GPS Solutions

Article	Citations
M_IFCB: a MATLAB-based software for multi‑GNSS inter‑frequency clock bias estimation and forecast	95
Rigorous and fast constraints transformations at the solution level: case studies for regional and global GNSS networks	79
Optimization of undifferenced and uncombined PPP stochastic model based on covariance component estimation	65
Attitude estimation in challenging environments by integrating low-cost dual-antenna GNSS and MEMS MARG sensor	57
Vehicle mounted single-antenna GNSS spoofing detection method based on motion trajectory	54
STL-GT: graph-structured learning based transformer for GNSS positioning enhancement in urban environments	50
Enhancing smartphone-based vehicle navigation in deep urban areas using machine learning-aided PPP-RTK	48
M_FCB: an open‑source software for multi‑GNSS fractional cycle bias estimation	46
Filter and piecewise smoother on the matrix Lie group	41
Tropospheric parameters from multi-GNSS and numerical weather models: case study of severe precipitation and flooding in Germany in July 2021	39
Adaptive displacement extraction from GNSS kinematic positioning using interactive multi-model Kalman filter	38
GNSS performance degradation under meaconing in civil aviation: pseudorange and position models	38
Robust train length calculation and monitoring method using GNSS multi-constellation moving-baseline positioning resolution	37
Modeling of regional GNSS network using adaptive boosting algorithm: a case study in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region	36
Multipath error extraction and mitigation based on refined wavelet level and threshold selection	36
High-precision velocity determination using mass-market Android GNSS measurements in the case of anomalous clock variations	36
A weighted mean temperature (Tm) augmentation method based on global latitude zone	36
Interannual variability of vertical land motion over High Mountain Central Asia from GPS and GRACE/GRACE-FO observations	34
MGAMNet: a multi-granularity aware and hierarchically mixed network for BDS-3 satellite clock bias prediction	34
Observations and positioning quality of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	33
Non-holonomic constraint (NHC)-assisted GNSS/SINS positioning using a vehicle motion state classification (VMSC)-based convolution neural network	32
Toward BDS/Galileo/GPS/QZSS triple-frequency PPP instantaneous integer ambiguity resolutions without atmosphere corrections	32
Impact of LEO configuration on GPS precise orbit determination with un-differenced ambiguity resolution	31
Performance assessment of GNSS-IR altimetry using signal-to-noise ratio data from a Huawei P30 smartphone	31
Design of a miniaturized geodetic-grade GNSS reference antenna covering Bs band	31

Estimating urban building height based on smartphone GNSS LOS/NLOS signal classification	30
A PPP kinematic application on historical GPS data: the reprocessing of the ITASE98-99 Antarctica mission height profiles	30
Optimization design of two-layer Walker constellation for LEO navigation augmentation using a dynamic multi-objective differential evolutionary algorithm based on elite guidance	29
Pseudorange characteristics of soil-transmitted GNSS signals and their application in soil moisture content retrieval	29
Analysis of periodic terms in the DYB frame for the solar radiation pressure model of BDS-3 MEO satellites	29
Multipath mitigation in GNSS precise point positioning using multipath hierarchy for changing environments	29
Estimation of the L5 antenna phase center corrections for GPS satellites	29
Analysis of GPS satellite flex power in 2023 and its effects on differential code bias variations	28
Detection of ionospheric disturbances with a sparse GNSS network in simulated near-real time Mw 7.8 and Mw 7.5 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence	28
Comparative study of ionospheric sporadic E occurrence rates using SNRnstd and S4 derived from GPS radio occultation	27
Estimation of ionospheric total electron content using GNSS observations derived from a smartphone	26
GNSS-RTK model: common-frequency versus mixed-frequency	26
POSGO: an open-source software for GNSS pseudorange positioning based on graph optimization	26
Ionospheric nonlinear interpolation model for Mid- and Low-latitude network RTK during solar maxima	26
High-spin-rate roll angle measurement method based on GPS using single patch antenna	26
