World Development

Article	Citations
COVID-19 implications on household income and food security in Kenya and Uganda: Findings from a rapid assessment	335
Adaptation interventions and their effect on vulnerability in developing countries: Help, hindrance or irrelevance?	303
Sustainability and development after COVID-19	255
Gender inequality during the COVID-19 pandemic: Income, expenditure, savings, and job loss	230
Post-pandemic transformations: How and why COVID-19 requires us to rethink development	212
COVID-19 and the rise of intimate partner violence	175
COVID-19 and the case for global development	169
Economic complexity and greenhouse gas emissions	146
Impacts of a national lockdown on smallholder farmers’ income and food security: Empirical evidence from two states in India	140
Which farms feed the world and has farmland become more concentrated?	136
Economic growth, convergence, and world food demand and supply	132
Remote-learning, time-use, and mental health of Ecuadorian high-school students during the COVID-19 quarantine	125
Adoption of agricultural technology in the developing world: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature	124
Household response to an extreme shock: Evidence on the immediate impact of the Covid-19 lockdown on economic outcomes and well-being in rural Uganda	123
Remittances and economic growth: A meta-analysis	116
Beyond banning wildlife trade: COVID-19, conservation and development	115
The impact of climate vulnerability on firms’ cost of capital and access to finance	115
The COVID-19 pandemic and food insecurity: A viewpoint on India	109
Responding to COVID-19: Community volunteerism and coproduction in China	106
The local governance of COVID-19: Disease prevention and social security in rural India	96
Inequality of opportunity, inequality of income and economic growth	91
COVID-19 and small enterprises in the food supply chain: Early impacts and implications for longer-term food system resilience in low- and middle-income countries	91
Equity as both a means and an end: Lessons for resilient food systems from COVID-19	90
Do environmental provisions in trade agreements make exports from developing countries greener?	87
The short-term economic effects of COVID-19 on low-income households in rural Kenya: An analysis using weekly financial household data	87

Lessons for climate policy from behavioral biases towards COVID-19 and climate change risks	85
Examining the economic impact of COVID-19 in India through daily electricity consumption and nighttime light intensity	82
The pandemic of poverty, vulnerability, and COVID-19: Evidence from a fuzzy multidimensional analysis of deprivations in Brazil	76
Dispossessed by decarbonisation: Reducing vulnerability, injustice, and inequality in the lived experience of low-carbon pathways	75
Using agriculture for development: Supply- and demand-side approaches	73
COVID-19: Large-scale collective action, government intervention, and the importance of trust	73
Between stranded assets and green transformation: Fossil-fuel-producing developing countries towards 2055	72
Why is the number of COVID-19 cases lower than expected in Sub-Saharan Africa? A cross-sectional analysis of the role of demographic and geographic factors	72
Cornered by PAs: Adopting rights-based approaches to enable cost-effective conservation and climate action	71
Large and artisanal scale mine development: The case for autonomous co-existence	70
Learning from past pandemic governance: Early response and Public-Private Partnerships in testing of COVID-19 in South Korea	69
All things equal? Heterogeneity in policy effectiveness against COVID-19 spread in chile	69
Livelihoods in COVID times: Gendered perils and new pathways in India	68
Modeling interlinkages between sustainable development goals using network analysis	67
Food politics and development	67
Poverty and COVID-19 in Africa and Latin America	66
Preliminary lessons from COVID-19 disruptions of small-scale fishery supply chains	66
Managing the COVID-19 pandemic in poor urban neighborhoods: The case of Accra and Johannesburg	65
A sustainable livelihoods framework for the 21st century	65
The short-term impacts of COVID-19 on households in developing countries: An overview based on a harmonized dataset of high-frequency surveys	65
Defining firm competitiveness: A multidimensional framework	63
Maldevelopment revisited: Inclusiveness and social impacts of soy expansion over Brazil’s Cerrado in Matopiba	61
Green economy, degradation narratives, and land-use conflicts in Tanzania	61
COVID-19′s impacts on migrant workers from Bangladesh: In search of policy intervention	61
Life under lockdown: Illustrating tradeoffs in South Africa’s response to COVID-19	59
