Forest Ecology and Management

Article	Citations
Tamm Review: Influence of forest management activities on soil organic carbon stocks: A knowledge synthesis	325
Devastating outbreak of bark beetles in the Czech Republic: Drivers, impacts, and management implications	134
Responses to drought stress in Prunus sargentii and Larix kaempferi seedlings using morphological and physiological parameters	110
The greater resilience of mixed forests to drought mainly depends on their composition: Analysis along a climate gradient across Europe	106
Individual tree detection and species classification of Amazonian palms using UAV images and deep learning	99
Decomposition and transformations along the continuum from litter to soil organic matter in forest soils	96
Terrain gradient variations in ecosystem services of different vegetation types in mountainous regions: Vegetation resource conservation and sustainable development	92
The impact of fire on soil-dwelling biota: A review	90
Forest fire susceptibility mapping via multi-criteria decision analysis techniques for Mugla, Turkey: A comparative analysis of VIKOR and TOPSIS	79
What is the potential for replacing monocultures with mixed-species stands to enhance ecosystem services in boreal forests in Fennoscandia?	76
Application of conventional UAV-based high-throughput object detection to the early diagnosis of pine wilt disease by deep learning	74
Early detection of pine wilt disease using deep learning algorithms and UAV-based multispectral imagery	74
Mechanisms of forest resilience	69
Species mixing reduces drought susceptibility of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) – Site water supply and fertility modify the mixing effect	67
Tamm review: Leaf Area Index (LAI) is both a determinant and a consequence of important processes in vegetation canopies	64
Invasive grasses: A new perfect storm for forested ecosystems?	64
Tamm Review: Deep fine roots in forest ecosystems: Why dig deeper?	61
Economic valuation of ecosystem services from secondary tropical forests: trade-offs and implications for policy making	60
Impacts of climate change scenarios on European ash tree (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in Turkey	58
Afforestation promotes the enhancement of forest LAI and NPP in China	58
Soil organic matter, nitrogen and pH driven change in bacterial community following forest conversion	57
Remote sensing of temperate and boreal forest phenology: A review of progress, challenges and opportunities in the intercomparison of in-situ and satellite phenological metrics	55
Tamm review: Does salvage logging mitigate subsequent forest disturbances?	50
The impact of tree canopy structure on understory variation in a boreal forest	48
Tamm review: The effects of prescribed fire on wildfire regimes and impacts: A framework for comparison	48

Ecological restoration projects did not increase the value of all ecosystem services in Northeast China	48
Operational resilience in western US frequent-fire forests	48
Open forest ecosystems: An excluded state	45
Satellite evidence for China's leading role in restoring vegetation productivity over global karst ecosystems	44
Bees in the trees: Diverse spring fauna in temperate forest edge canopies	43
Variation in whole-rotation yield among Eucalyptus genotypes in response to water and heat stresses: The TECHS project	43
Forest thinning increases soil carbon stocks in China	43
Change in forest condition: Characterizing non-stand replacing disturbances using time series satellite imagery	43
Mass fire behavior created by extensive tree mortality and high tree density not predicted by operational fire behavior models in the southern Sierra Nevada	41
Fire from policy, human interventions, or biophysical factors? Temporal–spatial patterns of forest fire in southwestern China	41
Vehicle-induced compaction of forest soil affects plant morphological and physiological attributes: A meta-analysis	41
Functional traits indicate a continuum of tree drought strategies across a soil water availability gradient in a tropical dry forest	41
Litter manipulation effects on microbial communities and enzymatic activities vary with soil depth in a subtropical Chinese fir plantation	40
Variable thinning and prescribed fire influence tree mortality and growth during and after a severe drought	40
Climate and large-sized trees, but not diversity, drive above-ground biomass in subtropical forests	40
Mixing with broad-leaved trees shapes the rhizosphere soil fungal communities of coniferous tree species in subtropical forests	40
Biological control of emerging forest diseases: How can we move from dreams to reality?	40
Variation in canopy structure, leaf area, light interception and light use efficiency among Eucalyptus clones	39
California spotted owl habitat selection in a fire-managed landscape suggests conservation benefit of restoring historical fire regimes	39
A comparison of five methods to assess embolism resistance in trees	39
