BMC Medical Ethics

Article	Citations
Clinical ethics consultation documentation in the era of open notes	379
Disparity in attitudes regarding assisted dying among physicians and the general public in Japan	115
Evaluating the understanding of the ethical and moral challenges of Big Data and AI among Jordanian medical students, physicians in training, and senior practitioners: a cross-sectional study	90
Factors influencing obstetricians’ acceptance of termination of pregnancy beyond the first trimester: a qualitative study	84
Ethics support for ethics support: the development of the Confidentiality Compass for dealing with moral challenges concerning (breaching) confidentiality in moral case deliberation	56
Ethics knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of tertiary care pediatricians in Ethiopia	53
Navigating ethics in HIV data and biomaterial management within Black, African, and Caribbean communities in Canada	42
What are the views of Quebec and Ontario citizens on the tiebreaker criteria for prioritizing access to adult critical care in the extreme context of a COVID-19 pandemic?	35
Establishing a clinical ethics support service: lessons from the first 18 months of a new Australian service – a case study	32
COVID-19 underscores the important role of Clinical Ethics Committees in Africa	32
Ethical considerations for biobanking and use of genomics data in Africa: a narrative review	32
The view of Hong Kong parents on secondary use of dried blood spots in newborn screening program	32
How patients experience respect in healthcare: findings from a qualitative study among multicultural women living with HIV	32
Cross-sectional survey of surrogate decision-making in Japanese medical practice	32
Perceptions, attitudes, and willingness of the public in low- and middle-income countries of the Arab region to participate in biobank research	31
Medical assistance in dying for people living with mental disorders: a qualitative thematic review	30
Exploring Researchers’ Perspectives on Institutional Review Boards Functions in Saudi Arabia: A Survey Utilizing the IRB-RAT Tool	29
Personal health monitoring in the armed forces – scouting the ethical dimension	28
Development and validation of a tool to assess researchers’ knowledge of human subjects’ rights and their attitudes toward research ethics education in Saudi Arabia	24
From ontological to relational: A scoping review of conceptions of dignity invoked in deliberations on medically assisted death	24
Medical students’ and residents’ views on euthanasia	24
Patient perspectives on advance euthanasia directives in Huntington’s disease. A qualitative interview study	23
'Some parts of the consent form are written using complex scientific language’: community perspectives on informed consent for research with pregnant and lactating mothers in Uganda	22
Health equity and distributive justice: views of high-level African policymakers	22
Electronic informed consent criteria for research ethics review: a scoping review	22

A Q methodology study on divergent perspectives on CRISPR-Cas9 in the Netherlands	22
Physicians’ views on the role of relatives in euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide decision-making: a mixed-methods study among physicians in the Netherlands	21
Opportunities and challenges of self-binding directives: an interview study with mental health service users and professionals in the Netherlands	21
Severity as a moral qualifier of malady	19
The role of bioethics services in paediatric intensive care units: a qualitative descriptive study	19
General practitioner residents and patients end-of life: involvement and consequences	19
A scoping review of considerations and practices for benefit sharing in biobanking	19
Childhood vaccine refusal and what to do about it: a systematic review of the ethical literature	19
A bioethical perspective on the meanings behind a wish to hasten death: a meta-ethnographic review	19
Increasing physician participation as subjects in scientific and quality improvement research	18
When is it considered reasonable to start a risky and uncomfortable treatment in critically ill patients? A random sample online questionnaire study	18
Perceptions on using surplus embryos for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease among the Swedish population: a qualitative study	18
Effectiveness of data auditing as a tool to reinforce good research data management (RDM) practice: a Singapore study	18
Mapping ethical issues in the use of smart home health technologies to care for older persons: a systematic review	18
Goods, causes and intentions: problems with applying the doctrine of double effect to palliative sedation	18
Parental awareness and perspectives on newborn screening in China: a questionnaire-based study	17
Why should HCWs receive priority access to vaccines in a pandemic?	17
