OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Progress in Photovoltaics is 1. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-04-01 to 2025-04-01.)

Article	Citations
	529
Progress in three‐terminal heterojunction bipolar transistor solar cells	407
Ultrathin GaAs solar cells with a high surface roughness GaP layer for light‐trapping application	396
Atomic scale controlled tunnel oxide enabled by a novel industrial tube‐based PEALD technology with demonstrated commercial TOPCon cell efficiencies > 24%	368
Cover Image	277
Effects of material properties of band‐gap‐graded Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ thin films on the onset of the quantum efficiency spectra of corresponding solar cells	264
Quantifying the influence of encapsulant and backsheet composition on PV‐power and electrical degradation	258
Issue Information	94
Issue Information	66
A simplified and masking‐free doping process for interdigitated back contact solar cells using an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition borosilicate glass / phosphosilicate glass layer stack	64
Cover Image	64
Issue Information	63
	59
Impact of Rapid Thermal Processing on Bulk Lifetime and Surface Recombination Velocity of Crystalline Silicon With Passivating Tunnel Oxide Contacts	57
The Influence of Soldering Flux on Stability of Heterojunction and TOPCon Solar Cells	56
Advanced Fine Line Printing With Glass Stencils: Achieving Metal Contact Fingers Below 10 μm	55
CuIn (Se,Te)₂ Absorbers With Bandgaps <1 eV for Bottom Cells in Tandem Applications	53
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 170)	51
An open‐source parameterized life cycle model to assess the environmental performance of silicon‐based photovoltaic systems	49
Issue Information	43
Time‐varying, ray tracing irradiance simulation approach for photovoltaic systems in complex scenarios with decoupled geometry, optical properties and illumination conditions	41
Design of shading‐ and hotspot‐resistant shingled modules	40
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An adaptive modeling for bifacial solar module levelized cost and performance analysis for mining application	37

Automated detection of photovoltaic cleaning events: A performance comparison of techniques as applied to a broad set of labeled photovoltaic data sets	37
Predicting diurnal outdoor performance and degradation of organic photovoltaics via machine learning; relating degradation to outdoor stress conditions	36
Performance analysis of polycrystalline floating photovoltaic array: The concept and prototype development for irrigation purpose	35
Curing conditions for low‐resistivity contacts on transparent conductive oxide layers for different solar cell applications	34
Analysis of polyamide and fluoropolymer backsheets: Degradation and insulation failure in field‐aged photovoltaic modules	32
Ultra‐thin electron collectors based on nc‐Si:H for high‐efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells	30
On outdoor testing procedures of large samples of PV modules	30
Evidence of hot carrier extraction in metal halide perovskite solar cells	30
A thermodynamic evaluation of metal halides for the recrystallization of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂	30
Issue Information	29
Issue Information	29
Assessing the accuracy of two steady‐state temperature models for onboard passenger vehicle photovoltaics applications	28
Fully printed organic solar modules with bottom and top silver nanowire electrodes	27
Effect of Iron Contamination and Polysilicon Gettering on the Performance of Polysilicon‐Based Passivating Contact Solar Cells	27
Material availability assessment using system dynamics: The case of tellurium	26
Shingle cell IV characterization based on spatially resolved host cell measurements	25
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 191)	25
Modeling of transport in carrier‐selective contacts in silicon heterojunction solar cells	25
Oxygen‐alloyed poly‐Si passivating contacts for high‐thermal budget c‐Si heterojunction solar cells	25
Revisiting Photovoltaic Module Antireflection Coatings: A Novel, Dense Sol–Gel Design to Address Long‐Standing Durability Limitations	25
Identify, analyse and mitigate—Quantification of technical risks in PV power systems	23
Optical analysis of light management for finger designs in CPV systems	23
Electrochemical degradation modes in bifacial silicon photovoltaic modules	23
