Ironmaking & Steelmaking

Article	Citations
Effect of P 2 O 5 on the viscous flow and crystallisation behaviour of slag in the double slag con	159
Reutilisation of spent SCR catalyst powder in the direct reduction process	143
Investigating kissing point location and solidification front in twin roll casting of steel through finite-element-based thermo-fluid models	100
Mathematical modelling of sinter quality and analysis of variables in a sinter plant	90
Refining behaviour of vacuum oxygen decarburisation process	65
Mechanism of surface rust defects on tinplate strip steel during storage and transportation	25
Precipitate behaviour of large-sized Nb(C, N) in micro-alloyed steel	24
Effect of cooling conditions on the size evolution of typical inclusions in the Al-Ti deoxidised steel	23
Optimization of VD/VOD multi-stage serial steam ejectors based on CFD	22
A low-cost strategy to improve strength-ductility-toughness balance in a low-carbon steel	17
Understanding casting behaviour of low carbon high manganese steel through detailed characterization of mould powder and mould top slag	16
Hydraulic and numerical simulation of flow field characteristics in induction heating continuous casting tundish	15
A comparative study on environmentally friendly ironmaking process through air to oxygen	15
Composition optimization and high-temperature characteristics of fluorine-free CaO-SiO 2 -FeO-B 2	15
Coke reactivity index: application of robust machine learning algorithms for prediction capabilities	14
Enhancement of strength of blast furnace flue dust – iron oxide – fly ash composite briquette using ANOVA-based mathematical model	14
Analysis of the cracking causes of battery steel shell	13
Study on the mechanism and evolution of cross-scale damage in hot-rolled work rolls based on an accelerated proxy model	13
Effect of depressions on the three-dimensional propagation of longitudinal surface crack in continuous casting strands of hypo-peritectic steel	13
Research on process parameters of homogenised continuous casting for GCr15 bearing steel bloom	13
Slim-YOLOv8: A fast and accurate algorithm for surface defect detection of steel strips	13
Sustainability study of carbothermic reduction of mill scale briquettes as alternative burden to induction furnace-based steel melting	12
Molecular dynamics study on the effect of ferrite structure on the mechanical characteristics of pearlite	12
Effect of alkali metal–fluoride composite system in the blast furnace on the thermal properties and microstructure of coke	12
Research on shrinkage defects of an 18-ton steel ingot with a large height-to-diameter ratio prepared under vacuum conditions	12

Consolidation and reduction behaviour of pellets with sea sand vanadium titanomagnetite: a microscopic interpretation of macroscopic properties	12
Analysing the HIsmelt process for smelting vanadium–titanium magnetite	11
Two-dimensional spectroscopic analysis of sulphur group and pyrite transformations in coal coking	11
Investigation of the effects of lubrication type, blankholder force and force holding time on the spring-back behaviour for hat-shaped MART steels	11
Reduction characteristics of cold-agglomerated pellets in blast furnace conditions	11
Effects of the rare earth Ce addition method and quantity on the modification of Al-containing inclusions in Q355C steel	11
Study on the effect of Al 2 O 3 on the crystallization behaviour of MnO–SiO	11
Simulation study of irrigation system in the cross-pipe primary cooler of coke oven gas purification	10
Numerical simulation of flow field in continuous casting slab mould under EMS conditions assisted with high-temperature quantitative velocity measurement	10
The mechanism and kinetics of zinc ferrite formation in steelmaking processes—A review	10
Melting and sintering characteristics of carbon-free mold fluxes	10
Evaluation of longitudinal cracks in thin slab using coupled fluid flow and thermo-mechanical numerical modelling approach	10
Effect of Al 2 O 3 on the dissolution behaviour of lime in CaO–SiO 2	10
Mathematical model of molten iron and slag flow in the hearth	10
Plate mill metallurgical quality improvement and process control using off-line simulation and digitalization	10
Research on shear-thinning and surface properties of CaO–SiO 2 –CaF 2 –Al	9
Effect of municipal sludge addition on the sinter process and sinter quality	9
Influence of preheating lump ore on blast furnace smelting energy saving and consumption reduction	9
Kinetic analysis on reduction process of copper slag with and without CaO	9
Effect of crystallisation state on deformation behaviour of different-size inclusions during hot rolling process	9
Study on heat storage characteristics and carbon optimisation in the sintering process	9
Vanadium extraction from vanadinite and high carbon v-bearing stone coal by coupling reduction smelting and oxalic acid hydrothermal leaching	9
Process modelling for the production of hydrogen-based direct reduced iron in shaft furnaces using different ore grades	9
