GPS Solutions

Article	Citations
M_IFCB: a MATLAB-based software for multi‑GNSS inter‑frequency clock bias estimation and forecast	97
Rigorous and fast constraints transformations at the solution level: case studies for regional and global GNSS networks	82
Vehicle mounted single-antenna GNSS spoofing detection method based on motion trajectory	69
Filter and piecewise smoother on the matrix Lie group	59
Evaluation of uncalibrated phase delays estimated based on orbit determination, clock estimation, and precise point positioning	52
MGAMNet: a multi-granularity aware and hierarchically mixed network for BDS-3 satellite clock bias prediction	46
STL-GT: graph-structured learning based transformer for GNSS positioning enhancement in urban environments	41
Robust train length calculation and monitoring method using GNSS multi-constellation moving-baseline positioning resolution	40
Attitude estimation in challenging environments by integrating low-cost dual-antenna GNSS and MEMS MARG sensor	40
Performance assessment of GNSS-IR altimetry using signal-to-noise ratio data from a Huawei P30 smartphone	40
Enhancing smartphone-based vehicle navigation in deep urban areas using machine learning-aided PPP-RTK	39
Interannual variability of vertical land motion over High Mountain Central Asia from GPS and GRACE/GRACE-FO observations	38
Adaptive displacement extraction from GNSS kinematic positioning using interactive multi-model Kalman filter	38
Tropospheric parameters from multi-GNSS and numerical weather models: case study of severe precipitation and flooding in Germany in July 2021	37
GNSS performance degradation under meaconing in civil aviation: pseudorange and position models	37
High-precision velocity determination using mass-market Android GNSS measurements in the case of anomalous clock variations	36
Non-holonomic constraint (NHC)-assisted GNSS/SINS positioning using a vehicle motion state classification (VMSC)-based convolution neural network	34
A weighted mean temperature (Tm) augmentation method based on global latitude zone	33
Modeling of regional GNSS network using adaptive boosting algorithm: a case study in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region	32
Multipath error extraction and mitigation based on refined wavelet level and threshold selection	32
Observations and positioning quality of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	32
Optimization of undifferenced and uncombined PPP stochastic model based on covariance component estimation	32
Toward BDS/Galileo/GPS/QZSS triple-frequency PPP instantaneous integer ambiguity resolutions without atmosphere corrections	31
M_FCB: an open‑source software for multi‑GNSS fractional cycle bias estimation	31
Design of a miniaturized geodetic-grade GNSS reference antenna covering Bs band	30

Analysis of periodic terms in the DYB frame for the solar radiation pressure model of BDS-3 MEO satellites	30
Impact of LEO configuration on GPS precise orbit determination with un-differenced ambiguity resolution	30
Optimization design of two-layer Walker constellation for LEO navigation augmentation using a dynamic multi-objective differential evolutionary algorithm based on elite guidance	29
Pseudorange characteristics of soil-transmitted GNSS signals and their application in soil moisture content retrieval	29
High-spin-rate roll angle measurement method based on GPS using single patch antenna	28
POSGO: an open-source software for GNSS pseudorange positioning based on graph optimization	28
Ionospheric nonlinear interpolation model for Mid- and Low-latitude network RTK during solar maxima	27
OpATOM: an open-source toolbox for tomographic reconstruction of atmospheric wet refractivity model using GNSS observations	27
Estimation of ionospheric total electron content using GNSS observations derived from a smartphone	27
Geocenter motion based on GNSS: a comparison between low-degree surface load coefficients and network shift parameters	26
Precise orbit determination for LEO constellation based on onboard GNSS observations, inter-satellite links and ground tracking data	26
Analysis of GPS satellite flex power in 2023 and its effects on differential code bias variations	26
GNSS-RTK model: common-frequency versus mixed-frequency	26
An integrated VKA-LSTM model for GNSS height time series prediction	26
Comparative study of ionospheric sporadic E occurrence rates using SNRnstd and S4 derived from GPS radio occultation	26
