Behavioural Processes

Article	Citations
Not just for males: Flehmen as a tool for detection of reproductive status and individual recognition across sexes in four African equid species	73
Aroma-dillo or Area-dillo? An examination of armadillos’ sensory modality bias	36
Three methods of behavioural testing to measure anxiety – A review	31
Chronic high-dose testosterone impairs economic decision making, but has no effect on memory in male rats	23
Learning about reward identities and time	22
Acute caffeine enhances sign-tracking in male Sprague-Dawley rats	21
A Pavlovian, conditioned-reinforcement approach to reducing impulsive choice	20
Behavioral responses to predator and heterospecific alarm calls are habitat-specific in Eurasian tree sparrows	20
Behavioural changes of native freshwater prawn in the presence of a predator fish	18
ABA, AAB and ABC renewal with Pavlovian Conditioning of Tentacle Lowering procedure in the snail Cornu aspersum	18
Unpredictable mealtimes rather than social jetlag affects acquisition and retention of hippocampal dependent memory	18
Evaluation of temperament traits and its association with visual lateralisation in oval squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana)	17
Light, camera, action: Behavioral responses of the yellow scorpion Tityus serrulatus to different lights	17
Verbal segments and multiple-pair training in relational responding under a transposition paradigm in children	16
An evaluation of hedonic responses in taste-potentiated odor aversion using the analysis of licking microstructure and orofacial reactivity	16
Activity vs exploration: Locomotion in a known and unknown environment differs in Atlantic cod juveniles (Gadus morhua)	15
A test of the role of stimulus-response and stimulus-outcome associations in the effects of intermittent-access training	15
Responses to environmental enrichment are associated with personality characteristics in chestnut-bellied seed finches (Sporophila angolensis)	14
Time, uncertainty, and suboptimal choice	14
SQAB 2021: Translational research using computation approaches	12
Combined effects of reinstatement and spontaneous recovery	12
Interference of same/different learning by a spatial discrimination	12
Social dynamics and behavior of zoo-housed red-footed tortoises at different housing densities	12
Overt physiological responses and atypical behavior evoked in adult zebrafish in the novel tank test by two acute ‘survival’ stressors	12
I call dibs on it! Chemical cues of intraspecific competitors potentiate food consumption in anuran tadpoles	12

Effects of individual or common resources availability in choosing individual or shared contingencies	11
Housing-dependent variation in goal-tracking behavior predicts use of a spatial strategy in a dual-solution Morris water maze task	11
May unpredictable events affect monkey welfare under human care?	11
Behavioural plasticity in a solitary foraging ant: Effect of experience and food distribution	11
Environmental conditions shape learning in larval zebrafish	11
Does predation environment affect repeated responses to predation cues in the fish Brachyrhaphis rhabdophora?	11
Individual differences in degree of discounting: Do different procedures and measures assess the same construct?	11
Non-invasive, real-time stress measurement: Vocalization compared with thermal imaging in kittens of the domestic cat in response to social separation	11
Experimental analysis of choice behavior in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica)	10
Adapting rodent cued threat conditioning to planarians: Memory acquisition, consolidation, and reconsolidation	10
Environmental enrichment accelerates the acquisition of schedule-induced drinking in rats	10
Effects of inter-trial interval on sign-tracking and conditioned reinforcer efficacy in female rats	10
Choice reaction time in pigeons fails to increase as predicted by Hick’s law	10
Consummatory successive positive contrast with aversive solutions in infant rats: Replication and generalization to a higher concentration of a bitter solution	9
Ontogeny of pup isolation-induced ultrasonic calls in a highly social rodent, the Harting’s vole (Microtus hartingi)	9
Female Java sparrows prefer high exploratory males without assortative mating	9
Some properties of habituation of siphon withdrawal in the slimy clam (Ruditapes decussatus)	9
Effects of external cues and group mate body size on the collective behavior of shoaling crucian carp	9
Sex differences in locomotor recovery across mating contexts in Drosophila melanogaster	9
Effects of probabilistic win-paired-cues on loss trials on risky choice in rats	9
Motivational state-dependent renewal and reinstatement of operant responding under food and water deprivation states	9
Altruism, reciprocity, and probability: Examining relations through a discounting framework	9
