Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

Article	Citations
A review identified challenges distinguishing primary reports of randomized trials for meta-research: A proposal for improved reporting	232
A general explanation of the counterfactual definition of confounding	196
Recording harms in randomized controlled trials of behavior change interventions: a scoping review and map of the evidence	173
Corrigendum to ‘Identifying type 1 and 2 diabetes in research datasets where classification biomarkers are unavailable: assessing the accuracy of published approaches’ [Journal of Clinical Epidemiolog	168
Types and associated methodologies of overviews of reviews in health care: a methodological study with published examples	167
Many thanks to our reviewers	157
The construct of certainty of evidence has not been disseminated to systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines; response to ‘The GRADE Working Group’ et al	154
Editorial Board	153
Editorial Board	108
Predicting COVID-19 prognosis in the ICU remained challenging: external validation in a multinational regional cohort	105
Meta-analysis of individual participant data and informed consent: a small step, but important and neglected	100
Multimorbidity, activity limitation and self-reported health all predict mortality risk, but better measures were required	96
Randomized COVID-19 vaccination rollout can offer direct real-world evidence	95
External validation of six COVID-19 prognostic models for predicting mortality risk in older populations in a hospital, primary care, and nursing home setting	94
Harms in Systematic Reviews Paper 2: Methods used to assess harms are neglected in systematic reviews of gabapentin	94
Screening colonoscopy similarly prevented distal and proximal colorectal cancer: a prospective study among 55–69-year-olds	90
Interrater reliability of ROB2 – an alternative measure and way of categorization	89
RETRACTED: Part II: a step-by-step guide to latent class analysis	87
External validation, impact assessment and clinical utilization of clinical prediction models: a prospective cohort study	86
The walking man approach to interpreting the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve	78
Empirical evaluation of the methods used in systematic reviews including observational studies and randomized trials	77
A Bayesian-adaptive decision-theoretic approach can reduce the sample sizes for multiarm exercise oncology trials	75
Reporting of funding and conflicts of interest improved from preprints to peer-reviewed publications of biomedical research	74
The inclusion of outcomes in search strategies for Cochrane Reviews: authors’ reply	70
More than two-dozen prescription drug-based risk scores are available for risk adjustment: A systematic review	66

GRADE concept paper 2: Concepts for judging certainty on the calibration of prognostic models in a body of validation studies	66
Strong and high-quality evidence synthesis needs Cochrane: a statement of support by the GRADE Guidance Group	66
Allocation of scarce resources in a pandemic: rapid systematic review update of strategies for policymakers	64
Harms were detected but not reported in six clinical trials of gabapentin	64
Advances in methodologies of negative controls: a scoping review	62
A systematic survey identified methodological issues in studies estimating anchor-based minimal important differences in patient-reported outcomes	61
Measuring the environmental impact of health interventions in randomized controlled trials – A scoping review	61
Statistical robustness of randomized controlled trials in high-impact journals has improved but was low across medical specialties	61
Integrating personomics into precision medicine	59
Pharmacovigilance studies without a priori hypothesis: systematic review highlights inappropriate multiple testing correction procedures	58
Potential interactions between digoxin and direct oral anticoagulants: application of cohort & novel case-crossover designs	57
Results reporting for clinical trials led by medical universities and university hospitals in the nordic countries was often missing or delayed	56
Visualizing the value of diagnostic tests and prediction models, part III. Numerical example with discrete risk groups and miscalibration	56
Two-decade health-related quality of life and performance on physical function tests in midaged women: findings from a prospective cohort study	56
GRADE guidance 39: using GRADE-ADOLOPMENT to adopt, adapt or create contextualized recommendations from source guidelines and evidence syntheses	54
Librarian involvement in systematic reviews was associated with higher quality of reported search methods: a cross-sectional survey	53
Searching two or more databases decreased the risk of missing relevant studies: a metaresearch study	51
Handling missing data in clinical research	46
JBI series paper 2: tailored evidence synthesis approaches are required to answer diverse questions: a pragmatic evidence synthesis toolkit from JBI	46
Methodological quality assessment tools for diagnosis and prognosis research: overview and guidance	45
Editorial Board	45
Table of Contents	43
Item response theory may account for unequal item weighting and individual-level measurement error in trials that use PROMs: a psychometric sensitivity analysis of the TOPKAT trial	43
Priority-setting criteria for clinical practice guideline development on rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorders: a Delphi study within the European Reference Network ITHACA	42
Indirectness (transferability) is critical when considering existing economic evaluations for GRADE clinical practice guidelines: a systematic review	42