Evolution and early government responses to COVID-19 in South America	57
Agricultural production diversity, dietary diversity and nutritional status: Panel data evidence from Tanzania	56
Industrial policy for sustainable human development in the post-Covid19 era	55
Disability-inclusive responses to COVID-19: Lessons learnt from research on social protection in low- and middle-income countries	55
When international sustainability frameworks encounter domestic politics: The sustainable development goals and agri-food governance in South America	55
Fighting COVID-19 in Hong Kong: The effects of community and social mobilization	54
Who are the climate migrants and where do they go? Evidence from rural India	52
Humanising agricultural extension: A review	52
The Kerala model in the time of COVID19: Rethinking state, society and democracy	52
The impact of microcredit on agricultural technology adoption and productivity: Evidence from randomized control trial in Tanzania	51
End-of-conflict deforestation: Evidence from Colombia’s peace agreement	51
“Inclusive business” in agriculture: Evidence from the evolution of agricultural value chains	51
Gender equality is diluted in commitments made to small-scale fisheries	51
Why the Great Food Transformation may not happen – A deep-dive into our food systems’ political economy, controversies and politics of evidence	50
Systematic prioritisation of SDGs: Machine learning approach	50
Can e-government limit the scope of the informal economy?	49
Farm diversification as an adaptation strategy to climatic shocks and implications for food security in northern Namibia	49
Lives and livelihoods: Estimates of the global mortality and poverty effects of the Covid-19 pandemic	49
Taking power: Women’s empowerment and household Well-being in Sub-Saharan Africa	48
Grassroots waste picker organizations addressing the UN sustainable development goals	48
The power of the collective empowers women: Evidence from self-help groups in India	48
Specialization in food production affects global food security and food systems sustainability	48
COVID-19 in South Korea: Lessons for developing countries	48
COVID-19 and International Food Assistance: Policy proposals to keep food flowing	47
Whatever it takes? The global financial safety net, Covid-19, and developing countries	47

Land rental market and agricultural labor productivity in rural China: A mediation analysis	46
How health inequality affect responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa	46
Sensemaking and learning during the Covid-19 pandemic: A complex adaptive systems perspective on policy decision-making	46
Targeted poverty alleviation through photovoltaic-based intervention: Rhetoric and reality in Qinghai, China	46
Impacts of cooperative membership on rice productivity: Evidence from China	46
China’s green transformation through eco-industrial parks	45
Scaling up agriculture? The dynamics of land transfer in inland China	45
Psychological stress responses to COVID-19 and adaptive strategies in China	44
Is green rural transformation possible in developing countries?	44
The social contract as a tool of analysis: Introduction to the special issue on “Framing the evolution of new social contracts in Middle Eastern and North African countries”	44
Latecomer development in a “greening” world: Introduction to the Special Issue	44
Decomposition of technical efficiency in agricultural production in Africa into transient and persistent technical efficiency under heterogeneous technologies	44
COVID-19 and armed conflict	43
COVID-19, poverty and inclusive development	43
Shedding light on maternal education and child health in developing countries	42
Wishful thinking or wise policy? Theorising tourism-led inclusive growth: Supply chains and host communities	42
An empirical assessment of the effects of electricity access on food security	41
Grappling with the challenges of measuring women's economic empowerment in intrahousehold settings	41
On the susceptibility and vulnerability of agricultural value chains to COVID-19	41
How does Covid-19 affect urban slums? Evidence from settlement leaders in India	41
Uber for tractors? Opportunities and challenges of digital tools for tractor hire in India and Nigeria	41
COVID-19 and conflict	41
Compounding crises of social reproduction: Microfinance, over-indebtedness and the COVID-19 pandemic	41
Is Favoritism a Threat to Chinese Aid Effectiveness? A Subnational Analysis of Chinese Development Projects	41
Weather shocks, climate change and human health	40
COVID-19 response needs to broaden financial inclusion to curb the rise in poverty	39
REDD+: If communities are the solution, what is the problem?	39
Improving access to savings through mobile money: Experimental evidence from African smallholder farmers	38
