Experimental Gerontology

Article	Citations
Editorial Board	206
Long-term administration of soft drink causes memory impairment and oxidative damage in adult and middle-aged rats	153
Corrigendum to “Segmental extracellular-to-intracellular water resistance ratio and physical function in older adults” [Exp. Gerontol. 181 (2023) 112278]	127
Comparison of metabolic risk factors, physical performances, and prevalence of low back pain among categories determined by visceral adipose tissue and trunk skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged men	115
The association between cardiovascular risk factors and major cardiovascular diseases decreases with increasing frailty levels in geriatric outpatients	95
Impact of repetitive home-based galvanic vestibular stimulation on cognitive skills in healthy older adults	88
Editorial Board	80
Frequency and factors associated with sarcopenia prediction in adult and elderly patients hospitalized for COVID-19	74
Correlation between blood pressure and mortality in older critically ill patients: Insights from a large intensive care unit database	73
Overexpression of solute carrier family 6 member 12 promotes cell injury in Parkinson's disease via MAPK signaling pathway	72
Oral frailty as a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults: Kashiwa study	65
Inflammatory biomarkers of frailty: A review	64
The effect of tamoxifen on the lipid profile in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials	59
Activation of α7nAChR by PNU282987 improves cognitive impairment through inhibiting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in D-galactose induced aging via regulating α7nAChR/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathw	54
Oral administration of liposome-encapsulated thymol could alleviate the inflammatory parameters in serum and hippocampus in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease	49
Anti-fibrosis effect and its mechanism of atractylenolide III on post-traumatic extending knee joint contracture in rats	47
Age-related structural changes show that loss of fibers is not a significant contributor to muscle atrophy in old mice	46
Immunophenotypic characterization of B1a lymphocytes in Cuban older adults	46
Comparative efficacy of exercise interventions for cognitive health in older adults: A network meta-analysis	45
High-intensity interval training reduces the induction of neutrophil extracellular traps in older men using live-neutrophil imaging as biosensor	45
Receiving financial support and its association with late-age depression: The mediating role of social engagement	45
Effects of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older men with dysglycemia and dyslipidemia: A 12-week intervention study	44
A pilot investigation of reliability and validity of balance and gait assessments using telehealth with healthy older adults	44
Cognitive impairment: The missing link between sarcopenic obesity and functional decline	44
Enhancing fracture risk indication: The impact of bone load index and muscle fat infiltration on vertebral compression fracture	43

Segmental extracellular-to-intracellular water resistance ratio and physical function in older adults	42
The biological roots of the sex-frailty paradox	41
Aerobic exercise attenuates abnormal myelination and oligodendrocyte differentiation in 3xTg-AD mice	41
Effects of an inulin fiber diet on the gut microbiome, colon, and inflammatory biomarkers in aged mice	41
Gait speed reference values in community-dwelling older adults – Cross-sectional analysis from the Rotterdam Study	40
Sleep problems and mild cognitive impairment among adults aged ≥50 years from low- and middle-income countries	40
Editorial Board	39
Editorial Board	39
The inflammatory profiling in a cohort of older patients suffering from cognitive decline and dementia	39
QKL injection ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-like pathology by regulating expression of RAGE	38
Parental age at death is associated with age at first birth in offspring	38
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for frailty in older nappers	37
Associations between the timing of eating and weight-loss in calorically restricted healthy adults: Findings from the CALERIE study	37
The promise of amplification assays for accurate early detection of α-synucleinopathies: A review	37
Aging & COVID-19 susceptibility, disease severity, and clinical outcomes: The role of entangled risk factors	36
Recruitment evaluation of a gerotherapeutic randomized controlled trial testing alpha-ketoglutarate in biologically older, middle-aged adults (ABLE)	36
Age-specific in the relationship between diastolic blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A cohort study of the UK Biobank	36
Development and evaluation studies of Corylin loaded nanostructured lipid carriers gel for topical treatment of UV-induced skin aging	36