Exploratory responses of rats to cage-mates and conspecifics from another cage in a habituation–dishabituation paradigm with multiple habituation stimuli	9
Training primates to forage in virtual 3D environments	9
A preliminary evaluation of habituation and dishabituation of operant responding in mice	8
Effects of pre-session feeding, an abolishing operation, on resurgence in rats	8
Comparison of ultrasonic isolation calls of pure-breeding and interspecies hybrid Phodopus dwarf hamster pups	8
Ejaculation latency determines susceptibility to stress in the male rat	8
Plasticity in sex roles and female competition in Neotropical dung roller beetles	8
Topographical aspects of brief-stimulus presentations: A re-examination of the problem of conditioned reinforcement	8
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Never smile at a crocodile: Gaping behaviour in the Nile crocodile at Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa	7
Domestication and social environment modulate fear responses in young chickens	7
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Choices about whether to wait: Changes in delay discounting without changes in time perception	7
Observation of female-male mounting in the carrion crow	7
A computational perspective on rapid reacquisition: Phenotype-specific effects of reinforcement history	7
Examining resurgence and repetition with the evolutionary theory of behavior dynamics	7
Autoshaped impulsivity: Some explorations with a neural network model	7
Instructional control in choice tasks: The relation between type of schedule and relative expected values	7
Chicks make stochastic decisions based on gain rates of different time constants	7
Stag beetle Cyclommatus mniszechi employs both mutual- and self-assessment strategies in male-male combat	7
Trained dogs do not give up: Effects of advanced training on the persistence of domestic dogs	7
Female aggression towards same-sex rivals depends on context in a tropical songbird	7
Applying an eye tracking technique to gibbons: First study using scanpath measurements for visual stimuli	7
Extra-experimental scarcity impacts hypothetical operant demand: A natural SARS-CoV-2 eperiment	7
Sex-based differences, diurnal and seasonal trends in thermoregulatory behaviour of nesting Painted Stork (Mycteria leucocephala)	6
Coup in the coop: Rank changes in chicken dominance hierarchies over maturation	6
Exploratory behaviour shapes nutrient versus energy foraging priorities in Java sparrows	6

Removing the opportunity to respond induces resurgence	6
Matching is acquired faster than mismatching by pigeons when salient stimuli are presented manually	6
Rats’ preferences in the suboptimal-choice procedure are affected by the perceptual salience of the stimuli	6
Nearest neighbour distance does not affect escape behaviour in urban hooded crows	6
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Effects of housing density on anxiety-like behavior of zebrafish in the plus maze with ramp	6
Anxiety in Brazilian dogs: Typical behaviors, anxiety-inducing situations, and sociodemographic factors	6
Are you talking to me? Captive Asian elephants react to voice familiarity and Elephant-Directed speech	6
Overmatching under food uncertainty in foraging pigeons	5
Can a traditional partner preference test quantify monogamous behavior in captive coyotes?	5
Primacy and recency effects in hierarchical renewal in rats	5
Investigating the role of environmental enrichment initiated in adolescence against the detrimental effects of chronic unpredictable stress in adulthood: Sex-specific differences in behavioral and neu	5
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Patrolling the area, not ousting intruders, relates to reproductive success for territorial male Leon Springs pupfish, Cyprinodon bovinus	5
Threespine stickleback do not use social cues to learn about predation risk	5
Abbreviated fixed-interval interventions promote self-control in rats	5
Individual vocal identity may be obscured following colony assembly in captive black-capped chickadees	5
Foraging behaviour of Pheidole latinoda: An impetus for employing a heuristic approach to address optimization challenges	5
Prey selection and foraging behavior of Eriocheir sinensis towards three freshwater mollusk species: Mechanisms and ecological implications	5
Observation of drinking behaviour in the Ursus arctos marsicanus at a tree cavity (dendrotelm) in the central Apennines	5
Degrading stimuli by reducing image resolution impairs performance in a rodent continuous performance test	5
Social hierarchy determination in rams: A comparison of different methods	5
Prevention of self-grooming in rats: Evidence for a rebound effect	5
Attention bias and novel object test in rams (Ovis aries) under intensive farming	5
Black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) discriminate between naturally-ordered and scramble-ordered chick-a-dee calls and individual preference is related to rate of learning	5
