European Journal of Applied Physiology

Article	Citations
Low energy availability: history, definition and evidence of its endocrine, metabolic and physiological effects in prospective studies in females and males	82
Echo intensity as an indicator of skeletal muscle quality: applications, methodology, and future directions	78
The knowns and unknowns of neural adaptations to resistance training	59
Nutritional interventions for reducing the signs and symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage and accelerate recovery in athletes: current knowledge, practical application and future perspectives	56
Exercise-induced muscle damage: mechanism, assessment and nutritional factors to accelerate recovery	55
Mechanisms underlying performance impairments following prolonged static stretching without a comprehensive warm-up	55
Transferring clinically established immune inflammation markers into exercise physiology: focus on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index	49
How to improve the muscle synergy analysis methodology?	48
Bioelectrical impedance analysis versus reference methods in the assessment of body composition in athletes	45
Body mapping of regional sweat distribution in young and older males	43
Molecular mechanisms involved in the positive effects of physical activity on coping with COVID-19	39
Power profiling and the power-duration relationship in cycling: a narrative review	38
Regulation of muscle potassium: exercise performance, fatigue and health implications	37
The cold truth: the role of cryotherapy in the treatment of injury and recovery from exercise	37
The (in)dependency of blood and sweat sodium, chloride, potassium, ammonia, lactate and glucose concentrations during submaximal exercise	36
Wearable activity trackers–advanced technology or advanced marketing?	36
Effects of a high-volume static stretching programme on plantar-flexor muscle strength and architecture	36
A comparison of foam rolling and vibration foam rolling on the quadriceps muscle function and mechanical properties	34
Hypoxic training improves blood pressure, nitric oxide and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in hypertensive patients	32
The effects of 12 weeks of static stretch training on the functional, mechanical, and architectural characteristics of the triceps surae muscle–tendon complex	30
Chronic resistance training: is it time to rethink the time course of neural contributions to strength gain?	30
MitoQ and CoQ10 supplementation mildly suppresses skeletal muscle mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide levels without impacting mitochondrial function in middle-aged men	30
The use of whole-body cryotherapy: time- and dose-response investigation on circulating blood catecholamines and heart rate variability	29
Genetics and sports performance: the present and future in the identification of talent for sports based on DNA testing	28
Analysis of sex-based differences in energy substrate utilization during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise	27

Factors influencing bilateral deficit and inter-limb asymmetry of maximal and explosive strength: motor task, outcome measure and muscle group	27
HIIT is superior than MICT on cardiometabolic health during training and detraining	27
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation enhances strength training volume but not the force–velocity profile	26
Spleen contraction elevates hemoglobin concentration at high altitude during rest and exercise	26
Physiology, pathophysiology and (mal)adaptations to chronic apnoeic training: a state-of-the-art review	25
A comparison of a single bout of stretching or foam rolling on range of motion in healthy adults	24
The physiology of rowing with perspective on training and health	24
Novel insights on caffeine supplementation, CYP1A2 genotype, physiological responses and exercise performance	22
Age-related changes in muscle thickness and echo intensity of trunk muscles in healthy women: comparison of 20–60s age groups	22
The role of the neural stimulus in regulating skeletal muscle hypertrophy	22
The scaling of human basal and resting metabolic rates	22
Effects of acute and sub-acute hypobaric hypoxia on oxidative stress: a field study in the Alps	22
Muscle pain induced by hypertonic saline in the knee extensors decreases single-limb isometric time to task failure	22
Sex differences in the physiological adaptations to heat acclimation: a state-of-the-art review	22
A century of exercise physiology: key concepts on coupling respiratory oxygen flow to muscle energy demand during exercise	22
Suspension training vs. traditional resistance training: effects on muscle mass, strength and functional performance in older adults	22
Benefits of a plant-based diet and considerations for the athlete	22
The day-to-day reliability of peak fat oxidation and FATMAX	21
