OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Ethics and Information Technology is 5. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-08-01 to 2026-08-01.)

Article	Citations
An Ellulian analysis of propaganda in the context of generative AI	374
AI responsibility gap: not new, inevitable, unproblematic	102
Gamification and the virtue of perspective	94
Correction: Beyond transparency and explainability: on the need for adequate and contextualized user guidelines for LLM use	75
Socially Disruptive Technologies and Conceptual Engineering	75
Military robots should not look like a humans	68
ChatGPT is incredible (at being average)	63
Disembodied friendship: virtual friends and the tendencies of technologically mediated friendship	60
Autonomous weapon systems impact on incidence of armed conflict: rejecting the ‘lower threshold for war argument’	60
Navigating the social dilemma of autonomous systems: normative and applied arguments	52
Correction: ChatGPT is bullshit	43
Why converging technologies need converging international regulation	42
Closing the responsibility gap: allocating responsibility according to prerequisite control and expectations for personal benefits	41
Conceptualizing understanding in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI): an abilities-based approach	40
The Right to Break the Law? Perfect Enforcement of the Law Using Technology Impedes the Development of Legal Systems	39
Technology and moral change: the transformation of truth and trust	38
Virtual reality and agential moral enhancement	35
Contextual negation by moral opposition: rethinking the ethics of (Rape) simulations	33
Legal and ethical implications of autonomous cyber capabilities: a call for retaining human control in cyberspace	32
Marketing to machines: the fiduciary illusion in anticipatory companion AI	32
Engineering responsibility	32
Responsible guidelines for authorship attribution tasks in NLP	32
Legal reviews of in situ learning in autonomous weapons	31
Humans, Neanderthals, robots and rights	29
A data-centric approach for ethical and trustworthy AI in journalism	29

Correction to: Ensuring the exercise of human agency in AI-based military systems: concerns across the lifecycle	28
Technologically mediated encounters with ‘nature’	28
The irresponsibility of not using AI in the military	27
Of machines and men: Attributions of moral responsibility in AI-assisted warfare	26
Design culture for Sustainable urban artificial intelligence: Bruno Latour and the search for a different AI urbanism	26
Human-centric digital decision making: A new interdisciplinary psycho-legal assessment framework	25
Socially disruptive technologies and epistemic injustice	25
Calibrating machine behavior: a challenge for AI alignment	23
The global diplomacy of governing military artificial intelligence	22
Establishing human responsibility and accountability at early stages of the lifecycle for AI-based defence systems	21
The need for and nature of a normative, cultural psychology of weaponized AI (artificial intelligence)	21
Legitimacy and automated decisions: the moral limits of algocracy	21
Autonomous Military Systems: collective responsibility and distributed burdens	20
Mechanic citizenship: Boston Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics and the constitution of digital citizens	20
Reasons underdetermination in meaningful human control	20
Algorithmic representation in virtual realities: ethical challenges and regulatory opportunities	20
Disruptive technologies, engineered concepts, and normative guidance	20
Use case cards: a use case reporting framework inspired by the European AI Act	20
Should we speak of machine agency? A case against conceptual extension	19
When work becomes a game: the moral costs of gamified labor	19
Enabling Fairness in Healthcare Through Machine Learning	18
Smart cities as a testbed for experimenting with humans? - Applying psychological ethical guidelines to smart city interventions	18
AWS compliance with the ethical principle of proportionality: three possible solutions	18
Wide reflective equilibrium in LLM alignment: bridging moral epistemology and AI safety	18
ChatGPT is bullshit	17
A phenomenology and epistemology of large language models: transparency, trust, and trustworthiness	17
Negotiating becoming: a Nietzschean critique of large language models	16
Urban Digital Twins and metaverses towards city multiplicities: uniting or dividing urban experiences?	16
The rationality and morality of connecting quantum computers	16
Big data and the risk of misguided responsibilization	15
All ‘Dark patterns’ Are ‘Hostile patterns’: A Hostility Framework for Understanding Problematic Digital Interfaces	15
Is moral status done with words?	15
Introduction to the topical collection on AI and responsibility	14
Generative AI models should include detection mechanisms as a condition for public release	14
Correction: The repugnant resolution: has Coghlan & Cox resolved the Gamer’s Dilemma?	14
Public health measures and the rise of incidental surveillance: Considerations about private informational power and accountability	14
Is VR a tool of liberation? addressing the ethics of VR through sociohistorical contextualization	14
The landscape of data and AI documentation approaches in the European policy context	14
A values-based approach to designing military autonomous systems	14
Digital temperance: adapting an ancient virtue for a technological age	14
Cobots, “co-operation” and the replacement of human skill	13
Cognitive warfare: an ethical analysis	13
What responsibility gaps are and what they should be	13
Autonomous weapon systems and responsibility gaps: a taxonomy	13
Enforcing ethical goals over reinforcement-learning policies	13
Ethics of generative AI and manipulation: a design-oriented research agenda	12
Ethics of sleep tracking: techno-ethical particularities of consumer-led sleep-tracking with a focus on medicalization, vulnerability, and relationality	12
The making of digital ghosts: designing ethical AI afterlives	12
Explanation and Agency: exploring the normative-epistemic landscape of the “Right to Explanation”	12
Lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS): meaningful human Control, collective moral responsibility and institutional design	12

