OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Liquid Crystals is 4. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2020-05-01 to 2024-05-01.)

Article	Citations
Ferroelectric nematic phase at and below room temperature	74
Electrooptics of mm-scale polar domains in the ferroelectric nematic phase	51
Role of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles on electro-optic performance of epoxy-resin-based PDLC devices	47
Structural variants ofRM734in the design of splay nematic materials	42
Multiple ferroelectric nematic phases of a highly polar liquid crystal compound	42
The ferroelectric nematic phase: an optimum liquid crystal candidate for nonlinear optics	36
Polymer dispersed liquid crystals doped with CeO₂ nanoparticles for the smart window	31
A Tunable Metamaterial Absorber Based on Liquid Crystal with the Compact Unit cell and the Wideband Absorption	27
Ideal mixing of paraelectric and ferroelectric nematic phases in liquid crystals of distinct molecular species	27
The twist bend nematic: a case of mistaken identity	26
Dielectrical, electro-optical and textural studies of 5CB nematic liquid crystal doped with TiO₂ and Cu-TiO₂ nanoparticle	26
Mesomorphic study and DFT simulation of calamitic Schiff base liquid crystals with electronically different terminal groups and their binary mixtures	26
Effects of the methacrylate monomers with different end groups on the morphologies, electro-optical and mechanical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystals composite films	26
Synthesis, mesomorphic and geometrical approaches of new non-symmetrical system based on central naphthalene moiety	25
Thioether-linked azobenzene-based liquid crystal dimers exhibiting the twist-bend nematic phase over a wide temperature range	22
Enhanced electro-optical response of nematic liquid crystal doped with functionalised silver nanoparticles in twisted nematic configuration	21
Experimental and geometrical structure characterizations of new synthesized laterally fluorinated nematogenic system	21
Experimental and computational simulations of nematogenic liquid crystals based on cinnamic acid in pure and mixed state	21
Setting things straight in ‘The twist-bend nematic: a case of mistaken identity’	19
Viewing-angle-switching film based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals for smart anti-peeping liquid crystal display	19
New azo-benzothiazole based liquid crystals: synthesis and study of the effect of lateral ‎substituents on their liquid crystalline behaviour	19
Effects of multifunctional acrylates and thiols on the morphology and electro-optical properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal films	18
The parasitic effects in high-frequency dielectric spectroscopy of liquid crystals – the review	18
Self-assembling behaviour of new functional photosensitive cinnamoyl-based reactive mesogens	18
The regulation of electric-optical properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals via implantation of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) microstructure	18

Octadecylamine-capped CdSe/ZnS quantum dot dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal for potential display application: Investigation on photoluminescence and UV absorbance	18
Effect of the introduction of mono-functional monomer on the electro-optic properties of reverse-mode polymer stabilised cholesteric liquid crystal	17
Effect of oil palm leaf-based carbon quantum dot on nematic liquid crystal and its electro-optical effects	17
Dielectric and electro-optic studies of a ferroelectric liquid crystal dispersed with different sizes of silica nanoparticles	17
A convenient one-pot synthesis, and characterisation of the ω-bromo-1-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4’-yl) alkanes (CBnBr)	17
Polymer dispersed liquid crystals doped with low concentrationγ-Fe₂O₃nanoparticles	16
New fluorinated azo/schiff base liquid crystals: synthesis, characterisation, mesomorphic study and DFT calculations	16
Enhanced dielectric properties of Nematic liquid crystal doped with ferroelectric nanoparticles	16
Supramolecular ferroelectric nematic materials	16
Mesomorphic and DFT diversity of Schiff base derivatives bearing protruded methoxy groups	16
Broadband reflection in polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal film with zinc oxide nanoparticles film thermal diffusion method	15
Preparation of cholesteric polymer networks with broadband reflection memory effect	15
Mesophase behavior of four ring ester/azomethine/ester liquid crystals in pure and mixed states	15
