Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing

Article	Citations
Considering Authorship	67
Editorial Board	45
Outcomes of Using an Electronic Anesthesia-Focused Electronic Intake Form	36
Improving Confidence Level of Perianesthesia Nurses Using Malignant Hyperthermia Cart Hands-On Training	36
2025 National Conference - Save the Date	36
PACU Nurses' Perception and Experience with Postoperative Discharge Calls	32
Nurses Service Organization/ASPAN	31
Up and At ‘Em: Decreasing Incidents of Delayed Ambulation or Requiring Knee Immobilizers for Ambulation After TKA and UNI	30
Table of Contents	29
Does Preoperative Gum Chewing Reduce Postoperative Sore Throat?	26
Interprofessional Collaboration Between Nurses and Physicians in the Perioperative Period	26
The Effect of Specialized Collaborative Nursing on the Awakening Quality and Stress Status of Elderly Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study	24
Surgical Outcomes in Different Age Cohorts Undergoing Abdominal Surgery: A Retrospective Study	23
The Effects of Preoperative Video-Assisted Education on Anxiety and Comfort After Breast Cancer Surgery: Nonrandomized Controlled Study	22
Does Cold Vapor Prevent Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy? A Randomized Controlled Trial	21
Optimizing Patient Flow by Cultivating Teamwork	19
Effect of Aromatherapy for Postoperative Pain Management in the Postanesthesia Recovery Room: A Systematic Review	18
Cross-sectional and Correlational Examination of Patients’ Preoperative Anxiety, Information Need, and Health Literacy in a Presurgical Consultation	18
Don't Be the LAST to Escape	17
Early Ambulation of Patients with Post Transfemoral Arteriography with Vascular Closure Device (VCD): A Quality Improvement Project	16
Practice Corner: Body Jewelry	16
Comparison of the Efficacies of Three Different Intrathecal Doses of Morphine in Achieving Postcesarean Delivery Analgesia	16
Experiences of Patients Undergoing Bypass Surgery With Health Professionals During the Perioperative Care Process: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study	15
FOCUSing on Family-Centered Care: Improving the Patient-Family Experience	15
The Effects of Listening to the Qur'an in the Postoperative Management of the Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in the Day Surgery Unit	15

Clinical Evaluation of a Swelling-Dispersing and Pain-Relieving Chinese Medicine Pack Post-Thyroid Surgery Under an ERAS Protocol: A Randomized, Single-Center Retrospective Study	14
Congratulations New CPANs and CAPAs!	14
Limitations in the Use of Pulse Oximetry in Patients of Color	14
Place holder for Acknowledgment of Reviewers	14
Preoperative Gabapentin for Pain Control: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial in Patients Undergoing Inguinal Hernioplasty	14
Optimizing the Recovery of Pediatric Tonsillectomy: Application of Opioid-Free Anesthesia and Analgesia	14
Urinary Catheter Home Teaching Video; Facilitating Improved Patient Outcomes with Audio-Visual Tools	13
Noise in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: Identifying Potential Causes for Increased Noise Levels	13
Pain Intensity After Cardiac Surgery and its Association With Kinesiophobia: A Descriptive Study	13
Same Day Discharge Gastric Sleeve with Addition of Virtual Health Monitoring	13
Reducing No-Show Appointments in Preanesthesia Screening	13
Integrating Diversity, Equity, Inclusion and Belonging in the Nursing Workforce and Creating a Positive Work Environment	13
Patient Education Intervention for Discharge from the PACU with a Urinary Catheter	12
Are You Ready? Transitioning Into Leadership in Today’s Health Care Environment	12
Battle of the Crystalloids in the Operating Room: A Literature Review	12
Empowering Versatility: Cross-Training New Graduate Nurses in the Perioperative Department for Enhanced Flexibility and Staffing Resilience, Utilizing MOPAN and Periop 101, with ASPAN Training Guide	12
Revolutionizing Perianesthesia Care: A Unified Model for Enhanced Efficiency and Flow in Post-Pandemic Healthcare Setting	12
EBP Evaluation: Choose the Right Tool for Making Local Impact	12
Influence of Breathing Training Based on Multimedia Education Combined With CICARE Communication Mode on Patients With Coronary CTA	12
Effectiveness of Peer-Based and Conventional Video Education in Reducing Perioperative Depression and Anxiety Among Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial	12
Be Part of the Solution, Not the Problem: Improving Nursing Decolonization Documentation	11
Combined Forced Air Warming and Warm Intravenous Fluid Strategy for Perioperative Hypothermia in Cesarean Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	11
Editorial Board	11
Perioperative Management of Local Anesthetic Allergies	11
Compliance With Opioid Disposal Following Opioid Disposal Education in Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review	11
