BMC Medical Research Methodology

Article	Citations
Estimation of marginal structural models under irregular visits and unmeasured confounder: calibrated inverse probability weights	354
Handling of missing component information for common composite score outcomes used in axial spondyloarthritis research when complete-case analysis is unbiased	281
Correction: In health research publications, the number of authors is strongly associated with collective self-citations but less so with citations by others	126
A Bayesian network perspective on neonatal pneumonia in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus	118
Statistical methods in the analysis of multicentre HIV randomized controlled trials in the African region: a scoping review	99
The role and challenges of clinical research coordinators: insights from a national survey	98
A randomized Bayesian phase I-II dose optimization design for combination cancer therapies with progression-free survival end point	97
Towards robust electronic health record systems: integrating formal verification and process modeling techniques	95
CalScope: methodology and lessons learned for conducting a remote statewide SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study in California using an at-home dried blood spot collection kit and online survey	89
Should RECOVERY have used response adaptive randomisation? Evidence from a simulation study	84
Clinical systematic reviews – a brief overview	79
Estimating comparative effectiveness using Single-Arm trials: A challenge in the field of agnosticism	78
Modelling of intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay as a quality measure: a problematic exercise	76
Design and analysis of outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in veterans	76
How likely is unmeasured confounding to explain meta-analysis-derived associations between alcohol, other substances, and mood-related conditions with HIV risk behaviors?	74
regCOVID: Tracking publications of registered COVID-19 studies	74
Causal effect of chemotherapy received dose intensity on survival outcome: a retrospective study in osteosarcoma	71
Does imbalance in chest X-ray datasets produce biased deep learning approaches for COVID-19 screening?	69
Recruitment methods and yield rates in a clinical trial of physical exercise for older adults with hypertension—HAEL Study: a study within a trial	64
MetaAnalyst: a user-friendly tool for metagenomic biomarker detection and phenotype classification	64
Could master protocols be adapted for effectiveness-implementation hybrid studies?	59
Choices of measures of association affect the visualisation and composition of the multimorbidity networks	59
Technologies for frailty, comorbidity, and multimorbidity in older adults: a systematic review of research designs	59
A data-driven pipeline to extract potential adverse drug reactions through prescription, procedures and medical diagnoses analysis: application to a cohort study of 2,010 patients taking hydroxychloro	58
A gated group sequential design for seamless Phase II/III trial with subpopulation selection	56

Developing survey weights to ensure representativeness in a national, matched cohort study: results from the children and young people with Long Covid (CLoCk) study	56
More than one third of clinical practice guidelines on low back pain overlap in AGREE II appraisals. Research wasted?	55
Improving the efficiency of drug resistant tuberculosis treatment trials: a time-to-event alternative marker for bacteriological response and adaptive minimization for randomization	51
Comparing statistical methods in assessing the prognostic effect of biomarker variability on time-to-event clinical outcomes	48
The impact of iterative removal of low-information cluster-period cells from a stepped wedge design	47
Understanding facilitators of research participation among adults with self-reported chronic pain – a survey examining hypothetical research participation	47
Contextual effects: how to, and how not to, quantify them	46
Recruitment of a probability-based general population health panel for public health research in Germany: the panel ‘Health in Germany’	45
A framework to model global, regional, and national estimates of intimate partner violence	45
Mind the gap: covariate constrained randomisation can protect against substantial power loss in parallel cluster randomised trials	44
Power and sample size calculation for incremental net benefit in cost effectiveness analyses with applications to trials conducted by the Canadian Cancer Trials Group	43
External validation of existing dementia prediction models on observational health data	41
Using group testing in a two-phase epidemiologic design to identify the effects of a large number of antibody reactions on disease risk	40
Fidelity, pragmatism and the “grey line” in between—exploring the delivery of a pragmatic physical activity randomised controlled trial—a secondary analysis	39
Optimising research investment by simulating and evaluating monitoring strategies to inform a trial: a simulation of liver fibrosis monitoring	37
Methodology and experiences of rapid advice guideline development for children with COVID-19: responding to the COVID-19 outbreak quickly and efficiently	36
