OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Ethics and Information Technology is 4. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-08-01 to 2025-08-01.)

Article	Citations
Military robots should not look like a humans	133
An Ellulian analysis of propaganda in the context of generative AI	110
Socially Disruptive Technologies and Conceptual Engineering	87
Correction: Beyond transparency and explainability: on the need for adequate and contextualized user guidelines for LLM use	62
AI responsibility gap: not new, inevitable, unproblematic	52
Non-empirical problems in fair machine learning	47
Epistemo-ethical constraints on AI-human decision making for diagnostic purposes	46
Disembodied friendship: virtual friends and the tendencies of technologically mediated friendship	41
The Right to Break the Law? Perfect Enforcement of the Law Using Technology Impedes the Development of Legal Systems	40
Correction: ChatGPT is bullshit	37
Why converging technologies need converging international regulation	33
Legal reviews of in situ learning in autonomous weapons	32
Conceptualizing understanding in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI): an abilities-based approach	32
Engineering responsibility	31
Life after privacy: reclaiming democracy in a surveillance society	29
Tracing app technology: an ethical review in the COVID-19 era and directions for post-COVID-19	26
Deny, dismiss and downplay: developers’ attitudes towards risk and their role in risk creation in the field of healthcare-AI	25
Responsible guidelines for authorship attribution tasks in NLP	25
Legal and ethical implications of autonomous cyber capabilities: a call for retaining human control in cyberspace	25
A data-centric approach for ethical and trustworthy AI in journalism	24
Technology and moral change: the transformation of truth and trust	24
Calibrating machine behavior: a challenge for AI alignment	23
Of machines and men: Attributions of moral responsibility in AI-assisted warfare	23
Design culture for Sustainable urban artificial intelligence: Bruno Latour and the search for a different AI urbanism	22
Ethical responsibility and computational design: bespoke surgical tools as an instructive case study	21

Technologically mediated encounters with ‘nature’	21
Humans, Neanderthals, robots and rights	20
Socially disruptive technologies and epistemic injustice	20
The irresponsibility of not using AI in the military	20
Mechanic citizenship: Boston Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics and the constitution of digital citizens	19
The need for and nature of a normative, cultural psychology of weaponized AI (artificial intelligence)	19
Use case cards: a use case reporting framework inspired by the European AI Act	17
Legitimacy and automated decisions: the moral limits of algocracy	16
Psychological consequences of legal responsibility misattribution associated with automated vehicles	16
Ethical implications of fairness interventions: what might be hidden behind engineering choices?	15
Autonomous Military Systems: collective responsibility and distributed burdens	15
The video gamer’s dilemmas	15
AWS compliance with the ethical principle of proportionality: three possible solutions	14
Big data and the risk of misguided responsibilization	14
Smart cities as a testbed for experimenting with humans? - Applying psychological ethical guidelines to smart city interventions	14
Urban Digital Twins and metaverses towards city multiplicities: uniting or dividing urban experiences?	14
ChatGPT is bullshit	14
Enabling Fairness in Healthcare Through Machine Learning	14
A phenomenology and epistemology of large language models: transparency, trust, and trustworthiness	14
Is moral status done with words?	13
Negotiating becoming: a Nietzschean critique of large language models	13
Algorithmic decision-making employing profiling: will trade secrecy protection render the right to explanation toothless?	13
The Ethics of AI in Human Resources	12
Rethinking explainability: toward a postphenomenology of black-box artificial intelligence in medicine	12
Can the predictive processing model of the mind ameliorate the value-alignment problem?	12
The rationality and morality of connecting quantum computers	12
The landscape of data and AI documentation approaches in the European policy context	12
A values-based approach to designing military autonomous systems	11
Generative AI models should include detection mechanisms as a condition for public release	11
Enforcing ethical goals over reinforcement-learning policies	11
Correction: The repugnant resolution: has Coghlan & Cox resolved the Gamer’s Dilemma?	11
Introduction to the topical collection on AI and responsibility	11
What responsibility gaps are and what they should be	10
Public health measures and the rise of incidental surveillance: Considerations about private informational power and accountability	10
Cobots, “co-operation” and the replacement of human skill	10
Ethics of sleep tracking: techno-ethical particularities of consumer-led sleep-tracking with a focus on medicalization, vulnerability, and relationality	9
Ethics of generative AI and manipulation: a design-oriented research agenda	9
Vicarious liability: a solution to a problem of AI responsibility?	9
Autonomous weapon systems and responsibility gaps: a taxonomy	9
A Capability Approach to worker dignity under Algorithmic Management	9
Digital temperance: adapting an ancient virtue for a technological age	9
Explainable AI in the military domain	9
Explanation and Agency: exploring the normative-epistemic landscape of the “Right to Explanation”	9
Deconstructing controversies to design a trustworthy AI future	8
Tailoring responsible research and innovation to the translational context: the case of AI-supported exergaming	8
Responsible reliance concerning development and use of AI in the military domain	8
Cognitive warfare: an ethical analysis	8
Correction to: Weapons of moral construction? On the value of fairness in algorithmic decision-making	8
Artificial intelligence and responsibility gaps: what is the problem?	8
Framing the Gamer’s Dilemma	8