Study on correlation between perioperative cognitive function and nutritional status in elderly patients with gastric cancer	36
Forecasting prevalence and mortality of Alzheimer's disease using the partitioning models	35
Identifying and validating the key regulatory transcription factor YY1 in the aging process of pancreatic beta cells based on bioinformatics	35
Relationship between serum uric acid and sarcopenia in geriatric heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction	35
A chronic low dose of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (3 mg / kg / 21 d) reorganizes the disturbed wound healing process and accelerates wound closure in old female mice	34
Exosomes: A promising therapeutic strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration	34
Linear and non-linear analyses of autonomic modulation in uncontrolled and controlled elderly resistant hypertensives	33
Drosophila melanogaster flies better know than us the nutrients they need: Let them choose	33
Voluntarily wheel running inhibits the growth of CRPC xenograft by inhibiting HMGB1 in mice	33
Metformin use and brain atrophy in nondemented elderly individuals with diabetes	32
A VO2peak prediction model in older adults' patients with Parkinson's disease	32
Alzheimer's disease genes and proteins associated with resistance and aerobic training: An in silico analysis	32
Determinants of instrumented sedentary and physical activity behavior in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients: RESORT	31
The relationship between nutrition and depression in the life process: A mini-review	31
Effects of home-based specific and comprehensive balance-training programs on balance and functional status in healthy older adults	31
Mediterranean diet and mitochondria: New findings	31
Editorial Board	30
Differences in power and performance during sit-to-stand test and its relationships to functional measures in older adults with and without Parkinson's disease	29
Brainstem auditory evoked potential in cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus	29
The effects of raloxifene on endothelial function and Inflammation in Postmenopausal women: A Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials	29
The role of oxidative stress in the association between metabolic score for insulin resistance and stroke: evidence from two large population-based studies	27
Gut microbiome, and immune cells mediated effect on depression: A two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis	27
Network-based analysis identifies key regulatory transcription factors involved in skin aging	27
Influence of human gut microbiome on the healthy and the neurodegenerative aging	27
Validity of the Korean triage and acuity scale in older patients compared to the adult group	27
PGC-1α participates in regulating mitochondrial function in aged sarcopenia through effects on the Sestrin2-mediated mTORC1 pathway	26
Metformin delays the decline in thermogenic function of brown adipose tissue in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome	26
Machine learning insights on activities of daily living disorders in Chinese older adults	26
Exploring age-related iron dysregulation: effects on longevity, body size, and behavior in C. elegans	26
Multimodal and conventional resistance training interventions improve muscle function in older adults: Findings from the Training IMCT study	26
MicroRNA-511-3p regulates Aβ1–40 induced decreased cell viability and serves as a candidate biomarker in Alzheimer's disease	26
Longitudinal association between cardiometabolic comorbidities and physical activity in middle aged and older adults living with HIV	26

Milk kefir therapy improves the skeletal response to resistance exercise in rats submitted to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis	26
Integration of small needle knife in treating inflammatory factors, Th17 cell function, and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation in osteoporosis complicated by compression fractures in elderly patien	25
Association of body roundness index, serum α-Klotho and osteoarthritis: A nationwide population-based study of middle-aged and older adults	24
Effects of functional and combined training on subsets of memory T cells and functional fitness of postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial	24
Chronic inflammation and cognitive frailty in older adults: A narrative review	24
Effects of metformin on serum miRNA expression and target gene regulation in prediabetic patients	24
Polypharmacy, physical activity, and sedentary time in older adults: A scoping review	24
Poor sleep quality is associated with probable sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: Results from the longevity check-up (lookup) 8+	24
Effects of unstable resistance training combined with high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on proprioception, balance and fall risks in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial st	23