Estimating urban building height based on smartphone GNSS LOS/NLOS signal classification	25
A PPP kinematic application on historical GPS data: the reprocessing of the ITASE98-99 Antarctica mission height profiles	25
Multipath mitigation in GNSS precise point positioning using multipath hierarchy for changing environments	24
A neural network model for satellite clock bias prediction via spatiotemporal feature integration	24
Rapid detection of GNSS time synchronization attacks via the enhanced code and carrier Doppler consistency test	24
Estimation of the L5 antenna phase center corrections for GPS satellites	24
Modified NTCM models driven by the mean of global ionospheric total electron content (TEC): MNTCM-SHC0 and MNTCM-GEC	24
Spatial interpolation of surface point velocity using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model: a comparative study	23
Correction: Observations and positioning quality of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	23
Quantum-secured time transfer between precise timing facilities: a field trial with simulated satellite links	23
Detection of ionospheric disturbances with a sparse GNSS network in simulated near-real time Mw 7.8 and Mw 7.5 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence	23
Effect of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake on continuous GNSS station motions	22
Evaluation of GPS and BDS-3 broadcast earth rotation parameters: a contribution to the ephemeris rotation error	22
Earth rotation parameters determination by integrating ground and LEO-spaceborne BDS-3 data	22
BDS time spoofing detection method based on the dynamic time warping	21
Risk overbounding for ionospheric gradient monitor using geometry-free double differenced carrier phase measurements	21
Investigation into the nonlinear Kalman filter to correct the INS/GNSS integrated navigation system	21
A modified adaptive factor-based Kalman filter for continuous urban navigation with low-cost sensors	20
Ionospheric disturbances of the January 15, 2022, Tonga volcanic eruption observed using the GNSS network in New Zealand	20
An accurate train positioning method using tightly-coupled GPS + BDS PPP/IMU strategy	20
Stochastic modeling of the receiver clock parameter in Galileo-only and multi-GNSS PPP solutions	20
GPS data analysis and geodetic velocity field investigation in Greece, 2001–2016	20
Local mitigation of higher-order ionospheric effects in DFMC SBAS and system performance evaluation	20
Galileo high accuracy service: initial definition and performance	20
Effect of GNSS radio occultation observations on the prediction of the 2021 Henan rainstorm	19
State-space-varied moving horizon estimation for real-time PPP in the challenging low-cost antenna and chipset	19
A strategy to determine GRACE-FO kinematic orbit during the activation of flex power	19
GNSS direct position estimation-inspired positioning with pseudorange correlogram for urban navigation	19
Performance evaluation of Galileo high accuracy service for PPP ambiguity resolution	19
Precipitable water vapor fusion of MODIS and ERA5 based on convolutional neural network	19
An effective automatic processing engine for improving the multi-GNSS constellation precise orbit prediction	18
A comparison of two PPP-RTK models: S-basis choice, network product precision, and user positioning performance	18
The 2024 GPS accuracy improvement initiative	18
Advanced space rubidium atomic frequency standard for satellite navigation	18
A flexible ionospheric function model constructed with the aid of NeQuick model	18

Connecting integer ambiguities to avoid reinitialization and keep VRS seamless switching for virtual grid-based NRTK	18
GPS phase center variation modeling using ambiguity-fixed carrier phase observations from low Earth orbit satellites	18
Assessment of the orbital variations of GNSS GEO and IGSO satellites for monitoring ionospheric TEC	18
Correction: Intercomparison of multi-GNSS signals characteristics acquired by a low-cost receiver connected to various low-cost antennas	18
Detection of GNSS antenna oscillatory motion and multipath conditions via exploitation of multipath-induced SNR variations	18
Continuous time and frequency transfer achieved by multi-day GPS/Galileo/BDS integer precise point positioning	18
Effects of equatorial plasma bubble-induced ionospheric gradients on GNSS PPP-RTK	18