Investigating individual learning behaviour of dogs during a yes/no detection task	5
Invasive social wasp learning abilities when foraging in human modified environments	5
Does boldness stamp a morphological mark? Evidence of decoupling in the invasive giant African snail Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822)	5
Resurgence of target behavior after negative punishment of alternative behavior	5
Evidence of AAB, ABA, and ABC renewal procedures for instrumental response in elementary school children	5
Ecology of acoustic partitioning in insect assemblages	5
Effects of water restriction and dirt on grooming behavior in neotropical rodents (Trinomys setosus and T. yonenagae) (Echimyidae)	5
Evidence of conditioned food aversion in Japanese fire-bellied newts (Cynops pyrrhogaster)	5
Optimal prey choice in a daily foraging bout	4
Female dogs evaluate levels of competence in humans	4
The ‘less-is-better’ effect in capuchin monkeys (Sapajus sp.): Some data and a contrast-like hypothesis	4
Structural consistency of exploratory behaviour of sub-adult and adult spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) in seven different tests	4
Familiarity, personality, and foraging performance in three-spined sticklebacks	4
The effectiveness of Go/Nogo dual-task is modulated by SOA and Go/Nogo ratio	4
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Witnessing others interact with a novel object has sex- and size-specific effects on neophilia in mosquitofish	4
Soft calls do not modulate aggressiveness in male common cuckoos toward conspecific territorial intruders: A sequential playback study	4
No evidence for mate copying in Danio rerio	4
Aerial urination in Amazon river dolphins: reassessing its social significance and implications for sensory biology	4
The effects of olfactory stimulation on the behaviour of captive slender lorises (Loris lydekkerianus)	4
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Predictive processing in volatile environments	4
Territorial defense is ineffective at protecting eggs from predation in the endangered Leon Springs pupfish (Cyprinodon bovinus)	4
Vocal individuality in two sympatric seabird species: The role of developmental strategy, analytical approach and sample size	4
Sex differences in the expression of aggressive behavior and influences on social choice in zebrafish (Danio rerio)	4
Acute noise is harmful on the anti-predator behaviour of commercially important juvenile coral reef fishes	4
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Chronic social defeat stress induces context avoidance in mice	4
Learning to stop responding	4
Adaptive forgetting of place/object memory for dung in the domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus): Memory for a day	4
The temporal copulatory patterns of female rat sexual behavior	4
White Leghorn and Red Junglefowl female chicks use distal and local cues similarly, but differ in persistency behaviors, during a spatial orientation task	4
Cognition in captivity: Investigating learning, anxiety, and brain mass differences between captive and wild fathead minnow	4
Behavioural response of female Lewis rats toward 31-kHz ultrasonic calls	4
Behavioural changes in aposematic Heliconius melpomene butterflies in response to their predatory bird calls	4
Examination of the joint Simon effect in rats: Changes in task performance based on actions of the partner	4
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Inhibition of alloparental behavior by acute stress in virgin male California mice (Peromyscus californicus)	4
Auditory pattern discrimination in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)	4
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Acoustic traits of male ultrasonic courtship song in a rodent with induced ovulation, the Harting’s vole (Microtus hartingi)	4
The investigation of sexual and interspecies disparities in spatial learning and memory across two rodent species	4
Bottlenose dolphin communication during a role-specialized group foraging task	4
A standardised ethogram for the Psittaciformes	3
Individual variation in activity budgets of a stable population of killer whales in managed care across a year	3
Activity behavior of goitered gazelles in an arid environment	3
Decrease in the rewarding value of spatial novelty due to the contamination of the stimulus field with light – Evidence from a free exploration test involving rats	3
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Prosociality and reciprocity according to parental status, communication, and personality in domestic canaries (Serinus canaria)	3
Horses can learn to identify joy and sadness against other basic emotions from human facial expressions	3
Evaluating indicators of intentionality, flexibility, and goal-association in domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus) facial signals	3