Trust and professionalism in science: medical codes as a model for scientific negligence?	17
The ethics of explantation	16
Challenges and proposed solutions in making clinical research on COVID-19 ethical: a status quo analysis across German research ethics committees	16
Correction to: Under consent: participation of people with HIV in an Ebola vaccine trial in Canada	16
Key ethical issues encountered during COVID-19 research: a thematic analysis of perspectives from South African research ethics committees	15
Motivation to participate and experiences of the informed consent process for randomized clinical trials in emergency obstetric care in Uganda	15
A comparative ethical analysis of the Egyptian clinical research law	15
Are investigators’ access to trial data and rights to publish restricted and are potential trial participants informed about this? A comparison of trial protocols and informed consent materials	15
Ethical considerations for involving adolescents in biomedical HIV prevention research	15
Caring for older patients with reduced decision-making capacity: a deductive exploratory study of ambulance clinicians’ ethical competence	15
Uses of equipoise in discussions of the ethics of randomized controlled trials of COVID-19 therapies	15
To donate or not to donate? Future healthcare professionals’ opinions on biobanking of human biological material for research purposes	14
Does teaching medical ethics ensure good knowledge, attitude, and reported practice? An ethical vignette-based cross-sectional survey among doctors in a tertiary teaching hospital in Nepal	14
Participatory development of CURA, a clinical ethics support instrument for palliative care	14
The red packet phenomenon from the perspective of young Chinese doctors: a questionnaire study	14
Perspectives of agriculture, nutrition and health researchers regarding research governance in Malawi. Using a leadership, ethics, governance and systems framework	14
Inter-physician variability in strategies linked to treatment limitations after severe traumatic brain injury; proactivity or wait-and-see	14
A qualitative interview study of Australian physicians on defensive practice and low value care: “it’s easier to talk about our fear of lawyers than to talk about our fear of looking bad in front of e	14
Current status of umbilical cord blood storage and provision to private biobanks by institutions handling childbirth in Japan	14
An ethical analysis of clinical triage protocols and decision-making frameworks: what do the principles of justice, freedom, and a disability rights approach demand of us?	14
Something must happen before first breath	14
Can HIV vaccines be shared fairly? Perspectives from Tanzania	13
UK health researchers’ considerations of the environmental impacts of their data-intensive practices and its relevance to health inequities	13
Culturally appropriate consent processes for community-driven indigenous child health research: a scoping review	13
Normative framework of informed consent in clinical research in Germany, Poland, and Russia	13
Do biomedical researchers differ in their perceptions of plagiarism across Europe? Findings from an online survey among leading universities	13
Layered vulnerability and researchers’ responsibilities: learning from research involving Kenyan adolescents living with perinatal HIV infection	13
Refusal of patients: care for people without health insurance in German emergency departments	13
Correction to: Data-driven research and healthcare: public trust, data governance and the NHS	13
Ethical considerations related to virtual visiting for families and critically ill patients in intensive care: a qualitative descriptive study	13
A logic framework for addressing medical racism in academic medicine: an analysis of qualitative data	13
Negative performance feedback from algorithms or humans? effect of medical researchers’ algorithm aversion on scientific misconduct	13
Children as an afterthought during COVID-19: defining a child-inclusive ethical framework for pandemic policymaking	12

A scoping review of human genetic resources management policies and databases in high- and middle-low-income countries	12
What does engagement mean to participants in longitudinal cohort studies? A qualitative study	12
Ethical and practical considerations for HIV cure-related research at the end-of-life: a qualitative interview and focus group study in the United States	12
Ethics framework for citizen science and public and patient participation in research	12
“No, it is not a breach of my oath because it is beyond my control; I use the policies that are in place.” Ethical challenges faced by healthcare workers in the provision of healthcare to cross-border	12
