Medical Hypotheses

Article	Citations
Exciter laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) can be a powerful weapon in the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)	38
Unraveling the impact of technology on immunological learning: What is the immune system listening to?	30
Long-term neurological implications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in neonates: Innate immune memory and chronic neuroinflammation	29
Editorial Board	25
Can virophages be used for management of viral infections?	24
A novel therapeutic approach for allergic rhinitis by exosome-mimetic nanovesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells to restore nasal mucosal epithelial barrier	24
Vaccine enhancement and improved immunogenicity using erythrocytes as carriers	23
Could cuproptosis be a novel therapeutic target for tooth eruption disturbances	21
Stellate Ganglion Block may represent an effective therapeutic for Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome	21
Dynamic tissue distraction may enhance therapeutic efficacy for Critical limb ischemia	20
A quantum mechanical explanation for auditory-visual hallucinations	20
Protective effect of methylene blue in iron-induced neurotoxicity	15
The hypothetical molecular pathways of ursolic acid to attenuate the premature ovarian failure in human	15
Could sleep quality in pregnant women be related to developmental defects of enamel in children?	15
Combination therapy of curcumin and fecal microbiota transplant: Potential treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome	15
Osteoclasts may play key roles in initiating biomaterial-induced ectopic bone formation	14
Post-adenoviral-based vaccines Guillain-Barre Syndrome: A proposed mechanism	14
Hypothesis: Hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome is a determinant of fetal and young infant bone strength	13
Progesterone-induced blocking factor and interleukin 4 as novel therapeutics in the treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss	12
Delivery of PTEN protein into tumor cells as a promising strategy for cancer therapy via active albumin nanoparticles: A hypothesis	11
Neuroinflammation as a possible link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and pain	11
The potential mechanisms of pain relief in patients after percutaneous vertebroplasty: Intravertebral pressure release and peripheral nerve ablation	11
A novel intrauterine barrier for preventing the recurrence of IUA after TCRA procedure	10
NIoBReTH: A novel integrative paradigm of protection against SARS-CoV-2 and other airborne pathogens with fewer socioeconomic constraints	10
A new neonatal gastro-intestinal physiology-and pyloric stenosis of infancy a hypothesis	9

Fighting arterial stiffness: A case for the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness in firefighters	9
Targeting survival without morbidity: Heart rate characteristics for oxygen supplementation optimization in neonatal care	9
Are fungi responsible for the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus?	9
Primary aldosteronism: A consequence of sugar and western Diet?	9
Speechreading as a secondary diagnostic tool in bipolar disorder	9
Amelioration of social impairments in autism: Possible role of vagal afferent stimulation in modification of the prefrontal-amygdala connectivity	8
Retraction notice to “Facemasks in the COVID-19 era: A health hypothesis” [Medical Hypotheses 146 (2021) 5]	8
Fundamental disincorporation and early non-inflammatory microglia alterations: Possible bridging phenomena between neurobiology and psychopathology in schizophrenia	8
Exploring the link between sacral neuromodulation and body balance mechanism	8
The use of negative oxygen ion clusters [O2−(H2O)n] and bicarbonate ions [HCO3−] as the supportive treatment of COVID-19 infections: A possibility	8
Editorial Board	8
Psilocybin to promote synaptogenesis in the brains of patients with mild cognitive impairment	8
Activation of resident immune cells induces enteric neuronal death	8
SIRT1-autophagy axis may inhibit oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis in human nucleus pulposus cells	8
Chrono-regulation of AR-V7: A potential temporal driver of hormone resistance in prostate cancer?	8
Multiple sclerosis, extra-mitochondrial energy production in myelin and transgenerational effects of lead exposure: Possible connections	7
Periodontitis could affect functional connectivity in the brain leading to worsening of neuro psychiatric disorders – A hypothesis	7
Phrenic nerve neurorrhaphy with a sural nerve graft in unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis	7
Insight into the possible therapeutic implication of the α-oxoaldehyde glyoxal in the treatment of viral infection	7
Diaphragmatic speckle tracking imaging for 2D-strain assessment in mechanical ventilation weaning test	7
Hypothesis on the potential of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to modulate neurochemical pathways and circadian rhythm in ADHD	7
Investigating myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in hereditary citrullinemia	7
Editorial Board	7
