Neuropsychopharmacology

Article	Citations
Pramipexole modulates fronto-subthalamic pathway in sequential working memory	803
Role of neuropeptide neuromedin U in the nucleus accumbens shell in cocaine self-administration in male rats	374
A new prism next to motherhood’s light: uncovering changes in neural function following childbirth	359
Fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia and analgesic tolerance in male rats: common underlying mechanisms and prevention by a polyamine deficient diet	198
ACNP 62nd Annual Meeting: Keyword Index	182
Novel approaches to estimate prefrontal synaptic strength in vivo in humans: of relevance to depression, schizophrenia, and ketamine	171
The National Institute on Drug Abuse Summer Research Internship Program: Building a Diverse National Scientific Workforce	162
Using metabolic imaging to investigate neuromodulatory mechanisms of rTMS	151
Correction to: Isoform-selective phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition ameliorates a broad range of fragile X syndrome-associated deficits in a mouse model	144
Targeted and transient opening of the blood brain barrier in discrete neurocircuits and brain regions	137
A sex-specific role for the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in proactive defensive behavior	134
Delayed estrogen actions diminish food consumption without changing food approach, motor activity, or hypothalamic activation elicited by corticostriatal µ-opioid signaling	131
Distinct roles of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex in the expression and reconsolidation of methamphetamine-associated memory in male mice	120
Potentiation of AMPA receptors for rapid therapeutic gain in psychiatry has reached a new level of excitement	103
Is treatment-resistant schizophrenia a neuroimmune condition? Meta-analytic evidence from magnetic resonance spectroscopy	102
ACNP 61st Annual Meeting: Poster Abstracts P541 – P809	98
Prefrontal allopregnanolone mediates the adverse effects of acute stress in a mouse model of tic pathophysiology	95
Parvalbumin interneuron mGlu5 receptors govern sex differences in prefrontal cortex physiology and binge drinking	90
Fetal behavior and gestational serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure: relationships between behavior, drug dosage, plasma drug level, and a measure of drug bioeffect	84
Leveraging ultra-high field (7T) MRI in psychiatric research	83
Sensitive period-regulating genetic pathways and exposure to adversity shape risk for depression	80
Genome-wide association study accounting for anticholinergic burden to examine cognitive dysfunction in psychotic disorders	77
Data-driven connectivity profiles relate to smoking cessation outcomes	73
Hippocampus and amygdala fear memory engrams re-emerge after contextual fear relapse	72
Validation of a non-food or water motivated effort-based foraging task as a measure of motivational state in male mice	72

It’s about racism, not race: a call to purge oppressive practices from neuropsychiatry and scientific discovery	70
Inhibition of striatal indirect pathway during second postnatal week leads to long-lasting deficits in motivated behavior	67
Does cannabidiol make cannabis safer? A randomised, double-blind, cross-over trial of cannabis with four different CBD:THC ratios	66
Polygenic liability for antipsychotic dosage and polypharmacy - a real-world registry and biobank study	64
Amplitude-determined seizure-threshold, electric field modeling, and electroconvulsive therapy antidepressant and cognitive outcomes	63
The GABAA receptor modulator zolpidem augments hippocampal-prefrontal coupling during non-REM sleep	61
Gestational ethanol exposure impairs motor skills in female mice through dysregulated striatal dopamine and acetylcholine function	58
Leveraging large-scale brain networks in rats to understand neurological and psychiatric disorders in humans	57
Prefrontal-hippocampal interactions supporting the extinction of emotional memories: the retrieval stopping model	56
TAAR1 agonist ulotaront modulates striatal and hippocampal glutamate function in a state-dependent manner	55
Towards an understanding of psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity	55
Altered neuronal activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex drives nicotine intake escalation	55
A double-blind, randomized controlled study of the effects of celecoxib on clinical symptoms and cognitive impairment in patients with drug-naïve first episode schizophrenia: pharmacogenetic impact of	55
IN MEMORIAM John Gary Csernansky 1954–2022	54
Pharmacogenomic testing for antidepressant treatment selection: lessons learned and roadmap forward	54