Design for values and conceptual engineering	8
Automated opioid risk scores: a case for machine learning-induced epistemic injustice in healthcare	8
Can we solve the Gamer’s Dilemma by resisting it?	7
Role of emotions in responsible military AI	7
Correction to: the Ethics of AI in Human Resources	7
Between death and suffering: resolving the gamer’s dilemma	7
Responsible scaling of artificial intelligence in healthcare: standardization meets customization	7
A systematic review of almost three decades of value sensitive design (VSD): what happened to the technical investigations?	7
Dirty data labeled dirt cheap: epistemic injustice in machine learning systems	7
Ludic resistance: a new solution to the gamer’s paradox	7
Easy-read and large language models: on the ethical dimensions of LLM-based text simplification	7
Transparency for AI systems: a value-based approach	7
Why a treaty on autonomous weapons is necessary and feasible	7
Towards a comprehensive framework for ethical and responsible standardisation	7
Explanatory pragmatism: a context-sensitive framework for explainable medical AI	6
Conceptualizations of user autonomy within the normative evaluation of dark patterns	6
AI and the need for justification (to the patient)	6
Ethics framework for predictive clinical AI model updating	6
Policy advice and best practices on bias and fairness in AI	6
Mind the gap: bridging the divide between computer scientists and ethicists in shaping moral machines	6
What is conceptual disruption?	5
Human digital twins unlocking Society 5.0? Approaches, emerging risks and disruptions	5
Robots, institutional roles and joint action: some key ethical issues	5
Embracing grief in the age of deathbots: a temporary tool, not a permanent solution	5
The value of responsibility gaps in algorithmic decision-making	5
Diversity and language technology: how language modeling bias causes epistemic injustice	5
Bringing values to standardisation: from policy concepts to a value-based framework for education about standardisation	5
Moral autonomy of patients and legal barriers to a possible duty of health related data sharing	5
Engineers on responsibility: feminist approaches to who’s responsible for ethical AI	5
Helpful, harmless, honest? Sociotechnical limits of AI alignment and safety through Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback	5
Empathy training through virtual reality: moral enhancement with the freedom to fall?	5
Intended, afforded, and experienced serendipity: overcoming the paradox of artificial serendipity	5
A moving target in AI-assisted decision-making: dataset shift, model updating, and the problem of update opacity	5
Violent video games: content, attitudes, and norms	5
Understanding responsibility in Responsible AI. Dianoetic virtues and the hard problem of context	5
Ethics of AI in Africa: Interrogating the role of Ubuntu and AI governance initiatives	4
Trust in medical artificial intelligence: a discretionary account	4
The contested role of AI ethics boards in smart societies: a step towards improvement based on board composition by sortition	4
Human achievement and artificial intelligence	4
Fiduciary requirements for virtual assistants	4
The ethics of online steering	4
Socializing the political: rethinking filter bubbles and social media with Hannah Arendt	4
The ethics of hacking. Ross W. Bellaby	4
Should we embrace “Big Sister”? Smart speakers as a means to combat intimate partner violence	4
Military artificial intelligence as power: consideration for European Union actorness	4
Trustworthiness of voting advice applications in Europe	4
Artificial intelligence and humanitarian obligations	4
Getting it right: the limits of fine-tuning large language models	4
Dual-use implications of AI text generation	4
The perfect technological storm: artificial intelligence and moral complacency	4
Cut the crap: a critical response to “ChatGPT is bullshit”	4
Technology and pronouns: disrupting the ‘Natural Attitude about Gender’	4
Correction: Framing the Gamer’s Dilemma	4
Melting contestation: insurance fairness and machine learning	4