Effect of MgO on solidification crystallisation behaviour of high SiO 2 content MnO–SiO 2 –Al	9
Study on the vision transformer numerical regression based prediction model of the outlet induction heating set temperature for a hot-dip galvanised steel strip	8
Long-time strain aging responses of commercial dual-phase steels at room temperature	8
Statement of Retraction: The effect of laminar cooling heat transfer coefficient on the temperature field of steel plate	8
Editorial	8
Prediction of transverse thickness difference in medium- and high-carbon steels based on transformer and optimisation of rolling schedules	8
Process parameter optimization for spring back in steel grade sheet materials under V-bending using FEM and ANN approach	8
Experimental study on co-disposal of multisource metallurgical dusts	8
Research on slag layer identification in soft blowing of ladle based on image processing technology and numerical simulation	8
Solid carbonaceous materials transformation during pulverised coal and natural gas co-injection	8
Intelligent prediction of energy consumption for the billet reheating of hot-rolled seamless steel pipe	7
Predictive method for caking property of blended weakly caking or non-caking coal based on coal petrography and structural detection	7
Influence of various counter-bodies on the sliding friction and wear response of M50 steel	7
A critical review of the role of Mould current in the remelting processes	7
High-temperature oxidation behavior and subsurface phase transformation of high-Mn high-Al steel	7
Cleansing the molten steel due to the dispersed in situ phase induced by the composite sphere explosion reaction II. Inclusion removal	7
Correction	7
DT-MNLR: a novel hybrid machine learning framework for precise coke strength and reactivity prediction	7
Effect of ladle slag composition on the cleanliness of Al-Ti deoxidized interstitial-free steel	7
Effect of grain-size distribution on elevated temperature tensile behaviour of a Cr–Mn–N austenitic stainless steel	7
Dynamic prediction of flue gas information driven by converter mouth flame spectral information	7
Optimisation of an oxygen supply prediction model based on the K-nearest neighbours (KNN) algorithm using the Pearson correlation coefficient	7
Effect of TiO 2 on melting and crystallisation properties of CaF 2 (50%)-CaO-Al	7
Optimisation of influencing factors for iron recovery rate in melting reduction ironmaking using response surface methodology	7
Formation and control of longitudinal cracks in hypoperitectic steel slabs	7
Mechanistic study on the utilisation and mineral formation of incineration fly ash in sintering	7
Vacuum degassing impact on non-metallic inclusions during clean steelmaking	7

Numerical simulation on coking process of coke oven with external flue gas recirculation	7
Thermodynamic modelling of steelmaking slag to reduce refractory consumption during CONARC ® process	7
Regional steel price index predictions for the southwest Chinese market through machine learning	7
Reverse aging of pearlitic carbon steel wire rod	7
Process optimisation of alternating final electromagnetic stirring in the continuous casting of large-size round blooms	6
Prediction model for hot rolling force in electrical steel involving phase transformation using SSA-LSTM network and mathematical model	6
Structural optimisation of three-strand asymmetric tundish for super large round bloom continuous casting	6
Sticker breakout recognition based on temperature characteristics and stacking multi-classifier model	6
Optimisation of final electromagnetic stirring installation position in 800 mm round bloom based on liquid core radius ratio and feeding ability	6
Effect of nitrogen-containing alloy and N 2 injection on nitrogen absorption and cleanliness of molten steel in RH vacuum	6
Hot metal quality improvement in TATA steel: A decade long journey	6
Effect of water vapour on the interface reaction between carbon brick and molten iron in blast furnace hearth	6
Prediction of Ms temperature based on alloying composition parameter assisted by machine learning	6
A second decomposition-based CNN-LSTM model for predicting sintered ore alkalinity	6
Response analysis of a continuously-cast billet under the impact vibration of the solidification end	6
Reverse aging of steel wire rods: The influence of microstructure	6
Strip tracking control using novel insights into the differential rolling process	6
Intelligent roll contour optimisation method based on SVR surrogate model and big data	6
Flow field characteristics of high-pressure and wide-coverage water spray during secondary cooling of continuous casting	6
Numerical simulation of the hydrogen direct reduction of hematite pellets based on three-step random pore model	5
Effect of CaO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 –MgO(–CaF	5
Effects of different annealing time on microstructure and mechanical properties of lightweight Al-containing medium-Mn steel	5
Investigation on hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of superaustenitic stainless steel S31254 during elevated temperature compression testing	5