The influence of Achilles tendon mechanical behaviour on “apparent” efficiency during running at different speeds	21
Oxygen flux from capillary to mitochondria: integration of contemporary discoveries	21
Impact of acute mental stress on segmental arterial stiffness	21
Exceeding a “critical” muscle Pi: implications for $$\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}_{2}$$ and metabolite slow components, muscle fatigue and the power–duration relationship	20
The contemporary model of vertebral column joint dysfunction and impact of high-velocity, low-amplitude controlled vertebral thrusts on neuromuscular function	19
Corticospinal and spinal adaptations to motor skill and resistance training: Potential mechanisms and implications for motor rehabilitation and athletic development	19
Fatigue development and perceived response during self-paced endurance exercise: state-of-the-art review	19
Reference values for maximum oxygen uptake relative to body mass in Dutch/Flemish subjects aged 6–65 years: the LowLands Fitness Registry	19
Enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate supplementation improves high-intensity cycling performance in trained cyclists	19
Intra-limb and muscular coordination during walking on slopes	19
A critical review of critical power	19
Acute and chronic effects of static stretching at 100% versus 120% intensity on flexibility	18
Immediate and 24-h post-marathon cardiac troponin T is associated with relative exercise intensity	18
Muscle architecture and morphology as determinants of explosive strength	18
Gastrointestinal pathophysiology during endurance exercise: endocrine, microbiome, and nutritional influences	18
Exercise training improves vascular function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease	18
On the reliability and validity of central fatigue determination	18
The development of mature gait patterns in children during walking and running	18
Effects of 3-month high-intensity interval training vs. moderate endurance training and 4-month follow-up on fat metabolism, cardiorespiratory function and mitochondrial respiration in obese adults	17
Moving forward with backward pedaling: a review on eccentric cycling	17
Individual cardiovascular responsiveness to work-matched exercise within the moderate- and severe-intensity domains	17
The effects of acute aerobic and resistance exercise on mTOR signaling and autophagy markers in untrained human skeletal muscle	17
Effects of eccentric vs concentric cycling training on patients with moderate COPD	17
Steady-state $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$ above MLSS: evidence that critical speed better represents maximal metabolic steady state in well-trained runners	17
Arterial blood gases and ventilation at rest by age and sex in an adult Andean population resident at high altitude	17
Blunted cardiac output response to exercise in adolescents born preterm	16
Changes in gastrointestinal cell integrity after marathon running and exercise-associated collapse	16
Cold for centuries: a brief history of cryotherapies to improve health, injury and post-exercise recovery	16
Hold your breath: peripheral and cerebral oxygenation during dry static apnea	16
Determinants of last lap speed in paced and maximal 1500-m time trials	16
The effect of posture on maximal oxygen uptake in active healthy individuals	16
Increased fascicle length but not patellar tendon stiffness after accentuated eccentric-load strength training in already-trained men	16

A 3-D virtual human thermoregulatory model to predict whole-body and organ-specific heat-stress responses	16
Daily 30-min exposure to artificial gravity during 60 days of bed rest does not maintain aerobic exercise capacity but mitigates some deteriorations of muscle function: results from the AGBRESA RCT	15
Isolated finger flexor vs. exhaustive whole-body climbing tests? How to assess endurance in sport climbers?	15
A critical review of citrulline malate supplementation and exercise performance	15
Ramp vs. step tests: valid alternatives to determine the maximal lactate steady-state intensity?	15
Key concepts in muscle regeneration: muscle “cellular ecology” integrates a gestalt of cellular cross-talk, motility, and activity to remodel structure and restore function	15
Eccentric exercise per se does not affect muscle damage biomarkers: early and late phase adaptations	15
Insights into the combination of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and motor imagery in a training-based approach	14
Effects of timing of moderate exercise in the evening on sleep and subsequent dietary intake in lean, young, healthy adults: randomized crossover study	14
A century of exercise physiology: key concepts in regulation of glycogen metabolism in skeletal muscle	14
Men exhibit faster skeletal muscle tissue desaturation than women before and after a fatiguing handgrip	14
