type Critical Points10
Stability and Hopf Bifurcation Analysis of a Reduced Gierer–Meinhardt Model9
Dynamic Analysis, Image Encryption Application and FPGA Implementation of a Discrete Memristor-Coupled Neural Network9
Limit Cycles from Hopf Bifurcation in Nongeneric Quadratic Reversible Systems with Piecewise Perturbations9
Oscillating Behavior of a Compartmental Model with Retarded Noisy Dynamic Infection Rate9
Bifurcation of Periodic Gait and Chaos in a Bipedal Model with Asymmetric Leg Motion9
Singularly Degenerate Heteroclinic Cycles with Nearby Apple-Shape Attractors9
Complicated Dynamics of a Delayed Photonic Reservoir Computing System9
Number of Limit Cycles from a Class of Perturbed Piecewise Polynomial Systems9
Global Hopf Bifurcation of State-Dependent Delay Differential Equations9
Dynamics of Fractional-Order Chaotic Rocard Relaxation Econometric System9
Stability and Bifurcation Analysis of a Beddington–DeAngelis Prey–Predator Model with Fear Effect, Prey Refuge and Harvesting9
Multistability Regions and Related Basins of Multiattractors in Piecewise Linear Discontinuous Map from Financial Markets9
Crossing Limit Cycles Bifurcating from Two or Three Period Annuli in Discontinuous Planar Piecewise Linear Hamiltonian Differential Systems with Three Zones9
Stability and Bifurcations of Equilibria in Networks with Piecewise Linear Interactions8
Generalized Hopf Bifurcation of Semilinear FDEs in General Banach Spaces8
Learning Topological Horseshoe via Deep Neural Networks8
Homoclinic Bifurcations in a Class of Three-Dimensional Symmetric Piecewise Affine Systems8
Slow–Fast Behaviors and Their Mechanism in a Periodically Excited Dynamical System with Double Hopf Bifurcations8
Data-Driven Mathematical Modeling and Dynamical Analysis for SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Bacteria8
Finite-Time Stabilization of the Fractional Model of the Driven Dissipative Nonlinear Pendulum8
Poincaré Bifurcations Induced by a Nonregular Point on the Discontinuity Boundary in a Family of Planar Piecewise Linear Differential Systems8
Diverse Causality Inference in Foreign Exchange Markets8
Expected Values in Complex Networks Constructed Using a Compression Algorithm to Time Series8
Jacobi Stability Analysis and the Onset of Chaos in a Two-Degree-of-Freedom Mechanical System8
Complex Bursting Patterns in a van der Pol–Mathieu–Duffing Oscillator8
Shortcuts to Edge-of-Chaos Domains of Memristive Circuits and Historic Measurement of Contiguous Triple-Branch V – I Curve of Chua Corsage Memristor8
Generating Chaos with Saddle-Focus Homoclinic Orbit8
The Number of Limit Cycles Bifurcating from a Degenerate Center of Piecewise Smooth Differential Systems8
Retardational Effect and Hopf Bifurcations in a New Attitude System of Quad-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle8
Complex Dynamics of a Discrete Prey–Predator Model Exposing to Harvesting and Allee Effect on the Prey Species with Chaos Control8
Periodic, Quasi-Periodic and Chaotic Oscillations in Two Heterogeneous AIMD/RED Network Congestion Models with State-Dependent Round-Trip Delays8
Bifurcations of the Riccati Quadratic Polynomial Differential Systems8
Existence, Number and Stability of Periodic Orbits Induced by Homoclinic Loops in Three-Dimensional Piecewise Linear Systems with an Admissible Saddle-Focus8
Snowball Earth Bifurcations in a Fully-Implicit Earth System Model8
Chaos and Sub-Harmonic Bifurcations in a Simple SIR Model with Periodically and Parametrically Nonlinear Incidence Rate7
Dynamics of a Discrete Population Model7
Contributions of M- and Persistent Sodium Currents in Regulating Locomotor Rhythms: A Computational Modeling Study7
Spectral Signatures of Bifurcations7