Cardiorespiratory Response to Sedative Premedication in Preschool Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Midazolam, Clonidine, and Dexmedetomidine	11
Is Airway Management More Risky in Bariatric Surgery?	11
Call for Proposals / Group Membership	11
Postoperative Analgesia Management Evaluation in the Postanesthesia Unit: An Exploratory Analysis Based on Patient and Surgery Characteristics	11
Swedish Registered Nurse Anesthetists’ Understanding of Difficult Airway Algorithms	11
Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Analysis of Predictive Factors	11
Pediatric COVID/COLDS Scoring Tool: Safe Surgical Outcome	11
Utilization of Ketamine in Total Knee and Hip Joint Arthroplasty: An Evidence-Based Review	11
Effects of Propofol on Perioperative Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Prospective Cohort Study	11
Incidence of Unintentional Intraoperative Hypothermia and Its Risk Factors in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Prospective Study	10
Nurse-Driven Technology Innovation with a Human Touch	10
The Relationship Between COVID-19 Anxiety and Preoperative Anxiety During the Pandemic	10
The Analgesic Properties of a Music Intervention in the Postanesthesia Care Unit	10
Preoperative Cryoneurolysis for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Series	10
Improving Continuity of Care through PreOp Workflow Process	9
Postgraduate Developments Among Perianesthesia-Trained Nursing Graduates in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Survey	9
JoPAN Editorial Staff 2024-2025	9
Modified Thoracoabdominal Nerves Block Through Perichondral Approach: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis	9
PACU Nursing Culture and Impact on Same Day Discharge and Length of Stay for Ambulatory Orthopedic Patient Population	9
Surgical Safety Does Not Happen By Accident: Learning From Perioperative Near Miss Case Studies	9
The Speaking Up Climate of Nurses for Patient Safety Concerns and Unprofessional Behaviors: The Effects of Teamwork and Safety Climate	9
The Effect of Oral Water and Ice Popsicle Exposure on the Management of Thirst in the Immediate Postoperative Period	9
Consideration of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration to Reduce Surgical Site Infections	9
Editorial Board	9
The Effects of Two Different Cold Application Times on Edema, Ecchymosis, and Pain After Rhinoplasty: A Randomized Clinical Trial	8

Intrathecal Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia: Balance of Efficacy and Safety	8
The Use of Therapeutic Inhaled Essential Oils (TIEO) as a Holistic Approach to Decrease Preoperative Anxiety in ERAS Gynecological Surgery	8
“Never Lose Your Nerve”: Standardizing Perioperative Cranial Nerve Assessments Using a Neuro Tool Box	8
Let’s Get to the Core of the Score: A Performance Improvement Project to Achieve Normothermia in Preoperative Area	8
Preparing Surgical Services for Emergencies Using Simulations and Role Delineation	8
Implementing a Discharge Readiness Process in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU): An Innovative Approach to Patient Throughput	8
Global Trends in Research Related to Emergence Agitation From 1978 to 2023: A Bibliometric Analysis	8
Editorial Board	8
Education for Registered Nurses Completing Preoperative Anesthesia Interviews: A Quality Improvement Project	7
Improving Safe Thermoregulation Practices in an Urban Outpatient Surgery Center Through a Quality Improvement Initiative	7
Preventing Falls in the Surgical Setting by Implementing a Fall Prevention Bundle	7
Table of Contents	7
The Problem With PICO for Finding the Best Evidence: Fishing With the Wrong Bait and the SEARCH Solution	7
Effect of Informing Patient Relatives by Short Message (SMS) on Their Anxiety and Satisfaction Level During Orthopedic Surgical Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial	7
The Prevalence of Pain in the First 24 Hours After Surgery: A Multicenter Study	7
Incidence and Outcome of Reintubation in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Observational Matched Cohort Study in China	7
Chewing Gum After Radical Cystectomy With Urinary Diversion for Recovery of Intestinal Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	7
Peripheral Nerve Catheters in Regional Anesthesia: Time to Rethink Routine Use	7
Holiday Potpourri	7
Nursing Students' Operating Room Experiences: A Qualitative Metasynthesis	7
Implementation and Evaluation of the SBAR Communication Model in Nursing Handover by Pediatric Surgery Nurses	7
Effects of Preoperative Oral Carbohydrates on Recovery After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials	6
The Development and Implementation of an Evidence-Based Tumescent Liposuction Protocol, Online Educational Course for Perioperative Staff, and Discharge Instructions: A Quality Improvement Project	6
