GPS Solutions

Article	Citations
M_IFCB: a MATLAB-based software for multi‑GNSS inter‑frequency clock bias estimation and forecast	85
Vehicle mounted single-antenna GNSS spoofing detection method based on motion trajectory	76
Observations and positioning quality of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	67
Interannual variability of vertical land motion over High Mountain Central Asia from GPS and GRACE/GRACE-FO observations	61
M_FCB: an open‑source software for multi‑GNSS fractional cycle bias estimation	54
Optimization of undifferenced and uncombined PPP stochastic model based on covariance component estimation	47
MGAMNet: a multi-granularity aware and hierarchically mixed network for BDS-3 satellite clock bias prediction	46
A weighted mean temperature (Tm) augmentation method based on global latitude zone	46
Non-holonomic constraint (NHC)-assisted GNSS/SINS positioning using a vehicle motion state classification (VMSC)-based convolution neural network	45
STL-GT: graph-structured learning based transformer for GNSS positioning enhancement in urban environments	43
Real-time estimation method for ionospheric correction accuracy in GNSS augmentation based on spatial correlation analysis	42
Enhancing smartphone-based vehicle navigation in deep urban areas using machine learning-aided PPP-RTK	42
Filter and piecewise smoother on the matrix Lie group	42
Evaluation of uncalibrated phase delays estimated based on orbit determination, clock estimation, and precise point positioning	42
High-precision velocity determination using mass-market Android GNSS measurements in the case of anomalous clock variations	41
Adaptive displacement extraction from GNSS kinematic positioning using interactive multi-model Kalman filter	40
Robust train length calculation and monitoring method using GNSS multi-constellation moving-baseline positioning resolution	40
Modeling of regional GNSS network using adaptive boosting algorithm: a case study in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region	40
Tropospheric parameters from multi-GNSS and numerical weather models: case study of severe precipitation and flooding in Germany in July 2021	40
Toward BDS/Galileo/GPS/QZSS triple-frequency PPP instantaneous integer ambiguity resolutions without atmosphere corrections	37
Multipath error extraction and mitigation based on refined wavelet level and threshold selection	36
GNSS performance degradation under meaconing in civil aviation: pseudorange and position models	35
Attitude estimation in challenging environments by integrating low-cost dual-antenna GNSS and MEMS MARG sensor	35
Analysis of GPS satellite flex power in 2023 and its effects on differential code bias variations	34
POSGO: an open-source software for GNSS pseudorange positioning based on graph optimization	34

Design of a miniaturized geodetic-grade GNSS reference antenna covering Bs band	34
Estimation of the L5 antenna phase center corrections for GPS satellites	33
Precise orbit determination for LEO constellation based on onboard GNSS observations, inter-satellite links and ground tracking data	32
Multipath mitigation in GNSS precise point positioning using multipath hierarchy for changing environments	32
Pseudorange characteristics of soil-transmitted GNSS signals and their application in soil moisture content retrieval	32
Rapid detection of GNSS time synchronization attacks via the enhanced code and carrier Doppler consistency test	32
Impact of LEO configuration on GPS precise orbit determination with un-differenced ambiguity resolution	31
Modified NTCM models driven by the mean of global ionospheric total electron content (TEC): MNTCM-SHC0 and MNTCM-GEC	31
Analysis of periodic terms in the DYB frame for the solar radiation pressure model of BDS-3 MEO satellites	31
Correction: Observations and positioning quality of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	30
Neural network-compensated satellite clock bias prediction for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites	30
Ionospheric nonlinear interpolation model for Mid- and Low-latitude network RTK during solar maxima	30
Geocenter motion based on GNSS: a comparison between low-degree surface load coefficients and network shift parameters	29
A neural network model for satellite clock bias prediction via spatiotemporal feature integration	28
Detection of ionospheric disturbances with a sparse GNSS network in simulated near-real time Mw 7.8 and Mw 7.5 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence	27
Comparative study of ionospheric sporadic E occurrence rates using SNRnstd and S4 derived from GPS radio occultation	27
GNSS-RTK model: common-frequency versus mixed-frequency	27
Estimating urban building height based on smartphone GNSS LOS/NLOS signal classification	27
OpATOM: an open-source toolbox for tomographic reconstruction of atmospheric wet refractivity model using GNSS observations	27
