Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

Article	Citations
A review identified challenges distinguishing primary reports of randomized trials for meta-research: A proposal for improved reporting	1676
A general explanation of the counterfactual definition of confounding	1544
Recording harms in randomized controlled trials of behavior change interventions: a scoping review and map of the evidence	223
Corrigendum to ‘Identifying type 1 and 2 diabetes in research datasets where classification biomarkers are unavailable: assessing the accuracy of published approaches’ [Journal of Clinical Epidemiolog	211
Many thanks to our reviewers	180
The construct of certainty of evidence has not been disseminated to systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines; response to ‘The GRADE Working Group’ et al	163
Empirical evaluation of the methods used in systematic reviews including observational studies and randomized trials	159
Editorial Board	146
Editorial Board	143
Meta-analysis of individual participant data and informed consent: a small step, but important and neglected	137
Advances in methodologies of negative controls: a scoping review	135
A Bayesian-adaptive decision-theoretic approach can reduce the sample sizes for multiarm exercise oncology trials	95
Statistical robustness of randomized controlled trials in high-impact journals has improved but was low across medical specialties	95
Multimorbidity, activity limitation and self-reported health all predict mortality risk, but better measures were required	95
External validation of six COVID-19 prognostic models for predicting mortality risk in older populations in a hospital, primary care, and nursing home setting	91
Interrater reliability of ROB2 – an alternative measure and way of categorization	89
Reporting of funding and conflicts of interest improved from preprints to peer-reviewed publications of biomedical research	88
The inclusion of outcomes in search strategies for Cochrane Reviews: authors’ reply	85
Types and associated methodologies of overviews of reviews in health care: a methodological study with published examples	84
Strong and high-quality evidence synthesis needs Cochrane: a statement of support by the GRADE Guidance Group	84
Screening colonoscopy similarly prevented distal and proximal colorectal cancer: a prospective study among 55–69-year-olds	81
Predicting COVID-19 prognosis in the ICU remained challenging: external validation in a multinational regional cohort	81
Pharmacovigilance studies without a priori hypothesis: systematic review highlights inappropriate multiple testing correction procedures	80
The walking man approach to interpreting the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve	75
Randomized COVID-19 vaccination rollout can offer direct real-world evidence	75

RETRACTED: Part II: a step-by-step guide to latent class analysis	74
GRADE concept paper 2: Concepts for judging certainty on the calibration of prognostic models in a body of validation studies	71
Visualizing the value of diagnostic tests and prediction models, part III. Numerical example with discrete risk groups and miscalibration	70
More than two-dozen prescription drug-based risk scores are available for risk adjustment: A systematic review	70
Potential interactions between digoxin and direct oral anticoagulants: application of cohort & novel case-crossover designs	69
Results reporting for clinical trials led by medical universities and university hospitals in the nordic countries was often missing or delayed	66
Two-decade health-related quality of life and performance on physical function tests in midaged women: findings from a prospective cohort study	64
Librarian involvement in systematic reviews was associated with higher quality of reported search methods: a cross-sectional survey	60
GRADE guidance 39: using GRADE-ADOLOPMENT to adopt, adapt or create contextualized recommendations from source guidelines and evidence syntheses	60
Harms were detected but not reported in six clinical trials of gabapentin	59
A systematic survey identified methodological issues in studies estimating anchor-based minimal important differences in patient-reported outcomes	59
Harms in Systematic Reviews Paper 2: Methods used to assess harms are neglected in systematic reviews of gabapentin	58
Searching two or more databases decreased the risk of missing relevant studies: a metaresearch study	58
JBI series paper 2: tailored evidence synthesis approaches are required to answer diverse questions: a pragmatic evidence synthesis toolkit from JBI	58
Handling missing data in clinical research	57
Allocation of scarce resources in a pandemic: rapid systematic review update of strategies for policymakers	56
Integrating Personomics into Precision Medicine	56
Methodological quality assessment tools for diagnosis and prognosis research: overview and guidance	55
External validation of clinical prediction models: simulation-based sample size calculations were more reliable than rules-of-thumb	55
Editorial Board	54
Priority-setting criteria for clinical practice guideline development on rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorders: a Delphi study within the European Reference Network ITHACA	51
Reconciling contrasting guideline recommendations on red and processed meat for health outcomes	51
Item response theory may account for unequal item weighting and individual-level measurement error in trials that use PROMs: a psychometric sensitivity analysis of the TOPKAT trial	49
The World Conference on Research Integrity 2024	48
Table of Contents	48
Editors' Choice September 2024	46
