Ironmaking & Steelmaking

Article	Citations
Quantification and prediction of furnace cylinder activity based on LASSO-GWO-CNN hybrid model	92
A comparative study on environmentally friendly ironmaking process through air to oxygen	56
Effect of small amounts of cerium on impact toughness and tensile properties of industrial Al-killed steel Q355D	46
A novel soft sensing modelling approach for sulphur content estimation in hot metal pretreatment process	42
Effect of nitrogen content and cerium treatment on the characteristics of inclusions in non-oriented silicon steel	41
Abatement of CO2 emissions by lowering hot metal ratio (HMR) in basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) process	37
Evolution of oxide inclusions and cleanliness control in Al-killed GCr15SiMn bearing steel during secondary refining process	33
Thermodynamic strategy for hydrogen-based direct reduction shaft furnace to achieve a higher efficiency	32
Precipitate behaviour of large-sized Nb(C, N) in micro-alloyed steel	21
Forecasting of blast furnace gas utilisation rate via convolutional autoencoders and K-nearest neighbour methods	21
Mechanism of cerium-based inclusion formation and influence on impact toughness in industrial Al-killed steel	18
A size-dependent closure criterion for slab corner defects during vertical rolling process based on mathematical method	16
Vertical vibration model for the roll system of a six-high rolling mill based on the Timoshenko beam theory	15
Effect of the asymmetric flow behaviour of molten steel on solidified shell in slab continuous casting mould	14
A novel cooling structure of narrow copper plate for small chamfered mold	14
Substituting natural gas with hydrogen: A case study on mass, energy, and emissions in electric arc furnace steelmaking	14
Mechanism of surface rust defects on tinplate strip steel during storage and transportation	13
Study of lime flow rate on calcium looping carbon capture for steel plant	12
Effect of rare earth Ce treatment on the microstructure and properties of 430 ferritic stainless steel bearing Sn and Cu	12
Soft sensor model for endpoint carbon content and temperature in BOF steelmaking based on just-in-time learning with multilayer structure preservation and sparse information enhancement	12
Optimizing the transition pathway of a steel plant towards hydrogen-based steelmaking	11
Strain hardening and tensile deformation behaviour of two advanced high-strength steels with ferrite-bainite microstructure	11
Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Bottom-blowing O2-CO2-CaO Process in Basic Oxygen Furnace Steelmaking	10
X-ray computed tomography (XCT) study on the porosity structure of slag film in the steel continuous casting	10
Hydraulic and numerical simulation of flow field characteristics in induction heating continuous casting tundish	10

Effect of Ti–Mg, V microalloying treatment on mechanical properties of HRB400 rebars	10
Phase transformation and microstructural evolution of coating layer of Al–Si coated 22MnB5 steel during thermal diffusion	9
Research on the reaction mechanism and control of aluminium enhancement for electroslag remelting high-quality turbine blade steel	9
Effect of Ce2O3 content on structure, viscosity, and melting properties of CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO2-Ce2O3 slag	9
Multiphase modelling of inclusion removal by bubble adhesion in the submerged entry nozzle with centrifugal swirling flow	9
Improving electrochemical corrosion resistance of AISI 304 using tungsten carbide-cobalt/silicon carbide high-velocity oxygen fuel coatings	9
Investigation of wear and surface quality of raw AISI H13 hot work tool steel in electro-discharge machining machine	9
Effect of alloying on the cleanliness of Ti-stabilised interstitial-free (IF) steel during Ruhrstahl–Heraeus (RH) treatment	9
Effect of B2O3 on structure of CaO–Al2O3–CaF2–B2O3 molten slag using molecular dynamics simulation	8
Study on oxygen blowing optimisation of reducing (FeO) content in slag in EAF steelmaking process with high ratio of hot metal to scrap	8
A novel intelligent control approach for lateral deviation in hot-rolled strip steel	8
Kinetics of medium-manganese steel prepared by solid-state decarburisation	8
Preset model of bending force in 6-high universal crown tandem cold rolling mill based on symbolic regression	8
Physical simulation study on flow field characteristics of molten steel during argon blowing in shroud of tundish	8
Effect of Li2O on rheological properties, structure, and crystallization of mould flux for high-speed thin-slab continuous casting	8
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effect of heating on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot rolled high strength bainitic steel rail	7