Correction: Observations and positioning quality of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	25
OpATOM: an open-source toolbox for tomographic reconstruction of atmospheric wet refractivity model using GNSS observations	25
Precise orbit determination for LEO constellation based on onboard GNSS observations, inter-satellite links and ground tracking data	25
Quantum-secured time transfer between precise timing facilities: a field trial with simulated satellite links	24
Modified NTCM models driven by the mean of global ionospheric total electron content (TEC): MNTCM-SHC0 and MNTCM-GEC	24
Rapid detection of GNSS time synchronization attacks via the enhanced code and carrier Doppler consistency test	24
Spatial interpolation of surface point velocity using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model: a comparative study	23
Local mitigation of higher-order ionospheric effects in DFMC SBAS and system performance evaluation	23
Earth rotation parameters determination by integrating ground and LEO-spaceborne BDS-3 data	22
State-space-varied moving horizon estimation for real-time PPP in the challenging low-cost antenna and chipset	22
Stochastic modeling of the receiver clock parameter in Galileo-only and multi-GNSS PPP solutions	22
Precipitable water vapor fusion of MODIS and ERA5 based on convolutional neural network	22
Effect of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake on continuous GNSS station motions	21
Risk overbounding for ionospheric gradient monitor using geometry-free double differenced carrier phase measurements	21
Evaluation of GPS and BDS-3 broadcast earth rotation parameters: a contribution to the ephemeris rotation error	21
BDS time spoofing detection method based on the dynamic time warping	21
Galileo high accuracy service: initial definition and performance	21
Performance evaluation of Galileo high accuracy service for PPP ambiguity resolution	20
Effect of GNSS radio occultation observations on the prediction of the 2021 Henan rainstorm	20
A strategy to determine GRACE-FO kinematic orbit during the activation of flex power	20
Investigation into the nonlinear Kalman filter to correct the INS/GNSS integrated navigation system	20
An accurate train positioning method using tightly-coupled GPS + BDS PPP/IMU strategy	20
A modified adaptive factor-based Kalman filter for continuous urban navigation with low-cost sensors	20
Ionospheric disturbances of the January 15, 2022, Tonga volcanic eruption observed using the GNSS network in New Zealand	20
GPS data analysis and geodetic velocity field investigation in Greece, 2001–2016	20
GNSS direct position estimation-inspired positioning with pseudorange correlogram for urban navigation	20
A flexible ionospheric function model constructed with the aid of NeQuick model	19
Correction: Intercomparison of multi-GNSS signals characteristics acquired by a low-cost receiver connected to various low-cost antennas	19
Improving estimates of ocean tide loading displacements with multi-GNSS: a case study of Hong Kong	19
An effective automatic processing engine for improving the multi-GNSS constellation precise orbit prediction	19
Continuous time and frequency transfer achieved by multi-day GPS/Galileo/BDS integer precise point positioning	19
Connecting integer ambiguities to avoid reinitialization and keep VRS seamless switching for virtual grid-based NRTK	19
GPS phase center variation modeling using ambiguity-fixed carrier phase observations from low Earth orbit satellites	18
Assessment of the orbital variations of GNSS GEO and IGSO satellites for monitoring ionospheric TEC	18
Intercomparison of multi-GNSS signals characteristics acquired by a low-cost receiver connected to various low-cost antennas	18

Effects of equatorial plasma bubble-induced ionospheric gradients on GNSS PPP-RTK	18
Detection of GNSS antenna oscillatory motion and multipath conditions via exploitation of multipath-induced SNR variations	18
Correction: Performance assessment of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 satellite orbit using GNSS	18
A comparison of two PPP-RTK models: S-basis choice, network product precision, and user positioning performance	18
Characteristic analysis and calibration of CDMA and FDMA intra-system and inter-system biases in multi-GNSS precise point positioning	18
Precise orbit determination for the Haiyang-2D satellite using new onboard BDS-3 B1C/B2a signal measurements	17