Editors’ Choice: October 2024	46
Sample size considerations are needed for the causal analyses of existing databases	44
Table of Contents	43
Year-to-year variation in attack rates could result in underpowered respiratory syncytial virus vaccine efficacy trials	41
Is it time for a common peer review format for biomedical journals?	41
A multimethods randomized trial found that plain language versions improved parents’ understanding of health recommendations	41
Response to “Homeopathy: A null field or effective psychotherapy?”	40
Prevalence of and factors associated with potentially redundant randomized controlled trials: a cross-sectional study	40
Incorporating postmenopausal women's perspectives into osteoporosis clinical guidelines: a systematic review	39
A method was developed for correcting the bias in the usual study weights in meta-analyses	39
Heterogeneity across outcomes reported in clinical trials for older adults with depression: a systematic survey	38
Improving grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation evidence tables part 4: a three-arm noninferiority randomized trial demonstrates improved understanding of content in summa	38
Controversy and debate: challenges with the need to improve the reference standard in diagnosis paper 1: two challenges: absence of a clear cut, easily replicable test for the reference standard; unet	38
Many systematic reviews with a single author are indexed in PubMed	37
Improved reporting of selection processes in clinical database research: author's reply	37
The performance of three nutritional tools varied in colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective analysis	37
Promoting responsible scientific research: integrating retractions into the ORCID profile	37
The use of GRADE approach in Cochrane reviews of TCM was insufficient: a cross-sectional survey	36
A few things to consider when deciding whether or not to conduct underpowered research	36
Table of Contents	35
Abstracts for reports of randomized trials of COVID-19 interventions had low quality and high spin	35
Meta-analysis of multi-jurisdictional health administrative data from distributed networks approximated individual-level multivariable regression	35
Methodological quality was critically low in 9/10 systematic reviews in advanced cancer patients—A methodological study	34
Defining decision thresholds for judgments on health benefits and harms using the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) evidence to decision (EtD) frameworks: a ra	34

Maternal early warning scores shown to be methodologically weak and at high risk of bias	34
Editors' Choice: February 2022	34
Indirectness (transferability) is critical when considering existing economic evaluations for GRADE clinical practice guidelines: a systematic review	34
Avoiding overadjustment bias in social epidemiology through appropriate covariate selection: a primer	34
Editors' Choice - July 2023	34
Assessing the scientific integrity of the collected work of one author or author group	33
A few panel members dominated guideline development meeting discussions: Social network analysis	33
A metaresearch study finds unclear impact of institutional conflicts of interest on conclusions of studies investigating volume–outcome relationships	33
Accounting for differential exclusions in the Nordic-European initiative on colorectal cancer trial discloses stronger-than-reported effects of screening colonoscopy	33
Surrogate endpoint metaregression: useful statistics for regulators and trialists	32
A framework for evaluating predictive models	32
Will COVID-19 result in a giant step backwards for women in academic science?	32
Qualitative study of guideline panelists: innovative surveys provided valuable insights regarding patient values and preferences	30
Health state utility differed systematically in breast cancer patients between the EORTC QLU-C10D and the PROMIS Preference Score	30
The impact of climate change on health needs structured evidence assessment and an evidence to action framework to make decisions: a proposal to adopt the GRADE approach	30
Systematic review of multivariable prognostic models for outcomes at least 30 days after hip fracture finds 18 mortality models but no nonmortality models warranting validation	29
Intent to share Annals of Internal Medicine's trial data was not associated with data re-use	29
A prospective comparison of evidence synthesis search strategies developed with and without text-mining tools	29
BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness was marginally affected by the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant in fully vaccinated individuals	29
Methodology over metrics: Response to Van Calster et al	29
Research misconduct tests: putting patients’ interests first	28
Editors’ Choice January 2025	28
Epidemiology and development economics two sides of the same coin in impact evaluation	28
Characteristics and completeness of reporting of systematic reviews of prevalence studies in adult populations: a metaresearch study	28
Data-driven methods distort optimal cutoffs and accuracy estimates of depression screening tools: a simulation study using individual participant data	28
Use of participant data and biological samples is insufficiently described in participant information leaflets	28
Validation of the Persistent Somatic Symptom Stigma Scale for Healthcare Professionals	27
AMSTAR 2 is only partially applicable to systematic reviews of non-intervention studies: a meta-research study	27
Author queries via email text elicited high response and took less reviewer time than data forms – a randomised study within a review	27