Spatial Dynamics of a Competitive and Cooperative Model with Multiple Delay Effects: Turing Patterns and Hopf Bifurcation7
Deep Learning for Nonlinear Characterization of Electrostatic Vibrating Beam MEMS7
Exploring Iterated Implicit Function Systems: Existence and Properties of Attractors7
Constructing Memristive Hindmarsh–Rose Neuron with Countless Coexisting Firings7
Global Phase Portraits of Piecewise Quadratic Differential Systems with a Pseudo-Center7
A Novel Gray-Scaled Threshold-Free Recursive Analysis Method: Revealing Tribological Behaviors and Identifying Frictional Running-In State7
Nonautonomous Single Inertial Neuron Model: Coexisting Patterns, Hamilton Energy, and Analog Circuit Implementation7
Bifurcation Analysis and Optimal Control of an SEIR Model with Limited Medical Resources and Media Impact on Heterogeneous Networks7
Local and Global Dynamics of a Ratio-Dependent Holling–Tanner Predator–Prey Model with Strong Allee Effect7
Experimental Observation of Extreme Events in the Shimizu Morioka Oscillator7
Bifurcation Analysis of a Discrete Amensalism Model7
Some Properties of a Discrete Lorenz System Obtained by Variable Midpoint Method and Its Application to Chaotic Signal Modulation7
New Class of Discrete-Time Memristor Circuits: First Integrals, Coexisting Attractors and Bifurcations Without Parameters7
Additional Food Causes Predators to Explode — Unless the Predators Compete7
Studying the Upper Bounds of the Numbers of Zeros of Abelian Integrals by the Law of Polynomials7
When and How Bifurcations and Chaos of Multidimensional Maps Can Be Reconstructed from That of 1D Endomorphism7
Bifurcation Mechanism at a Sustain Point of a Long Narrow Economy7
Quadratic Systems Possessing an Infinite Elliptic-Saddle or an Infinite Nilpotent Saddle7
2D Generating Surfaces in a Quartic Hamiltonian System with Three Degrees of Freedom – I7
Crossing Limit Cycles in Planar Piecewise Linear Systems Separated by a Nonregular Line with Node–Node Type Critical Points7
A Novel 4D Conservative Chaotic System with Hidden Extreme Multistability, Special Multitransient Behaviors, and Offset Boosting Behaviors7
Periodic Orbit Dividing Surfaces in a Quartic Hamiltonian System with Three Degrees of Freedom – I7
Simple Time-Periodic Delay Can Support Complex Dynamics7
Investigating the Stickiness in a Potential Well7
Simulation-Based Study of Biological Systems with Threshold Policy by a Differential Linear Complementarity System6
A Novel Method for Analyzing Global Bifurcation and Global Hysteresis of FGM Truncated Conical Shell Structure6
Analysis of Piecewise-Linear Hopfield Neural Network Model Based on a Novel Fractional-Order Memristor and Its Application to Image Encryption6
Explosive Transition in Coupled Oscillators Through Mixed Attractive-Repulsive Interactions6
Self-Replication in a Mathematical Model of Particle Movement in Fluids, with Its Hardware Implementation6
Switching between Dissipative and Conservative Behaviors in a Modified Hyperchaotic System with the Variation of Its Parameter6
Bifurcation Analysis and Spatio-Temporal Patterns of a Prey–Predator Model with Hunting Cooperation6
Dynamics and Circuit Implementation of a 4D Memristive Chaotic System with Extreme Multistability6
The Cusp Bifurcation of a Jerk System6
Order-Induced Bifurcation Analysis for a Three-Species Prey–Predator Model with Fear Effect under Fractional PD Control6
Collective Behavior in Neuronal Networks with Electrical and Hybrid Synapses: Frequency Responses of Oscillations6
Design and Dynamics of Multicavity Hyperchaotic Maps with Cylinder Attractors6
