Cognitive Development

Article	Citations
Sensitivity to temporal synchrony in audiovisual speech in early infancy: Current issues and future avenues	119
The development of relational language during early childhood: Comprehension and production of cardinal, ordinal, and spatial labels	25
Editorial Board	22
What contributes to false belief understanding in childhood? A multidimensional approach	22
The role of executive functions and fluid intelligence in the prediction of conditional strategy knowledge of self-regulated learning	21
Childhood adversity is not associated with lowered inhibition, but lower perceptual processing: A Drift Diffusion Model analysis	19
The influence of reward on preschoolers’ cheating: A moderating role of theory of mind and inhibitory control	18
Predictive relations between executive function and Mandarin vocabulary ability among Uyghur-Mandarin bilingual preschoolers	18
The prediction of syllable awareness, character reading ability, and rapid automatized naming on phoneme awareness: Evidence from a longitudinal Cross-lagged model	18
Improving students’ creativity and Chinese academic achievement through Mind-Mapping integrated Differentiated Instruction (MM-DI)	15
Development of short- and long-term preference understanding from the perspective of oneself and another	15
The relation between attention, inhibitory control and spatial working memory in 3- and 4-year-olds	15
When should children copy their mothers’ food choices? Social learning strategies about foods	14
Winning or losing: Children’s proportional reasoning across motivational contexts	14
Adolescents’ beliefs about caste-essentialism and their social location in Nepal	14
Varieties of social learning in children: Characterizing the development of imitation, goal emulation and affordance learning within subjects and tasks	13
From spontaneous focusing on numerosity to mathematics achievement: The mediating role of non-symbolic number processing and mapping between symbolic and non-symbolic representations of number	12
Effect of instruction medium and modality on learning spatial concepts	12
Inquiry and argumentation skill development work in conjunction	11
Home learning environment and physical development impact children’s executive function development and literacy in rural Côte d’Ivoire	11
Is variety the spice of life? The role of variability in early word learning	11
Preschoolers prioritize humans over robots less than adults do: An eye-tracking study	11
Relationship between narrative ability and executive functions: A longitudinal study in kindergarten classrooms	11
The effect of background music and noise on alertness of children aged 5–7 years: An EEG study	10
How prior experience in analogous tasks affects three-year-olds’ tool making	10

Surface-to-structure shifts in rational number categories	10
Executive functions and decision making in childhood: A systematic review	10
Children deny that God could change morality	10
Spontaneous focus on patterns and arithmetic skill in 4- to 6-year-old children	10
Research on bilingual language processing and how languages are represented in the mind	10
Behavioral and emotional outcomes in school-aged children conceived via in vitro fertilization: A prospective matched cohort study in Tehran, Iran	9
Developmental origins of regulatory emotional self-efficacy beliefs in preadolescence: A longitudinal investigation from early childhood till adolescence	9
Shaping executive function in pre-school: The role of early educational practice	9
From recognition to production: Longitudinal links between reading, handwriting, and spelling in Chinese kindergartners	9
Arts education and its role in enhancing cognitive development: A quantitative study of critical thinking and creativity in higher education	9
Preschool children’s resource allocation towards and reasoning about exclusion of agents with disabilities	9
Understanding cognitive and language development in refugees: Evidence from displaced syrian children in Turkey	9
The shape bias in Mandarin-exposed young autistic children: The role of abstract shape representation	9
Infants do not use payoff information to infer individual goals in joint-action events	9
Hysteresis in posture selection in preschool children	9
Not for kids: 2nd grade school children require more practice than adults to attain long-term gains in a graphomotor task	9
How to learn computer versus human languages: A scoping review of behavioral and neural evidence	9
Achievements in arithmetic and measurement units predict fraction understanding in an additive and linear manner	8
The development of disability and foreignness concepts: A comparative approach	8
The communicative nature of moral development: A theoretical framework on the emergence of moral reasoning in social interactions	8
Could sensitivity to object authenticity be developmentally delayed in autism?	8
Editorial Board	8
Assessing inhibitory control in kindergarten children: Validity of integrating response accuracy and response latency	8
Development of visual dominance in face-voice integration: Evidence from cross-modal compatibility effects in a gender categorization task	8
Relative age effect in formal musical training	8
Modulation of attentional blink with sound in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)	7