Optimization design of two-layer Walker constellation for LEO navigation augmentation using a dynamic multi-objective differential evolutionary algorithm based on elite guidance	27
Estimation of ionospheric total electron content using GNSS observations derived from a smartphone	26
A PPP kinematic application on historical GPS data: the reprocessing of the ITASE98-99 Antarctica mission height profiles	26
High-spin-rate roll angle measurement method based on GPS using single patch antenna	25
Spatial interpolation of surface point velocity using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model: a comparative study	24
BDS time spoofing detection method based on the dynamic time warping	24
An integrated VKA-LSTM model for GNSS height time series prediction	24
Effect of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake on continuous GNSS station motions	24
Earth rotation parameters determination by integrating ground and LEO-spaceborne BDS-3 data	23
Risk overbounding for ionospheric gradient monitor using geometry-free double differenced carrier phase measurements	23
A modified adaptive factor-based Kalman filter for continuous urban navigation with low-cost sensors	23
GPS data analysis and geodetic velocity field investigation in Greece, 2001–2016	22
Environment-aware GNSS NLOS detection via unsupervised contrastive representation learning	22
GNSS direct position estimation-inspired positioning with pseudorange correlogram for urban navigation	22
Local mitigation of higher-order ionospheric effects in DFMC SBAS and system performance evaluation	22
Quantum-secured time transfer between precise timing facilities: a field trial with simulated satellite links	22
Accuracy assessment of measurements by laser RTK compared to precise total station and GNSS reference	22
A strategy to determine GRACE-FO kinematic orbit during the activation of flex power	22
Effect of GNSS radio occultation observations on the prediction of the 2021 Henan rainstorm	22
Stochastic modeling of the receiver clock parameter in Galileo-only and multi-GNSS PPP solutions	22
State-space-varied moving horizon estimation for real-time PPP in the challenging low-cost antenna and chipset	22
Ionospheric disturbances of the January 15, 2022, Tonga volcanic eruption observed using the GNSS network in New Zealand	22
Evaluation of GPS and BDS-3 broadcast earth rotation parameters: a contribution to the ephemeris rotation error	21
Performance evaluation of Galileo high accuracy service for PPP ambiguity resolution	21
Investigation into the nonlinear Kalman filter to correct the INS/GNSS integrated navigation system	21
Precipitable water vapor fusion of MODIS and ERA5 based on convolutional neural network	21
Connecting integer ambiguities to avoid reinitialization and keep VRS seamless switching for virtual grid-based NRTK	21
Dynamic displacement monitoring by integrating high-rate GNSS and accelerometer: on the possibility of downsampling GNSS data at reference stations	20
Correction: Intercomparison of multi-GNSS signals characteristics acquired by a low-cost receiver connected to various low-cost antennas	20
An investigation of a voxel-based atmospheric pressure and temperature model	20
Continuous time and frequency transfer achieved by multi-day GPS/Galileo/BDS integer precise point positioning	20

Cloud-based near real-time sea level monitoring using GNSS reflectometry	20
GPS phase center variation modeling using ambiguity-fixed carrier phase observations from low Earth orbit satellites	20
Correction: Performance assessment of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 satellite orbit using GNSS	20
Evaluation of GNSS ionosphere prediction models Klobuchar-GPS, NTCM-G, and BDGIM: methodology and results for 2021–2024	20
Improved tightly-coupled PPP/MEMS-INS integration with adaptive code pseudorange weighting and LSTM-based smoothing for urban canyon navigation	19
Characteristic analysis and calibration of CDMA and FDMA intra-system and inter-system biases in multi-GNSS precise point positioning	19
Assessment of the orbital variations of GNSS GEO and IGSO satellites for monitoring ionospheric TEC	19
A comparison of two PPP-RTK models: S-basis choice, network product precision, and user positioning performance	19
Correction: Robust GNSS spoofing detector using optimized machine learning model on embedded platforms	19
Enhancing smartphone precise point positioning to sub-meter accuracy in suburban environments: a new stochastic model and outlier diagnosis	19
Initial performance assessment of the single-frequency (SF) service with the BeiDou satellite-based augmentation system (BDSBAS)	18
Effects of equatorial plasma bubble-induced ionospheric gradients on GNSS PPP-RTK	18
Precise orbit determination for the Haiyang-2D satellite using new onboard BDS-3 B1C/B2a signal measurements	18
