Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

Article	Citations
A review identified challenges distinguishing primary reports of randomized trials for meta-research: A proposal for improved reporting	240
A general explanation of the counterfactual definition of confounding	200
Recording harms in randomized controlled trials of behavior change interventions: a scoping review and map of the evidence	184
Corrigendum to ‘Identifying type 1 and 2 diabetes in research datasets where classification biomarkers are unavailable: assessing the accuracy of published approaches’ [Journal of Clinical Epidemiolog	177
Many thanks to our reviewers	172
The construct of certainty of evidence has not been disseminated to systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines; response to ‘The GRADE Working Group’ et al	164
Editorial Board	161
Editorial Board	161
Interrater reliability of ROB2 – an alternative measure and way of categorization	112
RETRACTED: Part II: a step-by-step guide to latent class analysis	111
Harms in Systematic Reviews Paper 2: Methods used to assess harms are neglected in systematic reviews of gabapentin	102
Empirical evaluation of the methods used in systematic reviews including observational studies and randomized trials	100
Meta-analysis of individual participant data and informed consent: a small step, but important and neglected	99
Predicting COVID-19 prognosis in the ICU remained challenging: external validation in a multinational regional cohort	97
Types and associated methodologies of overviews of reviews in health care: a methodological study with published examples	96
Screening colonoscopy similarly prevented distal and proximal colorectal cancer: a prospective study among 55–69-year-olds	94
Two-decade health-related quality of life and performance on physical function tests in midaged women: findings from a prospective cohort study	93
Visualizing the value of diagnostic tests and prediction models, part III. Numerical example with discrete risk groups and miscalibration	92
Potential interactions between digoxin and direct oral anticoagulants: application of cohort & novel case-crossover designs	91
A Bayesian-adaptive decision-theoretic approach can reduce the sample sizes for multiarm exercise oncology trials	80
Reporting of funding and conflicts of interest improved from preprints to peer-reviewed publications of biomedical research	79
The inclusion of outcomes in search strategies for Cochrane Reviews: authors’ reply	77
GRADE concept paper 2: Concepts for judging certainty on the calibration of prognostic models in a body of validation studies	76
Harms were detected but not reported in six clinical trials of gabapentin	69
Statistical robustness of randomized controlled trials in high-impact journals has improved but was low across medical specialties	68

More than two-dozen prescription drug-based risk scores are available for risk adjustment: A systematic review	68
Pharmacovigilance studies without a priori hypothesis: systematic review highlights inappropriate multiple testing correction procedures	67
Measuring the environmental impact of health interventions in randomized controlled trials – A scoping review	67
Randomized COVID-19 vaccination rollout can offer direct real-world evidence	64
Librarian involvement in systematic reviews was associated with higher quality of reported search methods: a cross-sectional survey	63
Integrating personomics into precision medicine	62
The walking man approach to interpreting the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve	61
JBI series paper 2: tailored evidence synthesis approaches are required to answer diverse questions: a pragmatic evidence synthesis toolkit from JBI	61
Strong and high-quality evidence synthesis needs Cochrane: a statement of support by the GRADE Guidance Group	60
Multimorbidity, activity limitation and self-reported health all predict mortality risk, but better measures were required	59
Results reporting for clinical trials led by medical universities and university hospitals in the nordic countries was often missing or delayed	57
Use of artificial intelligence to support the assessment of the methodological quality of systematic reviews	57
GRADE guidance 39: using GRADE-ADOLOPMENT to adopt, adapt or create contextualized recommendations from source guidelines and evidence syntheses	56
A systematic survey identified methodological issues in studies estimating anchor-based minimal important differences in patient-reported outcomes	53
Handling missing data in clinical research	50
Searching two or more databases decreased the risk of missing relevant studies: a metaresearch study	46
Advances in methodologies of negative controls: a scoping review	46
External validation of six COVID-19 prognostic models for predicting mortality risk in older populations in a hospital, primary care, and nursing home setting	46
Allocation of scarce resources in a pandemic: rapid systematic review update of strategies for policymakers	44
Methodological quality assessment tools for diagnosis and prognosis research: overview and guidance	43
Editorial Board	43
Table of Contents	42
Item response theory may account for unequal item weighting and individual-level measurement error in trials that use PROMs: a psychometric sensitivity analysis of the TOPKAT trial	42
Indirectness (transferability) is critical when considering existing economic evaluations for GRADE clinical practice guidelines: a systematic review	40
Priority-setting criteria for clinical practice guideline development on rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorders: a Delphi study within the European Reference Network ITHACA	40