Sex differences in offspring risk and resilience following 11β-hydroxylase antagonism in a rodent model of maternal immune activation	54
A path to novel, effective treatments for schizophrenia	54
Overdose mortality rates for opioids and stimulant drugs are substantially higher in men than in women: state-level analysis	54
Psilocybin therapy for mood dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: an open-label pilot trial	53
Optogenetic inhibition of the dorsal hippocampus CA3 region during early-stage cocaine-memory reconsolidation disrupts subsequent context-induced cocaine seeking in rats	53
NPP Editorial: tides of progress	51
In Memoriam: Larry J. Young, PhD	51
Reporting checklists in neuroimaging: promoting transparency, replicability, and reproducibility	51
Correction to: Nucleus accumbens D1-receptors regulate and focus transitions to reward-seeking action	51
In Memoriam: Dr. James B. Appel	49
A covert cortical ensemble for learned fear suppression	46
Regulation of social hierarchy learning by serotonin transporter availability	45
Altered regulation of oligodendrocytes associated with parvalbumin neurons in the ventral hippocampus underlies fear generalization in male mice	45
Disease-modifying pharmacological approaches to correcting basal forebrain cholinergic neuronal (BFCN) dysfunction and degeneration	45
Chronic, combinatorial targeting of NMDARs and 5-HT4Rs exerts extended behavioral effects against stress-induced perseverative behavior and hyponeophagia	43
Deriving psychiatric symptom-based biomarkers from multivariate relationships between psychophysiological and biochemical measures	43
Transcriptomic profiling of reward and sensory brain areas in perinatal fentanyl exposed juvenile mice	42
The efficacy and safety of zolpidem and zopiclone to treat insomnia in Alzheimer’s disease: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial	42
Transcriptome-wide association study of post-trauma symptom trajectories identified GRIN3B as a potential biomarker for PTSD development	42
Network homeostasis: functional brain network alterations and relapse in remitted late-life depression	41
Low doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) increase reward-related brain activity	41
Indirect, but not direct, lateral habenula projections to ventral tegmental area regulate the long-term consequences of neuropathic pain	41
The prefrontal cortex and OCD	40
Effects of short-term quetiapine and lithium therapy for acute manic or mixed episodes on the limbic system and emotion regulation circuitry in youth with bipolar disorder	40
ACNP 60th Annual Meeting: Poster Abstracts P276 – P550	39
In Memoriam—Robert M. A. Hirschfeld, MD, MSc	39
Astrocyte-neuron signaling in the mesolimbic dopamine system: the hidden stars of dopamine signaling	39
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate to promote slow-wave sleep in major depressive disorder: a randomized crossover trial	38
Sexually dimorphic prelimbic cortex mechanisms play a role in alcohol dependence: protection by endostatin	38
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of drug liking blockade by buprenorphine subcutaneous depot (CAM2038) in participants with opioid use disorder	37
Modulation of methamphetamine memory reconsolidation by neural projection from basolateral amygdala to nucleus accumbens	37
Brain sex differences: the androgynous brain is advantageous for mental health and well-being	36
Smoking-informed methylation and expression QTLs in human brain and colocalization with smoking-associated genetic loci	36
Precision medicine in psychiatry: biomarkers to the forefront	36
Acute dose-dependent effects and self-guided titration of continuous N,N-dimethyltryptamine infusions in a double-blind placebo-controlled study in healthy participants	35

Longitudinal associations between white matter integrity, early life adversities, and treatment response following cognitive-behavioral therapy in depression	35
Individualized functional connectome identified generalizable biomarkers for psychiatric symptoms in transdiagnostic patients	34
Perinatal exposure to fluoxetine and maternal adversity affect myelin-related gene expression and epigenetic regulation in the corticolimbic circuit of juvenile rats	34
Persistent brain network signatures in psychosis: implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment	34
NPP’s approach toward improving rigor and transparency in clinical trials research	33
Multisystem stress response biotypes: a precision psychiatry approach to identifying and treating multidimensional risk factors for anhedonia in adolescence	33
GluN2B inhibition confers resilience against long-term cocaine-induced neurocognitive sequelae	32