Mediators and moderators of continuous and interval training interventions on cognitive performance and BDNF in adolescents with overweight/obesity	7
Influences of training length on the effectiveness of a number board intervention for 6-year-old German kindergartners	7
From executive functions to flexible cognition: Early links between cognitive flexibility and dispositional openness	7
Editorial Board	7
Young children and screen-based media: The impact on cognitive and socioemotional development and the importance of parental mediation	7
Unlocking potentials: Impact of integrating scaffolded educational escape rooms on junior high school students’ motivation, creativity, and academic achievement in Chinese language instruction	7
The Early Independent Problem Solving Survey (EIPSS): Its psychometric properties in children aged 12–47 months	7
Bilingualism and prospective memory monitoring in middle childhood: Efficiency gains under high self-initiated demand	7
Children’s developing disability concepts: A review and recommendations for continued research	7
How executive function contributed to young children’s mathematical achievement: The differential role of non-symbolic and symbolic numerical representation	7
The role of phonological decoding, rapid automatized naming, and morphological awareness in Chinese reading acquisition among 6- to 8-year-olds in Taiwan	6
Cultivating the toddler data desert with the Visual Attention Processing Protocol (VAPP): A novel scalable measure of individual differences in attentional processing from 2 to 6 years old	6
Children’s and adolescents’ judgments of the desirability and obligatoriness of prosocial action: Variations across helping, sharing, and comforting	6
The roles of self-, mother-, and stranger-determined choice in memory in 5- to 10-year-old Chinese children	6
The relative age effect in secondary schools	6
Normative language understanding and behavioral compliance longitudinally predict 2.5-year-olds' social norm enforcement	6
Examining preschoolers’ social-cognitive skills and persuasion styles in a novel persuasion task	6
Two- and three-year-olds prefer mastery-oriented over outcome-oriented help	6
Dating early memories: When did events really happen?	6
Predictors and outcomes associated with early math anxiety: Parental factors, working memory and math performance	6
The development and predictors of school-age children’s nonsymbolic number comparison abilities: Modulated by congruency between numerosity and visual cues	6
Age-related decline of metacognitive comprehension monitoring in adults aged 50 and older: Effects of cognitive abilities and educational attainment	6
Boundaries of apologies: Children avoid transgressors who give the same apology for a repeat offence	6
Ordinal processing in children with mathematics learning disabilities	6

The Ebbinghaus illusion revisited: Behavioral shift in task-solving between 4-year-olds, 6-year-olds, and adolescents	6
Children’s understanding of COVID-19: Acquiring knowledge about germs and contagion amidst a global pandemic	6
Morally-relevant theory of mind is related to viewing gender inequalities as unacceptable	5
Early self-control and sustained attention problems: Associations with youth achievement, motivation, and engagement	5
Development of inhibitory control in Head Start children: Association with approaches to learning and academic outcomes in kindergarten	5
Language context shapes bilingual children’s memory for newly encountered words	5
A refined description of initial symbolic number acquisition	5
Inhibitory control training on executive functions of children and adolescents: A latent change score model approach	5
Who is running our experiments? The influence of experimenter identity in the marshmallow task	5
Children’s evaluations of scarce (and abundant) resources: When does the “why” matter?	5
Pretend play is not an ‘extra’: Exploring the relation between parent-reported pretend play and executive functions in the toddlerhood period	5
Children’s executive function during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina: Associations with home literacy, reading, and screen times	5
A cross-sequential study of theory of mind, IQ, and fair sharing framed socially and non-socially in young children	5
How young children come to recommend resource choices that reduce waste	5
The impact of phonological processing on number transcoding	5
Relationships between executive functions and morphosyntactic skills in Spanish-speaking children with and without developmental language disorder	5
Factors affecting children’s direct learning and productive memory processes in the context of virtual museums	5
Sound, emotion, and innovation: Rethinking bayan education through digital tools	5
Dissociations between short and long-term effects of coronavirus pandemic closures: The case of math fluency	5
Children’s endowment effect is impacted by the salience of the object, but not the duration of possession or the object’s tangibility	5
Corrigendum to “Relative age effect in formal musical training” [Cognitive Development 75 (2025), 101603]	4
Internal manipulation of working memory: Developmental differences in early childhood	4
Relations between morphological awareness, vocabulary knowledge and word reading in different orthographies and scripts: Evidence from Africa and Asia	4
Seeing the big picture: How early-learned nouns and their referents co-occur in children’s picture books	4