Documentation for Assessing Pain in Postoperative Pain Management Pre- and Post-intervention	6
The Impact of Postoperative Thirst and Pain on Surgical Patients’ Comfort	6
Safe Pediatric Surgery: Turkish Adaptation of the Road to My Surgery Preoperative Checklist	6
Corrigendum to “Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Adults in the Postanesthesia Care Unit After General Anesthesia Is a Critical Concern That Demands Attention” [Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing 40	6
Development and Validation of a Preoperative Nursing Consultation Model: A Delphi Study	6
Multimodal Analgesia and Opioid-Free Anesthesia in Spinal Surgery: A Literature Review	6
A Journey to CAPA/CPAN Certification	6
Impact of Prewarming on Maintaining Perioperative Body Temperature: A Randomized Clinical Trial	6
Care of the High Acuity PACU Patient: Putting Together the Puzzle	6
Table of Contents	6
Same Day Recovery Program (SDRP) for Total Hip and Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients in a Perianesthesia Setting	6
A Captive Audience	6
Feel the Warmth, Embrace the Comfort: Prevention of Inadvertent Hypothermia by Active Warming in PeriAnesthesia	6
Enhancing the Use of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in Fluorescence-guided Surgery for High-grade Glioma: An Expert Nurse Practitioner Opinion-based Approach	6
Examining Therapeutic Attitude and Empowerment Among Peri Anesthesia Nurses Caring for Patients with Opioid Use Disorder	6
Effect of a Medication Disposal Pouch versus Usual Care on Post Discharge Disposal of Unused Opioids: A Randomized Controlled Trial	6
Acknowledgment of Reviewers	6
The Mental Health Impact of COVID on Nurses: A Patient Care Concern	5
Discharge Scoring Tool in Ambulatory PACU	5
JOPAN Editorial Staff 2021-2022	5
An Evaluation of Timing of Discharge Instruction and the Impact on Patient Satisfaction	5
Are We Still Dealing With Racism in Nursing?	5
Clinical Analysis of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Combined With Midazolam in Pediatric Cranial Magnetic Resonance Examinations	5
From Rigidity to Relevance: Rethinking RCTs in the Age of Digital Health	5
Effectiveness of Perioperative Nurse Navigators on the Incidence of Inpatient Preoperative Readiness	5
Optimizing Pediatric Induction Experiences Using Human-centered Design	5
PeriAnesthesia Staff RN Participation in Formal Incident-Based Nursing Peer Review: Impact on Perianesthesia Nursing Engagement and Occurrence Reporting	5
Editorial Board	5
Intelligent Analgesia Management System in Postoperative Pain Management: A Retrospective Analysis	5
Information for Readers	5
The Effect of a Checklist for Perioperative Hyperglycemia Management on Surgical Site Infections: A Randomized Controlled Trial	5
The Prevalence and Effect of Prewarming on Unintentional Perioperative Hypothermia in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery Walking to the Operating Room: A Non-randomized Prospective Interventi	5
Come Together- Perianesthesia Collaboration with Non-OR Anesthesia Locations	5
Implications of Peri Operative Cannabis Use in Adolescents and Young Adults	5
Malignant Hyperthermia Escape Room	5
Ensuring Successful Practice Using a PACU-Track-Specific Nurse Residency and Fellowship Program	5
Using Evidence to Prevent Risk Associated With Perioperative Pressure Injuries	5
Zynrelef and the Quest to Eliminate Opioid Prescriptions Following Outpatient Surgery	5
Using a Normothermia Bundle With Perioperative Prewarming to Reduce Patient Hypothermia	5
New Graduate Nurses in the PostAnesthesia Care Unit: Advancing a Foundation of Clinical Knowledge and Skills Achieved through a Nurse Residency Program	5
Combination of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride and Esketamine for Thoracic Paravertebral Block on Pain and Postoperative Recovery of Patients Undergoing Radical Resection Surgery for Lung Cancer	5
Timing of Postoperative Education	5
Spine Time	4
Improving PACU Throughput: Expediting Phase I Care	4
The Implementation of a Perianesthesia Nursing Orientation for the Newly Licensed Registered Nurse	4
Coaching to Knock Our CPAN/CAPA Certification Rates Out of the Park	4
Effectiveness of Pediatric Competency-Based Orientation (PCBO) on Knowledge, Confidence, and Manifestation of Early Recognition of Nursing Expertise Among PACU Nurses	4
Developing a New PACU Overnight Unit Through Mentorship and Empowerment	4
An EBP Project: What Is the Best Music Listening Intervention for Patients Recovering in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU)	4
A Standardized Stir-up Regimen Shortens Phase I Recovery Time in PACU	4
Overnight PACU Model for Medium-Risk Patients	4
The Effect of Using Virtual Reality During Breast Biopsy on Pain and Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial	4
Impact of Thoracic Paravertebral Block on Postoperative Analgesia and Recovery in Daytime Laparoscopic Partial Adrenalectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial	4