For neuroscience, social history matters	32
Neuroimaging education in psychiatric training	31
Retraction Note: Association between neuromelanin-sensitive MRI signal and psychomotor slowing in late-life depression	31
N-acetylcysteine does not alter neurometabolite levels in non-treatment seeking adolescents who use alcohol heavily: A preliminary randomized clinical trial	31
Sex-specific and developmental effects of early life adversity on stress reactivity are rescued by postnatal knockdown of 5-HT1A autoreceptors	30
Lithium rescues dendritic abnormalities in Ank3 deficiency models through the synergic effects of GSK3β and cyclic AMP signaling pathways	30
Correction to: Fluoxetine incentivizes ventral striatum encoding of reward and punishment	30
Dynamic and accessible pharmacogenomic results: a response to pharmacogenomic testing for antidepressant treatment selection	30
The biological embedding of structural inequities: new insight from neuroscience	30
Cigarette smoking is associated with reduced neuroinflammation and better cognitive control in people living with HIV	29
Precision functional mapping for target engagement in drug development	29
Common and specific large-scale brain changes in major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and chronic pain: a transdiagnostic multimodal meta-analysis of structural and functional MRI studies	29
A paraventricular thalamus to insular cortex glutamatergic projection gates “emotional” stress-induced binge eating in females	29
Methylphenidate undermines or enhances divergent creativity depending on baseline dopamine synthesis capacity	29
Activation of prefrontal parvalbumin interneurons ameliorates working memory deficit even under clinically comparable antipsychotic treatment in a mouse model of schizophrenia	29
Impulsivity and risk-seeking as Bayesian inference under dopaminergic control	29
Connectome-based fingerprinting: reproducibility, precision, and behavioral prediction	29
Finding new and better treatments for psychiatric disorders	29
M1 acetylcholine receptors in somatostatin interneurons contribute to GABAergic and glutamatergic plasticity in the mPFC and antidepressant-like responses	29
Endocannabinoids at the synapse and beyond: implications for neuropsychiatric disease pathophysiology and treatment	28
In Memoriam George K. Aghajanian, M.D. 1932 -2023	28
Cracking the chicken and egg problem of schizophrenia and substance use: Genetic interplay between schizophrenia, cannabis use disorder, and tobacco smoking	27
Stress integration by an ascending adrenergic-melanocortin circuit	27
Reframing addiction: It’s not the destination, but the journey	27
Neural basis of adolescent THC-induced potentiation of opioid responses later in life	27
Cognition-enhancing and cognition-impairing doses of psychostimulants exert opposing actions on frontostriatal neural coding of delay in working memory	27
Disrupted brain state dynamics in opioid and alcohol use disorder: attenuation by nicotine use	26
Cholinergic system adaptations are associated with cognitive function in people recently abstinent from smoking: a (-)-[18F]flubatine PET study	26
N-acetylcysteine for youth cannabis use disorder: randomized controlled trial main findings	26
Identifying novel mechanisms and treatment targets for irritability and aggression in psychiatric disorders	26
Peripheral CB1 receptor blockade acts as a memory enhancer through a noradrenergic mechanism	26
G protein-biased LPAR1 agonism of prototypic antidepressants: Implication in the identification of novel therapeutic target for depression	26
Central Executive Network drives delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-induced nonlinear changes in large-scale functional connectivity in adolescent nonhuman primates	26
Genetic, environmental, and behavioral correlates of lifetime suicide attempt: Analysis of additive and interactive effects in two cohorts of US Army soldiers	26
UNRAVELing the synergistic effects of psilocybin and environment on brain-wide immediate early gene expression in mice	26
Validation of L-type calcium channel blocker amlodipine as a novel ADHD treatment through cross-species analysis, drug-target Mendelian randomization, and clinical evidence from medical records	25
Chronic MAP4343 reverses escalated alcohol drinking in a mouse model of alcohol use disorder	25
The Tailtag: A multi-mouse tracking system to measure social dynamics in complex environments	25
Transdiagnostic subgroups of cognitive impairment in early affective and psychotic illness	25
Genomic modules and intramodular network concordance in susceptible and resilient male mice across models of stress	25