Effects of free versus restricted arm movements on postural control in normal and modified sensory conditions in young and older adults	23
The effect-modification of physical activity on the association of pain with impaired physical function in aging adults	23
Exercise training alters resting brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration in older adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials	23
Bioinformatics identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke and vascular dementia	23
The effects of PPARγ inhibitor on bones and bone marrow fat in aged glucocorticoid-treated female rats	22
Are assessment measures for components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health reproducible for use on pre-frail and frail older adults? A systematic review	22
Differences in mitochondrial function between brain and heart of senile rats exposed to acute hypobaric hypoxia. Role of nitric oxide	22
Association between sex steroid hormones and α-klotho: Results from the NHANES 2013-2016 and Mendelian randomization study	22
Circulating microRNAs related to lipid metabolism and solid tissue maintenance and morphology associate with mortality in elderly twins	22
Short-term exposure to a clinical dose of metformin increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial H2O2 emission and production in healthy, older adults: A randomized controlled trial	22
The influence of chronic knee pain and age on conditioned pain modulation and motor unit control	21
Association between METS-VF and sarcopenia among middle-aged and older adults in China: The first longitudinal evidence from CHARLS	21
Extra Virgin Olive Oil consumption from Mild Cognitive Impairment patients attenuates oxidative and nitrative stress reflecting on the reduction of the PARP levels and DNA damage	21
Active older dancers have lower C-terminal Agrin fragment concentration, better balance and gait performance than sedentary peers	20
Very old adults show impaired fatigue resistance compared to old adults independently of sex during a knee-extensors isometric test	20
Immunosenescence evaluation of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 957 healthy adults from 20 to 95 years old	20
SARC-F predicts poor motor function, quality of life, and prognosis in older patients with cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment	20
The characteristics of the body mass frequency index in dysmobility syndrome: A pilot study	20
Editorial Board	20
The relationship between muscle strength and epicardial fat in healthy adults	20
Mechanism associated with changes in male reproductive functions during ageing process	20
Age-associated changes in the gut microbiome impact efficacy of tumor immunomodulatory treatments	19
Increased knee-extension strength and steps per day after a novel post-hospitalization rehabilitative program in older adults (65+): Secondary analyses of a randomized controlled single-blinded trial	19
Effect of blood flow restriction combined with low-intensity training on the lower limbs muscle strength and function in older adults: A meta-analysis	19
Changes in AMPK activity induces cellular senescence in human dental follicle cells	19
Influence of sarcopenia on surgical efficacy and mortality of percutaneous kyphoplasty in the treatment of older adults with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture	19
Visuospatial cognition predicts performance on an obstructed vision obstacle walking task in older adults	19
Association of leukocyte telomere length with perceived physical fatigability	19
The influence of ageism on the hallmarks of aging: Where age stigma and biology collide	19
Does excess body weight accelerate immune aging?	19
Spermidine alleviates thymopoiesis defects and aging of the peripheral T-cell population in mice after radiation exposure	19
Brain health correlates of mobility-related confidence	19
Editorial Board	18
High-intensity interval training reduces blood pressure in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis	18
The visual control of locomotion when stepping onto moving surfaces: A comparison of younger and older adults	18
Circadian rhythms and objective measures of physical activity among middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan	18
Age-dependent down-regulation of orexin receptors in trigeminal nucleus caudalis correlated with attenuation of orexinergic analgesia in rats	18
Plasma levels of myokines and inflammatory markers are related with functional and respiratory performance in older adults with COPD and sarcopenia	18
The multi-tissue benefits of exercise on aging human physiology	18
Age- and sex-dependence of muscle quality: Influence of intramuscular non-contractile tissues	18
Mitophagy: At the heart of mitochondrial quality control in cardiac aging and frailty	18
Comparing the effects of different exercises on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis	18
