Cognitive Development

Article	Citations
Sensitivity to temporal synchrony in audiovisual speech in early infancy: Current issues and future avenues	110
The development of relational language during early childhood: Comprehension and production of cardinal, ordinal, and spatial labels	31
The prediction of syllable awareness, character reading ability, and rapid automatized naming on phoneme awareness: Evidence from a longitudinal Cross-lagged model	30
The development of optimistic expectations in young children	23
Editorial Board	21
What contributes to false belief understanding in childhood? A multidimensional approach	20
Editorial Board	20
The role of executive functions and fluid intelligence in the prediction of conditional strategy knowledge of self-regulated learning	19
Improving students’ creativity and Chinese academic achievement through Mind-Mapping integrated Differentiated Instruction (MM-DI)	19
Childhood adversity is not associated with lowered inhibition, but lower perceptual processing: A Drift Diffusion Model analysis	18
Predictive relations between executive function and Mandarin vocabulary ability among Uyghur-Mandarin bilingual preschoolers	18
Adolescents’ beliefs about caste-essentialism and their social location in Nepal	17
Winning or losing: Children’s proportional reasoning across motivational contexts	16
When should children copy their mothers’ food choices? Social learning strategies about foods	15
Theory of puppets or theory of mind? Misunderstanding how children construe puppets in psychological research: A commentary on Packer and Moreno-Dulcey (2022)	15
Relationship between narrative ability and executive functions: A longitudinal study in kindergarten classrooms	14
Inquiry and argumentation skill development work in conjunction	13
Varieties of social learning in children: Characterizing the development of imitation, goal emulation and affordance learning within subjects and tasks	13
From spontaneous focusing on numerosity to mathematics achievement: The mediating role of non-symbolic number processing and mapping between symbolic and non-symbolic representations of number	12
Home learning environment and physical development impact children’s executive function development and literacy in rural Côte d’Ivoire	12
Effect of instruction medium and modality on learning spatial concepts	12
Preschoolers prioritize humans over robots less than adults do: An eye-tracking study	12
Having siblings is associated with better mentalizing abilities in adults	12
How prior experience in analogous tasks affects three-year-olds’ tool making	11
Surface-to-structure shifts in rational number categories	11

Is variety the spice of life? The role of variability in early word learning	11
Spontaneous focus on patterns and arithmetic skill in 4- to 6-year-old children	11
Research on bilingual language processing and how languages are represented in the mind	11
The effect of background music and noise on alertness of children aged 5–7 years: An EEG study	10
Hysteresis in posture selection in preschool children	10
Developmental origins of regulatory emotional self-efficacy beliefs in preadolescence: A longitudinal investigation from early childhood till adolescence	10
The influence of low family income from birth to adolescence and adulthood on intelligence: Findings from two Brazilian birth cohorts	10
Arts education and its role in enhancing cognitive development: A quantitative study of critical thinking and creativity in higher education	9
Preschool children’s resource allocation towards and reasoning about exclusion of agents with disabilities	9
Understanding cognitive and language development in refugees: Evidence from displaced syrian children in Turkey	9
Children deny that God could change morality	9
Not for kids: 2nd grade school children require more practice than adults to attain long-term gains in a graphomotor task	9
Shaping executive function in pre-school: The role of early educational practice	9
The shape bias in Mandarin-exposed young autistic children: The role of abstract shape representation	9
Infants do not use payoff information to infer individual goals in joint-action events	9
Executive functions and decision making in childhood: A systematic review	9
Young children’s attentional bias patterns to emotional male and female faces	9
Assessing inhibitory control in kindergarten children: Validity of integrating response accuracy and response latency	8
The development of disability and foreignness concepts: A comparative approach	8
Achievements in arithmetic and measurement units predict fraction understanding in an additive and linear manner	8
Relative age effect in formal musical training	8
Unlocking potentials: Impact of integrating scaffolded educational escape rooms on junior high school students’ motivation, creativity, and academic achievement in Chinese language instruction	8
Could sensitivity to object authenticity be developmentally delayed in autism?	8
Children’s developing disability concepts: A review and recommendations for continued research	8
The communicative nature of moral development: A theoretical framework on the emergence of moral reasoning in social interactions	8
Influences of training length on the effectiveness of a number board intervention for 6-year-old German kindergartners	8
Editorial Board	8
Development of visual dominance in face-voice integration: Evidence from cross-modal compatibility effects in a gender categorization task	8
How executive function contributed to young children’s mathematical achievement: The differential role of non-symbolic and symbolic numerical representation	8
Children’s understanding of relational language for quantity comparisons	8