Influence mechanism of different reactive Iron Carbon Agglomerates on softening–melting–dropping properties of BF mixed burdens	5
Directionally solidified structure of peritectic steel	5
Comparative analysis of absorbents in the chemical absorption method for CO 2 capture in converter gas	5
Research on hot deformation behaviour of as-cast W12Cr4V5Co5 steel	5
Studies on characterization of properties of low-grade hematite iron ores and their fired pellets	5
Machine learning-based process parameter optimisation and strip plate shape improvement in steel production	5
Scrap dissolution effect in BOF converter process	5
Effect of arc parameters on metal transfer in consumable electrode melting during the VAR process by numerical investigation	5
Soft sensor model for endpoint carbon content and temperature in BOF steelmaking based on just-in-time learning with multilayer structure preservation and sparse information enhancement	5
Hydrogen process metallurgy: From ways of managing iron-bearing waste to hydrogen technology for steel smelting	5
Edge drop prediction of hot-rolled silicon steel based on a mechanism and data model	5
Temperature-dependent permeability of sinter and pellets under hydrogen-rich conditions for lumpy zone in the blast furnace	5
Study on the effect of Al-La composite deoxidation on the modification behaviors of TiN and sulfide inclusions in 20CrMnTi gear steel	4
A size-dependent closure criterion for slab corner defects during vertical rolling process based on mathematical method	4
Interaction between alternating current arcs and Titanium slag pools and its effect on flow and heat transfer	4
Control of macrosegregation at the steel gradient transition by submerged entry nozzle and mold electromagnetic stirring	4
Effect of Al 2 O 3 on viscosity and structure of CaO–SiO 2	4
Effect of process parameters on characteristic distribution of droplets generated by internal mixing air-mist nozzle	4
Effect of boron and cerium additions on microstructures and mechanical properties in simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone of Al-killed high-strength steel	4
The effects of laser-assisted heat treatment on warm formability of dual-phase materials	4
Statistical analysis and prediction of Al 2 O 3 –SiC–C based blast furnace trough refractory wear	4
Prediction model of BOF end-point phosphorus content and sulfur content based on LWOA-TSVR	4
Experimental study on parameters optimisation of adding vanadium-titanium magnetite to iron ore pellet	4
Development of molten steel end-point temperature prediction model in electric arc furnace steelmaking process using data mining methods	4
A mathematical model for the thermal state of a steel ladle	4
A visual slag peeling detection method in blast furnace	4
Effect of Cu on the texture evolution and mechanical properties of interstitial-free steels	4
Investigating the sensitivity of dual-phase steel microstructure to continuous annealing line parameters	4
Investigation on multiphase flow behaviour and formation of slag eyes in a five-strand billet continuous casting tundish	4
Effect of dimensionless numbers on vortexing during continuous casting processes	4
Comprehensive prediction and grade evaluation of sinter chemical composition by maximise sintering process information	4
The calibration of the MMC damage model under various hardening models and yielding criterions for DP800 steel	4
Evaluation of motion behaviour of inclusions at the moulten steel–slag interface based on a modified model	4
Deep ensemble decision network for predicting quality of converter steelmaking with small variance	4
Iron temperature regulation method based on process optimisation and fuzzy control	4
An unresolved CFD-DEM method for studying migration and clogging of fine particles through a packed bed	4
Effect of high hot blast temperature on low-carbon ironmaking in large blast furnaces	4
Molecular dynamics analysis of the microstructural behavior of fluoride ions in CaO–SiO 2 -based and CaO–Al 2	4
Effects of sulphur content and cooling rate on the precipitation characteristics of MnS in high-sulphur peritectic steel	4
Analysis of true and false sticker breakouts’ characteristics based on mould thermal image	4
Wettability of molten CaO-Al 2 O 3 -MgO slag on some refractory materials at 1773K	4
Microstructure and mechanical properties of multiaxially forged Fe–30Mn–9Al–0.8C and Fe–20Mn–10Al–1C low-density steels	4
Calculation of production balances and costs in ladle furnace refining process with addition of scrap steel	3
Effect of isothermal cooling on solidification behaviour of peritectic steel under in situ observation	3
Analysis and optimisation on the energy consumption of electric arc furnace steelmaking	3
Prediction of the ribbon length to determine the viscosity of ladle-refining powder containing CaF 2 using inclined plane test and advanced mathemati	3
Development of novel compound binders incorporated in cold-bonded briquettes for carbon neutral and economical blast furnace iron production	3
