GPS Solutions

Article	Citations
Estimation and universal formulation approach of BDS-3/GNSS inter-frequency bias	85
Interannual variability of vertical land motion over High Mountain Central Asia from GPS and GRACE/GRACE-FO observations	82
New data processing methods for network RTK positioning: improving ionospheric uncertainty management during ionospheric scintillations	74
Study of a geodetic NavIC receiver for timing application	71
Impact and mitigation of neglecting PPP-RTK correctional uncertainty	70
A comprehensive evaluation of utilizing BeiDou data to estimate snow depths from two ground-based stations	63
Toward BDS/Galileo/GPS/QZSS triple-frequency PPP instantaneous integer ambiguity resolutions without atmosphere corrections	47
Two modified multi-frequency GNSS approaches to estimate the pseudorange observable-specific signal bias for the CDMA and FDMA models	47
Analysis of signal-to-noise ratio retrieved from multi-GNSS satellite data of land surface reflections	46
Equatorial plasma bubble detection based on GNSS Doppler index using support vector machine algorithm	45
Regional application of generalized regression neural network in ionosphere spatio-temporal modeling and forecasting	44
Real-time regional tropospheric wet delay modeling and augmentation performance for triple-frequency PPP/PPP-IAR during typhoon weather	42
Machine learning approach for GNSS geodetic velocity estimation	42
From RTK to PPP-RTK: towards real-time kinematic precise point positioning to support autonomous driving of inland waterway vessels	42
An improved global grid model for calibrating zenith tropospheric delay for GNSS applications	41
LSTM-based short-term ionospheric TEC forecast model and positioning accuracy analysis	39
A new model for vertical adjustment of precipitable water vapor with consideration of the time-varying lapse rate	38
Real-time monitoring of GPS flex power based on machine learning	35
Evaluation of real-time kinematic positioning performance of the BDS‑3 PPP service on B2b signal	35
Vehicle mounted single-antenna GNSS spoofing detection method based on motion trajectory	32
Method and performance of time holdover for RT-PPT receivers utilizing on-line estimation of clock parameters	32
On-the-fly ambiguity resolution method for pseudolite/INS integration based on double-difference square observations	32
GNSS-based precise orbit determination for maneuvering LEO satellites	31
GNSS jammer localization in urban areas based on prediction/optimization and ray-tracing	30
M_FCB: an open‑source software for multi‑GNSS fractional cycle bias estimation	30

Improving smartphone positioning accuracy by adapting measurement covariance with t-test on innovations	28
Attitude estimation in challenging environments by integrating low-cost dual-antenna GNSS and MEMS MARG sensor	27
Deep reinforcement learning with robust augmented reward sequence prediction for improving GNSS positioning	27
Improved high-sensitivity partial-matched filter with FFT-based acquisition algorithm for BDS-2 and BDS-3 signals with secondary code modulation	26
Characteristics of the BDS-3 multipath effect and mitigation methods using precise point positioning	26
A Wasserstein distance-based technique for the evaluation of GNSS error characterization	26
BDS multiple satellite clock offset parallel prediction based on multivariate CNN-LSTM model	26
Assessment of sub-daily ocean tide loading errors and mitigation of their propagation in multi-GNSS position time series	26
Performance assessment of the signal-in-space ranging errors of BDS-3: statistical characterization and integrity standard	25
RTK from space: a novel and low-cost GNSS augmentation technique for LEO communication satellites	25
Exploring characteristics of BDS-3 PPP-B2b augmentation messages by a three-step analysis procedure	25
Enhancing satellite clock bias prediction in BDS with LSTM-attention model	25
Velocity estimation method for high-spinning vehicle based on a side-mounted single patch antenna	25
A weighted mean temperature model using principal component analysis for Greenland	24
On the real-time tropospheric delay estimates using low-cost GNSS receivers and antennas	24
GNSS spoofing detection method based on the intersection angle between two directions of arrival (IA‑DOA) for single-antenna receivers	24
M_IFCB: a MATLAB-based software for multi‑GNSS inter‑frequency clock bias estimation and forecast	24
Filter and piecewise smoother on the matrix Lie group	24
Observations and positioning quality of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	24
Modeling of regional GNSS network using adaptive boosting algorithm: a case study in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region	23
High-resolution soil moisture and freeze–thaw records toward the third pole using GNSS-R reconstructed observations during 2018–2022	23
Investigations into the residual multipath errors of choke-ring geodetic antennas on GNSS carrier-phase measurements	22
Performance verification of GNSS/5G tightly coupled fusion positioning in urban occluded environments with a smartphone	22
GNSS-RTK data denoising and displacement-based blind modal analysis of a long-span bridge	22