Modulation of attentional blink with sound in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)	7
The role of phonological decoding, rapid automatized naming, and morphological awareness in Chinese reading acquisition among 6- to 8-year-olds in Taiwan	7
Two- and three-year-olds prefer mastery-oriented over outcome-oriented help	7
Children’s understanding of COVID-19: Acquiring knowledge about germs and contagion amidst a global pandemic	7
Cultivating the toddler data desert with the Visual Attention Processing Protocol (VAPP): A novel scalable measure of individual differences in attentional processing from 2 to 6 years old	7
Young children and screen-based media: The impact on cognitive and socioemotional development and the importance of parental mediation	7
Editorial Board	7
The development and predictors of school-age children’s nonsymbolic number comparison abilities: Modulated by congruency between numerosity and visual cues	7
Boundaries of apologies: Children avoid transgressors who give the same apology for a repeat offence	7
Children’s executive function during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina: Associations with home literacy, reading, and screen times	7
Children’s and adolescents’ judgments of the desirability and obligatoriness of prosocial action: Variations across helping, sharing, and comforting	7
The Early Independent Problem Solving Survey (EIPSS): Its psychometric properties in children aged 12–47 months	7
Age-related decline of metacognitive comprehension monitoring in adults aged 50 and older: Effects of cognitive abilities and educational attainment	7
Normative language understanding and behavioral compliance longitudinally predict 2.5-year-olds' social norm enforcement	7
Dating early memories: When did events really happen?	7
The roles of self-, mother-, and stranger-determined choice in memory in 5- to 10-year-old Chinese children	7
Simplicity and validity in infant research	6
Who is running our experiments? The influence of experimenter identity in the marshmallow task	6
The Ebbinghaus illusion revisited: Behavioral shift in task-solving between 4-year-olds, 6-year-olds, and adolescents	6
Ordinal processing in children with mathematics learning disabilities	6

Factors affecting children’s direct learning and productive memory processes in the context of virtual museums	6
How young children come to recommend resource choices that reduce waste	6
Children’s endowment effect is impacted by the salience of the object, but not the duration of possession or the object’s tangibility	6
Predictors and outcomes associated with early math anxiety: Parental factors, working memory and math performance	6
The relative age effect in secondary schools	6
Rational number conceptualization predicts mathematics achievement: Quantity matters	6
Inhibitory control training on executive functions of children and adolescents: A latent change score model approach	6
Children’s evaluations of scarce (and abundant) resources: When does the “why” matter?	6
Morally-relevant theory of mind is related to viewing gender inequalities as unacceptable	6
The influence of children’s first action when learning causal structure from exploratory play	6
Early self-control and sustained attention problems: Associations with youth achievement, motivation, and engagement	6
Sound, emotion, and innovation: Rethinking bayan education through digital tools	6
The impact of phonological processing on number transcoding	5
Dissociations between short and long-term effects of coronavirus pandemic closures: The case of math fluency	5
A cross-sequential study of theory of mind, IQ, and fair sharing framed socially and non-socially in young children	5
Relations between morphological awareness, vocabulary knowledge and word reading in different orthographies and scripts: Evidence from Africa and Asia	5
Motivational context does not influence children’s third-party punishment in intergroup contexts	5
Parental mental state talk in two contexts: Parents’ cognitive sentential complements are positively associated with children’s theory of mind	5
The impact of early picture book interaction experience on Chinese character reading of children with Dyslexia: The perspective of visual temporal processing	5
A refined description of initial symbolic number acquisition	5
What can the internet do?: Chinese and American children’s attitudes and beliefs about the internet	5
Development of inhibitory control in Head Start children: Association with approaches to learning and academic outcomes in kindergarten	5
Early number acquisition in bilingual children	5
“How do fish breathe underwater?”: Young children’s ability to evaluate and remember different types of explanations regarding biological phenomena	5
Latine dual language learners' bilingual development in math and cognition: A longitudinal latent profile analysis	5
Relationships between executive functions and morphosyntactic skills in Spanish-speaking children with and without developmental language disorder	5
Children’s use of verbal and nonverbal feedback during communicative repair: Associations with executive functioning and emotion knowledge	5
Language context shapes bilingual children’s memory for newly encountered words	5
Longitudinal development of executive function from infancy to late childhood	5
Development of an object-space binding bias in episodic memory	5
Internal manipulation of working memory: Developmental differences in early childhood	5
Examining the impact of dialogic reading interventions with math picture books	4
Longitudinal association between non-symbolic numerical representation and emerging math competence: The dynamic mediation effect from cardinal knowledge to ordinal skills	4