Recent advances in inclusions and central segregation control technology in tyre cord steel and saw wire steel	7
Experimental determination of the shell thickness within the primary cooling zone in the continuous casting process	7
Correction	7
Effect of heat treatment process on precipitation of V microalloyed steel	7
Mathematical modelling of novel combined stirring method during the final stage of ladle refining	7
Combined impacts of thickness and bending angle on springback of 1000DP steel sheets	7
Phase transition mechanism of high-silica fluxed pellets during consolidation	7
Effect of recycling ladle furnace slag as flux on steel desulphurization during secondary steel making	7
Effects of different annealing time on microstructure and mechanical properties of lightweight Al-containing medium-Mn steel	7
Numerical simulation of solidification structures in continuous casting of a thin slab at high casting speed	7
Properties of both Chinese silica brick and silica raw material	7
Understanding casting behaviour of low carbon high manganese steel through detailed characterization of mould powder and mould top slag	7
Effect of coke reactivity on softening-melting and dripping behaviors of sinter	7
Effect of P2O5 on the viscous flow and crystallisation behaviour of slag in the double slag converter steelmaking process	6
Prediction model of permeability index for blast furnace based on WD-NL-transformer	6
Effects of rare earth modifying inclusions on the nucleation mechanism and mechanical properties of MC5 roller steel	6
Directionally solidified structure of peritectic steel	6
Effects of fine blanking process on cutting surfaces of high-strength DP600 and DP800 sheets	6
Effect of degree of burden mixing on the permeability of ferrous burden layers in the cohesive zone	6
Numerical study on a new swirling flow pocket brick for tundish upper nozzle during continuous casting of steel	6
Development of a boron-containing reduced activation Ferritic-Martensitic (B-RAFM) steel	6
Intelligent evaluation and operation recommendation system of sintering process based on analytic hierarchy process–entropy weight method–technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solu	6
Effect of magnetic alternate stirring on solidification structure of the round billet	6
Physical and chemical properties of CaF2−CaO−Al2O3−MgO slag for electroslag remelting of Mg-containing GH3128 superalloy	6
SD-YOLO: A lightweight steel surface defect detection model with dynamic parameterisation for adaptive feature modulation	6
Viscosity and structure of CaO–Al2O3–TiO2-based mold fluxes with various CaO/Al2O3 mass ratios	6
Refining at the impact and emulsion zones of basic oxygen steel making process – a fundamental study	6
Study on hydrogen smelting reduction behaviour in synthetic molten HIsarna slag	6
Liquid phase fluidity study of iron ore fines based on improved CondInst	6
Optimising the feeding system for improving pellet distribution levels in gas-based shaft furnace based on the improved analytic hierarchy process	6
Effect of Cs2O-containing refining slag on the purity of ultra-clean steel for ultra-fine saw wire	6
Numerical simulation analysis of the rolling process based on the particle swarm hybrid algorithm	6
Optimization of VD/VOD multi-stage serial steam ejectors based on CFD	6
Reaction mechanism of CO/CO2 with low-carbon aluminium-killed molten steel during the ladle furnace (LF) refining process	6

Energy balance and deoxidation status of electric arc furnace tapping processes	5
Effect of nitrogen content and magnesium-cerium treatment on inclusions in interstitial free steel	5
Formation mechanism of large-sized CaO-SiO2-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO composite inclusions in super 304H stainless steel rods	5
Effect of coke reactivity on reduction behaviours and non-isothermal kinetics of sinter at 1173–1373 K	5
An unresolved CFD-DEM method for studying migration and clogging of fine particles through a packed bed	5
Spheroidizing annealing of thermomechanically hot-rolled steel rods: influence of the prior microstructure on the mechanical characteristic and phase transformations	5
Designing mould fluxes to prevent longitudinal cracking for peritectic steel slab casting	5
Effect of CaO/Al2O3 ratio on desulphurization and non-metallic inclusions in low-density steel	5
Morphology and crystallography of microstructures in Mg-deoxidized offshore engineering steels after simulated welding thermal cycles	5
The strength prediction model of iron ore sinter based on an artificial neural network	5
The precise control of end flare with residual stresses of UHSS thin-walled component in roll forming process	5
Effect of CaO–SiO2–MgO–CaF2 slags on deep deoxidation and desulphurisation of low-Ni 201 stainless steel by simultaneous consideration of multiple slag–steel reactions	5
