Medical Hypotheses

Article	Citations
A hypothesis linking the renin-angiotensin, kallikrein-kinin systems, and disseminated coagulation in COVID-19	77
Hypothetical geometric structure in different planes results in variegated patterns of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor	34
The concept of psychotic arousal and its relevance to abnormal subjective experiences in schizophrenia. A hypothesis for the formation of primary delusions	30
Potential circadian rhythms impacts on amblyopia treatment outcomes	28
Clofazimine: A potential therapeutic option for severe COVID-19	28
Editorial Board	25
Hypothesizing the interplay of thrombus formation, wall enhancement, and perifocal edema as predictive factors for rupture in brain AVMs	24
Dynamic tissue distraction may enhance therapeutic efficacy for Critical limb ischemia	22
An alternative to airborne droplet transmission route of SARS-CoV-2, the feco-oral route, as a factor shaping COVID-19 pandemic	21
Famous figures and their neurological disorders: A historical vignette	21
Targeting the positive feedback loop of the kynurenine pathway in oral lichen planus for its treatment	20
Editorial Board	20
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), androgen modulation, folic acid, and high-grade prostate cancer: An intriguing nexus needing attention	19
Editorial Board	18
Will the increased use of ring lights during the coronavirus pandemic lead to a growing burden of macular degeneration?	16
Osteoclasts may play key roles in initiating biomaterial-induced ectopic bone formation	15
Do the two components have a common origin in coexisting tumor of craniopharyngioma and pituitary adenoma?	15
An anatomically designed implant for femoral neck fractures in young adults: A hypothesis on the role of interfragmentary compression in reducing nonunion and osteonecrosis	15
Comment on: Central effects of Stellate Ganglion Block mediated by the vagus nerve? An alternate hypothesis for treating PTSD	15
Can a single dose of psilocybin improve cognitive control in functional dissociative seizures?	14
The quest for a geo-environmental factor in Moyamoya angiopathy: Is arsenic the elusive environmental agent?	14
Long-term neurological implications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in neonates: Innate immune memory and chronic neuroinflammation	14
Testing the hypothesis that “Alzheimer’s disease is a result of loss of full brain buoyancy”	13
Development of novel probiotics for the intestinal diseases associated with mucin alterations by adaptive laboratory evolution	13
Larazotide acetate as a preventive and therapeutic pharmacotherapy in obesity and metabolic syndrome	12

Editorial Board	12
Editorial Board	12
Progesterone-induced blocking factor and interleukin 4 as novel therapeutics in the treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss	11
Editorial Board	11
Editorial Board	11
Acyl homoserine lactone inhibitors for oral squamous cell carcinoma – Novel insights and therapeutic perspective	11
Hypothesis: Mutual dependency of ascorbate and calcidiol for optimal performance of the immune system	10
Pulmonary lipid modulation: A possible therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2 infection	10
Can Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treat localized prostate cancer?	10
Age-adjusted mortality from pancreatic cancer increased NINE-FOLD in japan from 1950 to 1995 – Was a low-protein quasi-vegan diet a key factor in their former low risk?	10
The possible involvement of granulysin mediated cytotoxicity in keratinocytes disruption in lichen planus	10
Is digital necrosis in COVID-19 caused by neutrophil extracellular traps: Potential therapeutic strategies	9
Hemorrhagic areas as a histological prognosticator in oral cancer: A novel proposition	9
Exciter laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) can be a powerful weapon in the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)	9
Editorial Board	9
On the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: Control the promoters and look beyond the brain	9
Impaired/dysfunctional aqueous collector channels may primarily contribute to the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma	9
Acoustic reflex preshoot: A sign of contraction of the tensor tympani muscle?	9
Will the bone mineral density in postmenopausal women get worse during the COVID-19 pandemic?	8
Editorial Board	8
Whole adrenal extract for Addison’s disease in the 1920s: Where is the cortisol?	8
Reply to “Comment on Crabtree effect as a parallel pathogenetic pathway in diabetic retinopathy.”	7
The role of Natural Killer cells in pregnancy and their potential impact on cancer prevention	7
Pleasure and displeasure in self-mutilation: A hypothesis for opponent process theory?	7
Establishment of ethanol-induced ferroptosis cell model in iron overload hepatocytes – An applicable cell model for studying ferroptosis in ALD?	7
Anagrelide alleviates myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury by inhibiting reticulated platelets	7