An investigation of a voxel-based atmospheric pressure and temperature model	17
Clock bias prediction of navigation satellite based on BWO-CNN-BiGRU-attention model	17
Characteristic analysis and calibration of CDMA and FDMA intra-system and inter-system biases in multi-GNSS precise point positioning	17
Precise orbit determination for the Haiyang-2D satellite using new onboard BDS-3 B1C/B2a signal measurements	17
Cloud-based near real-time sea level monitoring using GNSS reflectometry	17
Evaluation of GNSS ionosphere prediction models Klobuchar-GPS, NTCM-G, and BDGIM: methodology and results for 2021–2024	17
Improved tightly-coupled PPP/MEMS-INS integration with adaptive code pseudorange weighting and LSTM-based smoothing for urban canyon navigation	17
Initial performance assessment of the single-frequency (SF) service with the BeiDou satellite-based augmentation system (BDSBAS)	17
Ocean swell height estimation from spaceborne GNSS-R data using hybrid deep learning model	17
Correction: Performance assessment of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 satellite orbit using GNSS	17
Pseudorange bias from inter-signal interference: the QZSS L5-L5S case	16
Adaptive Kalman filter based on integer ambiguity validation in moving base RTK	16
Mitigation of multipath effects in multi-GNSS and multi-frequency precise point positioning with multipath hemispherical maps	16
Enhancing smartphone precise point positioning to sub-meter accuracy in suburban environments: a new stochastic model and outlier diagnosis	16
Robust GNSS spoofing detector using optimized machine learning model on embedded platforms	16
Analyzing the stochastic properties of code observation using various low-cost GNSS receivers	16
A method for compensating prediction errors to improve the orbit prediction accuracy of Starlink satellites	16
Inter-system biases solution strategies in multi-GNSS kinematic precise point positioning	16
Stochastic modeling with robust Kalman filter for real-time kinematic GPS single-frequency positioning	16
Dynamic displacement monitoring by integrating high-rate GNSS and accelerometer: on the possibility of downsampling GNSS data at reference stations	16
HASPPP: an open-source Galileo HAS embeddable RTKLIB decoding package	16
Enhancing FAIRness of GNSS RINEX data: A metadata-driven approach	16
Cross-type representation learning in GNSS: a new approach for enhanced SPP positioning through pseudorange residuals	16
Offsets in the EPN station position time series resulting from antenna/radome changes: PCC type-dependent model analyses	16
Intercomparison of multi-GNSS signals characteristics acquired by a low-cost receiver connected to various low-cost antennas	16
Doppler frequency code division multiple access method for LEO mega-constellation navigation systems	16
A significance test for mixed-integer models with application to GNSS	15
A robust method for 3-D surface displacement fields combining GNSS and single-orbit InSAR measurements with directional constraint from elasticity model	15
GNSS meteorological ensemble tools (GMET): a free-access online service for GNSS meteorological applications	15
Performance assessment of the BDS-3 PPP-B2b service for real-time earthquake source description: a case study for the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo earthquake	15
INSTINCT: a flow-based open-source PNT framework for satellite navigation and sensor fusion	15
A systematic approach for identifying optimal azimuth and elevation angle masks in GNSS-IR: validation through a sea level experiment	15
Exploring the role of PPP–RTK network configuration: a balance of server budget and user performance	15
ARAIM based on fault detector reuse for reducing computational load	15
BDS PPP-AR positioning performance with ionospheric disturbances at low-latitudes	15
Modeling wide-area tropospheric delay corrections for fast PPP ambiguity resolution	15
PPP-B2b-RTK: a PPP-B2b augmentation method by using the SSR corrections from a single reference station	14
Precise point positioning with an adaptive geometry-free cycle slip detection threshold under complex ionospheric conditions	14
Correction: A meta-classification-based approach for outlier identification in GNSS networks	14
Decimeter-level vehicular positioning in urban environments with factor graph-based PPP and robust regression	14