Flexible design of building integrated thin‐film photovoltaics	22
Life cycle energy demand and carbon emissions of scalable single‐junction and tandem perovskite PV	21
Incidence Angle Effect: Validation of New Measurement Methods for IEC 61853‐2	21
Towards a successful re‐use of decommissioned photovoltaic modules	21
Chemical and Electronic Structure of the i‐ZnO/In_xS_y:Na Front Contact Interface in Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ Thin‐Film Solar Cells	20
Comparative study of cadmium telluride solar cell performance on different TCO‐coated substrates under concentrated light intensities	20
III‐V//Cu_xIn_1−yGa_ySe₂ multijunction solar cells with 27.2% efficiency fabricated using modified smart stack technology with Pd nanopart	20
The dynamic of photovoltaic resources on its performance predictability, based on two new approaches	20
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Dipoles and defects caused by CO₂ plasma improve carrier transport of silicon solar cells	19
Assessment of string performance using self‐referencing method in comparison to performance ratio	19
A route towards high‐efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells	19
Half and full solar cell efficiency binning by deep learning on electroluminescence images	18
Achieving 23.83% conversion efficiency in silicon heterojunction solar cell with ultra‐thin MoO_x hole collector layer via tailoring (i)a‐Si:H/MoO_x interface	18
Thermal Pretreatment of as Cut Wafers for High Efficiency Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells	18
Deep‐learning‐based pipeline for module power prediction from electroluminescense measurements	18
Role of solar PV in net‐zero growth: An analysis of international manufacturers and policies	17
SrF_x‐based electron‐selective contact with high tolerance to thickness for crystalline silicon solar cells enabling efficiency over 21%	17
Potential for Recycled Silicon Solar Cells as Feedstock for New Ingot Growth	17
Review of technology specific degradation in crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium selenide, dye sensitised, organic and perovskite solar cells in photovoltaic modules: Underst	16
Silicon‐based passivating contacts: The TOPCon route	16
Progress of plated metallization for industrial bifacial TOPCon silicon solar cells	16
Practical design of an optical filter for thermal management of photovoltaic modules	16
How band tail recombination influences the open‐circuit voltage of solar cells	16
Offshore floating photovoltaics system assessment in worldwide perspective	16
Measuring the device‐level EQE of multi‐junction photonic power converters	15
Solar Cell Efficiency Tables (Version 65)	15

Implementation of nickel and copper as cost‐effective alternative contacts in silicon solar cells	15
Mechanical stacked GaAs//CuIn_1−yGa_ySe₂three‐junction solar cells with 30% efficiency via an improved bonding interface and area current‐matching techniqu	15
Daylight photoluminescence imaging of photovoltaic systems using inverter‐based switching	15
Towards market commercialization: Lifecycle economic and environmental evaluation of scalable perovskite solar cells	15
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 63)	15
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 60)	15
Issue Information	14
Cover Image	14
Susceptibility to polarization type potential induced degradation in commercial bifacial p‐PERC PV modules	14
Enhanced Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells Through the Application of Pure Natural Centella asiatica Extract Additives	14
Firing stability of tube furnace‐annealed n‐type poly‐Si on oxide junctions	14
Autonomous measurement system for photovoltaic and radiometer soiling losses	14
Outdoor measurements of a full‐size bifacial Pero/Si tandem module under different spectral conditions	14
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Photovoltaics literature survey (no. 172)	14
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Design and characterization of multijunction photovoltaic laser power converters for nonuniform irradiance light profiles	13
Thermally stable poly‐Si tunnel junctions enabling next‐generation high‐efficiency Si solar cells	13
Towards a cutting‐edge metallization process for silicon heterojunction solar cells with very low silver laydown	12
Corrigendum	12
Experimental observations in mismatch losses in monofacial and bifacial PV generators	12