Regular intake of vasodip (lercanidipine) relieves migraine attacks	7
A novel hypothesis about abnormalities in ependymal ciliary cytoskeleton driving the development of syringomyelia-associated scoliosis and its potential mechanism	6
Targeting the hypothalamic MC4 receptor: A novel approach to senolytic therapy?	6
Abulia is mediated by the neural pathways responsible for passivity symptoms with initiated actions remaining subject to conscious veto	6
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) as a plausible novel therapeutic target for treating neurological complications in ZikaVirus	6
BP-180-specific IgG antibodies: A potential useful candidate for early diagnosis of Bullous pemphigoid during anti-PD-1/anti-PDL-1 of melanoma patients	6
Schizophrenia’s gene expression defies clarity: Insights from postmortem brain data	6
Mitochondrial hijacking: A potential mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 to impair female fertility	6
Why is the inferior aspect of the shoulder joint unprotected and weakest? A theory on brachiation and bipedalism	6
Use of natural cysteine protease inhibitors in limiting SARS-Co-2 fusion into human respiratory cells	6
Hypothesis for renin-angiotensin inhibitor mitigation of COVID-19	6
Age, obesity and hyperglycaemia: Activation of innate immunity initiates a series of molecular interactions involving anionic surfaces leading to COVID-19 morbidity and mortality	5
Editorial Board	5
Editorial Board	5
Strategic combinatorial delivery of tranilast and paclitaxel using differently functionalized PLGA nanoparticles for enhanced penetration and accumulation in Breast tumor	5
Models for SARS-CoV-2 associated thrombocytopenia associated with hemophagocytic histiocytes	5
Highly expressed ACE-2 receptors during pregnancy: A protective factor for SARS-COV-2 infection?	5
Could digoxin treat tachyarrhythmias in severe methylxanthine overdose?	5
Tubular visual field defect relies on hyperbolic geometry spatial representations	5
Vitamin D may prevent COVID-19 induced pregnancy complication	5
Colonic mast cells trigger enteric neuronal death through the S100β/RAGE/NFκB pathway on inflammatory bowel diseases	5
Assessing the structural and functional changes in vagus nerve in multiple sclerosis	5
Editorial Board	4
Marginal BH4 deficiencies, iNOS, and self-perpetuating oxidative stress in post-acute sequelae of Covid-19	4
Hypothesis of subcortical visual pathway impairment in schizophrenia	4
Could ancient Yamnaya dairying explain the environmental component of multiple sclerosis?	4
Bayesian interpretation of the hygiene hypothesis	4

Pathological Demand Avoidance is a result of mental process opacity	4
Reply to: “Is there a genetic link between keratoconus and Fuch’s endothelial corneal dystrophy?”	4
Increased intracranial pressure due to chronic weight lifting exercises as a hypothesis of partial empty sella syndrome in an elite athlete	4
Low endogenous deoxyribonuclease activity in the colon as a factor contributing to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis	4
Prolonged unexplained event might change an “unreliable perpetrator” into a “reliable resuscitator”	4
Effects of biological clock on acute pancreatitis: Roles and mechanisms	4
A promising method for reducing the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers: Regulating foot temperature during walking	4
Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia pathogenesis utilizes iron released by a hemolytic protozoan parasite	4
Proposal for assessment of the predominant symptom and physical function in patients suffering from Long COVID	4
Does habitual squatting account for the ethnic difference in hip osteoarthritis?	4
Autophagy: A self-guard against SARS-CoV-2	4
B cell receptor (BCR) guided mechanotransduction: Critical hypothesis to instruct SARS-CoV-2 specific B cells to trigger proximal signalling and antibody reshaping	4
Snoring may transmit infectious aerosols from the upper to the lower respiratory tract	4
A theory on the pathogenesis of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: Two hits and the role of light toxicity	4
Crabtree effect as a parallel pathogenetic pathway in diabetic retinopathy	4
A hypothesis exploring gender differences in gait variability using rhythmic auditory stimulation in individuals with Parkinson’s disease	4
Platelet concentrates may affect the formation of pathological scars by regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition	4
WITHDRAWN: Elevated histamine etiology model for most major vaccine associated adverse events including SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccines	4
Far beyond experiments or myths – Medical Hypotheses is a provocative resource that helps students to think about science with criticism	4
Can human metapneumovirus infection be prevented by exercise?	4
Corrigendum to “A hypothesis linking the Renin-Angiotensin, Kallikrein-Kinin systems, and disseminated coagulation in Covid-19” [Med. Hypothesis 192 (2024) 111488]	4
Supportive therapy during COVID-19: The proposed mechanism of short-chain fatty acids to prevent cytokine storm and multi-organ failure	3
Potential circadian rhythms impacts on amblyopia treatment outcomes	3