Cross-sectional and prospective associations between homocysteine and a frailty index: A post-hoc analysis of the multidomain Alzheimer's prevention trial (MAPT)	18
The tissue factor expression on CD14++CD16-monocytes is a new markers in the Chinese Han older adult population with sepsis: A prospective study	17
Anthropometric indicators and cardiovascular diseases risk in pre-diabetic and diabetic adults: NHANES 1999–2018 cross-sectional analysis	17
Old age as a risk factor for liver diseases: Modern therapeutic approaches	17
No causal relationship between serum urate and neurodegenerative diseases: A Mendelian randomization study	17
Extended anesthesia exposure for abdominal and pelvic procedures in older adults with colorectal cancer: Associations with chart dementia diagnoses	17
Effect of developmental and adult diet composition on reproductive aging in Drosophila melanogaster	17
Retraction notice to “LRE-MMF: A novel multi-modal fusion algorithm for detecting neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease among the geriatric population” [Exp. Gerontol. 197 (2024) 112585]	17
Association between physical activity & sedentary time on frailty in adults with chronic kidney disease: Cross-sectional NHANES study	17
The association between low cognitive reserve and subjective memory complaints in functionally independent older women	17
The acute response of irisin to resistance and endurance exercise at both lower and higher intensities in healthy older adults	17
Genetic analysis of comorbidities between osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis	16
Lack of association between serum myonectin levels and sarcopenia in older Asian adults	16
The effect of casein hydrolysate intake on cerebral neural regulation during cognitive tasks in the elderly	16
Identification of two patterns of mitochondrial DNA-copy number variation in postcentral gyrus during aging, influenced by body mass index and type 2 diabetes	16
P16INK4a deletion alleviates contrast-induced acute kidney injury by ameliorating renal cell apoptosis and suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress	16
Exploring the impact of interleukins on sarcopenia development: A systematic review and meta-analysis	16
Erythrocyte Zn concentration and antioxidant response after supplementation with Zn in a postmenopausal population. A double-blind randomized trial	16
The association of sleep and cortical thickness in mild cognitive impairment	16
Single nucleotide polymorphism SULT2A1 rs4149448 and genetic risk score as biomarkers of frailty and progression of chronic kidney disease	16
Editorial Board	16
Epstein-Barr virus and the origin of frailty and fatigue: A two-sample multivariable bidirectional Mendelian randomization study	16
Dietary inflammatory index and its associations with cardiovascular diseases and cancer: Evidence form NHANES 2017–2018 and Mendelian randomization analysis	16
Editorial Board	15
Kaempferol: Paving the path for advanced treatments in aging-related diseases	15
Effects of a prolonged diet regimen on autophagic function in rat islets with aging	15
Coenzyme Q10 ameliorates aging-induced memory deficits via modulation of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitophagy in aged rats	15
Protective effects of GLHP from Gracilaria lemaneiformis against UVB-induced photodamage in human immortalized keratinocytes cells and BALB/c mice	15
Mediterranean diet and structural neuroimaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's and cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review	15

Corrigendum: “Tectoridin inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone loss in a murine model of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis” [Exp. Gerontol. 140: 2020; 111057. DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111057]	15
Association of back pain with major depressive disorder among older adults in six low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study	15
Gender-specific association of SLC19A1 and MTHFR genetic polymorphism with oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma folate levels in older adults	15
Inflammaging: The ground for sarcopenia?	15
Inflammation and sarcopenia: A focus on circulating inflammatory cytokines	15
Editorial Board	15
Thigh muscles are more susceptible to age-related muscle loss when compared to lower leg and pelvic muscles	15
Age related gut microbiota regulates energy-related metabolism to influence natural aging phenotypes in the heart	15
Cognitive–exercise dual-task intervention ameliorates cognitive decline in natural aging rats through reducing oxidative stress and enhancing synaptic plasticity	14
Associations of non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness with mortality risk in individuals with diabetic kidney diseases: Analysis of 1999–2018 NHANES data	14