Unraveling the impact of technology on immunological learning: What is the immune system listening to?	7
Inquiring into the collusion between two-system diseases: Potential impact of hypertension over gastroesophageal reflux disease	7
“Chelation therapy applied to the treatment of oral Peri-implantitis: A hypothesis”	7
Proximal fibular osteotomy as a treatment for degenerative meniscal extrusion	7
Progressive overload in cardiorespiratory exercise training for young and old: Is increasing duration or intensity of exercise more important?	6
Epiisopiloturine nanoencapsulation improve its oral bioavailability in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases	6
From foes to friends; bacterial proteins for optimal wart cryotherapy	6
Stellate Ganglion Block may represent an effective therapeutic for Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome	6
The potential therapeutic roles of quercetin and luteolin in hereditary fructose intolerance	6
Hartmann’s operation 100 years later: Time to think and stop?	6
Inflammatory mechanisms as a potential cause of sciatica in lumbar disc herniation: A hypothesis	6
Carpal, cubital or tarsal tunnel syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A causal link?	6
Editorial Board	6
Old drug, new Trick? The rationale for the treatment of COVID-19 with activated protein C	6
Comment on: “Can hydrogen prevent stress fractures in athletes?” Exploring the discussion of hydrogen use in sport medicine	6
Optic nerve subarachnoid space measurement as the best predictor of post-dural puncture headache after intravertebral anesthesia	6
Transferosomal in situ gel administered through umbilical skin tissues for improved systemic bioavailability of drugs: A novel strategy to replace conventional transdermal route	5
Membrane damage produced by parvovirus B19 tags erythrocytes as senescent and is an aggravating cause of virus-triggered anemias	5
Can whole body vibration enhance chemotherapy?	5
Potential role of bacterial extracellular vesicles in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus	5
A mouse zoonotic virus (LCMV): A possible candidate in the causation of SIDS	5
The hypothetical molecular pathways of ursolic acid to attenuate the premature ovarian failure in human	5
Post-adenoviral-based vaccines Guillain-Barre Syndrome: A proposed mechanism	5
Nicotinic receptors as SARS-CoV-2 spike co-receptors?	5

Do skeletal muscles compete with each other for growth?	5
BPC 157 as Potential Treatment for COVID-19	5
Does serotonin deficiency lead to anosmia, ageusia, dysfunctional chemesthesis and increased severity of illness in COVID-19?	5
Can WGX-50 be a potential therapy to treat tumor by inhibiting mitochondrial reactive oxidative species?	4
Reducing erythroblast apoptosis in β-thalassemia via unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling	4
Lactylation driven by lactate metabolism in the disc accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration: A hypothesis	4
Advanced glycation end-products as potential triggering factors of self-reactivity against myelin antigens in Multiple Sclerosis	4
LncRNA Xist may regulate Th17 cell differentiation through TDP43-IRF3 pathway in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders	4
How fluency-enhancing conditions reduce stuttering. A unified explanation	4
The initiation of a migraine associated with a specific gene responsible for regulating immune function: Hypothesis	4
Systemic cytology. A novel diagnostic approach for assessment of early systemic disease	4
Trophoblast necroptosis in Preeclampsia: The role of fetus-derived exosomal microRNAs	4
Attenuation of tryptophan metabolism by Fe chelators: A hypothesis regarding inhibiting tumor suppressive microenvironments in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	4
Dual acid-pump blocking as novel therapeutic approach to treatment of acid-related diseases	4
Neurosteroids as a possible new horizon in the treatment of fibromyalgia	4
Comment on: “A novel therapeutic strategy for acute decompensated heart failure with vasodilators”	4
Vincent Van Gogh and the elusive diagnosis of vestibular migraine	4
Does oestradiol treatment alleviate obesity-induced oxidative stress in the male liver?	4
Oxygen Gas-Filled Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Delivery System: A Hypothetical Design for Injectable Oxygen	4
A novel therapeutic approach for allergic rhinitis by exosome-mimetic nanovesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells to restore nasal mucosal epithelial barrier	4
The possible link between aluminum phosphide poisoning and NLRP3 inflammasome	4
The strengthening case that simuliids play a role in Amazon region Hepatitis-B transmission	4
Could cuproptosis be a novel therapeutic target for tooth eruption disturbances	4
Proposed mechanism for rare thrombotic events after use of some Covid-19 vaccines	3
Plasma fibrinogen: An important piece of the COVID-19 ICU delirium puzzle?	3
A genetic insight into vitamin D binding protein and COVID-19	3
Can statistical and entropy-based features extracted from ECG signals efficiently differentiate the cannabis-consuming women population from the non-consumer?	3