Research on modeling and predicting of BDS-3 satellite clock bias using the LSTM neural network model	21
Plasma bubble imaging by single-frequency GNSS measurements	21
Conventional and neural network-based water vapor density model for GNSS troposphere tomography	21
A method for precisely predicting satellite clock bias based on robust fitting of ARMA models	20
Virtual reference station technology for voxels without signal ray in ionospheric tomography based on machine learning	20
A new parallel algorithm for improving the computational efficiency of multi-GNSS precise orbit determination	19
Tropospheric parameters from multi-GNSS and numerical weather models: case study of severe precipitation and flooding in Germany in July 2021	19
Prospects for meteotsunami detection in earth’s atmosphere using GNSS observations	19
INS-aiding information error modeling in GNSS/INS ultra-tight integration	19
Open-source software for multi-GNSS inter-frequency clock bias estimation	18
A method to assess the quality of GNSS satellite phase bias products	18
Improving PPP positioning and troposphere estimates using an azimuth-dependent weighting scheme	18
Multipath error extraction and mitigation based on refined wavelet level and threshold selection	18
Combined decoupled clock and integer‑estimable models applied to CDMA + FDMA single-difference network RTK	18
Center strategies for universal transformations: modified iteration policy and two alternative models	18
Real-time LEO satellite clock estimation with predicted LEO satellite orbits constrained	17
Effect of the polar cap ionospheric sporadic-E layer on GNSS-based positioning: a case study at Resolute Bay, Canada, September 5, 2012	17
Integrity monitoring for precise orbit determination of LEO satellites	17
Coastal sea-surface wave measurements using software-based GPS reflectometers in Lanyu, Taiwan	17
Application of expectation–maximization algorithm to estimate random walk process noise for GNSS tropospheric delay	17
Fast determination of geometric matrix in ionosphere tomographic inversion with unevenly spaced curvilinear voxels	17
Robust train length calculation and monitoring method using GNSS multi-constellation moving-baseline positioning resolution	17
Tropical cyclone-induced periodical positioning disturbances during the 2017 Hato in the Hong Kong region	17
Minimum-observation method for rapid and accurate satellite coverage prediction	17
High-precision velocity determination using mass-market Android GNSS measurements in the case of anomalous clock variations	16
Modeling and predicting inter-frequency clock bias of BDS-2 GEO, IGSO and MEO satellites for triple-frequency precise point positioning	16

Mixed QZSS/GPS/Galileo RTK positioning with a trade-off between ionosphere-weighting and ionosphere-fixed models: an ambiguity resolution method for Japan	16
New encoder–decoder convolutional LSTM neural network architectures for next-day global ionosphere maps forecast	16
Evaluation of real-time variometric approach and real-time precise point positioning in monitoring dynamic displacement based on high-rate (20 Hz) GPS Observations	16
Optimization of undifferenced and uncombined PPP stochastic model based on covariance component estimation	16
A modified BDS Klobuchar model considering hourly estimated night-time delays	16
Performance assessment of GNSS-IR altimetry using signal-to-noise ratio data from a Huawei P30 smartphone	15
Characterization of multi-band GNSS multipath in urban canyons using the 3D ray-tracing method	15
GNSS PPP-AR utilizing local SSR corrections	15
Study of ionospheric responses over China during September 7–8, 2017 using GPS, Beidou (GEO), and Swarm satellite observations	15
A weighted mean temperature (Tm) augmentation method based on global latitude zone	15
Correction to: On the possibility of getting traceable time and frequency measurements via GNSS receivers	15
Estimation of the water vapor field by fusing GPS and surface meteorological observations on the Loess Plateau of China	15
GNSS2TWS: an open-source MATLAB-based tool for inferring daily terrestrial water storage changes using GNSS vertical data	15
A new global TEC empirical model based on fusing multi-source data	15
First result of GNSS-R-based sea level retrieval with CMC and its combination with the SNR method	15
Rigorous and fast constraints transformations at the solution level: case studies for regional and global GNSS networks	14
Portable anechoic chamber-type calibration and the effect of phase corrections on the results of indoor positioning	14
A robust trend estimator for GNSS time series in the presence of complex periodicity and its evaluation on multi-source products of IGS and IGMAS	14
Near-real-time GNSS tropospheric IWV monitoring system for South America	14
Compact RTK for expanded area (COREA): a new method for carrier-phase-based satellite augmentation system	14
A satellite-based method for modeling ionospheric slant TEC from GNSS observations: algorithm and validation	13
Implementation and performance analysis of the PDR/GNSS integration on a smartphone	13
Non-holonomic constraint (NHC)-assisted GNSS/SINS positioning using a vehicle motion state classification (VMSC)-based convolution neural network	13