Empowerment in water, sanitation and hygiene index	38
Infrastructure and household poverty in Brazil: A regional approach using multilevel models	38
Artisanal and small-scale mining, and COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa: A preliminary analysis	38
Public support for development aid during the COVID-19 pandemic	37
Examining multidimensional poverty reduction in India 2005/6–2015/16: Insights and oversights of the headcount ratio	37
COVID-19 in unequally ageing European regions	37
The COVID-19 pandemic intensified resource conflicts and indigenous resistance in Brazil	37
Changing livelihoods at India’s rural–urban transition	36
Chinese development assistance and household welfare in Sub-Saharan Africa	36
Barriers to trade in environmental goods: How important they are and what should developing countries expect from their removal	36
Intrastate environmental peacebuilding: A review of the literature	34
Variety of national innovation systems (NIS) and alternative pathways to growth beyond the middle-income stage: Balanced, imbalanced, catching-up, and trapped NIS	34
Fossil fuels, stranded assets and COVID-19: Imagining an inclusive & transformative recovery	34
When means of implementation meet Ecological Modernization Theory: A critical frame for thinking about the Sustainable Development Goals initiative	34
Does environmental regulation increase domestic value-added in exports? An empirical study of cleaner production standards in China	33
Short-run environmental effects of COVID-19: Evidence from forest fires	33
SDG interlinkage networks: Analysis, robustness, sensitivities, and hierarchies	33
Questioning the link between tenure security and sustainable land management in cocoa landscapes in Ghana	33
Why is it so hard to push Chinese railway projects in Southeast Asia? The role of domestic politics in Malaysia and Indonesia	33
Improving smallholder farmers’ gross margins and labor-use efficiency across a range of cropping systems in the Eastern Gangetic Plains	33
Sustaining peace through better resource governance: Three potential mechanisms for environmental peacebuilding	33
Mining, rural livelihoods and food security: A disaggregated analysis of sub-Saharan Africa	33
Will COVID-19 be one shock too many for smallholder coffee livelihoods?	33
Social impact investing, agriculture, and the financialisation of development: Insights from sub-Saharan Africa	32
Incomplete transitions to clean household energy reinforce gender inequality by lowering women’s respiratory health and household labour productivity	32
Climate risk, culture and the Covid-19 mortality: A cross-country analysis	32
A meta-analysis of the effects of remittances on household education expenditure	32
The role of institutional entrepreneurs and informal land transactions in Mexico City’s urban expansion	32
Shedding light on regional growth and convergence in India	32
Conflict in abundance and peacebuilding in scarcity: Challenges and opportunities in addressing climate change and conflict	32
The ABCs of Covid-19 prevention in Malawi: Authority, benefits, and costs of compliance	31
Measuring women’s decisionmaking: Indicator choice and survey design experiments from cash and food transfer evaluations in Ecuador, Uganda and Yemen	31
Contract farming as partial insurance	31
Property rights and misallocation: Evidence from land certification in China	31
India’s rural transformation and rising obesity burden	31
Effects of marketing contracts and resource-providing contracts in the African small farm sector: Insights from oil palm production in Ghana	31
Covid-19 outbreak and the need for rice self-sufficiency in West Africa	30
A scoping review of the development resilience literature: Theory, methods and evidence	30
Intersectionality shapes adaptation to social-ecological change	30
Climate change and within-country inequality: New evidence from a global perspective	30
Irrigation infrastructure and farm productivity in the Philippines: A stochastic Meta-Frontier analysis	29
Women’s political empowerment and economic growth	29
Air pollution and academic performance: Evidence from India	29
China’s investments in renewable energy in Africa: Creating co-benefits or just cashing-in?	29
Climate change and land: Insights from Myanmar	29
Does the old-age pension scheme improve household welfare? Evidence from India	29
Lack of access to clean fuel and piped water and children’s educational outcomes in rural India	29
Adaptive governance along Chinese-financed BRI railroad megaprojects in East Africa	28
Who can work and study from home in Pakistan: Evidence from a 2018–19 nationwide household survey	28
Water access in global South cities: The challenges of intermittency and affordability	28
