OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Ethics and Information Technology is 4. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-06-01 to 2025-06-01.)

Article	Citations
Military robots should not look like a humans	98
An Ellulian analysis of propaganda in the context of generative AI	90
Socially Disruptive Technologies and Conceptual Engineering	79
Correction: Beyond transparency and explainability: on the need for adequate and contextualized user guidelines for LLM use	56
AI responsibility gap: not new, inevitable, unproblematic	52
What is the ‘personal’ in ‘personal information’?	51
Epistemo-ethical constraints on AI-human decision making for diagnostic purposes	43
Non-empirical problems in fair machine learning	43
Disembodied friendship: virtual friends and the tendencies of technologically mediated friendship	41
Conceptualizing understanding in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI): an abilities-based approach	39
Digitalization of contact tracing: balancing data privacy with public health benefit	37
The Right to Break the Law? Perfect Enforcement of the Law Using Technology Impedes the Development of Legal Systems	32
Engineering responsibility	31
Why converging technologies need converging international regulation	31
Correction: ChatGPT is bullshit	31
Technology and moral change: the transformation of truth and trust	27
Life after privacy: reclaiming democracy in a surveillance society	26
Tracing app technology: an ethical review in the COVID-19 era and directions for post-COVID-19	26
A data-centric approach for ethical and trustworthy AI in journalism	24
Legal and ethical implications of autonomous cyber capabilities: a call for retaining human control in cyberspace	24
Deny, dismiss and downplay: developers’ attitudes towards risk and their role in risk creation in the field of healthcare-AI	23
Responsible guidelines for authorship attribution tasks in NLP	22
Calibrating machine behavior: a challenge for AI alignment	21
Technologically mediated encounters with ‘nature’	21
Legal reviews of in situ learning in autonomous weapons	21

The irresponsibility of not using AI in the military	20
Socially disruptive technologies and epistemic injustice	20
Humans, Neanderthals, robots and rights	20
Ethical responsibility and computational design: bespoke surgical tools as an instructive case study	20
The need for and nature of a normative, cultural psychology of weaponized AI (artificial intelligence)	19
Design culture for Sustainable urban artificial intelligence: Bruno Latour and the search for a different AI urbanism	19
Use case cards: a use case reporting framework inspired by the European AI Act	18
Legitimacy and automated decisions: the moral limits of algocracy	18
Mechanic citizenship: Boston Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics and the constitution of digital citizens	18
How can we know a self-driving car is safe?	16
AWS compliance with the ethical principle of proportionality: three possible solutions	15
Psychological consequences of legal responsibility misattribution associated with automated vehicles	15
The video gamer’s dilemmas	14
Ethical implications of fairness interventions: what might be hidden behind engineering choices?	14
Smart cities as a testbed for experimenting with humans? - Applying psychological ethical guidelines to smart city interventions	14
Autonomous Military Systems: collective responsibility and distributed burdens	14
Enabling Fairness in Healthcare Through Machine Learning	14
Urban Digital Twins and metaverses towards city multiplicities: uniting or dividing urban experiences?	13
Ethical concerns in rescue robotics: a scoping review	13
ChatGPT is bullshit	12
Algorithmic decision-making employing profiling: will trade secrecy protection render the right to explanation toothless?	12
Big data and the risk of misguided responsibilization	12
A phenomenology and epistemology of large language models: transparency, trust, and trustworthiness	12
Is moral status done with words?	12
Rethinking explainability: toward a postphenomenology of black-box artificial intelligence in medicine	11
The Ethics of AI in Human Resources	11
Can the predictive processing model of the mind ameliorate the value-alignment problem?	11
Introduction to the topical collection on AI and responsibility	10
Enforcing ethical goals over reinforcement-learning policies	10
Cobots, “co-operation” and the replacement of human skill	10
Negotiating becoming: a Nietzschean critique of large language models	10
Correction: The repugnant resolution: has Coghlan & Cox resolved the Gamer’s Dilemma?	10
A values-based approach to designing military autonomous systems	10
Generative AI models should include detection mechanisms as a condition for public release	10
The landscape of data and AI documentation approaches in the European policy context	10
What responsibility gaps are and what they should be	10
Digital temperance: adapting an ancient virtue for a technological age	9
Public health measures and the rise of incidental surveillance: Considerations about private informational power and accountability	9
Vicarious liability: a solution to a problem of AI responsibility?	9
Cognitive warfare: an ethical analysis	9
Deconstructing controversies to design a trustworthy AI future	8
Explainable AI in the military domain	8
Explanation and Agency: exploring the normative-epistemic landscape of the “Right to Explanation”	8
Ethics of sleep tracking: techno-ethical particularities of consumer-led sleep-tracking with a focus on medicalization, vulnerability, and relationality	8
Autonomous weapon systems and responsibility gaps: a taxonomy	8
Ethics of generative AI and manipulation: a design-oriented research agenda	8
Design for values and conceptual engineering	7
Correction to: Weapons of moral construction? On the value of fairness in algorithmic decision-making	7
Responsible reliance concerning development and use of AI in the military domain	7
Tailoring responsible research and innovation to the translational context: the case of AI-supported exergaming	7