Anti-carcinogenic effects of exercise-conditioned human serum: evidence, relevance and opportunities	14
Twelve weeks of sprint interval training increases peak cardiac output in previously untrained individuals	14
Fatigue-induced changes in knee-extensor torque complexity and muscle metabolic rate are dependent on joint angle	14
The effect of pedalling cadence on respiratory frequency: passive vs. active exercise of different intensities	14
Sprint interval training (SIT) reduces serum epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not other inflammatory cytokines in trained older men	14
Impact of supine versus upright exercise on muscle deoxygenation heterogeneity during ramp incremental cycling is site specific	14
Revisiting the use of Hoffmann reflex in motor control research on humans	13
Sex differences in workload-indexed blood pressure response and vascular function among professional athletes and their utility for clinical exercise testing	13
Intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing improves markers of exercise capacity in hot and temperate conditions in trained middle-distance runners	13
Long-term high-intensity interval training increases serum neurotrophic factors in elderly overweight and obese Chinese adults	13
Changes in plasma hydroxyproline and plasma cell-free DNA concentrations after higher- versus lower-intensity eccentric cycling	13
Effects of combined hot and hypoxic conditions on muscle blood flow and muscle oxygenation during repeated cycling sprints	13
Force enhancement in the human vastus lateralis is muscle-length-dependent following stretch but not during stretch	13
Endurance-exercise training adaptations in spinal motoneurones: potential functional relevance to locomotor output and assessment in humans	13
Muscle temperature kinetics and thermoregulatory responses to 42 °C hot-water immersion in healthy males and females	13
Intermittent versus continuous enteral nutrition attenuates increases in insulin and leptin during short-term bed rest	13
The force-generation capacity of the tibialis anterior muscle at different muscle–tendon lengths depends on its motor unit contractile properties	12
Association between $$\dot{\text{V}}$$O2 kinetics and $$\dot{\text{V}}$$O2max in groups differing in fitness status	12
Acute exercise impacts AhR and PD-1 levels of CD8+ T-cells—Exploratory results from a randomized cross-over trial comparing endurance versus resistance exercise	12
5 km front crawl in pool and open water swimming: breath-by-breath energy expenditure and kinematic analysis	12
Resistance exercise training and the motor unit	12
Acute effect of passive one-legged intermittent static stretching on regional blood flow in young men	12
Metabolic cost in healthy fit older adults and young adults during overground and treadmill walking	12
Exercise-induced skeletal muscle angiogenesis: impact of age, sex, angiocrines and cellular mediators	12
Effects of acute aerobic, resistance and combined exercises on 24-h glucose variability and skeletal muscle signalling responses in type 1 diabetics	12
Cerebral autoregulation assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy: validation using transcranial Doppler in patients with controlled hypertension, cognitive impairment and controls	12
Peak fat oxidation is positively associated with vastus lateralis CD36 content, fed-state exercise fat oxidation, and endurance performance in trained males	12
Genomic predictors of testosterone levels are associated with muscle fiber size and strength	12
Associations between inflammatory markers and well-being during 12 weeks of basic military training	12
The acute effect of the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive cycle on measures of body composition	12
Acute mechanical, physiological and perceptual responses in older men to traditional-set or different cluster-set configuration resistance training protocols	12
An integrative approach to the pulmonary physiology of exercise: when does biological sex matter?	12
Individual characteristics associated with the magnitude of heat acclimation adaptations	12
Effects of body weight support and guidance force settings on muscle synergy during Lokomat walking	12
Short-term neuromuscular, morphological, and architectural responses to eccentric quasi-isometric muscle actions	12
The effects of two different intensities of aerobic training protocols on pain and serum neuro-biomarkers in women migraineurs: a randomized controlled trail	12
Effects of turmeric extract supplementation on inflammation and muscle damage after a half-marathon race: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial	11
Modelling the relationships between arterial oxygen saturation, exercise intensity and the level of aerobic performance in acute hypoxia	11
Differential control of respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise	11