Editorial Board	4
Using numbers strategically: Proportional reasoning induces wealth in-group bias in an equity task	4
Corrigendum to “Relative age effect in formal musical training” [Cognitive Development 75 (2025), 101603]	4
Seeing the big picture: How early-learned nouns and their referents co-occur in children’s picture books	4
A multi-method approach to addressing the toddler data desert in attention research	4
The preschooler’s moral self and executive functions: An experimental approach with exclusion	4
The Early Pretending Survey (EPS): A reliable parent-report measure of pretense type development for 4- to 47-month-olds	4
Sources of individual differences in early elementary school science achievement among multilingual and English monolingual children in the U.S.	4
The sources and consequences of individual differences in statistical learning for language development	4
Prospects and challenges in the use of puppets in developmental psychology: Royal road to the child’s mind or a dead end?	4
Developmental changes in the time window for the explicit sense of agency experienced across the lifespan	4
Age group differences in SFON tendency and arithmetical skills of four to seven year olds in four countries with different school starting ages	4
Why copy faithfully? Examining the role of social affiliation and norms understanding in preschoolers’ overimitation	4
Puppets as symbols in early development: From whether to how in the Theory of Puppets debate	4
Assessment of vocabulary comprehension in Bilingual Qom - Spanish Indigenous children in Northern Argentina: Evidence for education, language preservation, and psycholinguistic theory	4
Children’s prosocial and selfish rule-breaking following an implicit quid pro quo	4
Exposure to repeated behaviors in everyday life and pattern recognition ability predict preschoolers' subsequent theory of mind	4
How is the developing mind working? Review of “The Working Mind: Meaning and mental attention in human development” by Juan-Pascual-Leone and Janice M. Johnson, MIT Press, 2021	4
Is false belief understanding stable from infancy to childhood? We don’t know yet	4
The impact of humor on infant social learning: Insights from social gaze, heart rate variability, and laughter	4
Children’s understanding of gratitude, generosity, and reciprocity	4
Does reading fluency mediate the relationship between cognitive-linguistic skills and reading comprehension? A study in European Portuguese	4
The relation between spatial language comprehension and mental transformation during early childhood	4
Understanding the self in relation to others in nonverbal communication of one’s reasoning	3
Iconic gestures on L1 vocabulary acquisition in kindergarteners: A preliminary study	3
Do older 2-year-olds deploy explicit possibility concepts in action planning?	3
Editorial Board	3
Do you know the answers? Japanese and Hungarian preschoolers’ response tendencies to comprehensible and incomprehensible yes-no questions	3
Executive functions development: A longitudinal study of children from kindergarten to third grade across varied socioeconomic backgrounds	3
Low and high control working memory and counting skills in children	3
Children’s use of semantic elaboration in immediate serial order memory	3
The situational characteristics of vertical spatial metaphors for Chinese moral concepts in children and adults	3
A quasi-experimental study on increasing motivation and self-regulation skills in basketball players: VR and traditional training	3
Biological motion and multiple object tracking performance develop similarly from childhood through early adolescence	3
Is secondhand information better read or said? Factors influencing children’s endorsements of text-based information	3
The development of susceptibility to geometric visual illusions in children – A systematic review	3
Preschoolers’ saving: The role of budgeting and psychological distance on a novel token savings task	3
Editorial Board	3
Enhancing parent and child shape talk during puzzle play	3
Introduction to special issue: Mapping development of our social-cognition of resources	3
Curiosity and children’s memory for a dinosaur exhibit	3
Failure supports 3- to 6-year-old children’s mechanistic exploration	3
Do multiple exemplars promote preschool children’s retention and generalisation of words learned from pictures?	3
Enhancing spatial skills of disadvantaged children using everyday activities	3
Is the order of learning numerals universal? Evidence from eight countries and six languages	3
The underlying processes of episodic memory development: From a unique contribution of representation to the increasing use of semantic organization supported by cognitive control	3
The effects of preschool and age on children’s early number skills	3

Learning how to communicate: Does exposure to multiple languages promote children’s pragmatic abilities? A meta-analytic review	3
Common ground without copresence: Preschoolers apply indirect cues about shared knowledge in real-time referential interpretation	3
Reply to Poulin-Dubois et al. (2023): Replication problems concerning both implicit and explicit false belief reasoning greatly reduced the chance of finding longitudinal correlations.	3
The effect of foreigner talk on children’s evaluations of addressees	3
Phonological deficits in the comorbidity of reading difficulty and mathematical difficulty in Chinese adults	3
Pretending at hand: How children perceive and process puppets	3
Optimizing adolescent health: Investigating physical activity’s impact on fitness, working memory, and academic performance	3