What can the internet do?: Chinese and American children’s attitudes and beliefs about the internet	4
Puppets as symbols in early development: From whether to how in the Theory of Puppets debate	4
The preschooler’s moral self and executive functions: An experimental approach with exclusion	4
Assessment of vocabulary comprehension in Bilingual Qom - Spanish Indigenous children in Northern Argentina: Evidence for education, language preservation, and psycholinguistic theory	4
Latine dual language learners' bilingual development in math and cognition: A longitudinal latent profile analysis	4
Early number acquisition in bilingual children	4
Exploring the literary impact of visual storytelling techniques in graphic novels and their impact on American Literary Tradition	4
“How do fish breathe underwater?”: Young children’s ability to evaluate and remember different types of explanations regarding biological phenomena	4
Examining the impact of dialogic reading interventions with math picture books	4
Does reading fluency mediate the relationship between cognitive-linguistic skills and reading comprehension? A study in European Portuguese	4
Age group differences in SFON tendency and arithmetical skills of four to seven year olds in four countries with different school starting ages	4
Development of an object-space binding bias in episodic memory	4
The impact of early picture book interaction experience on Chinese character reading of children with Dyslexia: The perspective of visual temporal processing	4
Motivational context does not influence children’s third-party punishment in intergroup contexts	4
The relation between spatial language comprehension and mental transformation during early childhood	4
Children’s understanding of gratitude, generosity, and reciprocity	4
Children’s prosocial and selfish rule-breaking following an implicit quid pro quo	4
Why copy faithfully? Examining the role of social affiliation and norms understanding in preschoolers’ overimitation	4
Common ground without copresence: Preschoolers apply indirect cues about shared knowledge in real-time referential interpretation	3
Is the order of learning numerals universal? Evidence from eight countries and six languages	3
Development of L1-L2 naming skills in a monolingual context: Evidence from children and adolescents	3
Developmental changes in gesture–speech integration and their impact on memory encoding	3
The impact of humor on infant social learning: Insights from social gaze, heart rate variability, and laughter	3
Curiosity and children’s memory for a dinosaur exhibit	3
Developmental changes in the time window for the explicit sense of agency experienced across the lifespan	3
The Early Pretending Survey (EPS): A reliable parent-report measure of pretense type development for 4- to 47-month-olds	3
Using numbers strategically: Proportional reasoning induces wealth in-group bias in an equity task	3
The links between executive functions, reading, writing, and arithmetic fluency, and text comprehension in adolescence	3
Reply to Poulin-Dubois et al. (2023): Replication problems concerning both implicit and explicit false belief reasoning greatly reduced the chance of finding longitudinal correlations.	3
Children’s use of semantic elaboration in immediate serial order memory	3
Introduction to special issue: Mapping development of our social-cognition of resources	3
Enhancing parent and child shape talk during puzzle play	3
Open-skills sports, especially team ball games, are associated with adolescents’ cognitive abilities: Longitudinal evidence from the UK’s Millennium Cohort Study	3
Understanding the self in relation to others in nonverbal communication of one’s reasoning	3
A quasi-experimental study on increasing motivation and self-regulation skills in basketball players: VR and traditional training	3
Low and high control working memory and counting skills in children	3
Memory for space and time in 2-year-olds	3
Longitudinal association between non-symbolic numerical representation and emerging math competence: The dynamic mediation effect from cardinal knowledge to ordinal skills	3
Editorial Board	3
Editorial Board	3
A multi-method approach to addressing the toddler data desert in attention research	3
The sources and consequences of individual differences in statistical learning for language development	3
Greater Sharing of Child Autobiographical Memories at Age 4 Anticipates Decreasing Parent Elaborations at Age 6	3
Failure supports 3- to 6-year-old children’s mechanistic exploration	3
Do older 2-year-olds deploy explicit possibility concepts in action planning?	3
Development of inequity aversion in argentine children in different SES populations	3
Biological motion and multiple object tracking performance develop similarly from childhood through early adolescence	3
Optimizing adolescent health: Investigating physical activity’s impact on fitness, working memory, and academic performance	3
Usage-based approaches to child code-switching: State of the art and ways forward	3
Reciprocal reputation management: Preschoolers respond to shared credit with shared blame	3
The development of susceptibility to geometric visual illusions in children – A systematic review	3
Exposure to repeated behaviors in everyday life and pattern recognition ability predict preschoolers' subsequent theory of mind	3