Techno‐economic analysis of the use of atomic layer deposited transition metal oxides in silicon heterojunction solar cells	12
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 193)	12
Realizing SnF₂‐TMAB passivated lead‐free formamidinum perovskite solar cells with doctor‐bladed carbon electrode	12
Issue Information	12
Impact of excitation energy on hot carrier properties in InGaAs multi‐quantum well structure	12
Large‐area MoO_x/c‐Si heterojunction solar cells with a ICO/Ag back reflector	12
Artificial ground reflector size and position effects on energy yield and economics of single‐axis‐tracked bifacial photovoltaics	12
High‐performance perovskite/silicon heterojunction solar cells enabled by industrially compatible postannealing	12
Issue Information	12
Temperature and illumination dependence of silicon heterojunction solar cells with a wide range of wafer resistivities	12
24.58% efficient commercial n‐type silicon solar cells with hydrogenation	11
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Issue Information	11
The status of implementation of photovoltaic systems and its influencing factors in European countries	10
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Microstructured antireflective encapsulant on concentrator solar cells	10
Editorial for Stuart Wenham Special Issue	10
Low‐cost outdoor spectral irradiances determination and its application on Concentrator Photovoltaic module power rating and energy yield calculation	10
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Issue Information	10
Determination of dominant recombination site in perovskite solar cells through illumination‐side‐dependent impedance spectroscopy	9
Issue Information	9
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Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 177)	9
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Effect of Ga Variation on the Bulk and Grain‐Boundary Properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Absorbers in Thin‐Film Solar Cells and Their Impacts on Open‐Circuit Voltage Losses	9
Performance evaluation of procedures used to correct measured I‐V characteristics of photovoltaic modules for temperature and irradiance	9
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Cover Image	9
Measured power conversion efficiencies of bifacial luminescent solar concentrator photovoltaic devices of the mosaic series	9
Issue Information	8
Device operation of P‐ion‐implanted n‐BaSi₂/p‐Si heterojunction solar cells	8
Quantifying optical loss of high‐voltage degradation modes in photovoltaic modules using spectral analysis	8
High aspect ratio triangular front contacts for solar cells fabricated by string‐printing	8
In‐depth analysis of potential‐induced degradation in a commercial CIGS PV module	8
Updated sustainability status of cadmium telluride thin‐film photovoltaic systems and projections	8
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Ultra‐thin GaAs solar cells with nanophotonic metal‐dielectric diffraction gratings fabricated with displacement Talbot lithography	8
Achievement of 25.54% power conversion efficiency by optimization of current losses at the front side of silicon heterojunction solar cells	8
Luminescence imaging of solar modules in full sunlight using ultranarrow bandpass filters	8
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An asymmetric low concentrator and spectral splitting approach to bifacial four‐terminal photovoltaic modules	8
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 59)	8
Chlorine‐doped perovskite materials for highly efficient perovskite solar cell design offering an efficiency of nearly 29%	8
Prevention of potential‐induced degradation using a moisture barrier in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules	8
2‐step process for 5.4% CuGaSe₂ solar cell using fluorine doped tin oxide transparent back contacts	8
Temperature sensitivity maps of silicon wafers from photoluminescence imaging: The effect of gettering and hydrogenation	8
Multi‐Annual Year‐on‐Year: Minimising the Uncertainty in Photovoltaic System Performance Loss Rates	8
Design for the environment: SHJ module with ultra‐low carbon footprint	7
Double‐sided nano‐textured surfaces for industry compatible high‐performance silicon heterojunction and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells	7
Enhancing Efficiency of Lead‐Free Cs₂TiI_xBr_6‐x Perovskite Solar Cells Through Linear and Parabolic Grading Strategies: Toward 31.18% Efficiency	7