Oxytocin effects on amygdala reactivity to angry faces in males and females with antisocial personality disorder	25
Direct comparison of the acute effects of lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin in a double-blind placebo-controlled study in healthy subjects	25
Lower cholinergic basal forebrain volumes link with cognitive difficulties in schizophrenia	25
Formation and fate of an engram in the lateral amygdala supporting a rewarding memory in mice	25
Cortical dopamine reduces the impact of motivational biases governing automated behaviour	25
Mapping brain-wide activity networks: brainways as a tool for neurobiological discovery	25
Efficacy and tolerability of baclofen in a U.S. community population with alcohol use disorder: a dose-response, randomized, controlled trial	25
ACNP 62nd Annual Meeting: Poster Abstracts P1 – P250	24
Examining memory reconsolidation as a mechanism of nitrous oxide’s antidepressant action	24
Longevity, enhanced memory, and altered density of dendritic spines in hippocampal CA3 and dentate gyrus after hemizygous deletion of Pde2a in mice	24
Ensuring psychedelic treatments and research do not leave anyone behind	24
Critical review and recommendations for enhancement of the article on novel neurosteroid therapeutics for postpartum depression	24
Toward understanding the opioid paradox: cellular mechanisms of opioid-induced hyperalgesia	23
Correction: Punishment-resistant alcohol intake is mediated by the nucleus accumbens shell in female rats	23
Inhibition of dorsal raphe GABAergic neurons blocks hyperalgesia during heroin withdrawal	23
Abnormal ventromedial-to-dorsolateral hierarchical topography of striatal circuits in cocaine use disorder and its modulations by brain stimulation	23
Effects of lithium on aggression in Drosophila	23
Opioid overdose and tolerance: is the recruitment of β-arrestin to the µ-receptor involved?	23
Social isolation and aggression training lead to escalated aggression and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis hyperfunction in mice	23
Disassociating drug active ingredients from inactive: ketamine-like synaptic effects of a ketamine excipient	23
ACNP 63rd Annual Meeting: Poster Abstracts P305-P608	23
Development of the McLean Hospital MENTOR Program to enhance mental health career pathways	22
Haven’t lost the positive feeling: a dose-response, oral alcohol challenge study in drinkers with alcohol use disorder	22
Correction: Neuropsychopharmacology Volume 50 Issue 1	22
Atypical cortical networks in children at high-genetic risk of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders	22
The rostromedial tegmental nucleus gates fat overconsumption through ventral tegmental area output in male rats	22
Ethical considerations in rapid and novel treatments in psychiatry	22
To dismantle structural racism in science, scientists need to learn how it works	22
Identifying brain-penetrant small-molecule modulators of human microglia using a cellular model of synaptic pruning	22
Correction to: Dose-related effects of ketamine for antidepressant-resistant symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in veterans and active duty military: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-control	22
Correction: Neuroactive steroid biosynthesis during pregnancy predicts future postpartum depression: a role for the 3α and/or 3β-HSD neurosteroidogenic enzymes?	22
Noninvasive neuromodulation of the prefrontal cortex in mental health disorders	22
ErbB4 in parvalbumin-positive interneurons mediates proactive interference in olfactory associative reversal learning	21

Acute sleep disruption reduces fear memories in male and female mice	21
Real-time fMRI neurofeedback: the promising potential of brain-training technology to advance clinical neuroscience	21
Prefrontal cortex and depression	20
Elevated dorsal medial prefrontal cortex to lateral habenula pathway activity mediates chronic stress-induced depressive and anxiety-like behaviors	20
Medial prefrontal cortex input to basolateral amygdala controls acute stress-induced short-term anxiety-like behavior in mice	20
Sex and sensitive period differences in potential effects of maltreatment on axial versus radial diffusivity in the corpus callosum	20
Greater subjective effects of a low dose of LSD in participants with depressed mood	20
The future of brain circuit-targeted therapeutics	20
GABA release from central amygdala neurotensin neurons differentially modulates ethanol consumption in male and female mice	20
IN MEMORIAM José Miguel Cañive, MD	19
The role of PFC networks in cognitive control and executive function	19
The anxiogenic drug yohimbine is a reinforcer in male and female rats	19