Pilot and feasibility studies for pragmatic trials have unique considerations and areas of uncertainty	26
A new taxonomy is proposed for defining the interests of stakeholders’ representatives in health research: the case of guideline development	26
Including nonrandomized studies of interventions in systematic reviews: principles and practicalities	26
GRADE guidance 36: updates to GRADE's approach to addressing inconsistency	26
Reporting quality of trial protocols improved for non-regulated interventions but not regulated interventions: A repeated cross-sectional study	26
Part I: A friendly introduction to latent class analysis	26
A review found small variable blocking schemes may not protect against selection bias in randomized controlled trials	26
Population median imputation was noninferior to complex approaches for imputing missing values in cardiovascular prediction models in clinical practice	25
Adverse drug reaction risks obtained from meta-analyses and pharmacovigilance disproportionality analyses are correlated in most cases	25
Methods for living guidelines: early guidance based on practical experience. Paper 5: decisions on methods for evidence synthesis and recommendation development for living guidelines	25
Reporting and methodological quality of COVID-19 systematic reviews needs to be improved: an evidence mapping	25
Missing data is poorly handled and reported in prediction model studies using machine learning: a literature review	24
A methodological review of network meta-analyses applied to complex interventions for public health and a typology of the node-making process	24
In a pilot study, automated real-time systematic review updates were feasible, accurate, and work-saving	24
Reliability of the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2) improved with the use of implementation instruction	24
Flexible approaches to clinical trials	23
Generative artificial intelligence and academic writing: friend or foe?	23
Table of Contents	23
13-Year colorectal cancer risk after lower-quality, higher-quality and no screening colonoscopy: a cohort study	23
Patient-reported outcomes and measures are under-utilised in advanced therapy medicinal products trials for orphan conditions	23
Implementation of a dynamic model updating pipeline provides a systematic process for maintaining performance of prediction models	22
Prevalence of patient partner authorship and acknowledgment in child health research publications: an umbrella review	22
Mapping intersectional sociodemographic inequalities in measurement and prevalence of depressive symptoms: a intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy	22
Answers to comments by Jonas Schmidt, Casper Urth Pedersen, and Sisse Helle Njor	22
Gynecological trials frequently exclude people based on their symptoms rather than their condition: a systematic review of Cochrane reviews and their component trials	22
Net clinical benefit of antiplatelet therapy was affected by patient preferences: A personalized benefit-risk assessment	22
A structured methodology review showed analyses of functional outcomes are frequently limited to “survivors only” in trials enrolling patients at high risk of death	21
Temporal improvements noted in life expectancy of patients with colorectal cancer; a Dutch population-based study	21
Let's end “real-world evidence” terminology usage: A study should be identified by its design	21
Why clinical context and relevant protocols matter: author's reply	21
Statistical strategies to analyze local control after radiotherapy	21
Informed consent for national registration of COVID-19 vaccination caused information bias of vaccine effectiveness estimates mostly in older adults: a bias correction study	21
Letter to the editor regarding "Incomparability of treatment groups is often blindly ignored in randomised controlled trials – a post hoc analysis of baseline characteristic tables"	21
Response to Weinfurt and Cappelleri on “Patient reported outcome measures in clinical trials should be initially analyzed as continuous outcomes for statistical significance and responder analyses sho	21
Letter to the Editor - Methodological quality was critically low in 9/10 systematic reviews in advanced cancer patients—A methodological study	21
Decision-making given surrogate outcomes	21
Validation and impact of algorithms for identifying variables in observational studies of routinely collected data	21
Toward an observatory of the evolution of clinical trials through phylomemy reconstruction: the COVID-19 vaccines example	21
New research questions identified for Cochrane reviews: a cross-sectional study of a specialized register: part two: fertility	21
Author’s reply: “The importance of properly specifying your target trial emulation: commentary on Mésidor et al.”	21
No short-term mortality from benzodiazepine use post-acute ischemic stroke after accounting for bias	21
Reporting of health equity considerations in vaccine trials for COVID-19: a methodological review	20
Gastrointestinal prophylaxis for COVID-19: an illustration of severe bias arising from inappropriate comparators in observational studies	20
Psychometric properties and domains covered by patient-reported outcome measures used in trials assessing interventions for chronic pain	19
The role of scoping reviews in guideline development	19
The Net Benefit of a treatment should take the correlation between benefits and harms into account	19
Editorial, April 2025	19
Underserved groups remain underserved as eligibility criteria routinely exclude them from breast cancer trials	19