A multimethods randomized trial found that plain language versions improved parents’ understanding of health recommendations	39
Editors’ Choice: October 2024	39
Maternal early warning scores shown to be methodologically weak and at high risk of bias	39
The World Conference on Research Integrity 2024	39
Table of Contents	38
Sample size considerations are needed for the causal analyses of existing databases	38
Editors' Choice September 2024	38
Year-to-year variation in attack rates could result in underpowered respiratory syncytial virus vaccine efficacy trials	37
Prevalence of and factors associated with potentially redundant randomized controlled trials: a cross-sectional study	37
Is it time for a common peer review format for biomedical journals?	37
Response to “Homeopathy: A null field or effective psychotherapy?”	36
A method was developed for correcting the bias in the usual study weights in meta-analyses	36
Meta-analysis of multi-jurisdictional health administrative data from distributed networks approximated individual-level multivariable regression	35
Incorporating postmenopausal women's perspectives into osteoporosis clinical guidelines: a systematic review	35
Table of Contents	34
Improving grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation evidence tables part 4: a three-arm noninferiority randomized trial demonstrates improved understanding of content in summa	34
A population-based recalibration method for updating survival neural networks models for cardiovascular risk prediction in United Kingdom and China	34
Controversy and debate: challenges with the need to improve the reference standard in diagnosis paper 1: two challenges: absence of a clear cut, easily replicable test for the reference standard; unet	34
Heterogeneity across outcomes reported in clinical trials for older adults with depression: a systematic survey	32
Promoting responsible scientific research: integrating retractions into the ORCID profile	31
The use of GRADE approach in Cochrane reviews of TCM was insufficient: a cross-sectional survey	31
Improved reporting of selection processes in clinical database research: author's reply	31
A few things to consider when deciding whether or not to conduct underpowered research	31
Many systematic reviews with a single author are indexed in PubMed	31
Abstracts for reports of randomized trials of COVID-19 interventions had low quality and high spin	30

Reconciling contrasting guideline recommendations on red and processed meat for health outcomes	30
Editors' Choice: February 2022	29
Surrogate endpoint metaregression: useful statistics for regulators and trialists	29
Editors' Choice - July 2023	29
Data-driven methods distort optimal cutoffs and accuracy estimates of depression screening tools: a simulation study using individual participant data	29
The performance of three nutritional tools varied in colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective analysis	29
Avoiding overadjustment bias in social epidemiology through appropriate covariate selection: a primer	29
A methodological review of network meta-analyses applied to complex interventions for public health and a typology of the node-making process	28
BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness was marginally affected by the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant in fully vaccinated individuals	28
Methodology over metrics: Response to Van Calster et al	28
The impact of climate change on health needs structured evidence assessment and an evidence to action framework to make decisions: a proposal to adopt the GRADE approach	28
Systematic review of multivariable prognostic models for outcomes at least 30 days after hip fracture finds 18 mortality models but no nonmortality models warranting validation	28
Intent to share Annals of Internal Medicine's trial data was not associated with data re-use	28
Epidemiology and development economics two sides of the same coin in impact evaluation	27
Use of participant data and biological samples is insufficiently described in participant information leaflets	27
Research misconduct tests: putting patients’ interests first	27
Editors’ Choice January 2025	27
Characteristics and completeness of reporting of systematic reviews of prevalence studies in adult populations: a metaresearch study	27
Incorporating non-randomized evidence in cochrane intervention reviews: a scoping review	26
Qualitative study of guideline panelists: innovative surveys provided valuable insights regarding patient values and preferences	26
Including nonrandomized studies of interventions in systematic reviews: principles and practicalities	26
A review found small variable blocking schemes may not protect against selection bias in randomized controlled trials	26
Methods for living guidelines: early guidance based on practical experience. Paper 5: decisions on methods for evidence synthesis and recommendation development for living guidelines	25
Reporting quality of trial protocols improved for non-regulated interventions but not regulated interventions: A repeated cross-sectional study	25
Validation of the Persistent Somatic Symptom Stigma Scale for Healthcare Professionals	25
In a pilot study, automated real-time systematic review updates were feasible, accurate, and work-saving	25
A prospective comparison of evidence synthesis search strategies developed with and without text-mining tools	25
Pilot and feasibility studies for pragmatic trials have unique considerations and areas of uncertainty	25
AMSTAR 2 is only partially applicable to systematic reviews of non-intervention studies: a meta-research study	25
A few panel members dominated guideline development meeting discussions: Social network analysis	24