Galileo high accuracy service performance and anomaly mitigation capabilities	13
GLONASS–only FDMA+CDMA RTK: Performance and outlook	13
Enhanced fault detection and exclusion based on Kalman filter with colored measurement noise and application to RTK	13
The GUARDIAN system-a GNSS upper atmospheric real-time disaster information and alert network	13
A LiDAR–INS-aided geometry-based cycle slip resolution for intelligent vehicle in urban environment with long-term satellite signal loss	13
Initial Assessment of the BDS-3 PPP-B2b RTS compared with the CNES RTS	13
Single-frequency cycle slip detection and repair for a standalone GNSS receiver using a common-antenna-based dual-board design	13
Effects of different feature representations on global ionospheric TEC model based on spatiotemporal convolutions	12
GNSS PPP-RTK: integrity monitoring method considering wrong ambiguity fixing	12
Carrier phase bias correction for GNSS space-time array processing using time-delay data	12
A new method for fault identification in real-time integrity monitoring of autonomous vehicles positioning using PPP-RTK	12
Assessing all-frequency GPS/Galileo/BDS PPP-RTK in GNSS challenging environments	12
Python toolbox for BDS PPP-B2b and Galileo HAS decoding and its products performance validation	12
Simultaneous estimation of inter-frequency clock biases and clock offsets with triple-frequency GPS data: undifferenced and uncombined methodology and impact analysis	12
Performance analysis of cross-frequency Doppler-assisted carrier phase tracking	12
Centimeter-accurate vehicle navigation in urban environments with a tightly integrated PPP-RTK/MEMS/vision system	12
Effect of ambiguity resolution on the draconitic errors in sub-daily GPS position estimates	12
A multi-layer perceptron neural network to mitigate the interference of time synchronization attacks in stationary GPS receivers	12
Design of a miniaturized geodetic-grade GNSS reference antenna covering Bs band	12
Forecasting of global ionospheric TEC using a deep learning approach	12
Assessment of ZWD field predictions using the dynamic mode decomposition method	11
Machine learning-based multipath modeling in spatial domain applied to GNSS short baseline processing	11
GNSS positioning enhancement based on NLOS signal detection using spatio-temporal learning in urban canyons	11
Regional triple-frequency integer clock estimation for augmented real-time positioning services	11
Co-seismic ionospheric disturbances characteristics in different azimuths following the 2022 Mexico earthquake from GNSS observations	11
Statistical characterization of the signal-in-space errors of the BDS: a comparison between BDS-2 and BDS-3	11
Real-time estimation of multi-frequency phase observable-specific bias for the BDS3 PPP-B2b service	11
Rapid detection of GNSS time synchronization attacks via the enhanced code and carrier Doppler consistency test	11
A two-fault detection and elimination approach to the receiver autonomous integrity monitoring	11
Recent advances and applications of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	11
Estimating GPS inter-frequency clock bias to provide a parameterized product	11
New approach for integrity risk evaluation based on expected acceptable region for carrier-phase-based precise relative positioning	11
Estimation and analysis of multi-GNSS observable-specific code biases	11
A composite clock for robust time–frequency signal generation system onboard a navigation satellite	11
Utilizing least squares variance component estimation to combine multi-GNSS clock offsets	11
Fast frequency and phase synchronization of high-stability oscillators with 1 PPS signal from satellite navigation systems	11
Monitoring surface subsidence in permafrost using BDS interferometric reflectometry	10
GLONASS signal characteristics analysis and navigation performance for geostationary satellites	10
An efficient method for undifferenced BDS-2/BDS-3 high-rate clock estimation	10
Multi‑constellation GNSS interferometric reflectometry for the correction of long-term snow height retrieval on sloping topography	10
Sea target detection using the GNSS reflection signals	10
An adaptive-degree layered function-based method to GNSS tropospheric tomography	10
PPPH-VA: an open‑source software for real-time multi-GNSS variometric approach using single- and dual-frequency observations	10
Stochastic characteristics analysis on GNSS observations and real-time ROTI-based stochastic model compensation method in the ionospheric scintillation environment	10
Data + pilot biases in modern GNSS signals	10
Full-ISL clock offset estimation and prediction algorithm for BDS3	10
A new quality monitoring method for real-time precise orbit and clock products	10
Construction of a meteorological application system based on BDS ground-based augmentation network and water vapor products validation	10
A high-precision ZTD interpolation method considering large area and height differences	10
A PPP kinematic application on historical GPS data: the reprocessing of the ITASE98-99 Antarctica mission height profiles	10
High-spin-rate roll angle measurement method based on GPS using single patch antenna	10
Analysis of sub-daily polar motion derived from GPS with different temporal resolutions	10