Erratum Regarding Previously Published Articles	3
Targeting l-arginine-activated signals might provide new clues for the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis	3
Some drugs can make the prevention of atherosclerosis through physical exercises more efficient	3
Comment on: Toxic advanced glycation end-products (TAGE) are major structures of cytotoxic AGEs derived from glyceraldehyde	3
Acidic solution irrigation as a novel approach for treating infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis	3
Etiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Review of the literature and new epigenetic hypothesis on altered neural crest cells migration in early embryogenesis as the key event	3
Plausible mechanisms in the pathobiology of acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma: An evidence based hypothesis	3
Converging paths: Microneedle-based dual intervention of IL-23/IL-17 axis and granuloma formation in rheumatoid nodules	3
Trogocytosis: A potential pathogenic mechanism in immune thrombocytopenia leading to impaired megakaryocyte maturation and reduced platelet production	3
Can virophages be used for management of viral infections?	3
Editorial Board	3
Amelioration of social impairments in autism: Possible role of vagal afferent stimulation in modification of the prefrontal-amygdala connectivity	3
The mechanism of manual muscle testing as proposed by the ventral horn theory	3
Tumour immune microenvironment as the origin of heterotypic circulating tumour cell clusters and their impact on metastasis: An hypothesis	3
Microglia harmonize the cerebral lymphoid system clearance in perioperative neurocognitive disorders by the ATP-AMP-ADO pathway	3
Could body piercing be a cause of rheumatoid arthritis?	3
A new neonatal gastro-intestinal physiology-and pyloric stenosis of infancy a hypothesis	3
A quantum mechanical explanation for auditory-visual hallucinations	3
Can SLU-PP-332 be a new drug to prevent COVID-19?	3
Protective effect of methylene blue in iron-induced neurotoxicity	3
Clinically-relevant reductions in oxygen partial pressure as possible contributor to cardiovascular benefits of sauna practice	3
NIoBReTH: A novel integrative paradigm of protection against SARS-CoV-2 and other airborne pathogens with fewer socioeconomic constraints	3
Dysfunction of the Gut-Brain-Axis in delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning	3
Primary Sjögren syndrome specific B cells induced aberrant surface aggregation of B cell receptors (BCRs) and signalling	3
Neuroinflammation as a possible link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and pain	3
Delivery of PTEN protein into tumor cells as a promising strategy for cancer therapy via active albumin nanoparticles: A hypothesis	3
Right Broca’s area is hyperactive in right-handed subjects during meditation: Possible clinical implications?	3
3-Hydroxybutyrate could serve as a principal energy substrate for human microbiota	3
Developing a novel hypothesis to enhance mental resilience via targeting Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in gut-brain axis	3
Neurodynamics of “cognitive conflict”: Theory and illustrative case study	3
Intrathecal administration of clozapine to reduce side effects: A hypothesis	3
New hypotheses for cancer generation and progression	3
Rise and exacerbation of oral lichen planus in the background of SARS-CoV-2 infection	3
Radioimmunotherapy in glioblastoma multiforme: A hypothesis to benefit immune effects of radiotherapy with full potential	3
Hypothesis: Hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome is a determinant of fetal and young infant bone strength	3
Deficient synthesis of melatonin in COVID-19 can impair the resistance of coronavirus patients to mucormycosis	3
Platelets could be key regulators of epithelial/endothelial-to- mesenchymal transition in atherosclerosis and wound healing	3
Evaluating bentonite clay’s potential in protecting intestinal flora and alleviating pseudomembranous colitis following antibiotic usage	3
Editorial Board	3
Editorial Board	3
A hidden element governing immunogenicity in tumoral neoepitopes	3
Vaccine enhancement and improved immunogenicity using erythrocytes as carriers	3
Could sleep quality in pregnant women be related to developmental defects of enamel in children?	3
Combination therapy of curcumin and fecal microbiota transplant: Potential treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome	3
Brain fog in long COVID: A glutamatergic hypothesis with astrocyte dysfunction accounting for brain PET glucose hypometabolism	3
Editorial Board	3
Laryngeal carcinoma experimental model suggests the possibility of tumor seeding to gastrostomy site	2
Metabolically healthy obese vs. Metabolic syndrome – The crosslink between nutritional exposure to bisphenols and physical exercise	2
Stress and periodontal disease: Is the relationship bidirectional? If yes, is MMP- 8 one of the connecting links?	2
Erythrocyte enucleation in mammals is an anticancer mechanism: A hypothesis	2