Glutamine addiction in virus-infected mammalian cells: A target of the innate immune system?	3
Do ‘nature’ mediate stem cells empowerment in women?	3
Editorial Board	3
The Lazarus’ sign: A novel hypothesis on its hodology and neurophysiological mechanisms	3
Attenuation of tryptophan metabolism by Fe chelators: A hypothesis regarding inhibiting tumor suppressive microenvironments in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	3
Estimate of benefit attributable to wearing masks in Chicago during the early days of the pandemic	3
Carpal, cubital or tarsal tunnel syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A causal link?	3
Fluoride as a potential contributory factor in pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis: A novel hypothesis	3
Disease is essentially a biodiversity: A hypothesis	3
Whole-body vibration combined with exercise may be more effective in lowering blood pressure and arterial stiffness than exercise alone in older adults with hypertension	3
Adipocytes in obesity: A perfect reservoir for SARS-CoV-2?	3
Central vs peripheral vascular factors determining risk of aortic dissection	3
Intrathecal administration of clozapine to reduce side effects: A hypothesis	3
Novel amino-acid based metal–organic frameworks (Bio-MOFs) as hemostatic agents: Unveiling promising frontiers in hemostasis	3
“Chelation therapy applied to the treatment of oral Peri-implantitis: A hypothesis”	3
Alzheimer’s disease is a result of loss of full brain buoyancy	3
How fluency-enhancing conditions reduce stuttering. A unified explanation	3
Why is the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve situated inside the brain?	3
Pleasure and displeasure in self-mutilation: A hypothesis for opponent process theory?	3
Editorial Board	3
Glycemia and venous thromboembolism in patients with primary brain tumors – A speculative review	3
Progressive overload in cardiorespiratory exercise training for young and old: Is increasing duration or intensity of exercise more important?	3
l-Methionine may modulate the assembly of SARS-CoV-2 by interfering with the mechanism of RNA polymerase	3
Can Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treat localized prostate cancer?	3
Prolactin and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection	3
Regarding the paradox of increased coronary atherosclerosis among highly trained athletes: Might hepcidin be the culprit?	3
Editorial Board	3
Proximal fibular osteotomy as a treatment for degenerative meniscal extrusion	3
Microglia harmonize the cerebral lymphoid system clearance in perioperative neurocognitive disorders by the ATP-AMP-ADO pathway	3
Are fenestrations in peripheral pre-Descemet’s layer the route for intracameral air bubble migration during femtosecond LASIK?	3
Molecular hydrogen as a potential adjuvant therapy for alleviating long COVID	3
How the somatosensory system adapts to the motor change in Stroke: A hemispheric Shift?	3
Erratum Regarding Previously Published Articles	3
CCL2/ACKR2 interaction participate in breast cancer metastasis especially in patients with altered lipid metabolism	3
Editorial Board	3
The role of Natural Killer cells in pregnancy and their potential impact on cancer prevention	3
Distinct contribution of monocarboxylate transporter 2 to infantile epileptic spasms syndrome	3
The concept of psychotic arousal and its relevance to abnormal subjective experiences in schizophrenia. A hypothesis for the formation of primary delusions	3
Bayesian predictive coding hypothesis: Brain as observer’s key role in insight	3
A hidden element governing immunogenicity in tumoral neoepitopes	3
Could fecal microbial transplantation offer a new potential in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma?	3
Comment on: Central effects of Stellate Ganglion Block mediated by the vagus nerve? An alternate hypothesis for treating PTSD	3
Correspondence to ’A quantum mechanical explanation for auditory-visual hallucinations by Liam Greenacre’	3
Editorial Board	3
Synergistic anticancer activity of Sulphoraphane and Teriflunomide co loaded lignin nanoparticles against triple negative breast cancer: Targeted nanoparticle delivery and drug repurposing	3
Extending mental practice to sleep: Enhancing motor skills through lucid dreaming	3
Acidic solution irrigation as a novel approach for treating infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis	3
Alleviating morphine-induced itching while sustaining its analgesic efficacy: Esketamine as a potential co-administrating choice	3
Transferosomal in situ gel administered through umbilical skin tissues for improved systemic bioavailability of drugs: A novel strategy to replace conventional transdermal route	3
Bridging the gap: Compressing non-unions for proper cellular signaling	2
Hypothesis of immune homeostasis regulator: The nervous system regulates glucose immunometabolism to control immunity	2
Erythrocyte enucleation in mammals is an anticancer mechanism: A hypothesis	2
Beyond HbA1c: Can mitochondrial function assessment enhance evaluation of exercise efficacy?	2
Nanoscale self-assembling prodrugs of sulfapyridine for treatment of arthritis: Harnessing the dual approach	2