Trust and digital privacy in healthcare: a cross-sectional descriptive study of trust and attitudes towards uses of electronic health data among the general public in Sweden	12
Regulating professional ethics in a context of technological change	12
How to deal with moral challenges around the decision-making competence in transgender adolescent care? Development of an ethics support tool	12
Japan should initiate the discussion on voluntary assisted dying legislation now	12
Community engagement conduct for genetics and genomics research: a qualitative study of the experiences and perspectives of key stakeholders in Uganda	12
Evaluation of the surgical informed consent for elective and emergency surgeries in obstetrics and gynaecology in Saudi Arabia	12
(Re)Conceptualising ‘good’ proxy decision-making for research: the implications for proxy consent decision quality	12
Secondary research use of personal medical data: patient attitudes towards data donation	12
‘I feel that injustice is being done to me’: a qualitative study of women’s viewpoints on the (lack of) reimbursement for social egg freezing	11
The theorisation of ‘best interests’ in bioethical accounts of decision-making	11
Development and psychometric properties of the nursing ethical decision-making ability scale	11
Ethical preparedness in health research and care: the role of behavioural approaches	11
Privacy and artificial intelligence: challenges for protecting health information in a new era	11
Ethics review of big data research: What should stay and what should be reformed?	11
Attitudes toward withholding antibiotics from people with dementia lacking decisional capacity: findings from a survey of Canadian stakeholders	11
Researchers experience and views on participants’ comprehension of informed consent in clinical trials in Malawi: a descriptive qualitative study	11
Physician-reported characteristics, representations, and ethical justifications of shared decision-making practices in the care of paediatric patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness	10
“I feel like I’m walking on eggshells”: a qualitative study of moral distress among Chinese emergency doctors	10
Assessment of decision-making autonomy in chronic pain patients: a pilot study	10
Correction: Evaluating the understanding of the ethical and moral challenges of Big Data and AI among Jordanian medical students, physicians in training, and senior practitioners: a cross-sectional st	10
A qualitative study of professionals’ perspectives on the ethics of medically-delivered safer injection education for people who inject drugs	10
“Everything has been tried and his heart can’t recover…”: A Descriptive Review of “Do Everything!” in the Archive of Ontario Consent and Capacity Board	10
Personalized and long-term electronic informed consent in clinical research: stakeholder views	10
Clinical ethics case consultation in a university department of cardiology and intensive care: a descriptive evaluation of consultation protocols	10
Putting patients first: when home-based care staff prioritise loyalty to patients above the system and themselves. An ethnographic study	10
Balancing benefits and burdens: a systematic review on ethical and social dimensions of gene and cell therapies for hereditary blood diseases	10
Effect of healthcare professionals’ perceived occupational stigma on organizational citizenship behavior: a moral cleansing perspective	10
Parental waivers to enable adolescent participation in certain forms of health research: lessons from a South African case study	10
Trustworthy artificial intelligence and ethical design: public perceptions of trustworthiness of an AI-based decision-support tool in the context of intrapartum care	9
The future of FemTech ethics & privacy – a global perspective	9
Correction: Technology solutionism in paediatric intensive care: clinicians’ perspectives of bioethical considerations	9
Navigating abortion law dilemmas: experiences and attitudes among Ethiopian health care professionals	9
Transparency of clinical practice guideline funding: a cross-sectional analysis of the German AWMF registry	9
Data-driven research and healthcare: public trust, data governance and the NHS	9
The Swedish translation and cultural adaptation of the Measure of Moral Distress for Healthcare Professionals (MMD-HP)	9
Adolescent and parental proxy online record access: analysis of the empirical evidence based on four bioethical principles	8
Objections to assisted dying within institutions: systemic solutions for rapprochement	8
Correction to: Mapping trust relationships in organ donation and transplantation: a conceptual model	8
A scoping review of genetics and genomics research ethics policies and guidelines for Africa	8
Opportunities and challenges of a dynamic consent-based application: personalized options for personal health data sharing and utilization	8