VPS33B-dependent exosomes modulate cellular senescence of mesenchymal stem cells via an autocrine signaling pathway	14
Equating conversion norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment in healthy subjects and patients with neurodegenerative disorders	14
The role of chondrocyte senescence in osteoarthritis pathogenesis and therapeutic implications	14
Strength versus endurance trained master athletes: Contrasting neurophysiological adaptations	14
Differences in acute neuromuscular response after single session of resistance exercise between young and older adults	14
Mediating role of thyroid dysfunction in the relationship between insomnia and osteoporosis: A Mendelian randomization analysis	14
Cellular senescence and glaucoma	14
Editorial Board	14
Peripheral double negative T: A look at senescent Cubans	14
Osteocalcin inhibits myocyte aging through promotion of starvation-induced autophagy via IL-6/STAT3 signaling	14
Changes in primitive reflexes in older adults and their relationship to mental health indices: An experimental investigation	14
Parkinson's disease and microRNAs - Lessons from model organisms and human studies	14
Decadal analysis of efficacy and safety profiles of mesenchymal stem cells from varied sources in knee osteoarthritis patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis	14
Exogenous oxidative stressors elicit differing age and sex effects in Tigriopus californicus	14
DPP4 inhibitors as a potential therapeutic option for sarcopenia: A 6-month follow-up study in diabetic older patients	14
Corrigendum to “Associations of daily steps and step intensity with peripheral arterial disease in Chinese community-dwelling older women” [Exp. Gerontol. 201 (2025) 112706]	14
Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcome measures of PCR-positive and PCR-negative patients diagnosed as COVID-19: Analyses focusing on the older adults	14
Editorial Board	14
Maresin1 ameliorates postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats by potentially regulating the NF-κB pathway to inhibit astrocyte activation	14
Interaction of Klotho and sirtuins	13
CHRNA1 induces sarcopenia through neuromuscular synaptic elimination	13
Experimental models for elderly patients with membranous nephropathy: Application and advancements	13
A prospective cohort study on the association between new falls and balancing ability among older adults over 80 years who are independent	13
Plasma volume variations in response to high intensity interval training in obese women: The influential role of menopausal status and age	13
Lower extremity performance predicts length of hospital stay in older candidates to elective cardiac surgery	13
Older rats show slow modulation of hippocampal theta rhythm during voluntary running	13
A bibliometric analysis of inflammation in sarcopenia from 2007 to 2022	13
Smaller grey matter volume in the central olfactory system in mild cognitive impairment	13
S1P lyase inhibition prevents lung injury following high pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation in aging mice	13
Analysis of the effectiveness of a computerized cognitive stimulation program designed from Occupational Therapy according to the level of cognitive reserve in older adults in Primary Care: Stratified	13
Prolonged caloric restriction ameliorates age-related atrophy in slow and fast muscle fibers of rat soleus muscle	13
25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency and inflammation increase cardiovascular risk in older people	13
The mechanisms and functions of TNF-α in intervertebral disc degeneration	13
Neurobiological and anti-aging benefits of yoga: A comprehensive review of recent advances in non-pharmacological therapy	13
Zhuyeqing liquor promotes longevity through enhancing stress resistance via regulation of SKN-1 and HSF-1 transcription factors in Caenorhabditis elegans	13
Predictors of total mortality and their differential association on premature or late mortality in the SUN cohort	13
Unraveling the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and osteoarthritis: A multivariate mendelian randomization highlighting the role of BMI as a confounding factor	13
Comparison of traditional vs. lighter load strength training on fat-free mass, strength, power and affective responses in middle and older-aged adults: A pilot randomized trial	13
Early life exercise impacts physiology and lifespan in a sex- and genotype-dependent manner in a Drosophila melanogaster exercise model	13
Progressive aerobic exercise in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress markers in older adult Korean women with obesity	12
Age-related morphological and functional changes in the small intestine of senescence-accelerated mouse	12
Respiratory training in older women: Unravelling central and peripheral hemodynamic slow oscillatory patterns	12
The role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 in age-related endothelial dysfunction	12