Analysis of the degradation of amorphous silicon‐based modules after 11 years of exposure by means of IEC60891:2021 procedure 3	7
Damp‐heat induced degradation in photovoltaic modules manufactured with passivated emitter and rear contact solar cells	7
FoilMet^®‐Interconnect: Busbarless, electrically conductive adhesive‐free, and solder‐free aluminum interconnection for modules with shingled solar cells	7
Local p + Poly‐Si Passivating Contacts Realized by Direct FlexTrail Printing of Boron Ink and Selective Alkaline Etching for High Efficiency TOPCon Based Solar Cells	7
Light trapping in thin silicon solar cells: A review on fundamentals and technologies	7
Advanced analytics on IV curves and electroluminescence images of photovoltaic modules using machine learning algorithms	7
Multi‐pronged degradation analysis of a photovoltaic power plant after 9.5 years of operation under hot desert climatic conditions	7

Future‐proofing photovoltaics module reliability through a unifying predictive modeling framework	7
How to assess the electrical quality of solar cell interconnection in shingle solar modules	7
Surface saturation current densities of perovskite thin films from Suns‐photoluminescence quantum yield measurements	7
Photovoltaics Literature Survey (No. 197)	7
Photovoltaic module antireflection coating degradation survey using color microscopy and spectral reflectance	7
Effect of TiO₂ layer thickness of TiO₂/NiO transparent photovoltaics	7
Anomaly detection in IR images of PV modules using supervised contrastive learning	7
LeTID mitigation via an adapted firing process in p‐type PERC cells from SMART cast‐monocrystalline, Czochralski and high‐performance multicrystalline silicon	7
Onymous early‐life performance degradation analysis of recent photovoltaic module technologies	7
Holistic design improvement of the PV module frame: Mechanical, optoelectrical, cost, and life cycle analysis	6
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 189)	6
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Photovoltaics literature survey (no. 178)	6
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 169)	6
Application of metal, metal‐oxide, and silicon‐oxide based intermediate reflective layers for current matching in autonomous high‐voltage multijunction photovoltaic devices	6
Issue Information	6
Note	6
Issue Information	6
Issue Information	6
Cover Image	5
Issue Information	5
Issue Information	5
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 183)	5
Study on selective emitter fabrication through an innovative pre‐diffusion process for enhanced efficiency in TOPCon solar cells	5
Life cycle assessment of photovoltaic module backsheets	5
Statistical analysis of 12 years of standardized accelerated aging in photovoltaic‐module certification tests	5
A hybrid technique employed for efficiency improvement of tandem perovskite solar cell	5
Cover Image	5
Cover Image	5
PHOTOVOLTAICS LITERATURE SURVEY (No. 195)	5
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 167)	5
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Evaluation of thermal boundary conditions in floating photovoltaic systems	5
Dynamic Solar Panel Orientation for Maximizing Efficiency Based on Trajectory of the Sun	5
Issue Information	5
Heat loss coefficients computed for floating PV modules	4
Sustainability evaluations on material consumption for terawatt‐scale manufacturing of silicon‐based tandem solar cells	4
Reliability of Commercial TOPCon PV Modules—An Extensive Comparative Study	4
Editorial: Passivating contact solar cells	4
Synergistic Effect of Ag, Sb Dual‐Cation Substitution on Cu₂ZnSn (S, Se)₄ High‐Efficiency Solar Cells	4
Modelling picosecond and nanosecond laser ablation for prediction of induced damage on textured SiN_x/Si surfaces of Si solar cells	4
Evolution of inverter ground impedances for PV modules with various backsheet types	4
Issue Information	4
Effect of inhomogeneous loads on the mechanics of PV modules	4
Issue Information	4
Issue Information	4
Proton radiation hardness of GaInAsP alloys for space solar cell applications	4
Selective contacts and fill factor limitations in heterojunction solar cells	4
Issue Information	4
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Dynamic material flow analysis of silicon photovoltaic modules to support a circular economy transition	4
Silicon solar cells with passivating contacts: Classification and performance	4