Influence of ZnO NPs on morphological and electro-optical properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals	14
Enhancing morphological, electro-optical and dielectric properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal by doping of disperse Orange 25 dye in LC E7	14
Improved skin-permeated diclofenac-loaded lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticles: QbD-driven industrial feasible process and assessment of skin deposition	14
Fringe field effect free high-resolution display and photonic devices using deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal	14
Textural and electro-optical study of a room temperature nematic liquid crystal 4̍-pentyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile doped with metal oxide nanowires in planar and in-plane switching cell configurations	14
Enhancement of electro-optical and dielectric parameters of a room temperature nematic liquid crystalline material by dispersing multi-walled carbon nanotubes	13
Fluorescence enhancement of quantum dots from the titanium dioxide/liquid crystals/polymer composite films	13
Odd-even effects in liquid crystals	13
Synthesis and mesomorphic study of new phenylthiophene liquid crystals	13
A practical guide to versatile photoalignment of azobenzenes	13
Combined effect of hydroxylated and fluorinated acrylate monomers on improving the electro-optical and mechanical performances of PDLC-films	12
Fast LiDAR systems based on ferroelectric liquid crystal Dammann grating	12
Liquid crystal core polymer fiber mat electronic gas sensors	12
Thermal and optical properties of amphitropic liquid crystals derived from cholesterol and cinnamic acid	12
Dielectric and electro optical properties of 6CHBT nematic liquid crystals doped with MgO nanoparticles	12
The relationship between crosslinker, liquid crystal, and magnetic nanomaterial doping on electro-optical properties of PDLC	12
Effective control of optical purity by chiral HPLC separation for ester-based liquid crystalline materials forming anticlinic smectic phases	11
Band-edge-enhanced tunable random laser using a polymer-stabilised cholesteric liquid crystal	11
Remarkable stabilisation of the intercalated smectic phases of nonsymmetric dimers by tert-butyl groups	11
Molecular structure and the twist-bend nematic phase: the role of terminal chains	10
Synthesis and properties of benzoxazole-terminated mesogenic compounds containing tolane with high birefringence and large dielectric anisotropy	10
Textural, electro-optical, dielectric and fluorescence studies of citrate buffer stabilized gold nanoparticles doped in polymer-dispersed liquid crystals composites	10
Controlling the self-assembly and photophysical properties of biscyanovinyl terphenyl-based hexacatenars by changing the degree of fluorination	10
Fluorinated twist-bend nematogens: the role of intermolecular interaction	10
Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Achiral Unsymmetrical Four-ring based Hockey-stick Shaped Liquid Crystals: Structure-Property relationship	10
Functionalised liquid crystal microfibers for hydrogen peroxide and catalase detection using whispering gallery mode	10
Effect of π-conjugation units on the liquid crystal and photovoltaic performance of heterocyclic pyridine-based compounds	10
Measuring the five elastic constants of a nematic liquid crystal elastomer	10
Tunable optical properties for ORW e-paper	10
Heliconical cholesteric liquid crystals as electrically tunable optical filters in notch and bandpass configurations	10
Twist-bend nematics and heliconical cholesterics: a physico-chemical analysis of phase transitions and related specific properties	9
High dielectric properties, TiO₂ nanoparticles doped PDLC devices for lower switching voltage	9
Boost in the thermal stability, ionic conductivity and director relaxation frequency in the composite of liquid crystal and functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes	9
Highly sensitive and transparent flexible temperature sensor based on nematic liquid crystals	9
An overview of HPDLC films and their applications	9
The influence of the structure of terminal groups and cores on the properties of schiff base star-shaped liquid crystals	9
Optical and dielectric analysis of ZnO nanorods doped polymer dispersed liquid crystal and ethanol gas sensing investigation	9

Tri-state switching of a high-order parameter, double-layered guest-host liquid-crystal shutter, doped with the mesogenic molecule 4HPB	9