Guidelines that use the GRADE approach often fail to provide complete economic information for recommendations: A systematic survey	18
Developing and externally validating multinomial prediction models for methotrexate treatment outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from an international collaboration	18
ADAPTING WHO COVID-19 LIVING GUIDELINES BALANCING METHODOLOGICAL RIGOUR WITH EFFICIENCY AND FLEXIBILITY: A CASE STUDY FROM ARGENTINA	18

Pain and physical function are common core domains across 40 core outcome sets of musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review	18
Table of Contents	18
2,109 randomized oncology trials map continuous, meager improvements in progression-free and overall survival over 50 years	18
Acquired HIV drug resistance mutations on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: Systematic review and Bayesian evidence synthesis	18
A scoping review of the assessment reports of genetic or genomic tests reveals inconsistent consideration of key dimensions of clinical utility	18
Why trials lose participants: A multitrial investigation of participants’ perspectives using the theoretical domains framework	18
Table of Contents	18
Table of Contents	18
Response rates in email vs. mail surveys for urologists: a randomized controlled trial	18
Joint modeling of endpoints can be used to answer various research questions in randomized clinical trials	18
Meta-epidemiological study of publication integrity, and quality of conduct and reporting of randomized trials included in a systematic review of low back pain	18
The Odds Ratio is “portable” across baseline risk but not the Relative Risk: Time to do away with the log link in binomial regression	18
Challenges with need to improve the reference standard in diagnosis: paper 2: real-world case examples from GRADE for when a reference standard is not clearly defined/ easily replicable or when it is	18
Table of Contents	18
Tutorial on directed acyclic graphs	18
A multistakeholder development process to prioritize and translate COVID-19 health recommendations for patients, caregivers and the public. A case study of the COVID-19 recommendation map	17
Assessment of Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) 2015 guideline adherence in medical imaging diagnostic accuracy studies published in 2023	17
Strength of statistical evidence for the efficacy of cancer drugs: a Bayesian reanalysis of randomized trials supporting Food and Drug Administration approval	17
The methods adopted by Autier et al do not support their conclusions	17
Calculating follow-up completeness: a comparison of multiple methods under different simulated scenarios and a use case	17
An umbrella review reveals that control variables are rarely considered as a source of heterogeneity in systematic reviews of observational studies	17
Rasch analysis highlighted relative importance of walking and transferring disabilities among elderly in developing countries	17
Editorial Board	17
Development of a refined harmonization approach for longitudinal cognitive data in people with HIV	17
The influence of the dynamic context of the pandemic on the predictive performance of mortality predictions over time in older patients hospitalized for COVID-19	17
Evidence Based Social Science in China Paper 4 : The quality of social science systematic reviews and meta-analysis published from 2000-2019	17
Epidemiology and reporting characteristics of systematic reviews of clinical prediction models: a scoping review	17
Methodological challenges in pilot trials of herbal medicine: barriers to evidence-based practice	17
Editorial Board	17
Sponsorship bias in oncology cost effectiveness analysis	17
Associations of hypothetical early intensive in-hospital rehabilitation with activities of daily living after hip fracture surgery in patients with and without dementia: emulating a randomized control	17
Inclusion of harm outcomes in core outcome sets requires careful consideration	16
Resource use during systematic review production varies widely: a scoping review: response to Nussbaumer-Streit et al.	16
Exploring the use and usefulness of living guidelines for consumers: international online survey of patients' and carers' views	16
GRADE Guidance: 31. Assessing the certainty across a body of evidence for comparative test accuracy	16
Presentation approaches for enhancing interpretability of patient-reported outcomes in meta-analyses: a systematic survey of Cochrane reviews	16
Meta-analysis for individual participant data with a continuous exposure: A case study	16
Improving the analysis of adverse event data in randomized controlled trials	16
Comments, suggestions, and criticisms of the Pragmatic Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary-2 design tool: a citation analysis	16
Present state bias in transition ratings was accurately estimated in simulated and real data	16
There is a need to address uptake of core outcome sets in research and guidelines	16
Methodological systematic review recommends improvements to conduct and reporting when meta-analyzing interrupted time series studies	16
Considerations for the use of biochemical laboratory registry data in clinical and public health research	16
Weekly updating of guideline recommendations was feasible: the Australian National COVID-19 clinical evidence Taskforce	16
Cox regression using a calendar time scale was unbiased in simulations of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness & safety	15
The value of international collaboration	15
PRIME-IPD SERIES Part 3. The PRIME-IPD tool fills a gap in guidance for preparing IPD for analysis	15