The use of negative oxygen ion clusters [O2−(H2O)n] and bicarbonate ions [HCO3−] as the supportive treatment of COVID-19 infections: A possibility	2
Transgenic animal models for diagnosis of Disease: A hypothesis	2
Human menstrual blood-derived stem cells combined with a new 3D bioprinted composite scaffold for spinal cord injury treatment	2

The importance of combined Candida & Borrelia biofilms in Lyme’s disease and the value of ultrasound treatment: A medical hypothesis	2
Down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease: Same infectious cause, same preventive?	2
Tension type headaches: Whether they are primary or secondary headaches?	2
Editorial Board	2
The association between sleeping position and symptom severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder	2
Age-related estrogen depletion as a possible exacerbating factor in the development of Fatal familial insomnia	2
Resilience of the intestinal microbiota of a professional athlete in an Ultraendurance performance: Which factors must be considered?	2
Do ‘nature’ mediate stem cells empowerment in women?	2
Speechreading as a secondary diagnostic tool in bipolar disorder	2
Fighting arterial stiffness: A case for the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness in firefighters	2
Would Charcot’s “hystero-epilepsy” be a hypofunction of the NMDA receptors?	2
Editorial Board	2
Van Gogh, lateral tilt, and the El Greco fallacy	2
Determination of the effect of silica nanoparticles on TRP currents in retinal pigment epithelial cells by entropy measurement	2
Anticholinergic drugs versus preprocedural mouth rinses for reduction of SARS-CoV-2 load in dental aerosols	2
The role of BIO potency in treatment algorithms: A hypothetical proposal for optimizing biologic therapies in psoriasis with atopic predisposition	2
Auto-domestication hypothesis and the rise in mental disorders in modern humans	2
Molecular hydrogen as a potential adjuvant therapy for alleviating long COVID	2
Exploring the link between sacral neuromodulation and body balance mechanism	2
Repurposing pentosan polysulfate sodium as hyaluronic acid linked polyion complex nanoparticles for the management of osteoarthritis: A potential approach	2
Hypothesis: Waterfowl may be important intermediary reservoirs of Naegleria fowleri	2
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT): An emerging treatment for peri-implantitis	2
Female ejaculation enhances reproductive success	2
Treatment of tinnitus using sound therapy in the form of a mono signal with a frequency consistent with the natural vibrations of the cilia in the Corti organ	2
Hystero-epilepsy in the Tuesday Lessons and NMDA receptor function: A hypothesis for dissociative disorder	2
Is brachiation a prelude to the evolution of the hominin throwing shoulder?	2
ABO gene may be salient to the out of Africa migrations to the Americas	2
PCSK9 single nucleotide variants might affect susceptibility to malaria through regulation of CD36	2
Moving beyond Vesalius: Why anatomy needs a mapping update	2
Unbalanced development and progressive repair in human early mosaic and chimeric embryos	2
Hygroscopic nature of betel quid: A cause for acinar cell degeneration and xerostomia	2
Intraoperative ultrasound guidance assisted oblique lateral interbody fusion for lumbar spinal stenosis	2
Targeting the immune-privileged myofibroblast in oral submucous fibrosis by CAR T-cell therapy	2
Psilocybin to promote synaptogenesis in the brains of patients with mild cognitive impairment	2
Van Gogh response Reply by Prof Dasgupta et al to YMEHY-D-22-00157 “Van Gogh, lateral tilt, and the El Greco fallacy”	2
Are fungi responsible for the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus?	2
Hypothesis: The triad androgen receptor, zinc finger proteins and telomeres modulates the global gene expression pattern during prostate cancer progression	2
COVID-19, colchicine and glycemia	2
Adenosine deaminase and cytokines associated with infectious diseases as risk factors for inflammatory arthritis and methotrexate as a potential prophylactic agent	2
Intense pulsed light alleviates keratoconus by improving the local corneal microenvironment	2
Can bilirubin nanomedicine become a hope for the management of COVID-19?	2
Topical application of Ringer's lactate for PHASE 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity : A potential treatment hypothesis	2
What are the physiologic effects of Resistance Exercise behind breast cancer-related lymphedema prevention?	2
Editorial Board	2
Fundamental disincorporation and early non-inflammatory microglia alterations: Possible bridging phenomena between neurobiology and psychopathology in schizophrenia	2
Targeting Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase: A novel approach for diabetes therapy	2
Are Dyskeratosis Congenita patients at higher risk of symptomatic COVID-19?	2
Comment on “Physical exercise and glycemic control: Is HbA1c the best marker for assessing the effects of aerobic training?”	2
A novel intrauterine barrier for preventing the recurrence of IUA after TCRA procedure	2