Investigation of dielectric and optical properties of pure and diamond nanoparticles dispersed nematic liquid-crystal PCH5	9
Ferroelectric chiral nematic liquid crystals: new photonic materials with multiple bandgaps controllable by low electric fields	9
The ferroelectric nematic phase: on the role of lateral alkyloxy chains	9
Effect of functionality of thiol on the optical properties of liquid crystals/polymer composite films	9
The role of nanomesh fibres loaded with fluorescent materials on the electro-optical performance of PDLC devices	9
Study on electro-optical and adhesion properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal films from thiol-ene click reaction	8
Accurate determination on the pre-tilt angle of liquid crystal cell by combining optical and electrical measurement	8
Acylhydrazones liquid crystals: effect of structure over thermal behaviour and molecular switching	8
Molecular packing analysis of the crystal smectic E phase of a benzothieno-benzothiophene derivative by a combined experimental / computational approach	8
Perspective on structure-property relationship of room temperature single-component liquid crystals	8
5,6-Difluorobenzofuran: a new core for the design of liquid crystal compound with large dielectric anisotropy and broad nematic range	8
Synthesis, mesomorphic properties, and theoretical study of benzothiazole-aromatic molecules with ester- and azomethine-linking groups	8
Mixing-induced phase stabilization and low-temperature-shifting of ferroelectric nematics	8
Impact of dispersed graphene oxide on thermodynamical, optical, electro optical and dielectric properties of nematic liquid crystal	8
Low voltage liquid crystal microlens array based on polyvinyl alcohol convex induced vertical alignment	8
Fringe-field-induced out-of-plane reorientation in vertically aligned nematic spatial light modulators and its effect on light diffraction	8
Liquid crystalline hydrazones revisited: dipolar interactions vs hydrogen bonding affecting mesomorphic properties	8
Polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal sensor for sensitive and selective detection of organic vapors	8
Studies on electro-optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystals doped with reticular nanofiber films prepared by electrospinning	8
Multi-stable cholesteric liquid crystal windows with four optical states	8
Unsymmetrical Coumarin based dimeric liquid crystals: Synthesis, Characterization, Mesomorphic investigation, Photoluminescence and Thermal conductivity	8
A controllable viewing angle optical film using micro prisms filled with liquid crystal	8
Folding-induced in-plane birefringence in homeotropically aligned graphene-oxide liquid crystal films formed by solution shear	7
Optical edge imaging based on the birefringence property and electro-optic tunability characteristic of the liquid crystals	7
Liquid-crystalline dimers containing cholesteryl groups and azobenzene moieties with branched allyl chain: synthesis and properties	7
Physical properties of liquid crystals doped with CsPbBr₃ quantum dots	7
Young’s interference experiment using self-aligned liquid crystal optical control devices	7
Study on concentric configuration of nematic liquid crystal droplet by Landau-de Gennes theory	7
Liquid crystalline behaviour of new dimers containing coumarin and biphenyl moieties and enhancement of their thermal conductivity: liquid crystal-nanoparticles	7
Classification of liquid crystal textures using convolutional neural networks	7
New Schiff’s base cinnamates/benzoates liquid crystals with lateral methyl substitutes: characterisation, mesomorphic behaviour and DFT calculation	7
Tunability of the elastocaloric response in main-chain liquid crystalline elastomers	7
Enhancement of thermal, dielectric and electro-optical properties of fluoro hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals	7
A long-term stable low-viscous self-organized blue phase liquid crystal superstructure with wide operation temperature range	7
Self-assembled star-shaped liquid crystals based on 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene with pendant alkyloxylated azobenzene arms	7
Preparation of polyimide alignment films with high photosensitivity and low solid content	7
Triphenylene-fluorescein-triphenylene trimers: novel columnar liquid crystals with solid fluorescence	7
Binary mixtures of bent-core molecules forming distinct types of B4 phase nano- and microfilament morphologies	7
Thermal stability and electro-optical characteristics of polymer stabilised blue phase liquid crystalline materials: a role of polymer concentration	7