The importance of Indigenous cultural burning in forested regions of the Pacific West, USA	39
Streams and riparian forests depend on each other: A review with a special focus on microbes	38
Forest quality-based assessment of the Returning Farmland to Forest Program at the community level in SW China	38
Forests of the future: Climate change impacts and implications for carbon storage in the Pacific Northwest, USA	38
Coupling terrestrial laser scanning with 3D fuel biomass sampling for advancing wildland fuels characterization	37
Impacts and uncertainties of climate change projections on Eucalyptus plantations productivity across Brazil	37
Tree species effects on topsoil carbon stock and concentration are mediated by tree species type, mycorrhizal association, and N-fixing ability at the global scale	37
The course of tree growth. Theory and reality	37
Predicting potential mangrove distributions at the global northern distribution margin using an ecological niche model: Determining conservation and reforestation involvement	37
Cumulative effects of multiple biodiversity attributes and abiotic factors on ecosystem multifunctionality in the Jinsha River valley of southwestern China	37
Effects of forest harvesting and biomass removal on soil carbon and nitrogen: Two complementary meta-analyses	36
Resprouting drives successional pathways and the resilience of Caatinga dry forest in human-modified landscapes	36
High-severity wildfire reduces richness and alters composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi in low-severity adapted ponderosa pine forests	36
Influence of climatic variations on production, biomass and density of wood in eucalyptus clones of different species	36
Mixed vs. monospecific mountain forests in response to climate change: structural and growth perspectives of Norway spruce and European beech	36
Tamm Review: Postfire landscape management in frequent-fire conifer forests of the southwestern United States	36
Soil available phosphorus and moisture drive nutrient resorption patterns in plantations on the Loess Plateau	35
Dual inoculations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria boost drought resistance and essential oil yield of common myrtle	35
Nitrous oxide emissions of undrained, forestry-drained, and rewetted boreal peatlands	35
Structural variation of forest edges across Europe	35
Growing stock monitoring by European National Forest Inventories: Historical origins, current methods and harmonisation	34
Relations of land cover, topography, and climate to fire occurrence in natural regions of Iran: Applying new data mining techniques for modeling and mapping fire danger	34
How C:N:P stoichiometry in soils and plants responds to succession in Robinia pseudoacacia forests on the Loess Plateau, China	34
A keystone species, European aspen (Populus tremula L.), in boreal forests: Ecological role, knowledge needs and mapping using remote sensing	34
A random forest model for basal area increment predictions from national forest inventory data	34
Challenges and opportunities for large-scale reforestation in the Eastern Amazon using native species	34
Patterns and drivers of deadwood volume and composition in different forest types of the Austrian natural forest reserves	34
Tree, stand, and landscape factors contributing to hurricane damage in a coastal plain forest: Post-hurricane assessment in a longleaf pine landscape	34
Biochar application increased ecosystem carbon sequestration capacity in a Moso bamboo forest	34
Thinning drives C:N:P stoichiometry and nutrient resorption in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations in North China	34

Stand structure determines aboveground biomass across temperate forest types and species mixture along a local-scale elevational gradient	33
Natural disturbances risks in European Boreal and Temperate forests and their links to climate change – A review of modelling approaches	33
Influence of stand density on growth and water use efficiency in Eucalyptus clones	33
Reducing rotation age to address increasing disturbances in Central Europe: Potential and limitations	33
Assessing the effects of thinning on stem growth allocation of individual Scots pine trees	33
Irrigation management in poplar (Populus spp.) plantations: A review	33
Effects of different vegetation restoration on soil nutrients, enzyme activities, and microbial communities in degraded karst landscapes in southwest China	33
Bark stripping, the crucial factor affecting stem rot development and timber production of Norway spruce forests in Central Europe	32
A generalized nonlinear mixed-effects height–diameter model for Norway spruce in mixed-uneven aged stands	32
Deer browsing and shrub competition set sapling recruitment height and interact with light to shape recruitment niches for temperate forest tree species	32
A history of recurrent, low-severity fire without fire exclusion in southeastern pine savannas, USA	32