The World Conference on Research Integrity 2024	41
Editors' Choice September 2024	40
Table of Contents	40
Editors’ Choice: October 2024	40
Sample size considerations are needed for the causal analyses of existing databases	40
Year-to-year variation in attack rates could result in underpowered respiratory syncytial virus vaccine efficacy trials	39
Prevalence of and factors associated with potentially redundant randomized controlled trials: a cross-sectional study	39
Is it time for a common peer review format for biomedical journals?	39
Response to “Homeopathy: A null field or effective psychotherapy?”	39
Incorporating postmenopausal women's perspectives into osteoporosis clinical guidelines: a systematic review	37
A method was developed for correcting the bias in the usual study weights in meta-analyses	37
Meta-analysis of multi-jurisdictional health administrative data from distributed networks approximated individual-level multivariable regression	36
Controversy and debate: challenges with the need to improve the reference standard in diagnosis paper 1: two challenges: absence of a clear cut, easily replicable test for the reference standard; unet	36
Maternal early warning scores shown to be methodologically weak and at high risk of bias	36
Improved reporting of selection processes in clinical database research: author's reply	35
Improving grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation evidence tables part 4: a three-arm noninferiority randomized trial demonstrates improved understanding of content in summa	35
Many systematic reviews with a single author are indexed in PubMed	35
Heterogeneity across outcomes reported in clinical trials for older adults with depression: a systematic survey	35
The use of GRADE approach in Cochrane reviews of TCM was insufficient: a cross-sectional survey	34
A few things to consider when deciding whether or not to conduct underpowered research	34
Promoting responsible scientific research: integrating retractions into the ORCID profile	34
Abstracts for reports of randomized trials of COVID-19 interventions had low quality and high spin	34
Reconciling contrasting guideline recommendations on red and processed meat for health outcomes	33
Methodological quality was critically low in 9/10 systematic reviews in advanced cancer patients—A methodological study	33
Table of Contents	33

Editors' Choice: February 2022	31
Avoiding overadjustment bias in social epidemiology through appropriate covariate selection: a primer	31
Defining decision thresholds for judgments on health benefits and harms using the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) evidence to decision (EtD) frameworks: a ra	31
A multimethods randomized trial found that plain language versions improved parents’ understanding of health recommendations	31
The performance of three nutritional tools varied in colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective analysis	31
Editors' Choice - July 2023	30
The impact of climate change on health needs structured evidence assessment and an evidence to action framework to make decisions: a proposal to adopt the GRADE approach	29
Surrogate endpoint metaregression: useful statistics for regulators and trialists	29
A framework for evaluating predictive models	29
Assessing the scientific integrity of the collected work of one author or author group	29
A few panel members dominated guideline development meeting discussions: Social network analysis	29
Intent to share Annals of Internal Medicine's trial data was not associated with data re-use	28
A metaresearch study finds unclear impact of institutional conflicts of interest on conclusions of studies investigating volume–outcome relationships	28
BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness was marginally affected by the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant in fully vaccinated individuals	28
Methodology over metrics: Response to Van Calster et al	28
A new taxonomy is proposed for defining the interests of stakeholders’ representatives in health research: the case of guideline development	27
Methods for living guidelines: early guidance based on practical experience. Paper 5: decisions on methods for evidence synthesis and recommendation development for living guidelines	27
Data-driven methods distort optimal cutoffs and accuracy estimates of depression screening tools: a simulation study using individual participant data	27
In a pilot study, automated real-time systematic review updates were feasible, accurate, and work-saving	27
Re: living recommendations do not ‘flip-flop’ - Examining the probability of directional changes to recommendations in living guidelines	27
Systematic review of multivariable prognostic models for outcomes at least 30 days after hip fracture finds 18 mortality models but no nonmortality models warranting validation	26
GRADE guidance 36: updates to GRADE's approach to addressing inconsistency	26
Accounting for differential exclusions in the Nordic-European initiative on colorectal cancer trial discloses stronger-than-reported effects of screening colonoscopy	26
Pilot and feasibility studies for pragmatic trials have unique considerations and areas of uncertainty	26
Reliability of the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2) improved with the use of implementation instruction	26
Epidemiology and development economics two sides of the same coin in impact evaluation	25
Characteristics and completeness of reporting of systematic reviews of prevalence studies in adult populations: a metaresearch study	25
Editors’ Choice January 2025	25