Compact integral imaging 2D/3D compatible display based on liquid crystal micro-lens array	7
Structurally coloured organic–inorganic hybrid silica films with a chiral nematic structure prepared through a self-templating approach	7
Influence of multifluorophenyloxy terminus on the mesomorphism of the alkoxy and alkyl cyanobiphenyl compounds in search of new ambient nematic liquid crystals and mixtures	7
Tunable liquid crystal metamaterial filter with polarization-insensitive characteristic	6
Generalization of the Maier-Saupe theory to the ferroelectric nematic phase	6
On the measurement of the bend elastic constant in nematic liquid crystals close to the nematic-to-SmA and the nematic-to-N_TB phase transitions	6
Chloro-benzothiazole Schiff base ester liquid crystals: synthesis and mesomorphic ‎investigation	6
Mesogenic homologous series with a butoxyethyl terminal chain	6
Effect of chiral monomer containing D(+)-camphoric acid on the optical properties and phase behaviours of side-chain cholesteric liquid crystal polymers	6
Conoscopic image of a biaxial negative in a reentrant discotic – biaxial nematic phase transition	6
The Magic 4-Cyanoresocinols - Their Role in the Understanding of Phenomena at the Rod-Banana Cross-Over and Relations to Twist-Bend Phases and Other Newly Emerging LC Phase Types	6
Birth and annihilation of topological defects on the nematic–isotropic interface during droplet coalescence	6
TiO₂ doped polymer dispersed and stabilised liquid crystal smart film with high contrast ratio, low driving voltage and short response time	6
The smectogenity as a crucial factor of broadening of the selective light reflection peak in cholesteric photopolymerizable mixtures	6
Rheological behaviour and antibacterial activities of MWCNTs/ lyotropic liquid crystals based nanocolloids	6
Band-gap-tailoring in Liquid Crystals: Organizing Metal Atoms and Nanoclusters in LC Media	6
Dispersion of thiol capped AuNPs in rufigallol derivative discotic liquid crystal-Enhanced one dimensional electrical conductivity	6
Preparation and properties of water-responsive films with color controllable based on liquid crystal and poly(ethylene glycol) interpenetrating polymer network	6
Electro-optical response of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals doped with γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles	6
Depth-enhanced 2D/3D switchable integral imaging display by using n-layer focusing control units	6
Rheological properties of discotic nematic liquid crystals: graphene oxide dispersions study	6
Thermally bandwidth-controllable reflective liquid crystal films prepared by doping nano-sized electrospun fibers	6
Synthesis of new mesomorphic terphenyl derivatives: the influence of terphenylene and functional fragments on the mesomorphic properties and ligand exchange on quantum dots	6
Intensity-dependent optical nonlinearities of composite materials made of ionic liquid crystal glass and bimetallic nanoparticles	6
Dielectric response of a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystalline phase in thin cells	6
Preparation of a novel ternary photosensitive polyimide for liquid crystal alignment films	6
Capacitive-type liquid crystal temperature sensor	6
Testing different supervised machine learning architectures for the classification of liquid crystals	6
New quaterphenyls laterally substituted by methyl group and their influence on the self-assembling behaviour of ferroelectric bicomponent mixtures	6
Introduction of 5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene core unit into phenyl-tolane: Expanding the mesophase range and increasing the birefringence and dielectric anisotropy of liquid cry	6
Favourable combination of axial coordination and inclusion for effective chiral transfer from metal porphyrin to nematic liquid crystals	6
Real-time liquid crystal-based creatinine sensor using a micro-patterned flexible substrate	6
Synthesis and properties of wholly aromatic phosphorus-containing thermotropic liquid crystal copolyesters with excellent fibre formation ability	6
Chemical and physical aspects of recent bent-shaped liquid crystals exhibiting chiral and achiral mesophases	6
Automated flow synthesis of algorithmically designed ferroelectric nematogens	6
Enhancement of the physical parameters due to the dispersion of functionalised gold nanoparticles in a room temperature nematic liquid crystal	5
Order parameter and electro-optical properties in polymer-dispersed liquid crystals	5