Baseline plethysmographic signal of arterial pulse during polysomnography: a potential insight into venous return and its clinical implications	2
The cobblestones of research: How to make it easier?	2
A tale of two diseases: Sarcoidosis, COVID-19 and new therapeutic options with dual RAS inhibition and tetanus-diphtheria vaccine	2
C3d(g), iron nanoparticles, hemin and cytochrome c may induce oxidative cytotoxicity in tumors and reduce tumor-associated myeloid cells-mediated immunosuppression	2
Strengthening CoViD-19 therapy via combinations of RAS modulators	2
Do osmotic pressure and hygroscopicity of areca nut related products drive extracellular fluid loss and condensation of collagen bundles in oral submucous fibrosis?	2
The potential role of immunity in the development of early distant metastases in locoregionally treated oral squamous cell carcinoma	2
Hypothesis: Androgen receptor/Aurora A kinase/NF-κB signaling axis induce inflammatory response during polycystic ovarian syndrome progression	1
Unveiling novel therapeutic avenues: Targeting the cyclin D/CDK4 axis for enhanced cancer treatment	1
Intra-uterus phthalate exposure, ROS formation and altered mitochondrial D-loop methylation pattern at birth as potential triggers and markers of Alzheimer’s disease	1
Potential regulation of certain genes at the transcription level for ferroptosis evasion in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): A hypothesis	1
Fecal microbiota transplantation: A potential novel treatment strategy for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis	1
How might acne and prostate cancer be connected?	1
Chronic fatigue syndrome and multiple sclerosis have reduced craniospinal compliance and dilated pressurized bridging cortical veins	1
Are there medium to short-term multifaceted effects of the airborne pollutant PM2.5 determining the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants?	1
Possible influence of neurosteroids in the anxiolytic effects of alpha-casozepine	1
Deficits in access consciousness, integrative function, and consequent autonoetic thinking in schizophrenia	1
Editorial Board	1
Rubber-banding and the phenomenon of global hypoperfusion	1
Personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation guided by the spectral electroencephalogram may enhance and democratize therapy for autism spectrum disorder	1
Amniotic extracelluar matrix microgels for attenuation of radiation-induced lung injury	1
Response to: Obesity paradox in acute myocardial infarction: Is plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 the culprit?	1
Neuromodulation using transcranial focused ultrasonography in neonates with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy	1
Is paracetamol a neuroendocrine disruptor of the developing sexual brain?	1
Deregulated kynurenine metabolism – An alternate hypothesis for COVID-19 associated anosmia	1
Prostaglandins suppress neutrophil function after sexual intercourse and may promote urinary tract infections	1
Distinctive feeding vessel architecture and sparse collateralization may underlie the characteristic early temporal pole and external capsule white matter compromise in CADASIL	1
Editorial Board	1
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) as a plausible novel therapeutic target for treating neurological complications in ZikaVirus	1
Functional seizure therapy via transauricular vagus nerve stimulation	1
The maternal epigenome as a window into the in utero environment that the foetus experiences	1
The Black Death ravaging Europe in the fourteenth century might be the pathogen-driven selective pressure for factor V Leiden	1
Relationship between patient personality and tooth extraction difficulty: A hypothesis-based exploration	1
A “Periodic Table” approach to understand the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction	1
Bouldering & chronic traumatic encephalopathy – That is repeated mild traumatic brain injury from climbing	1
Coptisine reverses Alzheimer’s disease by targeting cholinergic and amyloidogenic pathways	1
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 may play pivotal role in distraction-stimulated neovascularization of diabetic foot ulcer	1
Why is the inferior aspect of the shoulder joint unprotected and weakest? A theory on brachiation and bipedalism	1
Periodontitis could affect functional connectivity in the brain leading to worsening of neuro psychiatric disorders – A hypothesis	1
Multiple sclerosis, extra-mitochondrial energy production in myelin and transgenerational effects of lead exposure: Possible connections	1
Vibroacoustic therapy to treat pain in the temporomandibular joint	1
The hierarchical predictive coding framework of post-traumatic stress disorder	1
Low-carbohydrate diet as a disease modifier for relapse prevention of treatment-resistant depression. Spotlight on neuroplasticity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor	1
An integrated thermal sensation scale for estimating thermal strain in water	1
Editorial Board	1
Developmental stuttering may be caused by insufficient processing of auditory feedback	1