Almost there: Learning to navigate approximately with a grid map	3
A mixed-species shoal including fewer heterospecifics is preferred by jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus juveniles	3
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Cost does not prevent pigeons from investing in the future	3

Flexible time-series analysis: A dynamically aware method for inferring directed dependencies in behavioral data	3
Behavioural responses to separation from human companion in the domestic cat: A survey-based study	3
Hot crabs with bold choices: Temperature has little impact on behavioural repeatability in Caribbean hermit crabs	3
Boldness and learning in an active foraging lizard	3
Sexual stimulation of captive Iberian ibex bucks (Capra pyrenaica): Effect of male social rank on the response to estrous females	3
First insights into social behavioral patterns between pairs of bait-attracted mature female tiger sharks from Fuvahmulah Island, Maldives	3
Using social network analysis to confirm the ‘gambit of the group’ hypothesis for a small cetacean	3
Back to the river: Behavioural patterns of Eurasian beavers recolonising central Italy	3
Individual and group behavioral responses to nutritional state and context in a social fish	3
Neuroanatomical investigation of aggression in pit bulls	3
The role of stimulus combinations in the repeated assessment of resurgence	3
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Assessment of ultrasonic vocalization-mediated communication deficits in AD rats: A social learning paradigm using conspecific drinking behavior	3
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Which form of environmental enrichment is most effective in rodent models of autism?	3
Emergent relations and competing behavior: Effects on interruptions, accuracy and reaction time	3
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Streamlining boldness measurement in fish: A practical approach to field studies	3
Corrigendum to “Evaluating indicators of intentionality, flexibility, and goal-association in domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus) facial signals” [Behav. Proc. 231, September 2025, 105244]	3
The consistency of exploration behaviours across life stages in a native Australian rodent, the fawn-footed mosaic-tailed rat Melomys cervinipes	3
Power law and competitive model for behavioral characterization of incompatible spontaneous behavior in Drosophila melanogaster	3
Reproductive advantage of the winners of male-male competition in Drosophila prolongata	3
Effects of delay sequence in a delay discounting task	3
Playing or fighting? Home cage dynamics in crowding or social instability paradigms contribute to stress and reproductive impairments in adult female Wistar rats	3
An investigation of turn alternation in two species of terrestrial isopods: Porcellio spinicornis and Trachelipus rathkii	3
Motivating operations as contexts for operant discrimination training and testing	3
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Regulation of sex differences in risk-based decision making by gonadal hormones: Insights from rodent models	3
SQAB 2022: New directions in learning research	3
Captive Blue-and-yellow macaws (Ara ararauna) show facial indicators of positive affect when reunited with their caregiver	2
ABA and AAB renewal of alcohol seeking in rats are reduced by exposure to beer before extinction	2
Are domestic chickens born with predator recognition? Validation of a sound playback experiment	2
The effect of interstimulus interval on sustained attention	2
Thin-fingered fiddler crabs display a natural preference for UV light cues but show no sensory bias to other hypertrophied claw coloration	2
Non-masking noise suppresses bird song	2
Influence of RFID tags on Melipona quadrifasciata behavior: Effects on locomotion and food choice	2
The structure of courtship behavior in Drosophila males: Boundaries of plasticity	2
Why do Cattle Egrets forage with cattle? An analysis from an anti-predation perspective	2
Runway extinction in terrestrial toads (Rhinella arenarum): Instrumental or Pavlovian?	2
Effects of initial-link schedule on suboptimal choice are modulated by bias	2
Further observations on the reinforcing value of sucrose solutions: Interaction between quantity and concentration	2
Learning and laterality in wild-caught Namaqua rock mice (Micaelamys namaquensis)	2
Social group during housing and testing modulates the effect of ethanol on zebrafish (Danio rerio) behavior	2
Rhesus monkeys show greater habituation to repeated computer-generated images than do orangutans	2
Modeling relational responding with artificial neural networks	2
Predation risk in two Patagonian Liolaemus lizards: Similar escape behaviour in different environmental contexts	2
Resource limitations: A taxonomy	2