Study of Chinese regional ionospheric TEC response to magnetic storms during April 23–25, 2023	14
Determination of multi-GNSS differential code biases with satellite antenna phase center corrections	14
Optical crosslinks and satellite synchronization for GNSS, communications, and beyond	14
Fast satellite selection algorithm for GNSS multi-system based on Sherman–Morrison formula	14
Refinement of the solar radiation pressure model for the BDS-3 satellites with considering illuminated antennas	14
An improved BDS-3 PPP-B2b positioning approach by estimating signal in space range errors	14
A robust signal tracking algorithm for GPS and NavIC constellations	14
Performance of the local ionospheric model in resolving GPS baseline ambiguity over the Malaysian region	14
Prediction of BDS-3 satellite clock bias based on EWT-LSTM ensemble model	14
5G Impacts analysis on the Beidou RDSS system in 2.5 GHz band	14
Modeling tropospheric zenith wet delays in the Chinese mainland based on machine learning	13
Outliers and uncertainties in GNSS ZTD estimates from double-difference processing and precise point positioning	13
Pseudorange error prediction and correction using PSO-KELM for smartphone GNSS urban positioning	13
Undifferenced processing of COSMIC-2 radio occultation measurements with 1-Hz LEO clock corrections	13
C/N0 degradation in presence of chirp interference: theoretical model	13
Precise orbit determination for BDS-3 GEO satellites enhanced by intersatellite links	13
Beidou UPD estimation and assessment based on LEO-assisted regional stations observations	13
TEC map completion using a deep learning approach with prior knowledge	13
GNSS-RTK time series denoising based on deep learning and mode decomposition techniques for offshore platform	13
A global zenith tropospheric delay model with ERA5 and GNSS-based ZTD difference correction	13
Detecting outliers in local ionospheric model for GNSS precise positioning	13
Modeling seasonal oscillations in GNSS time series with Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition	13
Performance evaluation of BDS-2/BDS-3 combined precise time transfer with B1I/B2I/B3I/B1C/B2a five-frequency observations	13
A real-time accuracy prediction model on time-relative positioning method considering the correlation of position increment errors	13
Performance assessment of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 satellite orbit using GNSS	13
Spaceborne GNSS-R soil moisture retrieval from GPS/BDS-3/Galileo satellites	12
Classifying continuous GNSS stations using integrated machine learning	12
Performance verification of GNSS/5G tightly coupled fusion positioning in urban occluded environments with a smartphone	12
A weighted mean temperature model using principal component analysis for Greenland	12
Assessing all-frequency GPS/Galileo/BDS PPP-RTK in GNSS challenging environments	12
GREAT-PVT: an open‑source software for multi-frequency and multi-GNSS PPP-AR and RTK	12
Global zenith wet delay modeling with surface meteorological data and machine learning	12
Burst Doppler tracking and measurement in LEO-PNT base station receivers with ephemeris assistance	12

Analyzing the impact of geometric constraints on GNSS positioning accuracy using realistic stochastic model	12
Open-source software for multi-GNSS inter-frequency clock bias estimation	12
A new method for fault identification in real-time integrity monitoring of autonomous vehicles positioning using PPP-RTK	12
Graph-enabled spatio-temporal transformer for ionospheric prediction	12
Effect of the polar cap ionospheric sporadic-E layer on GNSS-based positioning: a case study at Resolute Bay, Canada, September 5, 2012	12
Evaluation of real-time variometric approach and real-time precise point positioning in monitoring dynamic displacement based on high-rate (20 Hz) GPS Observations	12
A new global TEC empirical model based on fusing multi-source data	12
Exploring characteristics of BDS-3 PPP-B2b augmentation messages by a three-step analysis procedure	12
Phase compression-holding modulation for C-band navigation	11
Construction of a meteorological application system based on BDS ground-based augmentation network and water vapor products validation	11
LSTM-based receiver clock modeling and prediction for GNSS urban positioning	11
DOA tracking using an improved direction lock loop based on a three-element L-shaped array	11