Cause of death coding in asthma	36
Development and validation of paired MEDLINE and Embase search filters for cost-utility studies	35
Target trial emulation with multi-state model analysis to assess treatment effectiveness using clinical COVID-19 data	34
Blinded sample size re-estimation in a comparative diagnostic accuracy study	34
Discretizing multiple continuous predictors with U-shaped relationships with lnOR: introducing the recursive gradient scanning method in clinical and epidemiological research	34
The reliance on conceptual frameworks in qualitative research – a way forward	33
Evaluating methods to define place of residence in Canadian administrative data and the impact on observed associations with all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes	32
A systematic review of methods to estimate colorectal cancer incidence using population-based cancer registries	31
Bayesian spatial-temporal analysis and determinants of cardiovascular diseases in Tanzania mainland	31
Using joint models to study the association between CD4 count and the risk of death in TB/HIV data	31
Assessing and adjusting for bias in ecological analysis using multiple sample datasets	31
An algorithm to assess importance of predictors in systematic reviews of prediction models: a case study with simulations	30
Measuring the impact of zero-cases studies in evidence synthesis practice using the harms index and benefits index (Hi-Bi)	29
Identifying Potential Factors Associated with High HIV viral load in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa using Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Random Forest Analysis	29
Random-effects meta-analysis models for pooling rare events data: a comparison between frequentist and bayesian methods	29
Response to “The importance of considering variability in re-expression of effect estimates for use in meta-analysis.” (Kopylev and Dzierlenga 2025)	28
A study within a trial (SWAT) of clinical trial feasibility and barriers to recruitment in the United Kingdom – the CapaCiTY programme experience	28
Measuring bereavement prevalence in a complex sampling survey: the 2019 Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)	28
Causal estimation of time-varying treatments in observational studies: a scoping review of methods, applications, and missing data practices	28
Effect of alcohol consumption on breast cancer: probabilistic bias analysis for adjustment of exposure misclassification bias and confounders	27
The effect of high prevalence of missing data on estimation of the coefficients of a logistic regression model when using multiple imputation	26
Study retention and attrition in a longitudinal cohort study including patient-reported outcomes, fieldwork and biobank samples: results of the Netherlands quality of life and Biomedical cohort study	26
Binary classification with fuzzy logistic regression under class imbalance and complete separation in clinical studies	26
Misspecification of confounder-exposure and confounder-outcome associations leads to bias in effect estimates	26
Machine learning computational tools to assist the performance of systematic reviews: A mapping review	25
Comparison of two propensity score-based methods for balancing covariates: the overlap weighting and fine stratification methods in real-world claims data	25
Comparison of analysis methods and design choices for treatment-by-period interaction in unidirectional switch designs: a simulation study	25
Practical basket design for binary outcomes with control of family-wise error rate	24
Genetic matching for time-dependent treatments: a longitudinal extension and simulation study	24
Correction: Individual patient data to allow a more elaborated comparison of trial results with real-world outcomes from second-line immunotherapy in NSCLC	24
A PubMed search filter for efficiently retrieving exercise training studies	24
Instrumental variable approaches for estimating time-varying treatment effects in comparative effectiveness research	24
A photograph of the researcher on the invitation letter did not affect the participation rate of a postal survey: a randomized study within a trial (SWAT)	24
Comparison of generic and specific instruments to assess the quality of life in patients with melasma	23

MSMpred: interactive modelling and prediction of individual evolution via multistate models	23
Opportunities and obstacles in linking large health care registries: the primary secondary cancer care registry - breast cancer	22
Comparison of methods for tuning machine learning model hyper-parameters: with application to predicting high-need high-cost health care users	22
Structured expert elicitation to inform long-term survival extrapolations using alternative parametric distributions: a case study of CAR T therapy for relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma	22
SurvdigitizeR: an algorithm for automated survival curve digitization	22
Adjusting expected deaths for mortality displacement during the COVID-19 pandemic: a model based counterfactual approach at the level of individuals	22
A comparison of survival models for prediction of eight-year revision risk following total knee and hip arthroplasty	22