Mesophase behaviour of 1,2,3-triazole-based nematic liquid crystals influenced by varying alkyl chains and halogen atom substitution	5
Interactions investigated by the spectroscopic, microscopic and molecular docking studies for liquid crystal-based biosensor	5
Novel nematic and glassy liquid crystalline oligomers as electroluminescent organic semiconductors	5

Chiral polymer network stabilised blue phase liquid crystals	5
Effect of the position of cyano group in α-cyano-functionalised diarylethene chiral fluorescent photoswitches on phototunable behaviours of cholesteric liquid crystals	5
Experimental and computational studies of laterally ethoxy Schiff base-ester liquid crystalline magnets	5
Charge-, salt- and flexoelectricity-driven anchoring effects in nematics	5
Colourful patterns prepared using a cholesteric liquid crystal mixture with both thermochromic and photochromic properties	5
The Electro-optical study of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles doped polymer dispersed liquid crystal films	5
Benzoxazole-based nematic liquid crystals containing ethynyl and two lateral fluorine atoms with large birefringence	5
Effect of replacing the terminal phenyl ring with 3-pyridyl and inversion of imine linkage on the mesophase behaviour of four-ring azo/ester/Schiff base compounds	5
Chiral nematic liquid crystal organization of natural polymer nanocrystals	5
Synthesis and microwave dielectric properties of polyphenylene liquid crystal compounds with lateral substitution by methyl and fluorine	5
Exploration of nanofibre/nanoparticle/PDLC composite system	5
1,2,3-Triazole lamellar liquid crystal and its non-covalent palladium complex dimer: structure, mesomorphism and self-assembly properties	5
Precision adiabatic scanning calorimetry of a nematic – ferroelectric nematic phase transition	5
Preparation and optical properties of linear polysiloxane-based glassy cholesteric liquid crystals with green reflected colour	5
Dielectric and electro-optical studies of Au/SnO₂ core/shell nanocrystals incorporated ferroelectric liquid crystal	5
Synthesis and properties of isothiocyanate liquid crystals containing cyclohexene unit	5
Self-diffusion method for broadband reflection in polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal films	5
Imidazole and benzoimidazole derived new ionic liquid crystal compounds: synthesis, characterisation, mesomorphic properties and DFT computations	5
The cholesteric and TGB phases under the applied electric field	5
Azimuthal and polar anchoring energies of aligning layers structured by nonlinear laser lithography	5
Tunable pretilt angle based on gelator-doped planar liquid crystal cells	5
Effect of methoxy groups on liquid crystalline and self-assembling properties of 2,7,12-tris(methoxy)-3,8,13-tris(alkoxy)-5,10,15-truxenones	5
¹³C NMR investigations and molecular order of nematogens with biphenyl and bithiophene at terminus	5
Selection rules and a new model for stable topological defect arrays in nematic liquid crystal	5
Improvement in the electro-optical and electronic properties of the reduced graphene oxide dispersed in a liquid crystalline material 4’-octyl-4-cyano-biphenyl	5
Effect of azimuthal anchoring energy on rewriting speed of optical rewritable e-paper	5
Polymer dispersed liquid crystal thin films for sensing toluene	5
Electrically controllable reflection bandwidth polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals with low operating voltage	5
Cholesteric liquid-crystalline DNA – a new type of chemical detector of ionizing radiation	5
Synthesis of cholesterol containing unsymmetrical dimers: a new series of liquid crystals	5
Synthesis, mesomorphic properties and DFT calculations of new coumarin Schiff base-ester liquid crystals	5
Two-dimensional snapshot measurement of surface variation of anchoring in liquid crystal cells	5
Enhanced stability of the nematic phase of 4-pentyl-4ʹ-cyanobiphenyl due to the dispersion of copper nanoparticles	5
Photonic properties of polymer-stabilized photosensitive cholesteric liquid crystal studied by combination of optical activity, transmission and fluorescence	5
Elastic and electro-optical properties of flexible fluorinated dimers with negative dielectric anisotropy	5
Ordering of oblate hard particles between symmetric penetrable walls	4
Effect of the magnetic nanoparticle concentration on the electro-optical properties of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystals	4
Effects of terminal substituents on mesomorphic properties of Schiff base – ester mesogens and DFT calculations	4