A hypothesis on the combination of platelet concentrates and adipocytes promoting wound healing through a bidirectional regulatory mechanism	2
Adenosine deaminase and cytokines associated with infectious diseases as risk factors for inflammatory arthritis and methotrexate as a potential prophylactic agent	2
Is adiponectin deficiency a critical factor for sevoflurane induced neurocognitive dysfunction?	2

Possible influence of neurosteroids in the anxiolytic effects of alpha-casozepine	2
Editorial Board	2
Amniotic extracelluar matrix microgels for attenuation of radiation-induced lung injury	2
Fibrosis-associated DDR1 downregulation contributes to a better prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with oral submucous fibrosis	2
Deregulated kynurenine metabolism – An alternate hypothesis for COVID-19 associated anosmia	2
Selenium deficiency and T-2 toxin trigger ferroptosis in cartilage from Kashin-Beck diseases	2
When to intervene in aortic stenosis; can cardiac troponin I in the first morning urine be our guide?	2
Intranasal interferon-beta as a promising alternative for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease	2
Is vestibular migraine really a separate form of migraine?	2
Potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of retinal detachment: Artificial interphotoreceptor matrix	2
Editorial Board	2
Reactive retinal vasodilation may mask capillary loss in eyes without diabetic retinopathy and isolated neurodegeneration	2
The potential role of fixation eye movements in the development of myopia	2
Topical metformin as a novel therapy for alopecia areata due to its immunologic effects	2
The reverse zoonosis transfer cycle from the human-animal-plant-environment interface: How antibiotic-resistant bacteria from humans threaten the environment and fuel the rise of superbugs	2
Gut barrier dysfunction and type 2 immunity: Implications for compulsive behavior	2
A hypothesis to explain the potential influence of hormones on the severity of autism spectrum conditions in women	2
The uncoupled anterior and posterior spinal ligament tension (UAPLT) – An improvement to three-dimensional spring model of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) pathogenesis	2
Heat shock protein 90, death-associated protein kinase 1 and other cold-induced proteins: Who’s to blame for cold-induced inflammasome activation in familial cold autoinflammatory syndromes?	2
What are the physiologic effects of Resistance Exercise behind breast cancer-related lymphedema prevention?	2
The digestive Enzyme-Based nasal dysbiosis in Empty nose Syndrome: A theory	2
Demethyleneberberine: A possible treatment for Huntington’s disease	2
Physical exercise and glycemic control: Is HbA1c the best marker for assessing the effects of aerobic training?	2
Hypothesis: Androgen receptor/Aurora A kinase/NF-κB signaling axis induce inflammatory response during polycystic ovarian syndrome progression	2
Mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles: A possible strategy for prevention of preterm birth	2
Is paracetamol a neuroendocrine disruptor of the developing sexual brain?	2
The emerging concept of glycocalyx damage as the trigger of heart failure onset and progression	2
Research in the pruritus of cholestasis: Genetics, behavioral studies, and physiomimetic interorgan models	2
Applying radiofrequency energy to the penis in the treatment of erectile dysfunction	2
From treatment of mental disorders to the treatment of difficult life situations: A hypothesis and rationale	2
The organ transplant recipient, a chimera subject, who develops a neoplastic lesion may be the suitable model to reconstruct the hierarchical organization of tumors	2
Electrographic seizures possibly contribute to the epileptogenesis of acquired epilepsy	2
Editorial Board	2
Ischaemic chondronecrosis as a novel causative factor in the aetiopathogenesis of infantile Blount’s disease	2
Role of ependymal cilia impairment in syringomyelia formation and its potential mechanism	2
A novel etiological approach for the development of knee osteoarthritis in sedentary adults	2
Copper acetate aerosols: A possible tool complementary to vaccination in fight against SARS-CoV-2 and variants replication	2
The mint versus Covid hypothesis	2
Multi-drug loaded microneedles for emergency treatment of snakebite envenomation	2
Distinctive feeding vessel architecture and sparse collateralization may underlie the characteristic early temporal pole and external capsule white matter compromise in CADASIL	2
Möbius strip and cancer	2
Editorial Board	2
Obesity paradox in acute myocardial infarction: Is plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 the culprit?	2
SARM1-mediated wallerian degeneration: A possible mechanism underlying organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy	2
Comment on “Alleviating morphine-induced itching while sustaining its analgesic efficacy: Esketamine as a potential co-administrating choice”	2
Retroviral synergy in oncogenesis via additive and cooperative protein actions and cross-reactivity of antiretroviral therapy	2