Evaluating methods for Lasso selective inference in biomedical research: a comparative simulation study	22
Estimation and inference for the mediation effect in a time-varying mediation model	21
Bayesian variable selection and survival modeling: assessing the Most important comorbidities that impact lung and colorectal cancer survival in Spain	21
Interrater reliability estimators tested against true interrater reliabilities	21
TRIPLE C reporting principles for case study evaluations of the role of context in complex interventions	21
Documenting patients’ and providers’ preferences when proposing a randomized controlled trial: a qualitative exploration	21
Using random-forest multiple imputation to address bias of self-reported anthropometric measures, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in the Belgian health interview survey	21
Inadequate reporting quality of registered genome editing trials: an observational study	21
The potential impact fraction of population weight reduction scenarios on non-communicable diseases in Belgium: application of the g-computation approach	21
Application of machine learning in predicting survival outcomes involving real-world data: a scoping review	20
Visualizing leadership classifications in rectangular data using a basket model and co-word network analysis: a case study of U.S. HCAHPS survey results	20
Implications of analysing time-to-event outcomes as binary in meta-analysis: empirical evidence from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews	20
Comparison of the effects of imputation methods for missing data in predictive modelling of cohort study datasets	20
A validation study of data in the National Tonsil Surgery Register in Sweden: high agreement with medical records ensures that data can be used to monitor clinical practices and outcomes	20
Accounting for bias due to outcome data missing not at random: comparison and illustration of two approaches to probabilistic bias analysis: a simulation study	20
Development and evaluation of a search filter to identify prognostic factor studies in Ovid MEDLINE	20
Adjusting for Berkson error in exposure in ordinary and conditional logistic regression and in Poisson regression	19
Development of a standardized patient-reported clinical questionnaire for children with spinal pain	19
Locating and testing the healthy context paradox: examples from the INCLUSIVE trial	19
Correction: A scoping review of statistical methods in studies of biomarker-related treatment heterogeneity for breast cancer	19
Development and validation of a model to identify polycystic ovary syndrome in the French national administrative health database	19
A flexible approach for variable selection in large-scale healthcare database studies with missing covariate and outcome data	19
Challenges in measurement of adolescent mental health: how are gender patterns affected when level of symptoms is analysed simultaneously with impairment?	19
Predicting kidney graft function and failure among kidney transplant recipients	19
Stacked survival models for residual lifetime data	18
Text analysis framework for identifying mutations among non-small cell lung cancer patients from laboratory data	18
Two-part model for ventilator-free days in a cluster randomized cross-over clinical trial	18
Exploring flexible polynomial regression as a method to align routine clinical outcomes with daily data capture through remote technologies	18
Evaluation of intervention systematic reviews on chronic non-communicable diseases and lifestyle risk factors in low-middle income countries: meta-research	18
CAT HPPR: a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of systematic, rapid, and scoping reviews investigating interventions in health promotion and prevention	18
Comparing causal inference methods for point exposures with missing confounders: a simulation study	18
The difference between concealment and blinding in clinical trials and why both are important. A reply to Garg and Mickenautsch, BMC Medical Research Methodology (2022) 22:17	18
Selecting a randomization method for a multi-center clinical trial with stochastic recruitment considerations	17
Prescription Sequence Symmetry Analysis (PSSA) to assess prescribing cascades: a step-by-step guide	17
Stroke survivors’ preferences regarding study participation in rehabilitation research	17
SpatialWavePredict: a tutorial-based primer and toolbox for forecasting growth trajectories using the ensemble spatial wave sub-epidemic modeling framework	17
The methodological quality of systematic reviews regarding the Core Outcome Set (COS) development	17
Analysing cluster randomised controlled trials using GLMM, GEE1, GEE2, and QIF: results from four case studies	17
Piloting an automated clinical trial eligibility surveillance and provider alert system based on artificial intelligence and standard data models	17
Random survival forests for the analysis of recurrent events for right-censored data, with or without a terminal event	17
Does the feedback of blood results in observational studies influence response and consent? A randomised study of the Understanding Society Innovation Panel	16
Case study in VersKiK: a methodological approach for studying paediatric cancer survivors’ pathways	16