Research misconduct tests: putting patients’ interests first	25
Use of participant data and biological samples is insufficiently described in participant information leaflets	25
Qualitative study of guideline panelists: innovative surveys provided valuable insights regarding patient values and preferences	24
Incorporating non-randomized evidence in cochrane intervention reviews: a scoping review	24
A prospective comparison of evidence synthesis search strategies developed with and without text-mining tools	24
Including nonrandomized studies of interventions in systematic reviews: principles and practicalities	24
A review found small variable blocking schemes may not protect against selection bias in randomized controlled trials	24
AMSTAR 2 is only partially applicable to systematic reviews of non-intervention studies: a meta-research study	24
Validation of the Persistent Somatic Symptom Stigma Scale for Healthcare Professionals	23
Missing data is poorly handled and reported in prediction model studies using machine learning: a literature review	23
Reporting quality of trial protocols improved for non-regulated interventions but not regulated interventions: A repeated cross-sectional study	23
Population median imputation was noninferior to complex approaches for imputing missing values in cardiovascular prediction models in clinical practice	23
13-Year colorectal cancer risk after lower-quality, higher-quality and no screening colonoscopy: a cohort study	22
Implementation of a dynamic model updating pipeline provides a systematic process for maintaining performance of prediction models	22
Net clinical benefit of antiplatelet therapy was affected by patient preferences: A personalized benefit-risk assessment	22
Health state utility differed systematically in breast cancer patients between the EORTC QLU-C10D and the PROMIS Preference Score	22
Flexible approaches to clinical trials	22
Patient-reported outcomes and measures are under-utilised in advanced therapy medicinal products trials for orphan conditions	22
Generative artificial intelligence and academic writing: friend or foe?	22
Part I: A friendly introduction to latent class analysis	22
Table of Contents	22
Answers to comments by Jonas Schmidt, Casper Urth Pedersen, and Sisse Helle Njor	22
Prevalence of patient partner authorship and acknowledgment in child health research publications: an umbrella review	21
Gynecological trials frequently exclude people based on their symptoms rather than their condition: a systematic review of Cochrane reviews and their component trials	21
Psychometric properties and domains covered by patient-reported outcome measures used in trials assessing interventions for chronic pain	21
Validation and impact of algorithms for identifying variables in observational studies of routinely collected data	21
Guidelines that use the GRADE approach often fail to provide complete economic information for recommendations: A systematic survey	21
Temporal improvements noted in life expectancy of patients with colorectal cancer; a Dutch population-based study	21
Mapping intersectional sociodemographic inequalities in measurement and prevalence of depressive symptoms: a intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy	20
Decision-making given surrogate outcomes	20
A structured methodology review showed analyses of functional outcomes are frequently limited to “survivors only” in trials enrolling patients at high risk of death	20
Pain and physical function are common core domains across 40 core outcome sets of musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review	20
Developing and externally validating multinomial prediction models for methotrexate treatment outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from an international collaboration	20
Statistical strategies to analyze local control after radiotherapy	20
Acquired HIV drug resistance mutations on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: Systematic review and Bayesian evidence synthesis	20
Informed consent for national registration of COVID-19 vaccination caused information bias of vaccine effectiveness estimates mostly in older adults: a bias correction study	20
Author’s reply: “The importance of properly specifying your target trial emulation: commentary on Mésidor et al.”	20
Gastrointestinal prophylaxis for COVID-19: an illustration of severe bias arising from inappropriate comparators in observational studies	20
New research questions identified for Cochrane reviews: a cross-sectional study of a specialized register: part two: fertility	19
Why clinical context and relevant protocols matter: author's reply	19
Reporting of health equity considerations in vaccine trials for COVID-19: a methodological review	19
Why trials lose participants: A multitrial investigation of participants’ perspectives using the theoretical domains framework	19
Letter to the editor regarding "Incomparability of treatment groups is often blindly ignored in randomised controlled trials – a post hoc analysis of baseline characteristic tables"	19
Response to Weinfurt and Cappelleri on “Patient reported outcome measures in clinical trials should be initially analyzed as continuous outcomes for statistical significance and responder analyses sho	19
Adapting World Health Organization COVID-19 living guidelines balancing methodological rigor with efficiency and flexibility: a case study from Argentina	19
The Odds Ratio is “portable” across baseline risk but not the Relative Risk: Time to do away with the log link in binomial regression	19
Toward an observatory of the evolution of clinical trials through phylomemy reconstruction: the COVID-19 vaccines example	19