Relational abilities index: A experimental study of the procedure at different trial durations	2
Increased vigilance to neighbor duets broadcast from unexpected territorial boundaries in rufous horneros	2
Tactile cues are important to environmental novelty during repeated open field tests	2
Disentangling the “many-eyes”, “dilution effect”, “selfish herd”, and “distracted prey” hypotheses in shaping alert and flight initiation distance in a colonial seabird	2
Locomotor play behavior evolves by random genetic drift but not as a correlated response to selective breeding for high voluntary wheel-running behavior	2
Noise-induced vocal shifts in the Himalayan Monal (Lophophorus impejanus) vocal distribution in two different habitats	2
The importance of color and body size for reproductive decision making by males and females of the giant river prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879) (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae)	2
The emergence and early development of socio-sexual behavior in beluga calves (Delphinapterus leucas)	2
When a glimpse is enough: Partial mimicry of jumping spiders by insects	2
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Sleepiness profiles in mice submitted to acute and chronic sleep deprivation	2
Modulation of dear enemy effects by male dusky warblers (Phylloscopus fuscatus) at different reproductive stages	2
Female preference counteracts negative frequency dependent selection for a stable polymorphism in a livebearing fish	2
The role of line-of-sight in operant experiments using food reinforcers in guinea pigs	2
Kea (Nestor notabilis) and the ephemeral reward task: Success and hurdles explored	2
Bonding against the odds: Male prairie vole response to the “widow effect” among females	2
Ambient light spectrum affects larval Mexican jumping bean moth (Cydia saltitans) behavior despite light obstruction from host seed	2
Rats can spontaneously discriminate different rhythms: An investigation using an automated habituation-dishabituation paradigm	2
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Measuring locomotor strategies of freely moving previsual rat pups	2
Same-sex love triangles in female monkeys: Intra-sexual mate competition between female Japanese macaques for female sexual partners	2
Qualitative variations in delay discounting: A brief review and future directions	2
The effect of adulteration with a bitter tastant, denatonium benzoate, on the reinforcing value of sucrose	2
Age and sex differences in behavioural responses of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) towards snakes	2
Social attributes shape antipredator behavior strategies in the ruddy ground-dove	2
The front legs of Sepsis flies (Diptera: Sepsidae) are stimulation devices	2
Behavioural reactivity testing in sheep indicates the presence of multiple temperament traits	2
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Consistency of cognitive performance in spatial navigation and its link to activity and boldness in laboratory rats	2
Developmental light colour influences adult phototaxis and locomotion in Drosophila melanogaster	2
Behavioral evidence that repetitive responses in a free-movement pattern Y-maze are associated with ageing-related deficit in working memory	2
Punishment-induced resurgence	2
A psychological model of the cognitive processes regulating exploratory behavior in animals	2
Evaluation of the capability of oil specific discrimination in detection dogs	2
Time buffers teasing and lessens tobacco use: The moderating role of time perspective on bullying victimization and tobacco use in adolescents	2
COVID-19-related financial scarcity is associated with greater delay discounting but not probability discounting	1
Hunting in a complex neighborhood: juvenile octopuses’ interactions with territorial and follower fishes	1
Stress response to social isolation followed by exposure to a novel object in aged ewes born to undernourished mothers	1
Prospective control by reinforcers in human choice: Misallocation and bias, but not time orientation, influences reinforcer control	1
Automatic classification of dog barking using deep learning	1
Differences in physiology and behavior between male winner and loser mice in the tube test	1
Play contagion in African elephants: The closest, the better	1
The effect of prediction error on overt attention and learning in humans	1
Does a high social status confer greater levels of trust from groupmates? An experimental study of leadership in domestic horses	1
Reduction in locomotor activity and freezing time: A dual measure for more accurate fear response in rats	1
A field test of the “graveyard hypothesis” reveals avoidance of chemical but not visual cues in Bahamian queen conch (Aliger gigas)	1
An overview of the currency and usefulness of behavioral tests used from past to present to assess anxiety, social behavior and depression in rats and mice	1