LEAN Into Efficiency	4
What Matters to Patients on the Day of Surgery—A Flash Mob Study	4
Seeing is Believing: Chasing Sevoflurane Vapor Trails	4
Reducing Preoperative Causes of Delays in First Surgical Cases: A Quality Improvement Project	4

2025 National Conference in Dallas	4
Enculturation of International Nurses Within Perianesthesia	4
Letter to the Editor: “Considering References”	4
Reducing Opioid Consumption and Length of Stay After Bariatric Surgery: A Nonpharmacologic ERAS Intervention Bundle	4
Empowerment of the Bedside Nurse: Point Person Orientation in the Perianesthesia Unit	4
Pathologic Findings in Malignant Hyperthermia and Treatment: A Case Report	4
Moxibustion for Managing Postoperative Urinary Retention After Hemorrhoidectomy and Anorectal Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials	4
Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Champion for Perioperative Services: A New Role	4
Editorial Board	4
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for Unplanned Intraoperative Hypothermia Among Adult Surgical Patients	4
Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Intraoperative Hypothermia in Neonates and Young Children Undergoing General Anesthesia	4
International Comparisons of Hospitals’ Phase I Postanesthesia Care Unit Lengths of Stay Show Most Patients Need 30 minutes or Less Recovery Time to Advance From a 1 Nurse: 2 Patient Staffing Ratio	4
Perianesthesia Nurses’ Perspectives Managing Frailty: A Qualitative Study	4
Analysis of Adverse Events in the Postanesthesia Unit at a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital	4
Obstacles to Compliance and Implementation of ERAS Protocol From Nursing Perspective: A Qualitative Study	4
Stroke Codes in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU): Streamlining Hyper-acute Care	4
Call for 2025 Conference Proposals / Breathline Online	4
Considering Human Subject’s Protection	4
A Perioperative Mentorship Program to Engage Clinical Nurses in Reaching Professional Development Goals	4
Editorial Board	4
Aromatherapy Blend for Postoperative Nausea in Ambulatory Surgery Patients	4
Nebulized Dexmedetomidine for Sedation and Mask Acceptance in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials	4
Use of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Hysterectomy: A Systematic Review	4
Evaluation of Thirst in the Early Postoperative Period in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery	4
How to Improve Communication Between the Perioperative Team and Patient's Family/Designee During Their Perioperative Journey While Keeping it Meaningful, Safe and Effective	4
Every Second Patient Does Not Fully Understand Written Preprocedure Information: An Explorative Study About Functional Health Literacy	4
Anesthesia Management of a Patient With Common Variable Immunodeficiency and End-stage Liver Disease Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery: A Case Report	4
Save the Date! 2026 National Conference in San Francisco	4
Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Preoperative Assessment for Anesthesia: A Prospective Cohort Study	4
The Effect of Different Propofol-Ketamine Combinations on Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Adenoidectomy and Tonsillectomy Surgery	4
Care of the Patient Taking Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonists	4
The Effect of Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) and Nursing Guide Application on Postoperative Patient Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Study	4
Impact of Replacing Fentanyl With Hydromorphone as the First-Line Postoperative Opioid Among Patients Undergoing Outpatient Cancer Surgery	4
Implementing a Specialty Fellowship Program for Nurses New To PeriAnesthesia	4
Information for Readers	4
Intraoperative Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report	4
Growing Novice Nurses to Perianesthesia Care: Formation of a Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) Fellowship	4
Adaptation of the Person-Centered Perioperative Nursing Scale to Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Analysis	3
Comparison of the Teleflex Vasc Band Hemostat and the Terumo Radial (TR) Band Compression Device After Transradial Cardiac Catheterization: A Retrospective Study	3
Creating the Perianesthesia Emergency Nurse Resource Role to Prevent Failure-to-Rescue: A Quality Improvement Project	3
Perianesthesia Staffing and Practice Recommendations	3
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Compared With Intranasal Midazolam for Pediatric Emergence Delirium: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis	3
Incidence and Risk Factors of Pressure Injury in Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery in the Prone Position: A Retrospective Cohort Study	3
Learning for the Fun of It – The Use of Gamification in Educating Pediatric Perioperative Clinical Staff	3