Letter to the Editor - Methodological quality was critically low in 9/10 systematic reviews in advanced cancer patients—A methodological study	19
Let's end “real-world evidence” terminology usage: A study should be identified by its design	19
The Net Benefit of a treatment should take the correlation between benefits and harms into account	19
Tutorial on directed acyclic graphs	18
No short-term mortality from benzodiazepine use post-acute ischemic stroke after accounting for bias	18

Joint modeling of endpoints can be used to answer various research questions in randomized clinical trials	18
Table of Contents	18
The role of scoping reviews in guideline development	18
Underserved groups remain underserved as eligibility criteria routinely exclude them from breast cancer trials	18
Challenges with need to improve the reference standard in diagnosis: paper 2: real-world case examples from GRADE for when a reference standard is not clearly defined/ easily replicable or when it is	18
Table of Contents	18
A scoping review of the assessment reports of genetic or genomic tests reveals inconsistent consideration of key dimensions of clinical utility	18
Editorial, April 2025	18
Table of Contents	18
A multifaceted graphical display, including treatment ranking, was developed to aid interpretation of network meta-analysis	17
Strength of statistical evidence for the efficacy of cancer drugs: a Bayesian reanalysis of randomized trials supporting Food and Drug Administration approval	17
Comments, suggestions, and criticisms of the Pragmatic Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary-2 design tool: a citation analysis	17
Editorial Board	17
2,109 randomized oncology trials map continuous, meager improvements in progression-free and overall survival over 50 years	17
The influence of the dynamic context of the pandemic on the predictive performance of mortality predictions over time in older patients hospitalized for COVID-19	17
Inclusion of harm outcomes in core outcome sets requires careful consideration	17
Editorial Board	17
Response rates in email vs. mail surveys for urologists: a randomized controlled trial	17
Editorial Board	17
Development of a refined harmonization approach for longitudinal cognitive data in people with HIV	16
Content validity: judging the relevance, comprehensiveness and comprehensibility of an outcome measurement instrument – a COSMIN perspective	16
Associations of hypothetical early intensive in-hospital rehabilitation with activities of daily living after hip fracture surgery in patients with and without dementia: emulating a randomized control	16
Resource use during systematic review production varies widely: a scoping review: response to Nussbaumer-Streit et al.	16
Meta-analysis for individual participant data with a continuous exposure: A case study	16
A multistakeholder development process to prioritize and translate COVID-19 health recommendations for patients, caregivers and the public. A case study of the COVID-19 recommendation map	16
Cox regression using a calendar time scale was unbiased in simulations of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness & safety	16
Assessment of Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) 2015 guideline adherence in medical imaging diagnostic accuracy studies published in 2023	16
Methodological challenges in pilot trials of herbal medicine: barriers to evidence-based practice	16
The methods adopted by Autier et al do not support their conclusions	16
Presentation approaches for enhancing interpretability of patient-reported outcomes in meta-analyses: a systematic survey of Cochrane reviews	16
GRADE Guidance: 31. Assessing the certainty across a body of evidence for comparative test accuracy	16
Methodological systematic review recommends improvements to conduct and reporting when meta-analyzing interrupted time series studies	16
Calculating follow-up completeness: a comparison of multiple methods under different simulated scenarios and a use case	16
Epidemiology and reporting characteristics of systematic reviews of clinical prediction models: a scoping review	16
Improving the analysis of adverse event data in randomized controlled trials	15
The value of international collaboration	15
PRIME-IPD SERIES Part 3. The PRIME-IPD tool fills a gap in guidance for preparing IPD for analysis	15
Exploring the use and usefulness of living guidelines for consumers: international online survey of patients' and carers' views	15
An umbrella review reveals that control variables are rarely considered as a source of heterogeneity in systematic reviews of observational studies	15
Rasch analysis highlighted relative importance of walking and transferring disabilities among elderly in developing countries	15
David Sackett Young Investigator Award 2021	15
Editors’ Choice May 2022: Evidence-Based-Research, Surrogate Outcomes and Exclusion of Old Systematic Reviews in Meta-analyses	15
Sponsorship bias in oncology cost effectiveness analysis	15
Considerations for the use of biochemical laboratory registry data in clinical and public health research	15
Evidence Based Social Science in China Paper 4 : The quality of social science systematic reviews and meta-analysis published from 2000-2019	15
Beyond the binary: integrating “real-world evidence” with randomized trials in contemporary health care	15
Editors’ Choice: October 2021	15
Empirical studies of balance do not justify a requirement for 1,000 patients per trial	15
Weekly updating of guideline recommendations was feasible: the Australian National COVID-19 clinical evidence Taskforce	15