Artificial intelligence for the science of evidence synthesis: how good are AI-powered tools for automatic literature screening?	16
Data-driven prediction of COVID-19 cases in Germany for decision making	16
Association of ABO blood groups with venous thrombosis recurrence in middle-aged patients: insights from a weighted Cox analysis dedicated to ambispective design	16
Estimating causal effects in the presence of competing events using regression standardisation with the Stata command standsurv	16
Elucidating vaccine efficacy using a correlate of protection, demographics, and logistic regression	16
Concordance between humans and GPT-4 in appraising the methodological quality of case reports and case series using the Murad tool	16
A scoping review on the methodological and reporting quality of scoping reviews in China	16
Development of the multivariate administrative data cystectomy model and its impact on misclassification bias	15
The impact of heterogeneity on the analysis of platform trials with normally distributed outcomes	15
Systematic comparison of approaches to analyze clustered competing risks data	15
Sample size recalculation in three-stage clinical trials and its evaluation	15
Protocol implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic: experiences from a randomized trial of stress ulcer prophylaxis	15
Network analysis for estimating standardization trends in genomics using MEDLINE	15
Evaluation of data imputation strategies in complex, deeply-phenotyped data sets: the case of the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project	15
Comparison of Pocock and Simon’s covariate-adaptive randomization procedures in clinical trials	15
Bias amplification in the g-computation algorithm for time-varying treatments: a case study of industry payments and prescription of opioid products	15
Estimating reference intervals from an IPD meta-analysis using quantile regression	15
The effect of dichotomization of skewed adjustment covariates in the analysis of clinical trials	15
Multi-group global tests for restricted mean survival time and restricted mean time lost: a variable transformation approach	15
Prospective sampling bias in COVID-19 recruitment methods: experimental evidence from a national randomized survey testing recruitment materials	15
Recruiting and retaining community-based participants in a COVID-19 longitudinal cohort and social networks study: lessons from Victoria, Australia	15
Correction: CRIME‑Q—a unifying tool for critical appraisal of methodological (technical) quality, quality of reporting and risk of bias in animal research	15
Individual-specific networks for prediction modelling – A scoping review of methods	15
Development and validation of a distributed representation model of Japanese high-dimensional administrative claims data for clinical epidemiology studies	14
Inconsistencies in self-reported diabetes in a large panel study: the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)	14
Time-constant absolute effect measures for time-to-event outcomes	14
The relationship of publication language, study population, risk of bias, and treatment effects in acupuncture related systematic reviews: a meta-epidemiologic study	14
Automated medical chart review for breast cancer outcomes research: a novel natural language processing extraction system	14
Quantitative evaluation of recruitment strategies in a cluster-randomized trial: segmented regression and cost analysis from the AOK-Family + study	14
Agreement test of P value versus Bayes factor for sample means comparison: analysis of articles from the Angle Orthodontist journal	14
Reporting of flow diagrams in randomised controlled trials published in periodontology and implantology: a survey	14

Grey literature scoping review: a synthesis of the application of participatory methodologies in underrepresented groups at an elevated risk of dementia	14
Ranking of treatments in network meta-analysis: incorporating minimally important differences	14
Comparing single and multiple imputation strategies for harmonizing substance use data across HIV-related cohort studies	14
Methodological perspectives on the study of the health effects of unemployment – reviewing the mode of unemployment, the statistical analysis method and the role of confounding factors	14
HILAMA: High-dimensional multi-omics mediation analysis with latent confounding	14
Multi-arm multi-stage (MAMS) randomised selection designs: impact of treatment selection rules on the operating characteristics	14
Methodological guidance for the evaluation and updating of clinical prediction models: a systematic review	14
High-dimensional mediation analysis for continuous outcome with confounders using overlap weighting method in observational epigenetic study	13
Moving towards accurate and transparent AMSTAR 2 ratings and correcting the record on Cochrane reviews	13
How important is the linearity assumption in a sample size calculation for a randomised controlled trial where treatment is anticipated to affect a rate of change?	13
Machine learning is an effective method to predict the 90-day prognosis of patients with transient ischemic attack and minor stroke	13
Some examples of privacy-preserving sharing of COVID-19 pandemic data with statistical utility evaluation	13