A Capability Approach to worker dignity under Algorithmic Management	7
Automated opioid risk scores: a case for machine learning-induced epistemic injustice in healthcare	7
Framing the Gamer’s Dilemma	7
Artificial intelligence and responsibility gaps: what is the problem?	7
Can we solve the Gamer’s Dilemma by resisting it?	6
Between death and suffering: resolving the gamer’s dilemma	6
A systematic review of almost three decades of value sensitive design (VSD): what happened to the technical investigations?	6
Role of emotions in responsible military AI	6
Ludic resistance: a new solution to the gamer’s paradox	6
Dirty data labeled dirt cheap: epistemic injustice in machine learning systems	6
Transparency for AI systems: a value-based approach	6
Conceptualizations of user autonomy within the normative evaluation of dark patterns	6
Diversity and language technology: how language modeling bias causes epistemic injustice	5
Empathy training through virtual reality: moral enhancement with the freedom to fall?	5
Robots, institutional roles and joint action: some key ethical issues	5
Does kindness towards robots lead to virtue? A reply to Sparrow’s asymmetry argument	5
Towards a comprehensive framework for ethical and responsible standardisation	5
Explanatory pragmatism: a context-sensitive framework for explainable medical AI	5
Policy advice and best practices on bias and fairness in AI	5
A moving target in AI-assisted decision-making: dataset shift, model updating, and the problem of update opacity	5
Why a treaty on autonomous weapons is necessary and feasible	5
Easy-read and large language models: on the ethical dimensions of LLM-based text simplification	5
AI and the need for justification (to the patient)	5
What is conceptual disruption?	5
Human digital twins unlocking Society 5.0? Approaches, emerging risks and disruptions	5
Moral autonomy of patients and legal barriers to a possible duty of health related data sharing	5
Mind the gap: bridging the divide between computer scientists and ethicists in shaping moral machines	5
Correction to: the Ethics of AI in Human Resources	5
Ethics framework for predictive clinical AI model updating	5
Embracing grief in the age of deathbots: a temporary tool, not a permanent solution	4
Violent video games: content, attitudes, and norms	4
Socializing the political: rethinking filter bubbles and social media with Hannah Arendt	4
The ethics of online steering	4
Should we embrace “Big Sister”? Smart speakers as a means to combat intimate partner violence	4
Melting contestation: insurance fairness and machine learning	4
Engineers on responsibility: feminist approaches to who’s responsible for ethical AI	4
Trust in medical artificial intelligence: a discretionary account	4
Getting it right: the limits of fine-tuning large language models	4
Human achievement and artificial intelligence	4
The ethics of hacking. Ross W. Bellaby	4
The perfect technological storm: artificial intelligence and moral complacency	4
The value of responsibility gaps in algorithmic decision-making	4
Understanding responsibility in Responsible AI. Dianoetic virtues and the hard problem of context	4
Dual-use implications of AI text generation	4
Ethics of AI in Africa: Interrogating the role of Ubuntu and AI governance initiatives	4
Military artificial intelligence as power: consideration for European Union actorness	4
Artificial intelligence and humanitarian obligations	4