Refining the study of decision-making in animals: differential effects of d-amphetamine and haloperidol in a novel touchscreen-automated Rearing-Effort Discounting (RED) task and the Fixed-Ratio Effor	19
Control of dopamine communication by opioids: glutamate enters the discussion	18
Functional genomics identify causal variant underlying the protective CTSH locus for Alzheimer’s disease	18
Neural underpinnings of open-label placebo effects in emotional distress	18
The promise of precision functional mapping for neuroimaging in psychiatry	18
Selective KOR antagonist alters functional patch sizes in individualized brain system: results from the Fast-fail Trial in Mood and Anxiety Spectrum Disorders (FAST-MAS)	18
Peptidomimetic inhibitors targeting TrkB/PSD-95 signaling improves cognition and seizure outcomes in an Angelman Syndrome mouse model	18
Demand for heroin in rats: effects of non-drug alternative substitutes and complements	18
Robust aversive effects of trace amine-associated receptor 1 activation in mice	18
Advances in modeling learning and decision-making in neuroscience	18
Unexpected circuit-level tradeoffs in human stress resilience	18
Identifying novel proteins for suicide attempt by integrating proteomes from brain and blood with genome-wide association data	18
Modulation of learning safety signals by acute stress: paraventricular thalamus and prefrontal inhibition	18
A review of diffusion MRI in mood disorders: mechanisms and predictors of treatment response	18
Sex-specific resting state brain network dynamics in patients with major depressive disorder	18
Large-scale structural network change correlates with clinical response to rTMS in depression	18
Computational models of adaptive behavior and prefrontal cortex	17
IN MEMORIAM Ghanshyam Narayan Pandey 1937–2022	17
Publisher Correction to: Trace amine-associated receptor 1 agonism promotes wakefulness without impairment of cognition in Cynomolgus macaques	17
Extended course accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation as a substitute for depressed patients needing electroconvulsive therapy	17
Aversion-induced dopamine reductions predict drug-taking and escape behaviors	17
Pharmacological stimulation of infralimbic cortex after fear conditioning facilitates subsequent fear extinction	17
Is the stereoisomer R-MDMA a safer version of MDMA?	17
Opioid-blunted cortisol response to stress is associated with increased negative mood and wanting of social reward	17
Nucleus of the solitary tract A2 neurons control feeding behaviors via projections to the paraventricular hypothalamus	17
Local and global effects of sedation in resting-state fMRI: a randomized, placebo-controlled comparison between etifoxine and alprazolam	17
Exploring the role of mu opioid receptors in the therapeutic potential and abuse liability of (S)-ketamine	17
Cocaine restricts nucleus accumbens feedforward drive through a monoamine-independent mechanism	17
Comparative acute effects of mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, and psilocybin in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study in healthy participants	17
Retraction Note: Predator odor increases avoidance and glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the prelimbic cortex via corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 signaling	16
Common side effects of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy	16
Beyond the hypothalamus: roles for insulin as a regulator of neurotransmission, motivation, and feeding	16
A projection from the medial prefrontal cortex to the lateral septum modulates coping behavior on the shock-probe test	16
In memoriam – George R. Breese, Ph.D	16
PACAP regulates neuroendocrine and behavioral stress responses via CRF-containing neurons of the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus	16
Serum amyloid P component (SAP) modulates antidepressant effects through promoting membrane insertion of the serotonin transporter	16
Acute, chronic and conditioned effects of intranasal oxytocin in the mu-opioid receptor knockout mouse model of autism: Social context matters	16
Pediatric PTSD is characterized by age- and sex-related abnormalities in structural connectivity	16
Reply to Ploderl and Hengartner: learning about the course of suicidal behavior but not about the effects of SSRIs	16
ACNP 61st Annual Meeting: Poster Abstracts P271-P540	15
Sex-related differences in violence exposure, neural reactivity to threat, and mental health	15
Lateral habenula induces cognitive and affective dysfunctions in mice with neuropathic pain via an indirect pathway to the ventral tegmental area	15