An open-source software package for Precise Point Positioning: raPPPid	11
Implementation of solution separation-based Kalman filter integrity monitoring against all-source faults for multi-sensor integrated navigation	11
GNSS spoofing detection using a fuzzy classifier based on time–frequency analysis of the autocorrelation function	11
Anomalous ambiguity detection between reference stations based on Box-Cox transformation of tropospheric residual estimation	11
Impact of Beidou-3 upgrades and maintenance on code/phase biases estimation and PPP ambiguity resolution	11
Simultaneous estimation of inter-frequency clock biases and clock offsets with triple-frequency GPS data: undifferenced and uncombined methodology and impact analysis	11
An INS-assisted vector tracking receiver with multipath error estimation for dense urban canyons	11
GNSS position-aided delay-locked loops for accurate urban navigation	11
Assessment of sub-daily ocean tide loading errors and mitigation of their propagation in multi-GNSS position time series	11
Maneuver detection and estimation for LEO real-time precise orbit determination with GNSS observations	11
Study of ionospheric responses over China during September 7–8, 2017 using GPS, Beidou (GEO), and Swarm satellite observations	11
Sea target detection using the GNSS reflection signals	11
Characteristics of Beidou-2 flex power and its impact on precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution	11
Can the phase of SNR oscillations in GNSS-IR be used to estimate sea-level height?	11
A DIA method based on maximum a posteriori estimate for multiple outliers	11
Integrated satellite clock and code/phase bias combination in the third IGS reprocessing campaign	11
A design of base-station-aided LEO/GPS joint positioning framework	11
Enhancing PPP-RTK performance at low latitudes through mitigation of ionospheric scintillation effects	11
A method to assess the quality of GNSS satellite phase bias products	11
Modeling range biases from SLR residuals to GNSS-based orbits of active Low Earth Orbiters – insights from a study based on a dozen of satellites and 21 years of data	11
Velocity estimation method for high-spinning vehicle based on a side-mounted single patch antenna	11
An adaptive hybrid blanking algorithm to mitigate the DME pulse interference on BDS B2a receivers	11
Enhancing the BDGIM model for ionospheric delay correction using GNSS LEO occultation data during high solar activity	11
Snow depth retrieval using GPS signal-to-noise ratio data based on improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition	11
Estimation of BDS-2/3 phase observable-specific signal bias aided by double-differenced model: an exploration of fast BDS-2/3 real-time PPP	11
Advanced, 3D map aided (3DMA) GNSS simulations for NRTK performance prediction	11
Interactive multiple-model vertical vibration detection of structures based on high-frequency GNSS observations	11
GPS signal acquisition based on deep convolutional neural network and post-correlation methods	11
Enhancing multi-GNSS positioning performances in harsh environments via a refined joint troposphere-multipath hemispherical map	11
Non-uniform and Non-linear background correction methods for ionospheric TEC changes detection associated with solar eclipse	10
Precise orbit determination of LEO satellites: a systematic review	10
GNSS water vapor tomography based on Kalman filter with optimized noise covariance	10
A two-step non-nominal troposphere monitor for GBAS	10
PPP ambiguity resolution based on factor graph optimization	10
Multipath hemispherical map model with geographic cut-off elevation constraints for real-time GNSS monitoring in complex environments	10
Accurate analytical non-gravitational force model for precise orbit determination of QZS-1, 2, and 4	10
Innovation-based Kalman filter fault detection and exclusion method against all-source faults for tightly coupled GNSS/INS/Vision integration	10
Quality monitoring of real-time PPP service using isolation forest-based residual anomaly detection	10
GHASP: a Galileo HAS parser	10
NLOS signal detection and correction for smartphone using convolutional neural network and variational mode decomposition in urban environment	10
Satellite laser ranging to GNSS-based Swarm orbits with handling of systematic errors	10
Precise disciplining of a chip-scale atomic clock using PPP with broadcast ephemerides	10