Updated GNSS velocity solution in the Nordic and Baltic countries with a semi-automatic offset detection method	17
Advanced space rubidium atomic frequency standard for satellite navigation	17
Ocean swell height estimation from spaceborne GNSS-R data using hybrid deep learning model	17
Initial performance assessment of the single-frequency (SF) service with the BeiDou satellite-based augmentation system (BDSBAS)	17
An investigation of a voxel-based atmospheric pressure and temperature model	17
The 2024 GPS accuracy improvement initiative	17
Stochastic modeling with robust Kalman filter for real-time kinematic GPS single-frequency positioning	17
Dynamic displacement monitoring by integrating high-rate GNSS and accelerometer: on the possibility of downsampling GNSS data at reference stations	17
Clock bias prediction of navigation satellite based on BWO-CNN-BiGRU-attention model	16
Doppler frequency code division multiple access method for LEO mega-constellation navigation systems	16
ARAIM based on fault detector reuse for reducing computational load	16
Enhancing smartphone precise point positioning to sub-meter accuracy in suburban environments: a new stochastic model and outlier diagnosis	16
Analyzing the stochastic properties of code observation using various low-cost GNSS receivers	16
A significance test for mixed-integer models with application to GNSS	16
Evaluation of GNSS ionosphere prediction models Klobuchar-GPS, NTCM-G, and BDGIM: methodology and results for 2021–2024	16
Cloud-based near real-time sea level monitoring using GNSS reflectometry	16
Performance assessment of a low-complexity autoregressive Kalman filter for GNSS carrier tracking using real scintillation time series	16
Study of Chinese regional ionospheric TEC response to magnetic storms during April 23–25, 2023	15
A robust method for 3-D surface displacement fields combining GNSS and single-orbit InSAR measurements with directional constraint from elasticity model	15
GNSS meteorological ensemble tools (GMET): a free-access online service for GNSS meteorological applications	15
INSTINCT: a flow-based open-source PNT framework for satellite navigation and sensor fusion	15
Mitigation of multipath effects in multi-GNSS and multi-frequency precise point positioning with multipath hemispherical maps	15
A method for compensating prediction errors to improve the orbit prediction accuracy of Starlink satellites	15
Adaptive Kalman filter based on integer ambiguity validation in moving base RTK	15
Exploring the role of PPP–RTK network configuration: a balance of server budget and user performance	15
Pseudorange bias from inter-signal interference: the QZSS L5-L5S case	15
Offsets in the EPN station position time series resulting from antenna/radome changes: PCC type-dependent model analyses	15
Inter-system biases solution strategies in multi-GNSS kinematic precise point positioning	15
Performance assessment of the BDS-3 PPP-B2b service for real-time earthquake source description: a case study for the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo earthquake	15
Cross-type representation learning in GNSS: a new approach for enhanced SPP positioning through pseudorange residuals	15
An improved BDS-3 PPP-B2b positioning approach by estimating signal in space range errors	15
PPP-B2b-RTK: a PPP-B2b augmentation method by using the SSR corrections from a single reference station	15
Enhancing FAIRness of GNSS RINEX data: A metadata-driven approach	15
A systematic approach for identifying optimal azimuth and elevation angle masks in GNSS-IR: validation through a sea level experiment	15
BDS PPP-AR positioning performance with ionospheric disturbances at low-latitudes	15
HASPPP: an open-source Galileo HAS embeddable RTKLIB decoding package	15
A real-time accuracy prediction model on time-relative positioning method considering the correlation of position increment errors	14
Spaceborne GNSS-R soil moisture retrieval from GPS/BDS-3/Galileo satellites	14
Prediction of BDS-3 satellite clock bias based on EWT-LSTM ensemble model	14
Modeling seasonal oscillations in GNSS time series with Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition	14
A robust signal tracking algorithm for GPS and NavIC constellations	14
Modeling wide-area tropospheric delay corrections for fast PPP ambiguity resolution	14
Optical crosslinks and satellite synchronization for GNSS, communications, and beyond	14