Global Scope of Practice of an APN Anesthesia: A Scoping Review	3
Anxiety Assessment Education for Preoperative Nurses	3
All Work, No Play? No Way! Gamification of Perianesthesia Annual Competency Validation	3
Collaborative Practices to Increase PACU RN Satisfaction and Reduce Turnover	3
Patient-Centeredness in the Perioperative Period—A Rapid Review of Current Research	3
Adult Patient Perceptions of Nurse Listening Behaviors in an Ambulatory Surgery Setting	3
Editorial Board	3
Nurse, Parent, and Nurse Leader Perspective on Adoption of iPads for Pediatric Preoperative Anxiety Reduction	3
Using Aromatherapy to Reduce Post-op Nausea and Vomiting in Day Surgery	3
Current Trends in Using Social Media Professionally	3
Enhancing Perioperative Pain Management: Focus on Fascial Plane Blocks and Complication Management	3
Nurses Service Organization / ASPAN	3
Effect of Sending SMS, Which Reminds About the Intake of Medication, on Reducing Postoperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study	3
Assessing the White’s Fast-Track Score for Postoperative Handoff Between the Operating Room and the Postanesthesia Care Unit	3
Differential Utilization of Parental Presence and Premedication for Induction of Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients	3
Perioperative Management of Argininemia in a Child Undergoing Circumcision: A Case Report	3
PreAdmission Services: A Nurse-Led Initiative	3
Assessment of Pressure Injury Risk and Affecting Factors in the Operating Room	3
Perioperative Nursing	3
Spinal Epidural Hematoma Following Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia: A Case Report	3
Acknowledgment of Reviewers	3
Dexmedetomidine – An Alternative to Midazolam in the Treatment of Ketamine-Induced Emergence Delirium: A Systematic Review	3
Pharmacologic Management of Postoperative Urinary Retention	3
Editorial Board	3
Association Between Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms During Prehospitalization Waiting Period and Quality of Recovery at Postoperative Day 3 in Perioperative Cancer Patients	3
Effect of Electroacupuncture Added to ERAS on Perioperative Parameters and Postoperative Quality of Life in Breast Cancer: A Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial	3
Improving FCOTS Using a Multidisciplinary, Multifactorial Approach: A Quality Initiative Project	3
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Education Program; A Multi-Modal Approach	3
The Effect of Prewarming on Perioperative Hypothermia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies	3
The Scheduling Mode of Anesthesia Nurses Affects Postanesthesia Care Unit Efficiency: A Single-Center Retrospective Study From China	3
The Relationship of Evidence-Based Nursing Attitudes of Nurses Working in Surgical Wards With Patient-Centered Care Competencies	3
Safe Use of Technology in the Operating Room Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties	3
Caring for the Transgender Patient in the Perioperative Setting	3
Misplaced Protections: How IRB Review is the Wrong Gatekeeper for EBP Initiatives	3
Postoperative Pain Management Outcomes at a Chinese Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Survey	3
PACU Team's Commitment to Improving the Postoperative Discharge Call Completion Rate	3
PACU Fitness Challenge: Promoting Health and Mental Well-Being Post-COVID-19 Surge	3
The Impact of Parental Presence on Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients After General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis	3
‘Half-Dose Sugammadex After Neostigmine Versus Neostigmine as a Routine Reversal Agent: A Pilot Randomized Trial’	3
Decreasing Burnout: One Unit’s Story of Small Process Improvements Which Impacted Nurse Well-Being	3
The Effect of Ginger and Mint on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Total Thyroidectomy	2
The Effect of Two Different Anesthetic Methods on Gastrointestinal Motility in Patients Scheduled for Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Single–blinded Clinical Trial	2
Button Battery Ingestion in Children: An Educational Review for Perioperative Nursing	2
Just in Time: Improving Preoperative Checklist Compliance in the Cardiac Cath Lab	2
Information for Readers	2
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Adaptation of the Feeling Safe During Surgery Scale	2
Information for Readers	2
Effects of Acupoint Application on Postoperative Sore Throat in Adults Following General Endotracheal Anesthesia: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Study	2
Determination of the 90% Effective Dose of Dexmedetomidine for Treating Postoperative Catheter‑related Bladder Discomfort During Recovery: An Open-label, Single-group Study	2
Parental Presence at Induction of Anesthesia to Reduce Anxiety: A Systematic Research and Meta-Analysis	2
Risky Business: Hospital Transfers	2