Cerebral blood flow velocity during simultaneous changes in mean arterial pressure and cardiac output in healthy volunteers	11
Modulation of spinal excitability following neuromuscular electrical stimulation superimposed to voluntary contraction	11
The effect of elevated muscle pain on neuromuscular fatigue during exercise	11
Inducing low energy availability in trained endurance male athletes results in poorer explosive power	11
Steep (30°) uphill walking vs. running: COM movements, stride kinematics, and leg muscle excitations	11
Splenic contraction is enhanced by exercise at simulated high altitude	11
Hyperthermia and dehydration: their independent and combined influences on physiological function during rest and exercise	11
Age differences in anticipatory and executory mechanisms of gait initiation following unexpected balance perturbations	11
Spirulina supplementation improves oxygen uptake in arm cycling exercise	11
Exploring intensity-dependent modulations in EEG resting-state network efficiency induced by exercise	11
Histamine, mast cell tryptase and post-exercise hypotension in healthy and collapsed marathon runners	11
Evaluation of two upper-limb exoskeletons during overhead work: influence of exoskeleton design and load on muscular adaptations and balance regulation	11
A longitudinal study on the interchangeable use of whole-body and local exercise thresholds in cycling	11
Non-local acute stretching effects on strength performance in healthy young adults	11
The impact of different forms of exercise on circulating endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular and metabolic disease	11
Reliability and validity of the COSMED K5 portable metabolic system during walking	10
Comparison of the effects of long-lasting static stretching and hypertrophy training on maximal strength, muscle thickness and flexibility in the plantar flexors	10
Physiological and anthropometric determinants of critical power, W′ and the reconstitution of W′ in trained and untrained male cyclists	10
A multidimensional assessment of dyspnoea in healthy adults during exercise	10
Impact of elevated core temperature on cognition in hot environments within a military context	10
Comparisons of muscle strength, size, and voluntary activation in pre- and post-pubescent males and females	10
Involuntary sustained firing of plantar flexor motor neurones: effect of electrical stimulation parameters during tendon vibration	10
The effect of HIIT vs. SIT on muscle oxygenation in trained sprint kayakers	10
Fasted plasma asprosin concentrations are associated with menstrual cycle phase, oral contraceptive use and training status in healthy women	10
Effect of sex and fatigue on quiet standing and dynamic balance and lower extremity muscle stiffness	10
Sex differences in neuromuscular control of quadriceps	10
Influence of the MCT1-T1470A polymorphism (rs1049434) on repeated sprint ability and blood lactate accumulation in elite football players: a pilot study	10
Acute partial sleep deprivation and high-intensity interval exercise effects on postprandial endothelial function	10
Actovegin® reduces PMA-induced inflammation on human cells	10
Repeated sprint training under hypoxia improves aerobic performance and repeated sprint ability by enhancing muscle deoxygenation and markers of angiogenesis in rugby sevens	10

The rate of force development scaling factor: a review of underlying factors, assessment methods and potential for practical applications	10
The acute physiological and perceptual effects of recovery interval intensity during cycling-based high-intensity interval training	10
Muscle growth adaptations to high-load training and low-load training with blood flow restriction in calf muscles	10
Muscle metaboreflex adaptations to exercise training in health and disease	10
Efficacy of high-intensity interval- or continuous aerobic-training on insulin resistance and muscle function in adults with metabolic syndrome: a clinical trial	10
Skeletal muscle IGF-1 is lower at rest and after resistance exercise in humans with obesity	10
Cerebrovascular function and its association with systemic artery function and stiffness in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment	10
Recreational beach tennis reduces 24-h blood pressure in adults with hypertension: a randomized crossover trial	10
Heat adaptation in humans: the significance of controlled and regulated variables for experimental design and interpretation	10
Contralateral strength training attenuates muscle performance loss following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction: a randomised-controlled trial	10
Six weeks of dynamic apnoeic training stimulates erythropoiesis but does not increase splenic volume	10
Comparison between 6-week foam rolling intervention program with and without vibration on rolling and non-rolling sides	10