The negative effect of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) monoculture plantations on soil physicochemical properties, microbial biomass, fungal communities, and enzymatic activities	31
Modeling fuel loads dynamics and fire spread probability in the Brazilian Cerrado	31
Continuous-cover forestry maintains soil fungal communities in Norway spruce dominated boreal forests	31
Competition and facilitation co-regulate the spatial patterns of boreal tree species in Kanas of Xinjiang, northwest China	31
Previous wildfires and management treatments moderate subsequent fire severity	31
The effects of nitrogen addition on soil organic carbon decomposition and microbial C-degradation functional genes abundance in a Pinus tabulaeformis forest	31
Application of high-throughput plant phenotyping for assessing biophysical traits and drought response in two oak species under controlled environment	31
How do monocultures of fourteen forest tree species affect arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi abundance and species richness and composition in soil?	31
Phosphite spray for the control of oak decline induced by Phytophthora in Europe	30
The impact of land-use legacies and recent management on natural disturbance susceptibility in mountain forests	30
Effects of intensive management practices on rhizosphere soil properties, root growth, and nutrient uptake in Moso bamboo plantations in subtropical China	30
Whole-plant water hydraulic integrity to predict drought-induced Eucalyptus urophylla mortality under drought stress	30
Invasive red oak (Quercus rubra L.) modifies soil physicochemical properties and forest understory vegetation	29
A global synthesis on the effects of thinning on hydrological processes: Implications for forest management	29
How drought stress becomes visible upon detecting tree shape using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS)	29
Understory vegetation dynamics of Chinese fir plantations and natural secondary forests in subtropical China	29
Rapid and surprising dieback of Utah juniper in the southwestern USA due to acute drought stress	29
Temporal changes in Mediterranean forest ecosystem services are driven by stand development, rather than by climate-related disturbances	29
A multi-point aggregation trend of the outbreak of pine wilt disease in China over the past 20 years	29
Airborne lidar provides reliable estimates of canopy base height and canopy bulk density in southwestern ponderosa pine forests	28
Tamm Review: Ecological principles to guide post-fire forest landscape management in the Inland Pacific and Northern Rocky Mountain regions	28
Increase of soil nitrogen availability and recycling with stand age of Chinese-fir plantations	28
The influence of birch trees (Betula spp.) on soil environment – A review	28
Comparison of field survey and remote sensing techniques for detection of bark beetle-infested trees	28
Characterizing recent bark beetle-caused tree mortality in the western United States from aerial surveys	28
Basal area increment models accounting for climate and mixture for Austrian tree species	28
Bark beetle infestation spots as biodiversity hotspots: Canopy gaps resulting from insect outbreaks enhance the species richness, diversity and abundance of birds breeding in coniferous forests	28
Ecosystem-level carbon stocks and sequestration rates in mangroves in the Cananéia-Iguape lagoon estuarine system, southeastern Brazil	28
Influence of nitrogen addition on the functional diversity and biomass of fine roots in warm-temperate and subtropical forests	28
Glyphosate remains in forest plant tissues for a decade or more	28
Effects of nitrogen addition on rhizospheric soil microbial communities of poplar plantations at different ages	28
Effects of diversity, climate and litter on soil organic carbon storage in subtropical forests	27
Plantation forests cannot support the richness of forest specialist plants in the forest-steppe zone	27
Climate change effects on wildfire hazards in the wildland-urban-interface – Blue pine forests of Bhutan	27
A comparative assessment of the vertical distribution of forest components using full-waveform airborne, discrete airborne and discrete terrestrial laser scanning data	27
Management strategies, silvopastoral practices and socioecological drivers in traditional livestock systems in tropical dry forests: An integrated analysis	27
Soil quality and mesofauna diversity relationship are modulated by woody species and seasonality in semiarid oak forest	27
Selecting for water use efficiency, wood chemical traits and biomass with genomic selection in a Eucalyptus breeding program	27
Few large trees, rather than plant diversity and composition, drive the above-ground biomass stock and dynamics of temperate forests in northeast China	27
Sensitivity to water stress drives differential decline and mortality dynamics of three co-occurring conifers with different drought tolerance	27
Climate response and drought resilience of Nothofagus obliqua secondary forests across a latitudinal gradient in south-central Chile	27