Correction: Sampling strategies to evaluate the prognostic value of a new biomarker on a time-to-event end-point	13
Development of a protocol complexity tool: a framework designed to stimulate discussion and simplify study design	13
The minimal important difference of patient-reported outcome measures related to female urinary incontinence: a systematic review	13
Analysis of applying a patient safety taxonomy to patient and clinician-reported incident reports during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study	13
The gap between statistical and clinical significance: time to pay attention to clinical relevance in patient-reported outcome measures of insomnia	13
Multiply robust estimator for the difference in survival functions using pseudo-observations	13
Correction: Feasibility of a hybrid clinical trial for respiratory virus detection in toddlers during the influenza season	13
Determining the extent and frequency of on-site monitoring: a bayesian risk-based approach	13
Methodological approaches to measuring the incidence of unplanned emergency department presentations by cancer patients receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy: a systematic review	13
Penalized landmark supermodels (penLM) for dynamic prediction for time-to-event outcomes in high-dimensional data	13
A logical analysis of null hypothesis significance testing using popular terminology	13
Correction: Evaluating quasi-experimental approaches for estimating epidemiological efficacy of non-randomised field trials: applications in Wolbachia interventions for dengue	13
Adaptation and psychometric assessment of a sexual and reproductive empowerment scale in Arabic among refugee and non-refugee adolescent girls	13
Correction: Impact of sampling and data collection methods on maternity survey response: a randomised controlled trial of paper and push-to-web surveys and a concurrent social media survey	13
Count data models for outpatient health services utilisation	13
nlive: an R package to facilitate the application of the sigmoidal and random changepoint mixed models	12
Advancing guideline quality through country-wide and regional quality assessment of CPGs using AGREE: a scoping review	12
The importance of considering variability in re-expression of effect estimates for use in meta-analyses	12
Left-censored recurrent event analysis in epidemiological studies: a proposal for when the number of previous episodes is unknown	12
Comparison of Bayesian Networks, G-estimation and linear models to estimate causal treatment effects in aggregated N-of-1 trials with carry-over effects	12
Sensitivity analyses for data missing at random versus missing not at random using latent growth modelling: a practical guide for randomised controlled trials	12
Converting from face-to-face to postal follow-up and its effects on participant retention, response rates and errors: lessons from the EQUAL study in the UK	12
The classification algorithms to support the management of the patient with femur fracture	12
Accommodating heterogeneous missing data patterns for prostate cancer risk prediction	12
Handling missing values in patient-reported outcome data in the presence of intercurrent events	12
Development of an Aboriginal Resilience and Recovery Questionnaire – a collaboration between practitioners and help-seeking clients of a Victorian Aboriginal community controlled health service	12
Evidence pointing toward invalidity of the SF-8 physical and mental scales: a fusion validity assessment	12
Negative log-binomial model with optimal robust variance to estimate the prevalence ratio, in cross-sectional population studies	12
Design and statistical analysis reporting among interrupted time series studies in drug utilization research: a cross-sectional survey	12
Bayesian dynamic borrowing in group-sequential design for medical device studies	12
Identification of patients’ smoking status using an explainable AI approach: a Danish electronic health records case study	12
Performance metrics for models designed to predict treatment effect	12
Sample size calculation for prevalence studies using Scalex and ScalaR calculators	12
Estimating effects of health policy interventions using interrupted time-series analyses: a simulation study	12
Longitudinal plasmode algorithms to evaluate statistical methods in realistic scenarios: an illustration applied to occupational epidemiology	12
A comparison of frequentist and Bayesian approaches to the Personalised Randomised Controlled Trial (PRACTical)—design and analysis considerations	12
Borrowing information across patient subgroups in clinical trials, with application to a paediatric trial	12
Multimorbidity prevalence and health outcome prediction: assessing the impact of lookback periods, disease count, and definition criteria in health administrative data at the population-based level	12
Advancements in predicting and modeling rare event outcomes for enhanced decision-making	12
Propensity score analysis for health care disparities: a deweighting approach	12
Ensuring cross-cultural data comparability by means of anchoring vignettes in heterogeneous refugee samples	11
Longitudinal mediation analysis with multilevel and latent growth models: a separable effects causal approach	11