Absence of TAAR1 function increases methamphetamine-induced excitability of dorsal raphe serotonin neurons and drives binge-level methamphetamine intake	15
Dopamine D2 receptors in nucleus accumbens cholinergic interneurons increase impulsive choice	15
Electronic health records and stratified psychiatry: bridge to precision treatment?	15
ACNP 63rd Annual Meeting: Panels, Mini-Panels and Study Groups	15
Unique and joint associations of polygenic risk for major depression and opioid use disorder with endogenous opioid system function	15
Testosterone eliminates strategic prosocial behavior through impacting choice consistency in healthy males	15
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and suicidal behaviour: a population-based cohort study	15
Correction: Lateral habenula induces cognitive and affective dysfunctions in mice with neuropathic pain via an indirect pathway to the ventral tegmental area	15
Isradipine augmentation of virtual reality cue exposure therapy for tobacco craving: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial	15
Selective 5HT3 antagonists and sensory processing: a systematic review	15
Random forest and Shapley Additive exPlanations predict oxytocin targeted effects on brain functional networks involved in salience and sensorimotor processing, in a randomized clinical trial in autis	15
Foraging with the frontal cortex: A cross-species evaluation of reward-guided behavior	15
The effects of D-Cycloserine on corticospinal excitability after repeated spaced intermittent theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation: A randomized controlled trial in healthy individuals	15
The effect of selective nigrostriatal dopamine excess on behaviors linked to the cognitive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia	15
A meta-analysis of conditioned fear generalization in anxiety-related disorders	15
Residual deficits in functional brain activity after chronic cocaine self-administration in rhesus monkeys	14
Retraction Note: Safety and efficacy of dapoxetine in the treatment of premature ejaculation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose, randomized study	14
(2-Aminopropyl)benzo[β]thiophenes (APBTs) are novel monoamine transporter ligands that lack stimulant effects but display psychedelic-like activity in mice	14
In memoriam: Kenneth E. Moore	14
Brain-enriched CACNA1C isoforms as novel, selective targets for psychiatric indications	14
Pathways link environmental and genetic factors with structural brain networks and psychopathology in youth	14
In Memoriam: Burton M. Angrist, MD	14
Acute effects of a high-fat diet on estrous cycling and body weight of intact female mice	14
In memoriam: Dr. Thomas Lehner	14
Identifying novel proteins underlying loneliness by integrating GWAS summary data with human brain proteomes	14
In Memoriam Bernard Agranoff	14
Mobile DNA and the brain	14
A large-scale c-Fos brain mapping study on extinction of cocaine-primed reinstatement	14
ACNP 63rd Annual Meeting: Keyword Index	14
Dose-related effects of ketamine for antidepressant-resistant symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in veterans and active duty military: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multi-cente	13
Chronic Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure in adolescent nonhuman primates: persistent abnormalities in economic demand and brain functional connectivity	13
Swell1 channel-mediated tonic GABA release from astrocytes modulates cocaine reward	13
Ghrelin decreases sensitivity to negative feedback and increases prediction-error related caudate activity in humans, a randomized controlled trial	13
GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide uncouples food intake from hedonic and anticipatory regulation in non-human primates: insights from an operant meal schedule paradigm	13
Correction: Ethical considerations in rapid and novel treatments in psychiatry	13
Prefrontal connectomics: from anatomy to human imaging	13
Retraction Note: Disruption of lipid-raft localized Gαs/tubulin complexes by antidepressants: a unique feature of HDAC6 inhibitors, SSRI and tricyclic compounds	13
Protective effect of PDE4B subtype-specific inhibition in an App knock-in mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease	13
Correction to: Deriving psychiatric symptom-based biomarkers from multivariate relationships between psychophysiological and biochemical measures	13
Pons connectivity correlates with neurophysiological and clinical signatures of predictive coding in psychosis	13
Chronic escitalopram in healthy volunteers has specific effects on reinforcement sensitivity: a double-blind, placebo-controlled semi-randomised study	13