Estimating sea surface swell height using a hybrid model combining CNN, ConvLSTM, and FCN based on spaceborne GNSS-R data from the CYGNSS mission	10
Network-based precise orbit determination of broadband LEO satellites using Doppler-shift measurements	10
Enhancing sea level inversion accuracy with a novel phase-based error correction method and multi-GNSS combination approach	10
Can we measure sea surface wind speed with a smartphone?	10
Three-dimensional ionospheric tomography based on compressed sensing	10
PPP-ARISEN: an open-source precise point positioning software with ambiguity resolution for interdisciplinary research of seismology, geodesy and geodynamics	10
Improving precise point positioning (PPP) performance with best integer equivariant (BIE) estimator	10
Real-time multipath mitigation based on spatiotemporal correlations in BDS precise point positioning	10
Facilitated interferometric reflectometry evaluation and its application in monitoring three typhoon storm surges in Hong Kong with multi-GNSS constellation	10
Timekeeping algorithm based on the cooperative covariance matrix of clock differences	10
Analysis of preliminary results from distributed autonomous timekeeping on Beidou-3 satellites	10
An enhanced positioning algorithm module for low-cost GNSS/MEMS integration based on matching straight lane lines in HD maps	10
Influence of flooding on GPS carrier-to-noise ratio and water content variation analysis: a case study in Zhengzhou, China	10
Fast GNSS spoofing detection based on LSTM-detect model	10
BDS-3 PPP-B2b and Galileo HAS tightly integrated real-time PPP	10
Improving performances of GNSS positioning correction using multiview deep reinforcement learning with sparse representation	10
A GNSS interference source tracking method using the continuous-discrete Gaussian kernel quadrature Kalman filter	9
An ambiguity subset selection algorithm based on the variation of check factors for BDS-3/BDS-2/GPS precise point positioning	9
Multi-GNSS PPP solutions with different handling of system-specific receiver clock parameters and inter-system biases	9
Aligning the Galileo code biases on the pilot and mixed signal channels to improve precise point positioning	9
Low-degree gravity field coefficients based on inverse GNSS method: insights into hydrological and ice mass change studies	9
Estimating ionospheric power spectral density for long-range RTK positioning using uncombined observations	9
GLONASS-K2 signal analysis	9
Investigating temporal and spatial patterns in the stochastic component of ZTD time series over Europe	9
Reduction research on performance index system of satellite navigation system spoofing	9
Employing artificial intelligence in Galileo orbital error prediction for real-time offline positioning	9
A system for measuring the scintillation index based on the results of monitoring of small-scale fluctuations in the total electron content of the ionosphere	9
Global single-epoch narrow-lane ambiguity resolution with multi-constellation and multi-frequency precise point positioning	9
An optimal method for GNSS water vapor tomography based on parameter adaptation	9
Distinguishing ionospheric scintillation from multipath in GNSS signals using geodetic receivers	9
Assessment of Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) test signals and preliminary positioning performance	9
Long-term performance analysis of BDS-3 precise point positioning (PPP-B2b) service	9
Feature-based GNSS positioning error consistency optimization for GNSS/INS integrated system	9
Spatiotemporal accuracy evaluation and errors analysis of global VTEC maps using a simulation technique	9
New time-differenced carrier phase approach to GNSS/INS integration	9
Evaluation of tropospheric estimates from CentipedeRTK, a collaborative network of low-cost GNSS stations	9
Vector angle grouping-based solution separation for multipath/NLOS detection and exclusion with the enhancement of doppler test	9
Enhanced real-time global ionospheric maps using machine learning	9
Real-time cloud computing of GNSS measurements from smartphones and mobile devices for enhanced positioning and navigation	9
Regional ionospheric correction generation for GNSS PPP-RTK: theoretical analyses and a new interpolation method	9
A real-time ZTD model in China using ERA5 and GNSS based on empirical orthogonal function method	9