Detection of GNSS antenna oscillatory motion and multipath conditions via exploitation of multipath-induced SNR variations	18
INSTINCT: a flow-based open-source PNT framework for satellite navigation and sensor fusion	18
AFPD-DTW: an adaptive flex power detection method for post-processing and real-time applications	18
Improved amplitude scintillation index $$\:{I}{{S}}_{4{c}}$$ with suppression of GNSS receiver background noise effects	18
Baltic sea GNSS jamming and spoofing emitter detection and localization in real-time using a time difference of arrival (TDOA) system	18
Stochastic modeling with robust Kalman filter for real-time kinematic GPS single-frequency positioning	18
The 2024 GPS accuracy improvement initiative	18
A significance test for mixed-integer models with application to GNSS	18
Clock bias prediction of navigation satellite based on BWO-CNN-BiGRU-attention model	18
BDS PPP-AR positioning performance with ionospheric disturbances at low-latitudes	18
A flexible ionospheric function model constructed with the aid of NeQuick model	18
An effective automatic processing engine for improving the multi-GNSS constellation precise orbit prediction	18
Intercomparison of multi-GNSS signals characteristics acquired by a low-cost receiver connected to various low-cost antennas	18
Ocean swell height estimation from spaceborne GNSS-R data using hybrid deep learning model	18
Mitigation of multipath effects in multi-GNSS and multi-frequency precise point positioning with multipath hemispherical maps	18
Inter-system biases solution strategies in multi-GNSS kinematic precise point positioning	17
HASPPP: an open-source Galileo HAS embeddable RTKLIB decoding package	17
Robust GNSS spoofing detector using optimized machine learning model on embedded platforms	17
Enhancing FAIRness of GNSS RINEX data: A metadata-driven approach	17
GNSS meteorological ensemble tools (GMET): a free-access online service for GNSS meteorological applications	17
PPP-B2b-RTK: a PPP-B2b augmentation method by using the SSR corrections from a single reference station	17
Cross-type representation learning in GNSS: a new approach for enhanced SPP positioning through pseudorange residuals	17
Analyzing the stochastic properties of code observation using various low-cost GNSS receivers	17
Adaptive Kalman filter based on integer ambiguity validation in moving base RTK	16
Doppler frequency code division multiple access method for LEO mega-constellation navigation systems	16
ARAIM based on fault detector reuse for reducing computational load	16
Performance assessment of the BDS-3 PPP-B2b service for real-time earthquake source description: a case study for the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo earthquake	16
Pseudorange bias from inter-signal interference: the QZSS L5-L5S case	16
Offsets in the EPN station position time series resulting from antenna/radome changes: PCC type-dependent model analyses	16
A method for compensating prediction errors to improve the orbit prediction accuracy of Starlink satellites	16
Exploring the role of PPP–RTK network configuration: a balance of server budget and user performance	16
A systematic approach for identifying optimal azimuth and elevation angle masks in GNSS-IR: validation through a sea level experiment	16
Determination of multi-GNSS differential code biases with satellite antenna phase center corrections	16
An improved BDS-3 PPP-B2b positioning approach by estimating signal in space range errors	16
Study of Chinese regional ionospheric TEC response to magnetic storms during April 23–25, 2023	16
5G Impacts analysis on the Beidou RDSS system in 2.5 GHz band	15
A robust signal tracking algorithm for GPS and NavIC constellations	15
Modeling seasonal oscillations in GNSS time series with Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition	15
Correction: A meta-classification-based approach for outlier identification in GNSS networks	15
Modeling tropospheric zenith wet delays in the Chinese mainland based on machine learning	15
Decimeter-level vehicular positioning in urban environments with factor graph-based PPP and robust regression	15
Undifferenced processing of COSMIC-2 radio occultation measurements with 1-Hz LEO clock corrections	15
Performance assessment of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 satellite orbit using GNSS	15
Detecting outliers in local ionospheric model for GNSS precise positioning	15
Performance of the local ionospheric model in resolving GPS baseline ambiguity over the Malaysian region	15
Refinement of the solar radiation pressure model for the BDS-3 satellites with considering illuminated antennas	15
Beidou UPD estimation and assessment based on LEO-assisted regional stations observations	15
TEC map completion using a deep learning approach with prior knowledge	15
GNSS-RTK time series denoising based on deep learning and mode decomposition techniques for offshore platform	15