A facile synthesis of a room-temperature chiral discotic nematic liquid crystal based on pentaalkynylbenzene core	4
Chiral ferronematic liquid crystals: a physico-chemical analysis of phase transitions and induced helical twisting	4
Liquid crystalline dimers containing a cholesteryl group: chiral smectic phases and TGBA* phase	4
Laterally substituted biphenyl benzoates ‒ synthesis and mesomorphic properties	4
Effect of γ-irradiation on the display parameters of a room temperature ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture	4
High birefringence nematic liquid crystals containing both thieno[3,2-b]thiophene core and acetylene bond	4
The effect of partially fluorinated chain length on the mesomorphic properties of chiral 2’,3’-difluoroterphenylates	4
Self-assembly, phase behaviour and ion-conducting property of pyridinium-based ionic liquid-crystalline oligomers	4
Exploring the behaviour of the twist-bend nematic phase using NMR with a variety of spin probes	4
Pyridine-based chiral smectogens: effects of polar end groups on liquid crystal properties	4
Synthesis and properties of novel 6,7-dihydrocyclopenta[5,6-b]benzofuran-based liquid crystal compounds	4
Liquid crystal lenticular lens array with extended aperture by using gradient refractive index compensation	4
Mesomorphism of novel stilbene-based bent-core liquid crystals	4
Detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody for the diagnosis of past-COVID-19 infection cases using a liquid-crystal-based immunosensor	4
Three-dimensional soliton-like distortions in flexoelectric nematic liquid crystals: modelling and linear analysis	4
Instantaneous mapping of liquid crystal orientation using a polychromatic polarizing microscope	4
Directional modulated light-emitting technology based on airborne display	4
Improvement in molecular ordering of ferroelectric liquid crystal by incorporating CuGaS ₂ /ZnS core/shell quantum dots	4
Porous carbon nanoparticles dispersed nematic liquid crystal: influence of the particle size on electro-optical and dielectric parameters	4
Fast photo- and electro-optical switching of the polymer- stabilised cholesteric liquid crystal composite prepared by the template method	4
Construction of a liquid crystalline double helix supramolecular structure and its electro-responsive behaviour	4
Dielectric, electro-optical and viscoelastic properties of nematic phase driven by hydrogen-bonding between cyano group and fluoroalkoxybenzoic acid	4
Liquid-crystalline behaviour and electrorheological effect of phthalocyanine-based ionic liquid crystals	4
Synthesis and characterization of new pyridine-based chiral calamitic liquid crystals	4
Optical sensing of organic vapor using blue phase liquid crystals	4
Improved electro-optical properties of ferroelectric liquid crystal by incorporating alloyed quaternary ZnCuGaS ₂ /ZnS core/shell quantum dots	4
Effect of silicon-based nanofillers on the electric-optical performance of polymer dispersed liquid crystals	4
Alkoxy-bromo-azulenes displaying ambient temperature smectic E-phases	4
Liquid Crystals for IR: Part III - Bi- and multicomponent mixtures based on perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkoxy terminated oligophenyls and tolanes	4
Synthesis of β-cyclodextrin Functionalized silica nanoparticles and their effects on the dielectric, optical and electro-optic properties of nematic liquid crystal	4
Non-linear disulphide-centred S-shaped oligomers with inner and outer spacers connected by aromatic azo moieties	4
Nano-doped PDLC combined with photochromic material for bifunctional optical control films	4
Doping white carbon black particles to adjust the electro-opticical properties of PDLC	4
Disclination network morphologies in blue phase III	4
New negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals based on benzofuran core	4
Tunable liquid crystal microlens array with negative and positive optical powers based on a self-assembled polymer convex array	4
Observation of a frustrated nematic phase in amphiphilic, disc-like complexes of gold(III) containing hydrocarbon and semiperfluorocarbon terminal chains	4
A novel nematic tri-carbazole as a hole-transport material for solution-processed OLEDs	4
Deuterated Liquid Crystals - design and synthesis of deuterium labelled 4,4ʺ-dialkyl-2′,3′-difluoro-[1,1′:4′,1ʺ]terphenyls using batch and continuous flow systems	4
Electrically driven structures in bent-core nematics	4
Janus mesophases of matter	4
Broaden reflection bandwidth of chiral nematic liquid crystals by chiral compound-loaded thermally responsive microcapsules	4