Defining decision thresholds for judgments on health benefits and harms using the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) evidence to decision (EtD) frameworks: a ra	24
A new taxonomy is proposed for defining the interests of stakeholders’ representatives in health research: the case of guideline development	24
A framework for evaluating predictive models	24
Part I: A friendly introduction to latent class analysis	24
Assessing the scientific integrity of the collected work of one author or author group	23
A metaresearch study finds unclear impact of institutional conflicts of interest on conclusions of studies investigating volume–outcome relationships	23
Reliability of the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2) improved with the use of implementation instruction	23
Population median imputation was noninferior to complex approaches for imputing missing values in cardiovascular prediction models in clinical practice	23
Including conference abstracts rarely changed systematic review conclusions: A Case Study from a Living Network Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Treatments	23
GRADE guidance 36: updates to GRADE's approach to addressing inconsistency	22
Flexible approaches to clinical trials	22
Health state utility differed systematically in breast cancer patients between the EORTC QLU-C10D and the PROMIS Preference Score	22
Accounting for differential exclusions in the Nordic-European initiative on colorectal cancer trial discloses stronger-than-reported effects of screening colonoscopy	22
Missing data is poorly handled and reported in prediction model studies using machine learning: a literature review	22
Re: living recommendations do not ‘flip-flop’ - Examining the probability of directional changes to recommendations in living guidelines	22
13-Year colorectal cancer risk after lower-quality, higher-quality and no screening colonoscopy: a cohort study	22
Net clinical benefit of antiplatelet therapy was affected by patient preferences: A personalized benefit-risk assessment	21
Table of Contents	21
Answers to comments by Jonas Schmidt, Casper Urth Pedersen, and Sisse Helle Njor	21
Patient-reported outcomes and measures are under-utilised in advanced therapy medicinal products trials for orphan conditions	21
Informed consent for national registration of COVID-19 vaccination caused information bias of vaccine effectiveness estimates mostly in older adults: a bias correction study	20
Letter to the editor regarding "Incomparability of treatment groups is often blindly ignored in randomised controlled trials – a post hoc analysis of baseline characteristic tables"	20
Implementation of a dynamic model updating pipeline provides a systematic process for maintaining performance of prediction models	20
Validation and impact of algorithms for identifying variables in observational studies of routinely collected data	20
Toward an observatory of the evolution of clinical trials through phylomemy reconstruction: the COVID-19 vaccines example	20
Letter to the Editor - Methodological quality was critically low in 9/10 systematic reviews in advanced cancer patients—A methodological study	20
Gynecological trials frequently exclude people based on their symptoms rather than their condition: a systematic review of Cochrane reviews and their component trials	20
Psychometric properties and domains covered by patient-reported outcome measures used in trials assessing interventions for chronic pain	20
New research questions identified for Cochrane reviews: a cross-sectional study of a specialized register: part two: fertility	20
Decision-making given surrogate outcomes	20
Temporal improvements noted in life expectancy of patients with colorectal cancer; a Dutch population-based study	20
Let's end “real-world evidence” terminology usage: A study should be identified by its design	19
Gastrointestinal prophylaxis for COVID-19: an illustration of severe bias arising from inappropriate comparators in observational studies	19
No short-term mortality from benzodiazepine use post-acute ischemic stroke after accounting for bias	19
Joint modeling of endpoints can be used to answer various research questions in randomized clinical trials	19
Pain and physical function are common core domains across 40 core outcome sets of musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review	19
Reporting of health equity considerations in vaccine trials for COVID-19: a methodological review	19
Mapping intersectional sociodemographic inequalities in measurement and prevalence of depressive symptoms: a intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy	19
Underserved groups remain underserved as eligibility criteria routinely exclude them from breast cancer trials	19
Peer review reports of randomized controlled trials in oncology can be short and superficial	19
Why clinical context and relevant protocols matter: author's reply	19
Author’s reply: “The importance of properly specifying your target trial emulation: commentary on Mésidor et al.”	19
Response to Weinfurt and Cappelleri on “Patient reported outcome measures in clinical trials should be initially analyzed as continuous outcomes for statistical significance and responder analyses sho	19
Editorial, April 2025	19
Developing and externally validating multinomial prediction models for methotrexate treatment outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from an international collaboration	19
The Net Benefit of a treatment should take the correlation between benefits and harms into account	18
Adapting World Health Organization COVID-19 living guidelines balancing methodological rigor with efficiency and flexibility: a case study from Argentina	18