Deconstructing controversies to design a trustworthy AI future	12
Explainable AI in the military domain	12
Framing the Gamer’s Dilemma	11
Correction to: Weapons of moral construction? On the value of fairness in algorithmic decision-making	11
After chronos: a new temporal epistemology for ethics in virtual reality	10
Tailoring responsible research and innovation to the translational context: the case of AI-supported exergaming	10
Operationalising responsible AI in the military domain: a context-specific assessment	10
Automated opioid risk scores: a case for machine learning-induced epistemic injustice in healthcare	10
Role of emotions in responsible military AI	9
Design for values and conceptual engineering	9
Gamer’s de se imaginative resistance: a descriptive–philosophical resolution to the gamer’s dilemma	9
Politiquette: Liberalism, identity, and free speech on AI-powered digital social media	9
Can we solve the Gamer’s Dilemma by resisting it?	9
Responsible reliance concerning development and use of AI in the military domain	9
Digital twins for children with rare diseases: an exploration of the legal and ethical issues	9
Transparency for AI systems: a value-based approach	8
Dirty data labeled dirt cheap: epistemic injustice in machine learning systems	8
Easy-read and large language models: on the ethical dimensions of LLM-based text simplification	8
Why a treaty on autonomous weapons is necessary and feasible	8
Responsible scaling of artificial intelligence in healthcare: standardization meets customization	8
Has the world gone botshit crazy? A response to the Frankfurtian critique of ChatGPT in higher education	8
Towards a comprehensive framework for ethical and responsible standardisation	8
Artificial intelligence and responsibility gaps: what is the problem?	8
A systematic review of almost three decades of value sensitive design (VSD): what happened to the technical investigations?	8
Conceptualizations of user autonomy within the normative evaluation of dark patterns	8
Autonomy-supporting chatbots: Endorsing volitional behavior change	8
Correction to: the Ethics of AI in Human Resources	7
Mind the gap: bridging the divide between computer scientists and ethicists in shaping moral machines	7
Diversity and language technology: how language modeling bias causes epistemic injustice	7
Between death and suffering: resolving the gamer’s dilemma	7
What is conceptual disruption?	7
AI gossip	7
Ludic resistance: a new solution to the gamer’s paradox	7
AI and the need for justification (to the patient)	7
Ethics framework for predictive clinical AI model updating	7
Bringing values to standardisation: from policy concepts to a value-based framework for education about standardisation	6
Robots, institutional roles and joint action: some key ethical issues	6
Engineers on responsibility: feminist approaches to who’s responsible for ethical AI	6
The value of responsibility gaps in algorithmic decision-making	6
Helpful, harmless, honest? Sociotechnical limits of AI alignment and safety through Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback	6
Embracing grief in the age of deathbots: a temporary tool, not a permanent solution	6
Empathy training through virtual reality: moral enhancement with the freedom to fall?	6
Moral autonomy of patients and legal barriers to a possible duty of health related data sharing	6
Intended, afforded, and experienced serendipity: overcoming the paradox of artificial serendipity	6
Recommender systems as commercial speech: A framing for US legislation	6
Dual-use implications of AI text generation	6
Policy advice and best practices on bias and fairness in AI	6
Human digital twins unlocking Society 5.0? Approaches, emerging risks and disruptions	6
A moving target in AI-assisted decision-making: dataset shift, model updating, and the problem of update opacity	6
Violent video games: content, attitudes, and norms	6
Socializing the political: rethinking filter bubbles and social media with Hannah Arendt	6
Melting contestation: insurance fairness and machine learning	6
Artificial intelligence and humanitarian obligations	5
Ethics of AI in Africa: Interrogating the role of Ubuntu and AI governance initiatives	5
The contested role of AI ethics boards in smart societies: a step towards improvement based on board composition by sortition	5
Should we embrace “Big Sister”? Smart speakers as a means to combat intimate partner violence	5
The ethics of online steering	5
Cut the crap: a critical response to “ChatGPT is bullshit”	5
The ethics of hacking. Ross W. Bellaby	5
The cognitive and moral harms of platform decay	5
Military artificial intelligence as power: consideration for European Union actorness	5
The perfect technological storm: artificial intelligence and moral complacency	5
Getting it right: the limits of fine-tuning large language models	5
Human achievement and artificial intelligence	5