Aging-dependent mitochondrial bioenergetic impairment in the skeletal muscle of NNT-deficient mice	12
Heterogeneity in resistance training-induced muscle strength responses is associated with training frequency and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women	12
Diclofenac, a NSAID, delays fracture healing in aged mice	12
Editorial Board	12
D-chiro-inositol increases antioxidant capacity and longevity of Caenorhabditis elegans via activating Nrf-2/SKN-1 and FOXO/DAF-16	12
Acute catabolic bone metabolism response to exercise in young and older adults: A narrative review	12
High-throughput sequencing analysis of the characteristics of the gut microbiota in aged patients with sarcopenia	12
Exergaming interventions for older adults: The effect of game characteristics on gameplay	12
Development and psychometric evaluation of the Polish version of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ)	12
Social frailty increases the risk of all-cause mortality: A longitudinal analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	12
No impact of combining multi-ingredient supplementation with exercise on body composition and physical performance, in healthy middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis	12
Resistance exercise training at different loads in frail and healthy older adults: A randomised feasibility trial	12
Editorial Board	12
Visual-related training to improve balance and walking ability in older adults: A systematic review	12
Anthropometry as a readily accessible health assessment of older adults	12
The guppy (Poecilia reticulata) is a useful model for analyzing age-dependent changes in metabolism, motor function, and gene expression	12
Recognition of mild cognitive impairment in older adults using a polynomial regression model based on prefrontal cortex hemoglobin oxygenation	12
Prospective associations of chronic and intrusive pain with sarcopenia and physical disability amongst older Australian men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project	12
Oral frailty is associated with mortality independently of physical and psychological frailty among older adults	12
Modifiable predictive factors and all-cause mortality in the non-hospitalized elderly population: An umbrella review of meta-analyses	12
ER stress in cardiac aging, a current view on the D-galactose model	12
Understanding idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis - Clinical features, molecular mechanism and therapies	11
Changes in body weight and metabolic risk during time restricted feeding in premenopausal versus postmenopausal women	11
Contribution of impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal lipolysis to epididymal aging in mice	11
Optimal body composition indices cutoff values based on all-cause mortality in the elderly	11
Comparison of the surgical efficacy of robot-assisted and freehand nail placement in the treatment of sarcopenia combined with femoral neck fractures younger than 65 years	11
Senescent cell-derived extracellular vesicles as potential mediators of innate immunosenescence and inflammaging	11
Effect of healthy lifestyle score trajectory on all-cause mortality in the late middle-aged and older population: Finding from 17-year retrospective cohort study	11
The triglyceride-glucose index mediates associations between dietary inflammation index/Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and cardiovascular disease incidence: insights from NHANES study	11
The effect of high intensity interval training with genistein supplementation on mitochondrial function in the heart tissue of elderly rats	11
Environmental enrichment modulates silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activity to attenuate central presbycusis in a rat model of normal aging	11
Pilot project. Resveratrol intake by physical active and sedentary older adult women and blood pressure	11
A novel insight into the key gene signature associated with the immune landscape in the progression of sarcopenia	11
Neuropsychological assessment in cognitively healthy nonagenarians and centenarians: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis	11
Factors related to trunk intramuscular adipose tissue content – A comparison of younger and older men	11
Data-driven physical actigraphy patterns relate to cognitive and vascular health in older adults	11
Investigation of commonly used assessment methods for predicting fall risk in the elderly	11
Longitudinal evidence for immunosenescence and inflammaging in free-living great tits	11
Development and validation of an earphone-based system to measure short physical performance battery in older adults	11
Decrease in force control among older adults under unpredictable conditions	11
l-Glutamine supplementation enhances glutathione peroxidase and paraoxonase-1 activities in HDL of exercising older individuals	11
Sarcopenic patients “get even”: The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality	11