Modeling tropospheric zenith wet delays in the Chinese mainland based on machine learning	14
Global zenith wet delay modeling with surface meteorological data and machine learning	14
Performance of the local ionospheric model in resolving GPS baseline ambiguity over the Malaysian region	14
Undifferenced processing of COSMIC-2 radio occultation measurements with 1-Hz LEO clock corrections	14
TEC map completion using a deep learning approach with prior knowledge	14
Classifying continuous GNSS stations using integrated machine learning	14
5G Impacts analysis on the Beidou RDSS system in 2.5 GHz band	14
Refinement of the solar radiation pressure model for the BDS-3 satellites with considering illuminated antennas	13
C/N0 degradation in presence of chirp interference: theoretical model	13
Correction: A meta-classification-based approach for outlier identification in GNSS networks	13
A global zenith tropospheric delay model with ERA5 and GNSS-based ZTD difference correction	13
Performance assessment of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 satellite orbit using GNSS	13
Performance evaluation of BDS-2/BDS-3 combined precise time transfer with B1I/B2I/B3I/B1C/B2a five-frequency observations	13
Precise orbit determination for BDS-3 GEO satellites enhanced by intersatellite links	13
Decimeter-level vehicular positioning in urban environments with factor graph-based PPP and robust regression	13
GNSS-RTK time series denoising based on deep learning and mode decomposition techniques for offshore platform	13
Detecting outliers in local ionospheric model for GNSS precise positioning	13
Graph-enabled spatio-temporal transformer for ionospheric prediction	13
GREAT-PVT: an open‑source software for multi-frequency and multi-GNSS PPP-AR and RTK	12
Precise point positioning with an adaptive geometry-free cycle slip detection threshold under complex ionospheric conditions	12
Open-source software for multi-GNSS inter-frequency clock bias estimation	12
Burst Doppler tracking and measurement in LEO-PNT base station receivers with ephemeris assistance	12
A new global TEC empirical model based on fusing multi-source data	12
Evaluation of real-time variometric approach and real-time precise point positioning in monitoring dynamic displacement based on high-rate (20 Hz) GPS Observations	12
Outliers and uncertainties in GNSS ZTD estimates from double-difference processing and precise point positioning	12
Beidou UPD estimation and assessment based on LEO-assisted regional stations observations	12
Assessment of regularization techniques in GNSS tropospheric tomography based on single- and dual-frequency observations	12
A method to assess the quality of GNSS satellite phase bias products	12
A weighted mean temperature model using principal component analysis for Greenland	12
Fast determination of geometric matrix in ionosphere tomographic inversion with unevenly spaced curvilinear voxels	12
Fast satellite selection algorithm for GNSS multi-system based on Sherman–Morrison formula	12

Velocity estimation method for high-spinning vehicle based on a side-mounted single patch antenna	12
Analyzing the impact of geometric constraints on GNSS positioning accuracy using realistic stochastic model	12
Effect of the polar cap ionospheric sporadic-E layer on GNSS-based positioning: a case study at Resolute Bay, Canada, September 5, 2012	12
LSTM-based receiver clock modeling and prediction for GNSS urban positioning	12
Modeling range biases from SLR residuals to GNSS-based orbits of active Low Earth Orbiters – insights from a study based on a dozen of satellites and 21 years of data	11
An open-source software package for Precise Point Positioning: raPPPid	11
Enhancing PPP-RTK performance at low latitudes through mitigation of ionospheric scintillation effects	11
Study of ionospheric responses over China during September 7–8, 2017 using GPS, Beidou (GEO), and Swarm satellite observations	11
Performance verification of GNSS/5G tightly coupled fusion positioning in urban occluded environments with a smartphone	11
Assessment of sub-daily ocean tide loading errors and mitigation of their propagation in multi-GNSS position time series	11
An INS-assisted vector tracking receiver with multipath error estimation for dense urban canyons	11
Estimation of BDS-2/3 phase observable-specific signal bias aided by double-differenced model: an exploration of fast BDS-2/3 real-time PPP	11