Shocks and cherries: The production of vulnerability among smallholder coffee farmers in Jamaica	28
Poverty reduction through land transfers? The World Bank’s titling reforms and the making of “subsistence” agriculture	27

The benefits and limitations of agricultural input cooperatives in Zambia	27
The welfare effects of crop biodiversity as an adaptation to climate shocks in Kenya	27
Digital platforms and institutional voids in developing countries: The case of ride-hailing markets	27
Dark and bright spots in the shadow of the pandemic: Rural livelihoods, social vulnerability, and local governance in India and Nepal	27
Value of cleaner neighborhoods: Application of hedonic price model in low income context	27
The development of the international center model for agricultural research: A prehistory of the CGIAR	27
Urban waste to energy recovery assessment simulations for developing countries	27
Shaping alternatives to development: Solidarity and reciprocity in the Andes during COVID-19	26
Estimating the nutritional loss and the feeding potential derived from food losses worldwide	26
Impact of formal climate risk transfer mechanisms on risk-aversion: Empirical evidence from rural Ethiopia	26
Demographic, health, and economic transitions and the future care burden	26
Does value chain participation facilitate the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in developing countries?	26
Anti-corruption in aid-funded procurement: Is corruption reduced or merely displaced?	26
Is son preference disappearing from Bangladesh?	26
Realising poverty in all its dimensions: A six-country participatory study	26
Locked down and locked out: Repurposing social assistance as emergency relief to informal workers	25
“We live and we do this work”: Women waste pickers’ experiences of wellbeing in Ahmedabad, India	25
Evaluating risk allocation and project impacts of sustainability-oriented water public–private partnerships in Southern California: A comparative case analysis	25
Mobile money and healthcare use: Evidence from East Africa	25
Using Google data to measure the role of Big Food and fast food in South Africa’s obesity epidemic	25
More logistics, less aid: Humanitarian-business partnerships and sustainability in the refugee camp	25
Why is household electricity uptake low in Sub-Saharan Africa?	25
Challenging dominant sustainability worldviews on the energy transition: Lessons from Indigenous communities in Mexico and a plea for pluriversal technologies	25
Epidemics, pandemics, and social conflict: Lessons from the past and possible scenarios for COVID-19	25
Economic, pro-social and pro-environmental factors influencing participation in an incentive-based conservation program in Bolivia	25
The impact of remittances on food insecurity: Evidence from Mexico	25
What happens when the money runs out? Forest outcomes and equity concerns following Ecuador’s suspension of conservation payments	25
The perversion of public land distribution by landed elites: Power, inequality and development in Colombia	25
Who benefits from climate-friendly agriculture? The marginal returns to a rainfed system of rice intensification in Tanzania	25
Planning for a world beyond COVID-19: Five pillars for post-neoliberal development	25
Productive knowledge, economic sophistication, and labor share	25
Impact of Ethiopia’s 2015 drought on child undernutrition	25
From paper institutions to bureaucratic autonomy: Institutional change as a resource curse remedy	24
‘To prevent this disease, we have to stay at home, but if we stay at home, we die of hunger’ – Livelihoods, vulnerability and coping with Covid-19 in rural Mozambique	24
Conserving the Cerrado and Amazon biomes of Brazil protects the soy economy from damaging warming	24
Linking human capabilities with livelihood strategies to speed poverty reduction: Evidence from Rwanda	24
Understanding inclusive innovation processes in agricultural systems: A middle-range conceptual model	24
Informal mhealth at scale in Africa: Opportunities and challenges	24
Challenges faced by smallholders in achieving sustainable palm oil certification in Indonesia	24
Unlocking “lock-in” and path dependency: A review across disciplines and socio-environmental contexts	24
Bright as night: Illuminating the antinomies of ‘gender positive’ solar development	23
A payment by any other name: Is Costa Rica’s PES a payment for services or a support for stewards?	23
Too little but not too late: nowcasting poverty and cash transfers’ incidence during COVID-19’s crisis	23
Self-help groups as platforms for development: The role of social capital	23
Implications of poverty traps across levels	23
Farm size and gender distribution of land: Evidence from Ethiopian land registry data	23
Are we accelerating equity investment into impact-oriented ventures?	23