Estimate canopy transpiration in larch plantations via the interactions among reference evapotranspiration, leaf area index, and soil moisture	27
Topographic position amplifies consequences of short-interval stand-replacing fires on postfire tree establishment in subalpine conifer forests	27
Temporal effects of thinning on soil organic carbon pools, basal respiration and enzyme activities in a Mediterranean Holm oak forest	27
Differential effects of drought on nonstructural carbohydrate storage in seedlings and mature trees of four species in a subtropical forest	27
Total soil organic carbon increases but becomes more labile after afforestation in China’s Loess Plateau	26
Impacts of tree mixtures on understory plant diversity in China	26
Soil organic carbon fractions, C-cycling associated hydrolytic enzymes, and microbial carbon metabolism vary with stand age in Cunninghamia lanceolate (Lamb.) Hook plantations	26
Above-ground carbon stocks and timber value of old timber plantations, secondary and primary forests in southern Ghana	26
Transition from N to P limited soil nutrients over time since restoration in degraded subtropical broadleaved mixed forests	26
Moso bamboo invasion has contrasting effects on soil bacterial and fungal abundances, co-occurrence networks and their associations with enzyme activities in three broadleaved forests across subtropic	26
Sustainability of Canada’s forestry sector may be compromised by impending climate change	26
Effects of intensive biomass harvesting on forest soils in the Nordic countries and the UK: A meta-analysis	26
Non-native Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in Central Europe: Ecology, performance and nature conservation	26
Response of root nutrient resorption strategies to rhizosphere soil microbial nutrient utilization along Robinia pseudoacacia plantation chronosequence	26
Change in root-associated fungal communities affects soil enzymatic activities during Pinus massoniana forest development in subtropical China	26
Stand structure, biomass and dynamics of naturally regenerated and restored mangroves in Malaysia	25
Fire risk and severity decline with stand development in Tasmanian giant Eucalyptus forest	25
Effects of experimental prescribed fire and tree thinning on oak savanna understory plant communities and ecosystem structure	25
Greater risk of hydraulic failure due to increased drought threatens pine plantations in Horqin Sandy Land of northern China	25
Developing a point process model for ecological risk assessment of pine wilt disease at multiple scales	25
Effects of thinning on soil saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi in a Korean larch plantation	25
Differences in phenolics produced by invasive Quercus rubra and native plant communities induced changes in soil microbial properties and enzymatic activity	25
European beech leads to more bioactive humus forms but stronger mineral soil acidification as Norway spruce and Scots pine – Results of a repeated site assessment after 63 and 82 years of forest conve	25
Contributions of National Key Forestry Ecology Projects to the forest vegetation carbon storage in China	25
How forest structure varies with elevation in old growth and secondary forest in Costa Rica	25
Tree species mixture effects on stem growth vary with stand density – An analysis based on individual tree responses	24
Using terrestrial laser scanning for characterizing tree structural parameters and their changes under different management in a Mediterranean open woodland	24
Mixing effects on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) productivity along a climatic gradient across Europe	24

Beyond trees: Mapping total aboveground biomass density in the Brazilian savanna using high-density UAV-lidar data	24
The effect of ecological restoration methods on carbon stocks in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest	24
Regulation of soil phosphorus availability and composition during forest succession in subtropics	24
Recovery of aboveground biomass, species richness and composition in tropical secondary forests in SW Costa Rica	24
Chemical fertility of forest ecosystems. Part 1: Common soil chemical analyses were poor predictors of stand productivity across a wide range of acidic forest soils	24
Severe depletion of available deep soil water induced by revegetation on the arid and semiarid Loess Plateau	24
Persistent changes in the horizontal and vertical canopy structure of fire-tolerant forests after severe fire as quantified using multi-temporal airborne lidar data	24
Stocking effects on seasonal tree transpiration and ecosystem water balance in a fast-growing Eucalyptus plantation in Brazil	24
Managing existing forests can mitigate climate change	24
Variation in resin flow among Maritime pine populations: Relationship with growth potential and climatic responses	24
A simple-to-use management approach to boost adaptive capacity of forests to global uncertainty	24
Detecting the effects of logging and wildfire on forest fuel structure using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS)	24