Head-down tilt bed rest with or without artificial gravity is not associated with motor unit remodeling	10
Intramuscular differences in shear modulus of the rectus femoris muscle during passive knee flexion	10
Acute mental stress-caused arterial stiffening can be counteracted by brief aerobic exercise	9
Isokinetic eccentric exercise substantially improves mobility, muscle strength and size, but not postural sway metrics in older adults, with limited regression observed following a detraining period	9
Decreased exercise capacity in young athletes using self-adapted mouthguards	9
Estimating cardiorespiratory fitness from heart rates both during and after stepping exercise: a validated simple and safe procedure for step tests at worksites	9
Effects of trunk lean and foot lift exercises in sitting position on abdominal muscle activity and the contribution rate of transversus abdominis	9
Contralateral training effects of low-intensity blood-flow restricted and high-intensity unilateral resistance training	9
Single skeletal muscle fiber mechanical properties: a muscle quality biomarker of human aging	9
The rating of perceived exertion is able to differentiate the post-matches metabolomic profile of elite U-20 soccer players	9
A biomarker perspective on the acute effect of exercise with and without impact on joint tissue turnover: an exploratory randomized cross-over study	9
Effects of long-term athletic training on muscle morphology and tendon stiffness in preadolescence: association with jump performance	9
The combined effects of exercise-induced muscle damage and heat stress on acute kidney stress and heat strain during subsequent endurance exercise	9
Velocity-based resistance training: do women need greater velocity loss to maximize adaptations?	9
Physiological and performance responses of sprint interval training and endurance training in Gaelic football players	9
Knee extensor force production and discomfort during neuromuscular electrical stimulation of quadriceps with and without gluteal muscle co-stimulation	9
Effects of a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet on health parameters in resistance-trained women	9
Plantar flexor voluntary activation capacity, strength and function in cerebral palsy	9
Impact of continuous vs. interval training on oxygen extraction and cardiac function during exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus	9
Understanding the female athlete: molecular mechanisms underpinning menstrual phase differences in exercise metabolism	9
Passive and active muscle elasticity of medial gastrocnemius is related to performance in sprinters	9
Biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms associated with maximal fat oxidation during physical exercise: implications for metabolic health and sports performance	9
Exogenous carbohydrate and regulation of muscle carbohydrate utilisation during exercise	9
Intra-individual physiological response of recreational runners to different training mesocycles: a randomized cross-over study	9
A short set configuration attenuates the cardiac parasympathetic withdrawal after a whole-body resistance training session	9
Potential role of passively increased muscle temperature on contractile function	9
Evaluation of sex-based differences in airway size and the physiological implications	9
The contralateral effects of foam rolling on range of motion and muscle performance	9
Locomotor activities as a way of inducing neuroplasticity: insights from conventional approaches and perspectives on eccentric exercises	9
Inspiratory muscle training improves cerebrovascular and postural control responses during orthostatic stress in older women	9
Temporal changes in blood oxidative stress biomarkers across the menstrual cycle and with oral contraceptive use in active women	9
Acute changes in passive stiffness of the individual hamstring muscles induced by resistance exercise: effects of contraction mode and range of motion	9
Dopamine/BDNF loss underscores narcosis cognitive impairment in divers: a proof of concept in a dry condition	9
Repeated sprint exercise in hypoxia stimulates HIF-1-dependent gene expression in skeletal muscle	9
Multidimensional breathlessness assessment during cardiopulmonary exercise testing in healthy adults	8
Lung abnormalities do not influence aerobic capacity in school children born preterm	8
Validation of a non-linear index of heart rate variability to determine aerobic and anaerobic thresholds during incremental cycling exercise in women	8
Acute exercise-related cognitive effects are not attributable to changes in end-tidal CO2 or cerebral blood velocity	8
Asthma and high-intensity interval training have no effect on clustered cardiometabolic risk or arterial stiffness in adolescents	8
Endurance training alters motor unit activation strategies for the vastus lateralis, yet sex-related differences and relationships with muscle size remain	8