Table of Contents	18
Generative artificial intelligence and academic writing: friend or foe?	18
Acquired HIV drug resistance mutations on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: Systematic review and Bayesian evidence synthesis	18

A scoping review of the assessment reports of genetic or genomic tests reveals inconsistent consideration of key dimensions of clinical utility	18
A structured methodology review showed analyses of functional outcomes are frequently limited to “survivors only” in trials enrolling patients at high risk of death	18
Statistical strategies to analyze local control after radiotherapy	18
Tutorial on directed acyclic graphs	18
Challenges with need to improve the reference standard in diagnosis: paper 2: real-world case examples from GRADE for when a reference standard is not clearly defined/ easily replicable or when it is	18
Prevalence of patient partner authorship and acknowledgment in child health research publications: an umbrella review	18
Why trials lose participants: A multitrial investigation of participants’ perspectives using the theoretical domains framework	18
The role of scoping reviews in guideline development	18
The Odds Ratio is “portable” across baseline risk but not the Relative Risk: Time to do away with the log link in binomial regression	18
Table of Contents	18
Strength of statistical evidence for the efficacy of cancer drugs: a Bayesian reanalysis of randomized trials supporting Food and Drug Administration approval	17
Inclusion of harm outcomes in core outcome sets requires careful consideration	17
Development of a refined harmonization approach for longitudinal cognitive data in people with HIV	17
2,109 randomized oncology trials map continuous, meager improvements in progression-free and overall survival over 50 years	17
The influence of the dynamic context of the pandemic on the predictive performance of mortality predictions over time in older patients hospitalized for COVID-19	17
Editorial Board	17
Presentation approaches for enhancing interpretability of patient-reported outcomes in meta-analyses: a systematic survey of Cochrane reviews	17
Table of Contents	17
Response rates in email vs. mail surveys for urologists: a randomized controlled trial	17
Editorial Board	17
The methods adopted by Autier et al do not support their conclusions	17
Associations of hypothetical early intensive in-hospital rehabilitation with activities of daily living after hip fracture surgery in patients with and without dementia: emulating a randomized control	17
Beyond the binary: integrating “real-world evidence” with randomized trials in contemporary health care	16
There is a need to address uptake of core outcome sets in research and guidelines	16
An umbrella review reveals that control variables are rarely considered as a source of heterogeneity in systematic reviews of observational studies	16
Calculating follow-up completeness: a comparison of multiple methods under different simulated scenarios and a use case	16
Weekly updating of guideline recommendations was feasible: the Australian National COVID-19 clinical evidence Taskforce	16
Epidemiology and reporting characteristics of systematic reviews of clinical prediction models: a scoping review	16
Meta-analysis for individual participant data with a continuous exposure: A case study	16
Rasch analysis highlighted relative importance of walking and transferring disabilities among elderly in developing countries	16
Methodological challenges in pilot trials of herbal medicine: barriers to evidence-based practice	16
Considerations for the use of biochemical laboratory registry data in clinical and public health research	16
Sponsorship bias in oncology cost effectiveness analysis	16
Assessment of Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) 2015 guideline adherence in medical imaging diagnostic accuracy studies published in 2023	16
Informative statements to communicate the findings of systematic reviews of interventions: Cross-cultural translation of GRADE plain language into Portuguese language	16
Methodological systematic review recommends improvements to conduct and reporting when meta-analyzing interrupted time series studies	16
Exploring the use and usefulness of living guidelines for consumers: international online survey of patients' and carers' views	16
Content validity: judging the relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility of an outcome measurement instrument – a COSMIN perspective	16
A multistakeholder development process to prioritize and translate COVID-19 health recommendations for patients, caregivers and the public. A case study of the COVID-19 recommendation map	15
Improving the analysis of adverse event data in randomized controlled trials	15
Comments, suggestions, and criticisms of the Pragmatic Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary-2 design tool: a citation analysis	15
The value of international collaboration	15
Evidence Based Social Science in China Paper 4 : The quality of social science systematic reviews and meta-analysis published from 2000-2019	15
Cox regression using a calendar time scale was unbiased in simulations of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness & safety	15
David Sackett Young Investigator Award 2021	15
Editors’ Choice May 2022: Evidence-Based-Research, Surrogate Outcomes and Exclusion of Old Systematic Reviews in Meta-analyses	15
Editorial Board	15
Resource use during systematic review production varies widely: a scoping review: response to Nussbaumer-Streit et al.	15
A multifaceted graphical display, including treatment ranking, was developed to aid interpretation of network meta-analysis	15