Determinants of aboveground biomass in forests across three climatic zones in China	24
Tree diversity, distribution and regeneration in major forest types along an extensive elevational gradient in Indian Himalaya: Implications for sustainable forest management	24
Variability in climate-growth reaction of Robinia pseudoacacia in Eastern Europe indicates potential for acclimatisation to future climate	23
Northernmost European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus outbreak: Modelling tree mortality using remote sensing and climate data	23
Ecosystem services supply and interactions along secondary tropical dry forests succession	23
Effects of stand density on soil microbial community composition and enzyme activities in subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolate (Lamb.) Hook plantations	23
Patterns and drivers of deadwood quantity and variation in mid-latitude deciduous forests	23
How future-proof is Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) in a global change context?	23
Different sexual impacts of dioecious Populus euphratica on microbial communities and nitrogen cycle processes in natural forests	23
Cultural values and forest dynamics: The Italian forests in the last 150 years	23
Three decades of post-logging tree community recovery in naturally regenerating and actively restored dipterocarp forest in Borneo	23
Impacts of mountain pine beetle outbreaks on lodgepole pine forests in the Intermountain West, U.S., 2004–2019	23
Risk assessment of forest disturbance by typhoons with heavy precipitation in northern Japan	23
Interactions between climate and soil shape tree community assembly and above-ground woody biomass of tropical dry forests	23
Density-related effect of red deer browsing on palatable and unpalatable tree species and forest regeneration dynamics	23
Does individual-tree biomass growth increase continuously with tree size?	22
Sustainability of Brazilian forest concessions	22
Susceptibility of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) to gene silencing through RNAi provides potential as a novel management tool	22
Soil C:N:P stoichiometry of typical coniferous (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and/or evergreen broadleaved (Phoebe bournei) plantations in south China	22
Variation in height-diameter allometry of ponderosa pine along competition, climate, and species diversity gradients in the western United States	22
Factors controlling soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks following afforestation with Robinia pseudoacacia on cropland across China	22
Height growth rate of Scots pine in Central Europe increased by 29% between 1900 and 2000 due to changes in site productivity	22
The effects of forest management on water quality	22
Trends in active restoration of tropical dry forest: Methods, metrics, and outcomes	22
Chemical fertility of forest ecosystems. Part 2: Towards redefining the concept by untangling the role of the different components of biogeochemical cycling	22
Stand age related differences in forest microclimate	22
Forest clear-cuts as habitat for farmland birds and butterflies	22
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), the suitable pioneer species for afforestation of reclamation sites?	22
Chilling accumulation and photoperiod regulate rest break and bud burst in five subtropical tree species	22
Soil ecoenzymatic stoichiometry and microbial resource limitation driven by thinning practices and season types in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations in North China	22
Elevation-dependent growth trends of forests as affected by climate warming in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau	22
Shifting tree species composition affects biodiversity of multiple taxa in Central European forests	22
Mechanical thinning without prescribed fire moderates wildfire behavior in an Eastern Oregon, USA ponderosa pine forest	22
Quantifying regional trends in large live tree and snag availability in support of forest management	22
Changes in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen as affected by primary forest conversion	22
Effects of landscape composition and site land-use intensity on secondary succession in a tropical dry forest	21
Species diversity and stand structural diversity of woody plants predominantly determine aboveground carbon stock of a dry Afromontane forest in Northern Ethiopia	21
Relative contributions of competition, stand structure, age, and climate factors to tree mortality of Chinese fir plantations: Long-term spacing trials in southern China	21
Tree growth responses to extreme drought after mechanical thinning and prescribed fire in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest, USA	21
Optimizing neighborhood-based stand spatial structure: Four cases of boreal forests	21
Perspectives: Key factors determining the presence of Tree-related Microhabitats: A synthesis of potential factors at site, stand and tree scales, with perspectives for further research	21