Estimates of sensitivity and specificity of serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies using a Bayesian latent class model approach	15
A multifaceted graphical display, including treatment ranking, was developed to aid interpretation of network meta-analysis	15
David Sackett Young Investigator Award 2021	15
Editors’ Choice May 2022: Evidence-Based-Research, Surrogate Outcomes and Exclusion of Old Systematic Reviews in Meta-analyses	15
PRIME-IPD SERIES Part 1. The PRIME-IPD tool promoted verification and standardization of study datasets retrieved for IPD meta-analysis	15
Editorial Board	15
Editors’ Choice: October 2021	15
Empirical studies of balance do not justify a requirement for 1,000 patients per trial	15
Researcher-patient partnership generated actionable recommendations, using quantitative evaluation and deliberative dialogue, to improve meaningful engagement	15
Critical elements of synthesis questions are incompletely reported: survey of systematic reviews of intervention effects	14
Persistent ethnic disparities in authorship within top European and North American medical journals: a serial cross-sectional analysis	14
Paper 4: a systematic review on the use of logic models and frameworks for methodological conduct of evidence synthesis	14
Equity issues rarely addressed in the development of COVID-19 formal recommendations and good practice statements: a cross-sectional study	14
Meta-research studies should improve and evaluate their own data sharing practices	14
Paper 2: themes from semistructured interviews	14
Sankey diagrams can clarify ‘evidence attrition’: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of rapid diagnostic tests for antimicrobial resistance	14
Data quality assessment of interventional trials in public trial databases	14
Do not make clinical decisions based on abstracts of healthcare research: A systematic review	14
Domperidone increases harmful cardiac events in Parkinson's disease: A Bayesian re-analysis of an observational study	14
Most systematic reviews that used the term “update” in title/abstract were not an updated version	14
Funding matters: time to update preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses?	14
A review of health equity considerations in Cochrane reviews of lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular health in adults	14
High certainty evidence is stable and trustworthy, whereas evidence of moderate or lower certainty may be equally prone to being unstable	14
The fragility index can be used for sample size calculations in clinical trials	14
Why methods matter in a meta-analysis: a reappraisal showed inconclusive injury preventive effect of Nordic hamstring exercise	14
Decision criteria for selecting essential medicines and their connection to guidelines: an interpretive descriptive qualitative interview study	14
Methods for living guidelines: early guidance based on practical experience. Paper 3: selecting and prioritizing questions for living guidelines	13
Methodological approaches for developing, reporting, and assessing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines: a systematic survey	13
The use of the E-value for sensitivity analysis	13
Understanding variation in the results of real-world evidence studies that seem to address the same question	13
“How-to”: scoping review?	13
Journal of clinical epidemiology The Importance of Reporting CT Scan Intervals in Real-World Oncology Studies: A Simulation Analysis of Afatinib in Advanced-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer	13
Differentiating between mapping reviews and evidence gap maps	13
Retracted randomized controlled trials were cited and not corrected in systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines	13
Geriatric impairments were directly and indirectly associated with mortality in older patients with cancer: a structural equation analysis	13
Variation observed in consensus judgments between pairs of reviewers when assessing the risk of bias due to missing evidence in a sample of published meta-analyses of nutrition research	13
Substantial heterogeneity found in reporting mortality in Cochrane systematic reviews and Core Outcome Sets in COMET database	13
The complexity of the relationship between ethnicity and COVID-19 outcomes: author's reply	13
Minimal important change was on the lower spectrum of previous estimates and responsiveness was sufficient for core outcomes in chronic low back pain	13
Increased endorsement of TRIPOD and other reporting guidelines by high impact factor journals: survey of instructions to authors	13
“Evidence-based checklists” for identifying predatory journals have not been assessed for reliability or validity: An analysis and proposal for moving forward	13
Large variation existed in standardized mean difference estimates using different calculation methods in clinical trials	13
Interrupted time-series analysis showed unintended consequences of non-pharmaceutical interventions on pediatric hospital admissions	13
Metabolomics data complemented drug use information in epidemiological databases: pilot study of potential kidney donors	13
Persistent gender disparity in leading dental publications across 4 decades: an observational study	13
Comparative effectiveness research considered methodological insights from simulation studies in physician's prescribing preference	13
Individual patient data meta-analysis estimates the minimal detectable change of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15	13
What should journals do to prevent the publication of methodologically flawed systematic reviews?	12