Development of L1-L2 naming skills in a monolingual context: Evidence from children and adolescents	3
The difference an explanation makes: Verbal debrief effects when children cope with uncertainty	3
Greater Sharing of Child Autobiographical Memories at Age 4 Anticipates Decreasing Parent Elaborations at Age 6	3
Development of inequity aversion in argentine children in different SES populations	3
Usage-based approaches to child code-switching: State of the art and ways forward	3
Open-skills sports, especially team ball games, are associated with adolescents’ cognitive abilities: Longitudinal evidence from the UK’s Millennium Cohort Study	3
Memory for space and time in 2-year-olds	3
Reciprocal reputation management: Preschoolers respond to shared credit with shared blame	3
Preschool children’s intuitions of parallelism	2
The “How many?” task inadequately assesses the understanding of the cardinality principle	2
Grass and gravel: Investigating visual properties preschool children and adults use when distinguishing naturalistic images	2
Observing effortful adults enhances not perseverative but sustained attention in infants aged 12 months	2
Exploring the development and stimulation of Spontaneous Focusing On Patterns (SFOP)	2
Children's sensitivity to authenticity in their extension of brand names	2
Multimodal imitation reveals differences in typically developing children and children with neurodevelopmental disorders	2
The FORAGEKID Game: Hybrid-Foraging as a new way to study aspects of executive function in development	2
First insights into infants' and children's aha-experiences: A parent report study	2
Editorial Board	2
Exploring the role of “in the moment” and global caregiver and child factors in caregiver questioning during shared book viewing	2
A longitudinal study of Turkish-Dutch children’s language mixing in single-language settings: Language status, language proficiency, cognitive control and developmental language disorder	2
Early understanding of ownership helps infants efficiently organize objects in memory	2
Father, mother, and toddler spatial talk in a favorite activity: Associations with gender, dominant language, and activity choice	2
Cognitive offloading by children in perceptual discrimination tasks	2
Associations between infant multilingualism and language production and their effects on preschool-aged language development	2
The predictive value of the cognitive scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III	2
The effect of prosodic congruency on novel adjective learning in adults and children	2
How basic cognitive processing affects children's math problem-solving performance?	2
Who helps best? Children’s evaluation of knowledgeable versus wealthy individuals in negative event contexts	2
The effect of amateur piano playing on memory performance: A focus on Chinese piano players	2
Editorial cognitive development: What a difference a month makes	2
One book, two minds: Understanding differences in maternal mental state talk during storytelling across siblings	2
My tablet’s about to go dead! 5- to 6-year-old children adjust their cognitive strategies depending on whether an external resource is reliably available	2
Young children’s copying of block constructions: Significant constraints in a highly complex task	2
The effect of moral character on children’s judgements of transgressions	2
Does the experimenter presence impact children’s working memory?	2
Age-related differences in autobiographical memory consistency at the level of narrative detail	2
Cognitive predictors of low-income preschoolers’ moral judgments about physical harm: A longitudinal person-centered study	2
Selection of information necessary for successful self-derivation	2
Indirect effects of intrusive parenting on externalizing behaviors in socioeconomically disadvantaged children: A parallel mediation analysis	2
The rich are happy, and the poor are sad: The development of association between facial expressions and the rich and poor among children	2
Early experiences and school readiness: A within and between exploration of the Opportunity Propensity Model	2
What is the implicit self in infancy? A classification and evaluation of current theories on the early self	2
Five-year old children’s responses to story stem assessments predicts their reflective functioning at 16 years: Re-visiting the London Parent-Child Project	2
The influence of parent conversation goal and structure on children’s event reports	2
Spatial abilities in Down syndrome: Characterising the profile of spatial skills and models of spatial development	2
The influence of testimonial accuracy and witness authority on Chinese children's base rate use: A developmental investigation	2
Predictions of pre-academic mathematical and literacy skills by kindergarten executive functions	2
Humor and social cognition: Correlational and predictive relations in 3- to 47-month-olds	2
Individual differences in children’s anthropomorphic tendencies to their special objects	2
The role of gesture and mimicry for children’s pattern learning	2
The effect of home math activities on mathematical abilities in preschool children: The mediating effect of spontaneous focusing on numerosity	2
The role of mathematical vocabulary in the development of mathematical skills for Spanish-speaking students	2
Daily fluctuations in children’s working memory accuracy and precision: Variability at multiple time scales and links to daily sleep behavior and fluid intelligence	2
Word-level knowledge in Chinese children’s word reading and lexical inference development: A multivariate latent growth curve analysis	2
Variability in the relationship between parenting and executive functions: The role of environmental sensitivity	2