Informed Bayesian survival analysis	11
“Cake causes herpes?” - promiscuous dichotomisation induces false positives	11
From simple to even simpler, but not too simple: a head-to-head comparison of the Better-Worse and Drop-Down methods for measuring patient health status	11
CRIME-Q—a unifying tool for critical appraisal of methodological (technical) quality, quality of reporting and risk of bias in animal research	11
Constructing within and between hospital physician social networks for modeling physician research participation	11
Comparing outcomes from tailored meta-analysis with outcomes from a setting specific test accuracy study using routine data of faecal calprotectin testing for inflammatory bowel disease	11
Analyzing missingness patterns in real-world data using the SMDI toolkit: application to a linked EHR-claims pharmacoepidemiology study	11
Widening participation – recruitment methods in mental health randomised controlled trials: a qualitative study	11
Should multiple imputation be stratified by exposure group when estimating causal effects via outcome regression in observational studies?	11
Predicting lung cancer survival prognosis based on the conditional survival bayesian network	11
Addressing treatment switching in the ALTA-1L trial with g-methods: exploring the impact of model specification	11
The conclusiveness of trial sequential analysis varies with estimation of between-study variance: a case study	11
Two-step spatiotemporal anomaly detection corrected for lag reporting time with application to real-time dengue surveillance in Thailand	11
The validity, reliability and feasibility of four instruments for assessing the consciousness of stroke patients in a neurological intensive care unit compared	11
Standard of care for COVID-19 in randomized clinical trials registered in trial registries and published in preprint servers and scholarly journals: a cross-sectional study	11
The optimal approach for retrieving systematic reviews was achieved when searching MEDLINE and Epistemonikos in addition to reference checking: a methodological validation study	11
Understanding multimorbidity: insights with graphical models	11
Recruitment into antibody prevalence studies: a randomized trial of postcards vs. letters as invitations	11
Robustness assessment of regressions using cluster analysis typologies: a bootstrap procedure with application in state sequence analysis	11
Adjusting for outcome risk factors in immigrant datasets: total or direct effects?	11
Adaptations for remote research work: a modified web-push strategy compared to a mail-only strategy for administering a survey of healthcare experiences	11
Patient regional index: a new way to rank clinical specialties based on outpatient clinics big data	11
Grouped data with survey revision	11
Bayesian Mendelian randomization with an interval causal null hypothesis: ternary decision rules and loss function calibration	11
BivRec: an R package for the nonparametric and semiparametric analysis of bivariate alternating recurrent events	11
Gaps in the usage and reporting of multiple imputation for incomplete data: findings from a scoping review of observational studies addressing causal questions	10
Two-stage group-sequential designs with delayed responses – what is the point of applying corresponding methods?	10
Integrating fractional-order SEI1I2I3QCR model with awareness and non-pharmaceutical interventions for optimal COVID-19 pandemic	10
Case-only approach applied in environmental epidemiology: 2 examples of interaction effect using the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets	10
Prior test experience confounds longitudinal tracking of adolescent cognitive and motor development	10
Interchangeability and optimization of heart rate methods for estimating oxygen uptake in ergometer cycling, level treadmill walking and running	10
Evaluation of the Fill-it-up-design to use historical control data in randomized clinical trials with two arm parallel group design	10
Use and misuse of random forest variable importance metrics in medicine: demonstrations through incident stroke prediction	10
Primary and secondary data in emergency medicine health services research – a comparative analysis in a regional research network on multimorbid patients	10
Quality of guidelines for infection management in sepsis: a critical appraisal using the AGREE II instrument	10
Correction: A non-parametric approach to predict the recruitment for randomized clinical trials: an example in elderly inpatient settings	10
Cluster randomised trials with a binary outcome and a small number of clusters: comparison of individual and cluster level analysis method	10
Problematic meta-analyses: Bayesian and frequentist perspectives on combining randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies	10
Model-based standardization using multiple imputation	10
Assessing the ability of an instrumental variable causal forest algorithm to personalize treatment evidence using observational data: the case of early surgery for shoulder fracture	10
Segmentation of patients with small cell lung cancer into responders and non-responders using the optimal cross-validation technique	10