Effect of CaO–Al2O3–SiO2–MgO(–CaF2) refining slag system on inclusions in silicon–manganese deoxidized spring steel	5
Use of mask R-CNN for detection and control of slag scraper wear	5
Steel world editorial 50.05	5
Research on hot deformation behaviour of as-cast W12Cr4V5Co5 steel	5
Review of hydrogen-rich ironmaking technology in blast furnace	5
Modelling of continuous casting processes parameters on the shrinkage cavity formation in bearing steel blooms	5
Effect of cooling conditions on the size evolution of typical inclusions in the Al-Ti deoxidised steel	5
Effect of arc parameters on metal transfer in consumable electrode melting during the VAR process by numerical investigation	5
A low-cost strategy to improve strength-ductility-toughness balance in a low-carbon steel	5
Effects of Al–La alloy ratios on the modification behaviours of the TiN and sulphide inclusions in 20CrMnTi steel under composite deoxidations	5
Reutilisation of spent SCR catalyst powder in the direct reduction process	5
Enhancement of strength of blast furnace flue dust – iron oxide – fly ash composite briquette using ANOVA-based mathematical model	5
Modulation of δ-ferrite formation and austenite stability in Al-added medium-Mn steels and its role in the structure–property relationships	5
Hydrogen affection on softening and melting behaviours of high alumina sinter in gas-injection blast furnace	5
Prediction model of BOF end-point phosphorus content and sulfur content based on LWOA-TSVR	5
Basic research on the coherent jet with hydrogen as the surrounding gas	5
Shifting strategy optimization of the thermal work roll in hot strip rolling based on three particle swarms and differential evolution algorithm	5
Detailed deformation behaviour analysis of DP steels at warm forming temperatures via warm tensile tests	4
Thermodynamic analysis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) formation inside the HIsarna off-gas system	4
Effect of impellers on particle mixing behaviour in KR desulphurization process	4
Mathematical modelling of the liquid/liquid mass transfer behaviour in gas stirred ladles	4
A mathematical model for the thermal state of a steel ladle	4
Analysing the HIsmelt process for smelting vanadium–titanium magnetite	4
Effect of boron and cerium additions on microstructures and mechanical properties in simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone of Al-killed high-strength steel	4
CFD modelling of steel desulfurisation in a gas-stirred ladle	4
Recognition of sticker breakout in mould thermograph based on template matching	4
Production of low phosphorous steel from low silicon high phosphorous hot metal in BOF	4
Thermo-mechanical behaviour analysis of slab corner during special steel continuous casting	4
Slopping index for LD converters based on sound and image data fusion by fuzzy Kalman filter	4
Microsegregation and solidification characteristics of an advanced high strength steel – part II: experimental validation	4
Study on the effect of Al 2 O 3 on the crystallization behaviour of MnO–SiO 2 –MgO inclusions i	4
Effect of the inclusion features on mechanical properties of steel	4
Acoustic emission monitoring to optimize the end-of-cast in blast furnaces	4
Correction	4
A visual slag peeling detection method in blast furnace	4
Control of macrosegregation at the steel gradient transition by submerged entry nozzle and mold electromagnetic stirring	4
Effect of initial aluminium-oxygen concentration product on alumina-based inclusions in high carbon Al-killed steels during the ladle refining process	4
Microstructure and flow behaviour of a quenching and partitioning steel at elevated temperatures	4
Evolution behaviour and modification mechanism of inclusions in NM500 wear-resistant steel with calcium treatment	4
Effect of Zr addition on toughness in the simulated heat-affected zone of high-titanium low-alloy steels	4
Research on deformation resistance of strip steel and rolling force prediction during cold rolling based on the hot rolling parameters	4
Study on the influence of unsteady casting on the flow characteristics and behavior of liquid steel in tundish	4
Composition optimization and high-temperature characteristics of fluorine-free CaO-SiO 2 -FeO-B 2 O 3	4
Hot deformation behaviour of microstructural evolution in 2507 Super Duplex Stainless Steel during high-temperature straining	4
Thermo-mechanical analysis of the flange in a Billet continuous casting machine based on limited temperature measurements	4
Characteristics of flight trajectory and heat transfer of liquid steelmaking slag droplet during air quenching granulation process	4
Dual effect of MgO on softing–melting performance of high gangue sinter: changes of slag viscosity and phase composition	4