Do multiple exemplars promote preschool children’s retention and generalisation of words learned from pictures?	3
Prospects and challenges in the use of puppets in developmental psychology: Royal road to the child’s mind or a dead end?	3
Is false belief understanding stable from infancy to childhood? We don’t know yet	3
Do you know the answers? Japanese and Hungarian preschoolers’ response tendencies to comprehensible and incomprehensible yes-no questions	3

The situational characteristics of vertical spatial metaphors for Chinese moral concepts in children and adults	3
Executive functions development: A longitudinal study of children from kindergarten to third grade across varied socioeconomic backgrounds	3
Phonological deficits in the comorbidity of reading difficulty and mathematical difficulty in Chinese adults	3
The difference an explanation makes: Verbal debrief effects when children cope with uncertainty	3
Enhancing spatial skills of disadvantaged children using everyday activities	3
Learning how to communicate: Does exposure to multiple languages promote children’s pragmatic abilities? A meta-analytic review	3
Indirect effects of intrusive parenting on externalizing behaviors in socioeconomically disadvantaged children: A parallel mediation analysis	2
A longitudinal study of Turkish-Dutch children’s language mixing in single-language settings: Language status, language proficiency, cognitive control and developmental language disorder	2
Cognitive predictors of low-income preschoolers’ moral judgments about physical harm: A longitudinal person-centered study	2
Follow-in joint attention supports word learning in American Sign Language	2
Daily fluctuations in children’s working memory accuracy and precision: Variability at multiple time scales and links to daily sleep behavior and fluid intelligence	2
Associations between infant multilingualism and language production and their effects on preschool-aged language development	2
The effect of foreigner talk on children’s evaluations of addressees	2
How basic cognitive processing affects children's math problem-solving performance?	2
Spatial abilities in Down syndrome: Characterising the profile of spatial skills and models of spatial development	2
Editorial cognitive development: What a difference a month makes	2
The role of mathematical vocabulary in the development of mathematical skills for Spanish-speaking students	2
Predictions of pre-academic mathematical and literacy skills by kindergarten executive functions	2
The rich are happy, and the poor are sad: The development of association between facial expressions and the rich and poor among children	2
Selection of information necessary for successful self-derivation	2
Does the experimenter presence impact children’s working memory?	2
Exploring the role of “in the moment” and global caregiver and child factors in caregiver questioning during shared book viewing	2
Iconic gestures on L1 vocabulary acquisition in kindergarteners: A preliminary study	2
The effect of home math activities on mathematical abilities in preschool children: The mediating effect of spontaneous focusing on numerosity	2
The influence of parent conversation goal and structure on children’s event reports	2
Preschoolers’ saving: The role of budgeting and psychological distance on a novel token savings task	2
Grass and gravel: Investigating visual properties preschool children and adults use when distinguishing naturalistic images	2
Age-related differences in autobiographical memory consistency at the level of narrative detail	2
Humor and social cognition: Correlational and predictive relations in 3- to 47-month-olds	2
My tablet’s about to go dead! 5- to 6-year-old children adjust their cognitive strategies depending on whether an external resource is reliably available	2
Young children’s copying of block constructions: Significant constraints in a highly complex task	2
Editorial Board	2
How profiles of general intelligence change with age: A comprehensive model	2
Early understanding of ownership helps infants efficiently organize objects in memory	2
Who helps best? Children’s evaluation of knowledgeable versus wealthy individuals in negative event contexts	2
Multimodal imitation reveals differences in typically developing children and children with neurodevelopmental disorders	2
Short-term developmental changes in cool self-regulation and delay-of-gratification performance among preschool children: A one-year longitudinal study	2
Father, mother, and toddler spatial talk in a favorite activity: Associations with gender, dominant language, and activity choice	2
Cognitive offloading by children in perceptual discrimination tasks	2
Editorial Board	2
What is the implicit self in infancy? A classification and evaluation of current theories on the early self	2
Word-level knowledge in Chinese children’s word reading and lexical inference development: A multivariate latent growth curve analysis	2
Variability in the relationship between parenting and executive functions: The role of environmental sensitivity	2
First insights into infants' and children's aha-experiences: A parent report study	2
Observing effortful adults enhances not perseverative but sustained attention in infants aged 12 months	2
Children's sensitivity to authenticity in their extension of brand names	2
One book, two minds: Understanding differences in maternal mental state talk during storytelling across siblings	2