The impact of age, sex, cardio-respiratory fitness, and cardiovascular disease risk on dynamic cerebral autoregulation and baroreflex sensitivity	8
Myocardial work and left ventricular mechanical adaptations following isometric exercise training in hypertensive patients	8
The effect of prolonged interval and continuous exercise in the heat on circulatory markers of intestinal barrier integrity	8
Influence of aerobic fitness on gastrointestinal barrier integrity and microbial translocation following a fixed-intensity military exertional heat stress test	8
Hypoxia and standing balance	8
Endurance training-induced increase in muscle oxidative capacity without loss of muscle mass in younger and older resistance-trained men	8
Ischemic preconditioning of the muscle reduces the metaboreflex response of the knee extensors	8
Does exercise attenuate age- and disease-associated dysfunction in unconventional T cells? Shining a light on overlooked cells in exercise immunology	8
New kids on the CPET: age-appropriate outdoor cardiopulmonary exercise testing in preschoolers	8
Immediate effects of neurodynamic nerve gliding versus static stretching on hamstring neuromechanical properties	8
Exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) in response to different exercise intensities	8
Muscle oxygen saturation rates coincide with lactate-based exercise thresholds	8
Body mapping of sweating patterns of pre-pubertal children during intermittent exercise in a warm environment	8
Thermal sensitivity in humans at the depth of thermal receptor endings beneath the skin: validation of a heat transfer model of the skin using high-temporal resolution stimuli	8
Comparison between concentric-only, eccentric-only, and concentric–eccentric resistance training of the elbow flexors for their effects on muscle strength and hypertrophy	8
Effects of Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 on exercise-induced disruption of gastrointestinal integrity	8
Muscle activation during leg-press exercise with or without eccentric overload	8
Adaptations to strength training differ between endurance-trained and untrained women	8
Brachial and central blood pressure and arterial stiffness in adult elite athletes	8
Vitamin D supplementation does not enhance resistance training-induced gains in muscle strength and lean body mass in vitamin D deficient young men	8
Analysis of changes in cardiac circadian rhythms of RR and QT induced by a 60-day head-down bed rest with and without nutritional countermeasure	8
Patterns of responses and time-course of changes in muscle size and strength during low-load blood flow restriction resistance training in women	7
Physiological responses during simulated 16 km recumbent handcycling time trial and determinants of performance in trained handcyclists	7
Effects of acute dietary nitrate supplementation on cold-induced vasodilation in healthy males	7
Dealing with menstrual cycle in sport: stop finding excuses to exclude women from research	7
Carbohydrate supplementation: a critical review of recent innovations	7
Sedentary patterns are associated with BDNF in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus	7
The effect of exercise on left ventricular global longitudinal strain	7
An acute bout of controlled subconcussive impacts can alter dynamic cerebral autoregulation indices: a preliminary investigation	7
Vagal blockade suppresses the phase I heart rate response but not the phase I cardiac output response at exercise onset in humans	7
Hyperthermia, but not dehydration, alters the electrical activity of the brain	7
A clinical evaluation of VO2 kinetics in kidney transplant recipients	7
Caffeine, genetic variation and anaerobic performance in male athletes: a randomized controlled trial	7
Baroreflex responses during dry resting and exercise apnoeas in air and pure oxygen	7
Effects of ageing on responses to stepping-target displacements during walking	7
Age-related declines in muscle and respiratory function are proportionate to declines in performance in Master Track Cyclists	7
The effects of three types of exercise training on steroid hormones in physically inactive middle-aged adults: a randomized controlled trial	7
Hypoxic re-exposure retains hematological but not performance adaptations post-altitude training	7
Effects of a cooling vest with sham condition on walking capacity in heat-sensitive people with Multiple Sclerosis	7
Physical activity accumulation along the intensity spectrum differs between children and adults	7
Biomechanical and metabolic aspects of backward (and forward) running on uphill gradients: another clue towards an almost inelastic rebound	7
Menstrual cycle effects on cardiovascular drift and maximal oxygen uptake during exercise heat stress	7
Critical speed estimated by statistically appropriate fitting procedures	7