GREAT-PVT: an open‑source software for multi-frequency and multi-GNSS PPP-AR and RTK	15
A global zenith tropospheric delay model with ERA5 and GNSS-based ZTD difference correction	14
Pseudorange error prediction and correction using PSO-KELM for smartphone GNSS urban positioning	14
Graph-enabled spatio-temporal transformer for ionospheric prediction	14
Precise point positioning with an adaptive geometry-free cycle slip detection threshold under complex ionospheric conditions	14
A real-time accuracy prediction model on time-relative positioning method considering the correlation of position increment errors	14
C/N0 degradation in presence of chirp interference: theoretical model	14
A new method for fault identification in real-time integrity monitoring of autonomous vehicles positioning using PPP-RTK	14
Classifying continuous GNSS stations using integrated machine learning	14
Spaceborne GNSS-R soil moisture retrieval from GPS/BDS-3/Galileo satellites	14
Fast satellite selection algorithm for GNSS multi-system based on Sherman–Morrison formula	14
Precise orbit determination for BDS-3 GEO satellites enhanced by intersatellite links	14
Prediction of BDS-3 satellite clock bias based on EWT-LSTM ensemble model	14
Global zenith wet delay modeling with surface meteorological data and machine learning	14
Performance evaluation of BDS-2/BDS-3 combined precise time transfer with B1I/B2I/B3I/B1C/B2a five-frequency observations	14
HUTG: a next-generation IGS real‑time combined GIM via two‑step global and regional correction with robust weighting from HENU and UPC‑IonSAT	14
Assessment of sub-daily ocean tide loading errors and mitigation of their propagation in multi-GNSS position time series	13
A method to assess the quality of GNSS satellite phase bias products	13

Performance verification of GNSS/5G tightly coupled fusion positioning in urban occluded environments with a smartphone	13
Open-source software for multi-GNSS inter-frequency clock bias estimation	13
Enhancing PPP-RTK performance at low latitudes through mitigation of ionospheric scintillation effects	13
Exploring characteristics of BDS-3 PPP-B2b augmentation messages by a three-step analysis procedure	13
Evaluation of real-time variometric approach and real-time precise point positioning in monitoring dynamic displacement based on high-rate (20 Hz) GPS Observations	13
Analyzing the impact of geometric constraints on GNSS positioning accuracy using realistic stochastic model	13
Multi-layer ionospheric model construction constrained with NeQuick-G model	13
A weighted mean temperature model using principal component analysis for Greenland	13
Assessing all-frequency GPS/Galileo/BDS PPP-RTK in GNSS challenging environments	13
Sea target detection using the GNSS reflection signals	13
A new global TEC empirical model based on fusing multi-source data	13
Burst Doppler tracking and measurement in LEO-PNT base station receivers with ephemeris assistance	13
LSTM-based receiver clock modeling and prediction for GNSS urban positioning	13
PPPH-UAV: an open-source software to process raw GNSS data obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles for generating photogrammetric products	13
Construction of a meteorological application system based on BDS ground-based augmentation network and water vapor products validation	13
DOA tracking using an improved direction lock loop based on a three-element L-shaped array	13
Velocity estimation method for high-spinning vehicle based on a side-mounted single patch antenna	13
Snow depth retrieval using GPS signal-to-noise ratio data based on improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition	12
Analysis of multi-system and multi-polarization GNSS-R sensitivity to sea surface wind speed retrieval using Tianmu-1 data	12
GHASP: a Galileo HAS parser	12
An open-source software package for Precise Point Positioning: raPPPid	12
An INS-assisted vector tracking receiver with multipath error estimation for dense urban canyons	12
Simultaneous estimation of inter-frequency clock biases and clock offsets with triple-frequency GPS data: undifferenced and uncombined methodology and impact analysis	12
Anomalous ambiguity detection between reference stations based on Box-Cox transformation of tropospheric residual estimation	12
A design of base-station-aided LEO/GPS joint positioning framework	12
Fast GNSS spoofing detection based on LSTM-detect model	12
Maneuver detection and estimation for LEO real-time precise orbit determination with GNSS observations	12
PPP-ARISEN: an open-source precise point positioning software with ambiguity resolution for interdisciplinary research of seismology, geodesy and geodynamics	12
Phase compression-holding modulation for C-band navigation	12
Integrated satellite clock and code/phase bias combination in the third IGS reprocessing campaign	12