GPS signal acquisition based on deep convolutional neural network and post-correlation methods	11
Anomalous ambiguity detection between reference stations based on Box-Cox transformation of tropospheric residual estimation	11
A new method for fault identification in real-time integrity monitoring of autonomous vehicles positioning using PPP-RTK	11
An adaptive hybrid blanking algorithm to mitigate the DME pulse interference on BDS B2a receivers	11
Sea target detection using the GNSS reflection signals	11
Integrated satellite clock and code/phase bias combination in the third IGS reprocessing campaign	11
Interactive multiple-model vertical vibration detection of structures based on high-frequency GNSS observations	11
DOA tracking using an improved direction lock loop based on a three-element L-shaped array	11
Assessing all-frequency GPS/Galileo/BDS PPP-RTK in GNSS challenging environments	11
Exploring characteristics of BDS-3 PPP-B2b augmentation messages by a three-step analysis procedure	11
Phase compression-holding modulation for C-band navigation	11
GNSS spoofing detection using a fuzzy classifier based on time–frequency analysis of the autocorrelation function	10
GNSS water vapor tomography based on Kalman filter with optimized noise covariance	10
Enhancing the BDGIM model for ionospheric delay correction using GNSS LEO occultation data during high solar activity	10
Fast GNSS spoofing detection based on LSTM-detect model	10
A two-step non-nominal troposphere monitor for GBAS	10
PPP-ARISEN: an open-source precise point positioning software with ambiguity resolution for interdisciplinary research of seismology, geodesy and geodynamics	10
Characteristics of Beidou-2 flex power and its impact on precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution	10
Implementation of solution separation-based Kalman filter integrity monitoring against all-source faults for multi-sensor integrated navigation	10
Timekeeping algorithm based on the cooperative covariance matrix of clock differences	10
GHASP: a Galileo HAS parser	10
Impact of Beidou-3 upgrades and maintenance on code/phase biases estimation and PPP ambiguity resolution	10
Precise disciplining of a chip-scale atomic clock using PPP with broadcast ephemerides	10
Non-uniform and Non-linear background correction methods for ionospheric TEC changes detection associated with solar eclipse	10
Advanced, 3D map aided (3DMA) GNSS simulations for NRTK performance prediction	10
Real-time multipath mitigation based on spatiotemporal correlations in BDS precise point positioning	10
BDS-3 PPP-B2b and Galileo HAS tightly integrated real-time PPP	10
Multi-constellation single-frequency ionospheric-free precise point positioning with low-cost receivers	10
A DIA method based on maximum a posteriori estimate for multiple outliers	10
Construction of a meteorological application system based on BDS ground-based augmentation network and water vapor products validation	10
GNSS position-aided delay-locked loops for accurate urban navigation	10
Quality monitoring of real-time PPP service using isolation forest-based residual anomaly detection	10
Precise orbit determination of LEO satellites: a systematic review	10
NLOS signal detection and correction for smartphone using convolutional neural network and variational mode decomposition in urban environment	10
Estimating sea surface swell height using a hybrid model combining CNN, ConvLSTM, and FCN based on spaceborne GNSS-R data from the CYGNSS mission	10
Snow depth retrieval using GPS signal-to-noise ratio data based on improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition	10
Can the phase of SNR oscillations in GNSS-IR be used to estimate sea-level height?	10
Maneuver detection and estimation for LEO real-time precise orbit determination with GNSS observations	10
Improving performances of GNSS positioning correction using multiview deep reinforcement learning with sparse representation	10
A design of base-station-aided LEO/GPS joint positioning framework	10
Enhancing multi-GNSS positioning performances in harsh environments via a refined joint troposphere-multipath hemispherical map	10
Simultaneous estimation of inter-frequency clock biases and clock offsets with triple-frequency GPS data: undifferenced and uncombined methodology and impact analysis	10
Innovation-based Kalman filter fault detection and exclusion method against all-source faults for tightly coupled GNSS/INS/Vision integration	10