Influence of Two-Frequency Rotational Modulation on the Dynamics of the Rayleigh–Bénard Convection in Water-Based Nanoliquids with Either AA7072 or AA7075 Nanoparticles6
A Chaotic Image Encryption Scheme Based on Genetic Central Dogma and KMP Method6
Hopf and Zero-Double Hopf Bifurcations of 5D Hyperjerk Oscillator Network System6
Chaotic Dynamics Arising from Sliding Heteroclinic Cycles in 3D Filippov Systems6
Bifurcation Structures of the Homographic γ-Ricker Maps and Their Cusp Points Organization6
Effect of Static Bifurcation on Logical Stochastic Resonance in a Symmetric Bistable System6
Coexistence of Strange Nonchaotic Attractors in a System with Multistability and Its Application to Optimizing PID Controllers Design for Time-Delay Systems6
Jump Resonance in the Discrete-Time Chua’s Circuit6
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Gear System with Coupled Thermal-Elasto-Hydrodynamic-Nonlinear Effect6
Accelerating Synchronization via Edge-Addition or Edge-Removal in a Chaotic Directed Network6
A New Version of Distributional Chaos, Distributional Chaos in a Sequence, and Other Concepts of Chaos6
Extreme Events in a Chaotic Map-Based Higher-Order Neuronal Model6
Stability and Bifurcation Analysis for Mathematical Model of Acute Inflammatory Response with Time Delay6
Limit Cycles of a Class of Discontinuous Piecewise Differential Systems Separated by the Curve y = xn Via Averaging Theory6
Fuzzy Sampled-Data Stabilization of Hidden Oscillations in a Memristor-Based Dynamical System6
The Birth of a Hidden Attractor Through Boundary Crisis6
Limit Cycles in a Class of Continuous–Discontinuous Piecewise Linear Differential Systems with Three Zones5
Limit Cycles from Perturbing a Piecewise Smooth System with a Center and a Homoclinic Loop5
Dynamics of Dissipative Systems with Hamiltonian Structures5
Nonexistence and Uniqueness of Limit Cycles in a Class of Three-Dimensional Piecewise Linear Differential Systems5
Regions of Reduced Dynamics in Dynamic Networks5
An Audio Encryption Algorithm Based on 2D Chaotic Map and Dynamic S-Box5
Multilayer Network-Based CNN Model for Emotion Recognition5
Crises of a Fractional Birhythmic Van der Pol Oscillator Using the Improved Cell Mapping Method5
An Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Tabu Search and Hyperchaos5
Complex Patterns in a Reaction–Diffusion System with Fear and Anti-Predator Responses5
Multiparameter Bifurcation and Stability Analysis in Resource Allocation Problems of Swarm Robotic Systems5
Chaos Induced by Heteroclinic Cycles Connecting Repellers for First-Order Partial Difference Equations5
Boundedness of a Class of Complex Lorenz Systems5
A Cubic Spline Projection Method for Computing Stationary Densities of Dynamical Systems5
Single- and Double-Peak Solitary Waves of Two-Component Drinfel’d–Sokolov–Wilson System with Kuramoto–Sivashinsky Perturbation5
Complex Fluctuation of Power Price in Dual-Channel and Multienergy Supply Chain Based on Sticky Expectation5
Global Dynamics of a Predator–Prey Model with Simplified Holling Type IV Functional Response and Fear Effect5
Cryptanalyzing an Image Encryption Scheme Using Synchronization of Memristor Chaotic Systems5
Pseudo-Peakon, Periodic Peakons and Compactons on a Shallow Water Model with Coriolis Effect5
Neimark–Sacker Bifurcation of Discrete Fractional Chaotic Systems5
Revival of Oscillations from Explosive Death Under Mean-Field Attractive–Repulsive Coupling5
On the Number of Limit Cycles in Two Classes of Polynomial Differential Systems5
Genesis of Noise-Induced Multimodal Chaotic Oscillations in Enzyme Kinetics: Stochastic Bifurcations and Sensitivity Analysis5
Center Bifurcation in the Lozi Map5
Phases and Their Transitions Characterizing the Dynamics of Global Terrorism: A Multidimensional Scaling and Visualization Approach5