A fusion ZTD grid model utilizing ERA5 and GNSS raw observations for enhancing PPP and optimizing PWV forecasts under extreme weather conditions	12
Estimation of BDS-2/3 phase observable-specific signal bias aided by double-differenced model: an exploration of fast BDS-2/3 real-time PPP	12
Can the phase of SNR oscillations in GNSS-IR be used to estimate sea-level height?	12
GNSS water vapor tomography based on Kalman filter with optimized noise covariance	12
Improving precise point positioning (PPP) performance with best integer equivariant (BIE) estimator	12
Timekeeping algorithm based on the cooperative covariance matrix of clock differences	12
Characteristics of Beidou-2 flex power and its impact on precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution	12
An adaptive hybrid blanking algorithm to mitigate the DME pulse interference on BDS B2a receivers	12
Modeling range biases from SLR residuals to GNSS-based orbits of active Low Earth Orbiters – insights from a study based on a dozen of satellites and 21 years of data	12
GPS signal acquisition based on deep convolutional neural network and post-correlation methods	12
Enhancing the BDGIM model for ionospheric delay correction using GNSS LEO occultation data during high solar activity	12
Real-time multipath mitigation based on spatiotemporal correlations in BDS precise point positioning	11
Multipath hemispherical map model with geographic cut-off elevation constraints for real-time GNSS monitoring in complex environments	11
Influence of flooding on GPS carrier-to-noise ratio and water content variation analysis: a case study in Zhengzhou, China	11
Accurate analytical non-gravitational force model for precise orbit determination of QZS-1, 2, and 4	11
Vector angle grouping-based solution separation for multipath/NLOS detection and exclusion with the enhancement of doppler test	11
Estimating sea surface swell height using a hybrid model combining CNN, ConvLSTM, and FCN based on spaceborne GNSS-R data from the CYGNSS mission	11
Quality monitoring of real-time PPP service using isolation forest-based residual anomaly detection	11
Impact of Beidou-3 upgrades and maintenance on code/phase biases estimation and PPP ambiguity resolution	11
GNSS position-aided delay-locked loops for accurate urban navigation	11
Enhancing multi-GNSS positioning performances in harsh environments via a refined joint troposphere-multipath hemispherical map	11
Facilitated interferometric reflectometry evaluation and its application in monitoring three typhoon storm surges in Hong Kong with multi-GNSS constellation	11
NLOS signal detection and correction for smartphone using convolutional neural network and variational mode decomposition in urban environment	11
An ambiguity subset selection algorithm based on the variation of check factors for BDS-3/BDS-2/GPS precise point positioning	11
From SPP to RTK: promoting the satellite navigation potential of acoustically excited antenna	11
Cascaded transformer-LSTM architecture for urban canyon navigation with factor graph optimization	11
Analysis of preliminary results from distributed autonomous timekeeping on Beidou-3 satellites	11
Improving performances of GNSS positioning correction using multiview deep reinforcement learning with sparse representation	11
Network-based precise orbit determination of broadband LEO satellites using Doppler-shift measurements	11
A two-step non-nominal troposphere monitor for GBAS	11
A DIA method based on maximum a posteriori estimate for multiple outliers	11
Non-uniform and Non-linear background correction methods for ionospheric TEC changes detection associated with solar eclipse	11
Precise disciplining of a chip-scale atomic clock using PPP with broadcast ephemerides	11
GNSS spoofing detection using a fuzzy classifier based on time–frequency analysis of the autocorrelation function	11
From prediction to mechanistic understanding: SHAP-based interpretation of a low-latitude ionospheric three-dimensional electron density model	11
Enhancing sea level inversion accuracy with a novel phase-based error correction method and multi-GNSS combination approach	11
Precise orbit determination of LEO satellites: a systematic review	11
An enhanced positioning algorithm module for low-cost GNSS/MEMS integration based on matching straight lane lines in HD maps	11
Can we measure sea surface wind speed with a smartphone?	11
Satellite laser ranging to GNSS-based Swarm orbits with handling of systematic errors	11
Implementation of solution separation-based Kalman filter integrity monitoring against all-source faults for multi-sensor integrated navigation	11
Advanced, 3D map aided (3DMA) GNSS simulations for NRTK performance prediction	11
Innovation-based Kalman filter fault detection and exclusion method against all-source faults for tightly coupled GNSS/INS/Vision integration	11
BDS-3 PPP-B2b and Galileo HAS tightly integrated real-time PPP	11