Satellite laser ranging to GNSS-based Swarm orbits with handling of systematic errors	10
Robust unambiguous ranging technique for BDS-3 B1 wideband composite signals	9
Design and deployment of a hybrid neural network for real-time GPS correction in slow moving, low SWaP, UAV flight systems	9
A GNSS interference source tracking method using the continuous-discrete Gaussian kernel quadrature Kalman filter	9
Global single-epoch narrow-lane ambiguity resolution with multi-constellation and multi-frequency precise point positioning	9
An enhanced positioning algorithm module for low-cost GNSS/MEMS integration based on matching straight lane lines in HD maps	9
Vector angle grouping-based solution separation for multipath/NLOS detection and exclusion with the enhancement of doppler test	9
Accurate analytical non-gravitational force model for precise orbit determination of QZS-1, 2, and 4	9
Can we measure sea surface wind speed with a smartphone?	9
Evaluation of tropospheric estimates from CentipedeRTK, a collaborative network of low-cost GNSS stations	9
GLONASS-K2 signal analysis	9
Multi-GNSS PPP solutions with different handling of system-specific receiver clock parameters and inter-system biases	9
A system for measuring the scintillation index based on the results of monitoring of small-scale fluctuations in the total electron content of the ionosphere	9
Long-term performance analysis of BDS-3 precise point positioning (PPP-B2b) service	9
A low-cost integrated navigation system based on factor graph nonlinear optimization for autonomous flight	9
New time-differenced carrier phase approach to GNSS/INS integration	9
Analysis of preliminary results from distributed autonomous timekeeping on Beidou-3 satellites	9
Influence of flooding on GPS carrier-to-noise ratio and water content variation analysis: a case study in Zhengzhou, China	9
Improving precise point positioning (PPP) performance with best integer equivariant (BIE) estimator	9
Facilitated interferometric reflectometry evaluation and its application in monitoring three typhoon storm surges in Hong Kong with multi-GNSS constellation	9
Investigating temporal and spatial patterns in the stochastic component of ZTD time series over Europe	9
A two-antenna GNSS approach to determine soil moisture content and vegetation growth status	9
Reduction research on performance index system of satellite navigation system spoofing	9
Employing artificial intelligence in Galileo orbital error prediction for real-time offline positioning	9
Aligning the Galileo code biases on the pilot and mixed signal channels to improve precise point positioning	9
PPP ambiguity resolution based on factor graph optimization	9
Three-dimensional ionospheric tomography based on compressed sensing	9
Multipath hemispherical map model with geographic cut-off elevation constraints for real-time GNSS monitoring in complex environments	9
An ambiguity subset selection algorithm based on the variation of check factors for BDS-3/BDS-2/GPS precise point positioning	9
Enhancing sea level inversion accuracy with a novel phase-based error correction method and multi-GNSS combination approach	9
Real-time cloud computing of GNSS measurements from smartphones and mobile devices for enhanced positioning and navigation	9
Comparison and evaluation of carrier phase PPP and single difference time transfer with multi-GNSS ambiguity resolution	9
Application of combination of denoising methods and Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition in GNSS time series analysis	8
An advanced regional integrated water vapor estimation model utilizing least squares support vector machine for the upper Rhine graben region	8
Mitigating the impacts of ionospheric irregularities on GPS precise positioning by refined cycle slip threshold	8
Long-term impact of ionospheric scintillations on kinematic precise point positioning: seasonal and solar activity dependence over Indian low latitudes	8
A refined zenith tropospheric delay model for Mainland China based on the global pressure and temperature 3 (GPT3) model and random forest	8
An improved NeQuick-G global ionospheric TEC model with a machine learning approach	8
Development of a hybrid tomography model based on principal component analysis of the atmospheric dynamics and GPS tracking data	8
GNSS carrier phase time-variant observable-specific signal bias (OSB) handling: an absolute bias perspective in multi-frequency PPP	8