Precarious gains: Social mobility and volatility in urban slums	23
Coping with climate shocks: The complex role of livestock portfolios	23
In-utero Exposure to Rainfall Variability and Early Childhood Health	23
Can rural outmigration improve household food security? Empirical evidence from Ethiopia	22
Is employment a panacea for poverty? A mixed-methods investigation of employment decisions in South Africa	22
Economic and social development along the urban–rural continuum: New opportunities to inform policy	22
Energy access for marginalized communities: Evidence from rural North India, 2015–2018	22
Gender, time-use, and energy expenditures in rural communities in India and Nepal	22
Does experience sharing affect farmers’ pro-environmental behavior? A randomized controlled trial in Vietnam	22
Inequality, persistence of the informal economy, and club convergence	22
Measuring empowerment: Choices, values and norms	22
Leveraging private investment to expand renewable power generation: Evidence on financial additionality and productivity gains from Uganda	22
A revisit of farm size and productivity: Empirical evidence from a wide range of farm sizes in Nigeria	22
Plantations, women, and food security in Africa: Interrogating the investment pathway towards zero hunger in Cameroon and Ghana	22
Stigma, Trust, and procedural integrity: Covid-19 testing in Malawi	22
The double bottom line of microfinance: A global comparison between conventional and Islamic microfinance	22
The economic impact of weather anomalies	22
Viewpoint – Handwashing and COVID-19: Simple, right there…?	22
Knowledge politics and the Bt cotton success narrative in Burkina Faso	22
Perspectives on the rebel social contract: Exit, voice, and loyalty in the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria	22
Property rights and deforestation: Evidence from the Terra Legal land reform in the Brazilian Amazon	21
Women farm what they can manage: How time constraints affect the quantity and quality of labor for married women’s agricultural production in southwestern Nigeria	21
Managing the Belt and Road: Agency and development in Cambodia and Myanmar	21
Effects of input vouchers and rainfall insurance on agricultural production and household welfare: Experimental evidence from northern Ethiopia	21
The effects of economic globalisation and ethnic fractionalisation on redistribution	21
Impact of energy poverty on public health: A non-linear study from an international perspective	21
The supply chain for seed in Uganda: Where does it go wrong?	21
Who pays for water? Comparing life cycle costs of water services among several low, medium and high-income utilities	21
Encouraging technology adoption using ICTs and farm trials in Senegal: Lessons for gender equity and scaled impact	21
Designing for empowerment impact in agricultural development projects: Experimental evidence from the Agriculture, Nutrition, and Gender Linkages (ANGeL) project in Bangladesh	21
The evolution of poor food access over the course of the conflict in Yemen	21
Localising Public Health: Refugee-led organisations as first and last responders in COVID-19	21
Are smart cities green? The role of environmental and digital policies for Eco-innovation in China	21
Forced off the farm? Farmers’ labor allocation response to land requisition in China	21
Migration, labor and women’s empowerment: Evidence from an agricultural value chain in Bangladesh	20
The mutual constraints of states and global value chains during COVID-19: The case of personal protective equipment	20
COVID-19 vaccines: Getting Anti-vaxxers involved in the discussion	20
Understanding China’s wildlife markets: Trade and tradition in an age of pandemic	20
Vietnam’s forest cover changes 2005–2016: Veering from transition to (yet more) transaction?	20
A multidimensional perspective on child labor in the value chain: The case of the cocoa value chain in West Africa	20
Improved sanitation increases long-term cognitive test scores	20
Long-term impacts of tropical cyclones and fluvial floods on economic growth – Empirical evidence on transmission channels at different levels of development	20
Transparency and Trust in Government. Evidence from a Survey Experiment	20
Spatial inequality, geography and economic activity	20
Impact of agricultural extension services on the adoption of improved wheat variety in Ethiopia: A cluster randomized controlled trial	20
Covid-19 vs. Ebola: Impact on households and small businesses in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo	20
Hybridizing the commons. Privatizing and outsourcing collective irrigation management after technological change in Spain	19
Brand Aid and coffee value chain development interventions: Is Starbucks working aid out of business?	19