Multistability Switches and Codimension-2 Bifurcation in an SIRS(Z) Model with Two Delays5
Bifurcations and Chaos in a Minimal Neural Network: Forced Coupled Neurons5
Periodic Peakons and Compacton Families of the Hirota-Type Peakon Equation5
Constructing Strong S-Box by 2D Chaotic Map with Application to Irreversible Parallel Key Expansion5
Analysis of Zero–Hopf Bifurcation in a Simple Jerk System5
Fixed-/Preassigned-Time Stability Control of Chaotic Power Systems5
Spatial Dynamics in a Diffusive Ivlev-Type Predator–Prey Model with Quadratic Mortality5
Stochastic Bifurcations and Multistage Order–Chaos Transitions in a 4D Eco-Epidemiological Model5
Bifurcation Analysis of a Holling–Tanner Model with Generalist Predator and Constant-Yield Harvesting4
Attractor Merging and Amplitude Control of Hyperchaos in a Self-Reproducing Memristive Map4
Immune–Pathogen Dynamics4
Characterization of Fractal Basins Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks4
The Effects of Negative Regulation on the Dynamical Transition in Epileptic Network4
Ultimate Dynamics Analysis of the 5D Structural Leukemia Model and Partitioning of the Parameter Space4
Stability, Bifurcation and Dynamics in a Network with Delays4
Computation of Normal Form and Unfolding of Codimension-3 Zero-Hopf–Hopf Bifurcation4
FPGA Implementation for a Class of Generalized Hamiltonian Conservative Chaotic Systems Based on Integrated 4D Euler Equations with Multistability4
Periodic Orbit-Dividing Surfaces in Rotating Hamiltonian Systems with Two Degrees of Freedom4
From 1D Endomorphism to Multidimensional Hénon Map: Persistence of Bifurcation Structure4
Turing–Hopf Bifurcation Coinduced by Diffusion and Delay in Gierer–Meinhardt Systems4
Dynamics in a Filippov–Gause Predator–Prey Model with Hunting Cooperation or Competition Among Predators for High or Low Prey Densities4
Discovering Chaos-Based Communications by Recurrence Quantification and Quantified Return Map Analyses4
A Novel Nonideal Flux-Controlled Memristor Model for Generating Arbitrary Multi-Double-Scroll and Multi-Double-Wing Attractors4
Bifurcation Analysis of a Size-Structured Population Model4
Bifurcations in a General Delay Sel’kov–Schnakenberg Reaction–Diffusion System4
An Image Encryption Algorithm Based on an Epidemic Spreading Model4
Dynamics of a New Delayed Glucose–Insulin Model with Obesity4
Emergence Behavior Versus Physical-Like Behavior4
2D-Generating Surfaces in a Quartic Hamiltonian System with Three Degrees of Freedom – II4
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis and Forecasting of Symmetric Aerostatic Cavities Bearing Systems4
Existence and Number of Figure-Eight Loops in Planar Sector-Wise Linear Systems with Saddle–Saddle Dynamics4
Emergence of Hidden Strange Nonchaotic Attractors in a Rational Memristive Map4
Topological Chaos for Differential Inclusions with Multivalued Impulses on Tori4
Chaotic Circuit and Its Application in Weak Signal Detection4
Spatiotemporal Patterns of a Host-Generalist Parasitoid Reaction–Diffusion Model4
Turing–Hopf Bifurcation Analysis of the Sel’kov–Schnakenberg System4
Global Dynamics of a Fisheries Economic Model with Gradient Adjustment4
Learning Reactive Islands of the Voter97 System4
Symmetry Breaking of Three Self-Organization Rules: A General Theory for the Origin of Complexity4
Bifurcation and Exact Solutions of a Concatenation Physical Model4
Bifurcations and Chaos in a Cantilever Beam Vibration Model with Small Damping and Periodic Forced Terms4
Abnormal Probability Distribution in a Single-Degree-of-Freedom Smooth System with Velocity-Dependent Stiffness4
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