Editors’ Choice: October 2021	15
Present state bias in transition ratings was accurately estimated in simulated and real data	15
“How-to”: scoping review?	14
Retracted randomized controlled trials were cited and not corrected in systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines	14
Equity issues rarely addressed in the development of COVID-19 formal recommendations and good practice statements: a cross-sectional study	14
Meta-research studies should improve and evaluate their own data sharing practices	14
Comparative effectiveness research considered methodological insights from simulation studies in physician's prescribing preference	14
Domperidone increases harmful cardiac events in Parkinson's disease: A Bayesian re-analysis of an observational study	14
Empirical studies of balance do not justify a requirement for 1,000 patients per trial	14
Prospective registration was associated with a reduced risk of bias for randomized controlled trials: a meta-research study	14
A review of health equity considerations in Cochrane reviews of lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular health in adults	14
Most systematic reviews that used the term “update” in title/abstract were not an updated version	14
Differentiating between mapping reviews and evidence gap maps	14
Data quality assessment of interventional trials in public trial databases	14
The importance of reporting computed tomography scan intervals in real-world oncology studies: a simulation analysis of afatinib in advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer	14
Persistent ethnic disparities in authorship within top European and North American medical journals: a serial cross-sectional analysis	14
Geriatric impairments were directly and indirectly associated with mortality in older patients with cancer: a structural equation analysis	14
Increased endorsement of TRIPOD and other reporting guidelines by high impact factor journals: survey of instructions to authors	14
Estimates of sensitivity and specificity of serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies using a Bayesian latent class model approach	13
Variation observed in consensus judgments between pairs of reviewers when assessing the risk of bias due to missing evidence in a sample of published meta-analyses of nutrition research	13
“Evidence-based checklists” for identifying predatory journals have not been assessed for reliability or validity: An analysis and proposal for moving forward	13
The fragility index can be used for sample size calculations in clinical trials	13
Large variation existed in standardized mean difference estimates using different calculation methods in clinical trials	13
Funding matters: time to update preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses?	13
Decision criteria for selecting essential medicines and their connection to guidelines: an interpretive descriptive qualitative interview study	13
Critical elements of synthesis questions are incompletely reported: survey of systematic reviews of intervention effects	13
Methodological approaches for developing, reporting, and assessing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines: a systematic survey	13
Why methods matter in a meta-analysis: a reappraisal showed inconclusive injury preventive effect of Nordic hamstring exercise	13
Sankey diagrams can clarify ‘evidence attrition’: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of rapid diagnostic tests for antimicrobial resistance	13
Large responses to antidepressants or methodological artifacts? A secondary analysis of STAR*D, a single-arm, open-label, non-industry antidepressant trial	13
Paper 2: themes from semistructured interviews	13
Minimal important change was on the lower spectrum of previous estimates and responsiveness was sufficient for core outcomes in chronic low back pain	13
Researcher-patient partnership generated actionable recommendations, using quantitative evaluation and deliberative dialogue, to improve meaningful engagement	13
High certainty evidence is stable and trustworthy, whereas evidence of moderate or lower certainty may be equally prone to being unstable	13
The use of the E-value for sensitivity analysis	13
Interrupted time-series analysis showed unintended consequences of non-pharmaceutical interventions on pediatric hospital admissions	13
Methods for living guidelines: early guidance based on practical experience. Paper 3: selecting and prioritizing questions for living guidelines	13
Individual patient data meta-analysis estimates the minimal detectable change of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15	13
Paper 4: a systematic review on the use of logic models and frameworks for methodological conduct of evidence synthesis	13
We extended the 2-week systematic review (2weekSR) methodology to larger, more complex systematic reviews: A case series	12
Paper 6: engaging racially and ethnically diverse interest holders in evidence syntheses	12
What should journals do to prevent the publication of methodologically flawed systematic reviews?	12
Reporting transparency and completeness in trials: Paper 3 – trials conducted using administrative databases do not adequately report elements related to use of databases	12
Published registry-based pharmacoepidemiologic associations show limited concordance with agnostic medication-wide analyses	12
Assessing conflict of interest reporting and quality of clinical trials on infant formula: a systematic review	12
No evidence of important difference in summary treatment effects between COVID-19 preprints and peer-reviewed publications: a meta-epidemiological study	12