Failure diagnosis and trend‐based performance losses routines for the detection and classification of incidents in large‐scale photovoltaic systems	4
Large‐area monoPoly solar cells on 110 μm thin c–Si wafers with a rear n⁺poly‐Si/SiO_x stack deposited by inline plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposi	4
Transparent backsheets for bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules: Material characterization and accelerated laboratory testing	4
Decay mechanisms in CdS‐buffered Cu(In,Ga)Se₂thin‐film solar cells after exposure to thermal stress: Understanding the role of Na	4
Alternative alkali fluoride post‐deposition treatment under elemental sulfur atmosphere for high‐efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se₂‐based solar cells	4
Issue Information	4
Single‐Axis Tracking and Bifacial Gain on Sloping Terrain	3
Physics‐Based Machine Learning Electroluminescence Models for Fast yet Accurate Solar Cell Characterization	3
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Effects of (i)a‐Si:H deposition temperature on high‐efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells	3
Development of Novel Frontsheets With Protective Coatings to Increase the Durability and Reliability of Glass‐Free Lightweight PV Modules	3
Photovoltaics Literature Survey (No. 194)	3
Investigation of dominant degradation mode in field‐aged photovoltaic modules using novel differential current‐voltage analysis approach	3
Soiling mitigation potential of glass coatings and tracker routines in the desert climate of Saudi Arabia	3
The Influence of MoS₂ Thickness on the Efficiency of Solar Energy Conversion in TiO₂/MoS₂/P3HT Cells	3
Thermodynamic Limit on the Open Circuit Voltage of Solar Cells	3
Electrical properties of perovskite solar cells by illumination intensity and temperature‐dependent photoluminescence imaging	3
Crosslinking Behavior of Ethylene‐Vinyl Acetate Copolymer Encapsulants in Dependence of the Additive Composition	3
Rooftop PV Potential Determined by Backward Ray Tracing: A Case Study for the German Regions of Berlin, Cologne, and Hanover	3
Sustainable Solar Module Through the Substitution of Materials by Renewable Encapsulation, Recycled Backsheet, and Lead‐Free Interconnection	3
Unlocking the potential of boronsilicate glass passivation for industrial tunnel oxide passivated contact solar cells	3
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Understanding Heat Dissipation Factors for Fixed‐Tilt and Single‐Axis Tracked Open‐Rack Photovoltaic Modules: Experimental Insights	3
Estimation for iron contamination in Si solar cell by ideality factor: Deep neural network approach	3
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Issue Information	3
Photovoltaic system monitoring and fault detection using peer systems	3
PVSails: Harnessing Innovation With Vertical Bifacial PV Modules in Floating Photovoltaic Systems	3
Improved silicon optical parameters at 25°C, 295 K and 300 K including temperature coefficients	3
Impact of string connection and contact defects on electrical current distribution in solar cells and modules: A model validated by magnetic field imaging	3
Light management of PERC solar cell with the front and back dielectric multilayers	2
Very thin crystalline silicon cells: A way to improve the photovoltaic performance at elevated temperatures	2
Unveiling the mechanism of attaining high fill factor in silicon solar cells	2
High‐low refractive index stacks as antireflection coatings on triple‐junction solar cells	2
Silver‐lean metallization and hybrid contacts via plating on screen‐printed metal for silicon solar cells manufacturing	2
AlInP‐passivated III–V solar cells grown by dynamic hydride vapor‐phase epitaxy	2
Performance evaluation of IEC 60891:2021 procedures for correcting I–V curves of photovoltaic modules under healthy and faulty conditions	2
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 58)	2
Electrical Performance, Loss Analysis, and Efficiency Potential of Industrial‐Type PERC, TOPCon, and SHJ Solar Cells: A Comparative Study	2
How to make PERC suitable for perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells: A simulation study	2
Colored optic filters on c‐Si IBC solar cells for building integrated photovoltaic applications	2
Defect‐induced current coupling in multi‐junction solar cells revealed by absolute electroluminescence imaging	2
Highly efficient silicon heterojunction solar cells with ZnO:Al transparent electrode and transition metal doped indium oxide interfacial layer	2