Present state bias in transition ratings was accurately estimated in simulated and real data	15
There is a need to address uptake of core outcome sets in research and guidelines	15
Domperidone increases harmful cardiac events in Parkinson's disease: A Bayesian re-analysis of an observational study	14
Funding matters: time to update preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses?	14
Meta-research studies should improve and evaluate their own data sharing practices	14
Most systematic reviews that used the term “update” in title/abstract were not an updated version	14
Differentiating between mapping reviews and evidence gap maps	14
Prospective registration was associated with a reduced risk of bias for randomized controlled trials: a meta-research study	14
The fragility index can be used for sample size calculations in clinical trials	14
Paper 4: a systematic review on the use of logic models and frameworks for methodological conduct of evidence synthesis	14
Data quality assessment of interventional trials in public trial databases	14
PRIME-IPD SERIES Part 1. The PRIME-IPD tool promoted verification and standardization of study datasets retrieved for IPD meta-analysis	14
Persistent ethnic disparities in authorship within top European and North American medical journals: a serial cross-sectional analysis	14
Increased endorsement of TRIPOD and other reporting guidelines by high impact factor journals: survey of instructions to authors	14
A review of health equity considerations in Cochrane reviews of lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular health in adults	14
Geriatric impairments were directly and indirectly associated with mortality in older patients with cancer: a structural equation analysis	14
Paper 2: themes from semistructured interviews	14
High certainty evidence is stable and trustworthy, whereas evidence of moderate or lower certainty may be equally prone to being unstable	14
The importance of reporting computed tomography scan intervals in real-world oncology studies: a simulation analysis of afatinib in advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer	14
Comparative effectiveness research considered methodological insights from simulation studies in physician's prescribing preference	14
“Evidence-based checklists” for identifying predatory journals have not been assessed for reliability or validity: An analysis and proposal for moving forward	14
Researcher-patient partnership generated actionable recommendations, using quantitative evaluation and deliberative dialogue, to improve meaningful engagement	14
Applying calculations to clinical medicine requires nuance: response to Uy	13
Large variation existed in standardized mean difference estimates using different calculation methods in clinical trials	13
Critical elements of synthesis questions are incompletely reported: survey of systematic reviews of intervention effects	13
Why methods matter in a meta-analysis: a reappraisal showed inconclusive injury preventive effect of Nordic hamstring exercise	13
Methodological approaches for developing, reporting, and assessing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines: a systematic survey	13
Individual patient data meta-analysis estimates the minimal detectable change of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15	13
The complexity of the relationship between ethnicity and COVID-19 outcomes: author's reply	13
Quality of surgical patient-reported outcome measure validation studies is often deficient: a systematic review	13
Equity issues rarely addressed in the development of COVID-19 formal recommendations and good practice statements: a cross-sectional study	13
Estimates of sensitivity and specificity of serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies using a Bayesian latent class model approach	13
Interrupted time-series analysis showed unintended consequences of non-pharmaceutical interventions on pediatric hospital admissions	13
Minimal important change was on the lower spectrum of previous estimates and responsiveness was sufficient for core outcomes in chronic low back pain	13
“How-to”: scoping review?	13
Empirical estimation of disutilities and decision thresholds for composite endpoints	13
The use of the E-value for sensitivity analysis	13
Sankey diagrams can clarify ‘evidence attrition’: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of rapid diagnostic tests for antimicrobial resistance	13
Decision criteria for selecting essential medicines and their connection to guidelines: an interpretive descriptive qualitative interview study	13
Methods for living guidelines: early guidance based on practical experience. Paper 3: selecting and prioritizing questions for living guidelines	13
Variation observed in consensus judgments between pairs of reviewers when assessing the risk of bias due to missing evidence in a sample of published meta-analyses of nutrition research	13
Retracted randomized controlled trials were cited and not corrected in systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines	13
Prevalence of patient and public involvement in child health randomized controlled trials and impact on research quality, loss to follow-up, and dissemination	12
Understanding variation in the results of real-world evidence studies that seem to address the same question	12
Beyond statistical significance: nuanced interpretations of statistically nonsignificant results were rare in Cochrane reviews – a metaepidemiological study	12
Analysis of risk of bias assessments in a sample of intervention systematic reviews, Part II: focus on risk of bias tools reveals few meet current appraisal standards	12