Elimination of GNSS carrier phase diffraction error using an obstruction adaptive elevation masks determination method in a harsh observing environment	9
Precise orbit determination of BDS-3 satellites using B1C and B2a dual-frequency measurements	9
A new fuzzy strong tracking cubature Kalman filter for INS/GNSS	9
Extension of the undifferenced and uncombined CDMA PPP-RTK for not-common-frequency GNSS observations	9
Phase compression-holding modulation for C-band navigation	9

Decadal evolution of GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo mean orbital elements	9
Anomalous ambiguity detection between reference stations based on Box-Cox transformation of tropospheric residual estimation	9
Combining Galileo HAS and Beidou PPP-B2b with Helmert coordinate transformation method	9
SUPREME: an open-source single-frequency uncombined precise point positioning software	9
Code multipath error extraction based on the wavelet and empirical mode decomposition for Android smart devices	9
GLONASS precise orbit determination with identification of malfunctioning spacecraft	9
Gnssrefl: an open source software package in python for GNSS interferometric reflectometry applications	9
GNSS NLOS detection method based on stacking ensemble learning and applications in smartphones	9
Estimation of the L5 antenna phase center corrections for GPS satellites	9
Real-time outlier detection of satellite orbit and clock products using reverse error estimation	9
A grid-based ionospheric weighted method for PPP-RTK with diverse network scales and ionospheric activity levels	9
Refined seismic-ionospheric effects: case study of Mw 8.2 Chiapas earthquake on September 7, 2017	9
POSGO: an open-source software for GNSS pseudorange positioning based on graph optimization	9
A sequential ambiguity selection strategy for partial ambiguity resolution during RTK positioning in urban areas	9
A real-time detection method for GPS flex power	9
Benefits of tidal admittance functions for refining GNSS-observed solar and lunisolar tidal constituents	9
A multi-scale adaptive grid partition method based on two-dimensional Fourier transform for ZTD	9
Random forest-based multipath parameter estimation	9
On the role of lidar measurements in speeding up precise point positioning convergence	8
An adaptive hybrid blanking algorithm to mitigate the DME pulse interference on BDS B2a receivers	8
Mitigation of multipath and NLOS with stochastic modeling for ground-based indoor positioning	8
Non-consecutive GNSS signal tracking-based ultra-tight integration system of GNSS/INS for smart devices	8
Realizing rapid re-convergence in multi-GNSS real-time satellite clock offset estimation with dual-thread integer ambiguity resolution	8
Feasibility of easy-to-implement methods to analyze systematic errors of multipath, differential code bias, and inter-system bias for low-cost receivers	8
Validation of GNSS-derived global ionosphere maps for different solar activity levels: case studies for years 2014 and 2018	8
Retrieval of Ne(h) profile for ionosonde by assimilating collocated radio occultation data into NeQuick2	8
A grid model of direct conversion between zenith tropospheric delay and precipitable water vapor in tropical regions	8
Unsupervised learning-based satellite selection algorithm for GPS–NavIC multi-constellation receivers	8
Optimization design of two-layer Walker constellation for LEO navigation augmentation using a dynamic multi-objective differential evolutionary algorithm based on elite guidance	8
Pseudorange characteristics of soil-transmitted GNSS signals and their application in soil moisture content retrieval	8
Fast implementation of least squares variance component estimation for diagonal matrices: applications to GNSS time series	8
Absolute antenna group delay variations: estimation, single station repeatability and their influence on coordinate and float ambiguity estimation in baseline positioning	8
Correction: Observations and positioning quality of low-cost GNSS receivers: a review	8
Interactive multiple-model vertical vibration detection of structures based on high-frequency GNSS observations	8
Assessing the exchanging satellite attitude quaternions from CNES/CLS and their application in the deep eclipse season	8
GNSS best integer equivariant estimation combining with integer least squares estimation: an integrated ambiguity resolution method with optimal integer aperture test	8
Extracting ionospheric phase scintillation indicator from GNSS observations with 30-s sampling interval in the high-latitude region	8
Resilient GNSS real-time kinematic precise positioning with inequality and equality constraints	8
LAGRS-Veg: a spaceborne vegetation simulator for full polarization GNSS-reflectometry	8
GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo orbit geometry variations caused by general relativity focusing on Galileo in eccentric orbits	8
Ionospheric tomography for SWARM satellite orbit determination using single-frequency GNSS data	8
Scalar and vector tracking loop simulation based on a uniform semi-analytic model and robustness analysis in multipath/NLOS situations	8
Impact of LEO configuration on GPS precise orbit determination with un-differenced ambiguity resolution	8