An ecological approach to climate change-informed tree species selection for reforestation	21
Regeneration capacities of woody species biodiversity and soil properties in Miombo woodland after slash-and-burn agriculture in Mozambique	21
Trees grow modulated by the ecological memory of their past growth. Consequences for monitoring, modelling, and silvicultural treatment	21
Drought mitigation by thinning: Benefits from the stem to the stand along 15 years of experimental rainfall exclusion in a holm oak coppice	21
Natural dynamics of temperate mountain beech-dominated primary forests in Central Europe	21
Spatial distribution of tree species in mountain national parks depends on geomorphology and climate	21
Landscape composition is more important than local vegetation structure for understory birds in cocoa agroforestry systems	21
Temperature and precipitation significantly influence the interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and diazotrophs in karst ecosystems	21
Understanding genetic diversity of relict forests. Linking long-term isolation legacies and current habitat fragmentation in Abies pinsapo Boiss	21
The frequency and severity of past droughts shape the drought sensitivity of juniper trees on the Tibetan plateau	21
Elevated temperature and CO2 interactively modulate sexual competition and ecophysiological responses of dioecious Populus cathayana	21
Now or later? Optimal timing of mangrove rehabilitation under climate change uncertainty	20
Lidar biomass index: A novel solution for tree-level biomass estimation using 3D crown information	20
Aboveground conservation acts in synergy with belowground uptake to alleviate phosphorus deficiency caused by nitrogen addition in a larch plantation	20
Decline in nutrient inputs from litterfall following forest plantation in subtropical China	20
Ecological restoration guided by historical reference conditions can increase resilience to climate change of southwestern U.S. Ponderosa pine forests	20
Tree plantations replacing natural grasslands in high biodiversity areas: How do they affect the mammal assemblage?	20
Current and future carbon stocks of natural forests in China	20
Biochar amendment increases tree growth in nutrient-poor, young Scots pine stands in Finland	20
Bark attributes determine variation in fire resistance in resprouting tree species	20
Canopy tree density and species influence tree regeneration patterns and woody species diversity in a longleaf pine forest	20
Fire, flood and monodominance of Tabebuia aurea in Pantanal	20
Small gradients in salinity have large effects on stand water use in freshwater wetland forests	20
Prescribed fire and natural canopy gap disturbances: Impacts on upland oak regeneration	20
Multisite evaluation of the 3-PG model for the highest phenotypic plasticity Eucalyptus clone in Brazil	20
Perspectives: Thirty years of triad forestry, a critical clarification of theory and recommendations for implementation and testing	20
Mapping the stock and spatial distribution of aboveground woody biomass in the native vegetation of the Brazilian Cerrado biome	20
Disturbance-based silviculture for habitat diversification: Effects on forest structure, dynamics, and carbon storage	20
Fire and land cover drive predator abundances in a pyric landscape	20
Tree breeding and silviculture: Douglas-fir volume gains with minimal wood quality loss under variable planting densities	20
Projecting species loss and turnover under climate change for 111 Chinese tree species	20
Why some trees are more vulnerable during catastrophic cyclone events in the Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh?	20
Tree species identity drives soil organic carbon storage more than species mixing in major two-species mixtures (pine, oak, beech) in Europe	20
Habitat disturbance can alter forest understory bird activity patterns: A regional-scale assessment with camera-traps	20
Degradation of the Brazilian Cerrado: Interactions with human disturbance and environmental variables	19
Developing a site index model for P. Pinaster stands in NW Spain by combining bi-temporal ALS data and environmental data	19
Quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess tree vigor and stand health in dry pine forests	19
Identification of drought-tolerant tree species through climate sensitivity analysis of radial growth in Central European mixed broadleaf forests	19
Drastic impoverishment of the soil seed bank in a tropical dry forest exposed to slash-and-burn agriculture	19
Contrasting successional responses of soil bacteria and fungi to post-logging burn severity	19
Regulation of stand density alters forest structure and soil moisture during afforestation with Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. On the Loess Plateau	19
Vulnerability of small forest patches to fire in the Paraiba do Sul River Valley, southeast Brazil: Implications for restoration of the Atlantic Forest biome	19