A theoretical approach to evaluate the effect of hydrocarbon and CO2 injection on blast furnace raceway: step towards reduction of CO2 emission	4
Establishment and test of ‘dynamic relative area’ models for hot-metal dephosphorization and rephosphorization	4
Development of high impact toughness offshore engineering steel by yttrium-based rare earth addition	4
Research and application of the sintering whole process intelligent manufacturing system	4
Analysis of true and false sticker breakouts’ characteristics based on mould thermal image	3
Evaluation of motion behaviour of inclusions at the moulten steel–slag interface based on a modified model	3
Efficient utilisation of waste steel slag in slag-making process of all-scrap electric arc furnaces	3
Effect of rare earth element on H13 microscopic structure and mechanical properties	3
Influence of unburned pulverized coal on the viscosity of blast furnace slag	3
Molecular dynamics study on the effect of ferrite structure on the mechanical characteristics of pearlite	3
Predicting viscosity for steelmaking slag: A stacking regression approach	3
Wettability of molten CaO-Al2O3-MgO slag on some refractory materials at 1773K	3
Effect of current intensity on molten pool and solidification in vacuum arc remelting process of Ti60 alloy	3
Construction of intelligent coal blending system based on BP neural network and genetic algorithm	3
Molecular dynamics analysis of the microstructural behavior of fluoride ions in CaO–SiO2-based and CaO–Al2O3-based slag systems	3
Study on coke properties in deadman of blast furnace	3
Effect of process parameters on the static recrystallisation and precipitation behaviours of V–Ti–N microalloyed steel	3
Research on strip surface defect detection based on improved YOLOv5 algorithm	3
Impact of bottom-blowing parameters on melt pool homogenization in a 120-ton converter based on carbon-oxygen reaction	3
Partial differential equation modelling of the solid–liquid phase process in iron sintering and interface control with backstepping method	3
Online mechanical property prediction and automatic product release for hot rolled steel strip products using artificial neural network models	3

Thermodynamic modelling of liquid steel tapping process to predict carryover slag amount	3
Thermodynamic investigation of biomass-steam gasification in converter vaporisation flue for synthesis gas production	3
Numerical simulation of industrial scale RH degasser under different operational parameters	3
Effects of sulphur content and cooling rate on the precipitation characteristics of MnS in high-sulphur peritectic steel	3
Thermodynamic model and mechanism of non-alloyed hydrogen deoxidation of GCr15 bearing steel	3
Effect of depressions on the three-dimensional propagation of longitudinal surface crack in continuous casting strands of hypo-peritectic steel	3
Microstructure and mechanical properties of multiaxially forged Fe–30Mn–9Al–0.8C and Fe–20Mn–10Al–1C low-density steels	3
Improving compositional homogeneity of CF53 steel products by modifying their solidification structure and F-EMS intensity	3
Numerical investigation on effect of electromagnetic stirring on macrosegregation in continuously cast round bloom via three-phase solidification model	3
Investigation on the deformation mechanism of alkali metal on inclusions in cord steel containing different aluminium content	3
Slim-YOLOv8: A fast and accurate algorithm for surface defect detection of steel strips	3
Exploring pyrolysis and reduction behaviour of high-sulphur petroleum coke for disposal of Zn-containing dust	3
Measurement of initial crystallization temperature of mold flux based on alternate current conductivity method	3
Reduction characteristics of cold-agglomerated pellets in blast furnace conditions	3
Two-dimensional spectroscopic analysis of sulphur group and pyrite transformations in coal coking	3
Statement of Retraction	3
Solidification structure and hardenability optimization of 20CrMnTiH gear steel considering dendrite sedimentation	3
Improvement of carbon segregation in billet by final-EMS, based on segmented continuous casting model	3
Application of crystallization additivity principle in continuous casting mould flux	3
Study on the effect of Al-La composite deoxidation on the modification behaviors of TiN and sulfide inclusions in 20CrMnTi gear steel	3
Intervention mechanism of carbide precipitation during tempering and its impact on residual stress and mechanical properties of wear-resistant steels	3
Viscosity and electrical conductivity of CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO-Ce2O3electroslag remelting slag	3
Blast furnace hearth erosion modelling based on the dataset approach	3
Effect of lanthanum on inclusions and solidification structure of alloy 800H	3
Digital twin-based methodology for schedule execution in hot strip rolling	3