Evaluation of the sulphide capacity of Na 2 O-containing silicate slags using a structural model	3
An effective control method for silicon content in hot metal: Model predictive control (MPC) based on CNN–LSTM–Attention algorithm	3
Modelling the influence of scrap size on charge-to-melt time and metallic loss in EAFs	3
Study on the synergistic effect of electromagnetic stirring and mechanical reduction on the improvement of the internal homogeneity of high-carbon steel billet	3
Electrochemical study on equilibrium mechanisms of the Al–O with different Al contents in liquid iron	3
Factors influencing reactivity of quicklime from zero-emission electrified calcination processes	3
Effect of submerged entry port structure on fluid flow, solidification and inclusions motion in Ф800 mm large section round billets continuous casting	3
Presetting control of bending force in cold-strip rolling process based on the SSA-BP prediction model	3
Interface reaction between carbon composite brick and blast furnace slag	3
Validated kinetic modelling of ladle furnace process for predicting inclusions in API steel grade	3

Numerical study on coherent jet characteristics with bunch-type nozzle structure at various shrouding gas parameters	3
Investigation on the control of rare earth content and surface quality of ingot during electroslag remelting process	3
Optimisation study of roll profile for controlling high-order wave defects in an ultra-wide rolling mill	3
Component optimization of sintering raw material based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and response surface method	3
Role of self-disintegrating effect produced by decomposition of limestone core on accelerating dissolution of lime in CaO–SiO 2 –FeO	3
Intelligent prediction for the temperature of molten steel after RH treatment	3
Laser ranging-based deformation monitoring of coke oven buckstays	3
Casting parameters and propagation behaviour of sticker breakout for the conventional slab	3
Interval prediction and control of front-end bending in hot rolling	3
Statement of Retraction	3
Review of pellets and blast furnace slag research progress: the effects of MgO on metallurgical properties	3
Evolution of nonmetallic inclusions in high Mn–high Al steel during heat treatment	3
Sintered ore basicity prediction research based on regularised self-organising GRU	3
SteelSim 2025 Special Issue	3
Failure analysis of drop-dregs defect in the bulging and breaking connecting rod of 36MnVS4 non-quenched and tempered steel	3
Effect of strip profile of hot-rolled silicon steel on transverse thickness difference of cold-rolled strip	3
Utilization of micro-fines in sinter making and its implications on bed permeability and sinter quality	3
Heat balance study in a walking hearth reheat furnace	3
Effect of polarisation on surface longitudinal cracks of hypo-peritectic steel in non-sinusoidal oscillation	3
The effect of N addition on the micro-structure and corrosion resistance of modified 6Mo super austenitic stainless steels during isothermal aging treatment	3
Efficiency of co-injection of pulverised coal and natural gas in blast furnace production conditions with variable fuel and raw material	3
In-situ study of microstructures and sulphides and machinability of Bi-bearing free-cutting steels	3
Crystallisation behaviour and enhanced separation of RE-phase in RE-bearing blast furnace slag	3
Formation mechanism of inspection defects in hundred-ton class 55NiCrMoV7 die steel forging	3
Structural causal relationship and residual adversarial transfer network in small sample data	3
Ionic analysis of the effect of temperature on dephosphorization capacity of silicate slags	3
Research on accurate prediction of composition in VD refining based on mathematical modelling	3
Research on the influence of mould water channel parameters on surface longitudinal crack of Φ 400 mm P91 continuous casting round bloom	3
Effect of La content on sulfur-containing inclusions, microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance of sulfur-containing peritectic steel	3
Influence of initial swirling flow position on flow field in continuous casting round billet mould	3
Application of the Fuller–Thompson equation in sinter blend design to increase sinter productivity	3
Optimisation of the quartic CVC roll contour for an 1800 mm hot rolling mill	3
Evolution mechanism of inclusions during refining and continuous casting process of 321H stainless steel	3
Effect of intercritical heat treatment process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low alloy structural steels with residual element tin	3
Temperature prediction model for ladle furnace based on mathematical mechanisms and the GA–BP algorithm	3
Effect of hot rolling reduction process on macro-inclusion in high silicon steel plates: A numerical study	3
Evaluation of the minimum distance of the hole position in the V-die bending process	3
Thermal deformation model and grain refinement mechanism in δ-ferrite-based lightweight steel	3