Beyond antibiotics: 3d-transition metal ions − serum albumin −indocyanine green complex as a novel multifunctional NIR-responsive therapeutic platform for treating diabetic foot ulcer	2
Unveiling novel therapeutic avenues: Targeting the cyclin D/CDK4 axis for enhanced cancer treatment	2
How were Lactobacillus species selected as single dominant species in the human vaginal microbiota? Coevolution of humans and Lactobacillus	2
The oncoprotective fever hypothesis: Have antibiotics, antimalarials and antipyrectics contributed to the global rise in cancer over the past century?	2
The maternal epigenome as a window into the in utero environment that the foetus experiences	2
Could neutrophil extracellular traps drive the development of autism?	2
Are there medium to short-term multifaceted effects of the airborne pollutant PM2.5 determining the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants?	2
Hypothesis: Platelet-rich plasma accelerate diabetic wound healing via dynamic modulation of multiple signaling pathways	2
Tailored lipopeptide surfactants as potentially effective drugs to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection	2
Could mosquito bites facilitate IgE sensitization to food and inhalant allergens?	2
Time and the body: A new approach to disease	2
Regular short exposures to cold environment as an adjunct therapy for patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS)	2
A bioengineered model for reinnervating the decellularized extracellular matrix of corneal scaffolds	2
Does aberrant electrocortical dynamics pattern imply atypical balance control in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis?	2
Revolution of artificial intelligence in antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and anti-inflammatory techniques: Smart photo-sonodynamic appliance in the internet of dental things (IoDT)	1
Calcitonin gene-related peptide: A biomarker for stroke in SARS-CoV-2 infection?	1
The synergistic potential of GLP-1R agonist dulaglutide and ghrelin receptor analogue anamorelin in ameliorating muscle atrophy	1
What is the mechanism of loudness hyperacusis in autism?	1
Traffic-derived metal bioaccumulation in bone tissue as a driver of osteoporosis	1
The role of hemispheric sensory shifts: Impacts on stretch reflex and motor plasticity post-stroke	1
Possible causes of vertigo attacks in Meniere’s disease	1
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and life expectancy: Do pharyngeal evolutionary changes matter?	1
High intelligence may exacerbate paediatric inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection	1
Reducing fibrosis progression of biliary atresia by continuous administration of aducanumab at low dose: A potential treatment	1
Multifaceted efficacy of caspofungin against fungal infections in COVID-19 patients	1
Personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation guided by the spectral electroencephalogram may enhance and democratize therapy for autism spectrum disorder	1
A hypotheses to explain acute adjustment disorder after phakic intraocular lens implantation in a highly myopic patient: Potential causes and suggested remedies	1
Renin cell baroreceptor and arachidonic acid	1
Exploring the role of mTOR signaling pathway in ketamine's therapeutic effects on suicide risk in depression: Insights into circadian dysregulation mechanisms	1
Possible immune mechanisms initiated by 7-ketocholesterol that contribute to synovial oxidative stress and inflammation	1
MALAT1: A novel hypothesis on the pathology of vascular injury in patients with β-thalassemia	1
Response to: Obesity paradox in acute myocardial infarction: Is plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 the culprit?	1
Is dream progression a Fibonacci spiral? A hypothesis	1
Editorial Board	1
Editorial Board	1
Evolution of male-to-female oral sex as a detection tool of bacterial vaginosis and subsequent infertility	1
Can atrial lead system ameliorate the diagnosis of atrial arrhythmias?	1
Use of Nile tilapia fish skin in oral submucous fibrosis therapeutics	1
Potential therapeutic effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on COVID-19-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension	1
Potential cellular intravesical therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: Nectin-4 targeted CAR-T cell therapy	1
Proposal for adenomyosis classification based on the endometriosis phenotype	1
Combatting future variants of SARS-CoV-2 using an in-silico peptide vaccine approach by targeting the spike protein	1
Infrapatellar fat pad resection: A potential approach for slowing knee osteoarthritis progression	1
Do circulating autoantibodies commonly found in healthy individuals reduce cancer risk?	1
Editorial Board	1
Reply to: “Is there a genetic link between Keratoconus and Fuch’s endothelial corneal dystrophy?”	1
A one-step platform for screening high-efficient and minimal off-target CRISPR/Cas13 crRNAs to eradicate SARS-CoV-2 virus for treatment of COVID-19 patients	1
Is Epstein Barr virus latency protective against type 1 diabetes?	1
Can we reduce cancer progression via disrupting autophagy-cholesterol uptake nexus?	1