Moral conflicts from the justice and care perspectives of japanese nurses: a qualitative content analysis	8
Governance frameworks for COVID-19 research ethics review and oversight in Latin America: an exploratory study	8
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the ethics in medical research among Moroccan interns and resident physicians	8
Would you consider donating your left-over embryos to treat Parkinson’s disease? Interviews with individuals that underwent IVF in Sweden	8
Exploring patients’ rights awareness and implementations amongst hospitalized patients in Northern Palestine: insights from a local perspective	8
Project DECIDE, part II: decision-making places for people with dementia in Alzheimer’s disease: supporting advance decision-making by improving person-environment fit	8
Exploring moral competence regression: a narrative approach in medical ethics education for medical students	8
Making complex decisions in uncertain times: experiences of Dutch GPs as gatekeepers regarding hospital referrals during COVID-19—a qualitative study	8
Situational judgment using ethical reasoning in Saudi undergraduate pharmacy students	8
Exploring the consent process among pregnant and breastfeeding women taking part in a maternal vaccine clinical trial in Kampala, Uganda: a qualitative study	8
Promoting trans patient autonomy in surgical preparation for phalloplasty and metoidioplasty: results from a community-based cross-sectional survey and implications for preoperative assessments	8
Ethical constraints and dilemmas in the provision of in-vitro fertilization treatment in Ghana: from the perspectives of experts	8
The impact of moral injury on healthcare workers’ career calling: exploring authentic self-expression, ethical leadership, and self-compassion	7
Shared decision making and advance care planning: a systematic literature review and novel decision-making model	7
The CORBEL matrix on informed consent in clinical studies: a multidisciplinary approach of Research Infrastructures Building Enduring Life-science Services	7
Priority setting at the clinical level: the case of nusinersen and the Norwegian national expert group	7
Researcher views on returning results from multi-omics data to research participants: insights from The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) Study	7
Ethical issues in unprofessional behavior of residents who dispute dismissal: ten year analysis of case law in hospital-based specialties	7
Ethical implications of AI-driven clinical decision support systems on healthcare resource allocation: a qualitative study of healthcare professionals’ perspectives	7
Patient autonomy and metabolic bariatric surgery: an empirical perspective	7
“I haven’t had to bare my soul but now I kind of have to”: describing how voluntary assisted dying conscientious objectors anticipated approaching conversations with patients in Victoria, Australia	7
Ethics education to support ethical competence learning in healthcare: an integrative systematic review	7
Ethical issues in vaccine trial participation by adolescents: qualitative insights on family decision making from a human papillomavirus vaccine trial in Tanzania	6
Ethics, design, and implementation criteria of digital assistive technologies for people with dementia from a multiple stakeholder perspective: a qualitative study	6
Asking the right questions: towards a person-centered conception of shared decision-making regarding treatment of advanced chronic kidney disease in older patients	6
Correction to: Flaws in advance directives that request withdrawing assisted feeding in late-stage dementia may cause premature or prolonged dying	6
Biomedical engineering and ethics: reflections on medical devices and PPE during the first wave of COVID-19	6
Experimenting with modifications to consent forms in comparative effectiveness research: understanding the impact of language about financial implications and key information	6
A systematic approach to the disclosure of genomic findings in clinical practice and research: a proposed framework with colored matrix and decision-making pathways	6
A situation analysis of competences of research ethics committee members regarding review of research protocols with complex and emerging study designs in Uganda	6
The effects of lobbying on the FDA’s recall classification	6
Evaluation of an interactive education workshop on hospital pharmacists’ ethical reasoning: an observational study	6
Behind the scenes of research ethics committee oversight: a qualitative research study with committee chairs in the Middle East and North Africa region	6
Development, reliability, and validity of the nurses’ conscientious objection attitude scale (COAS-N)	6
Project DECIDE, part 1: increasing the amount of valid advance directives in people with Alzheimer’s disease by offering advance care planning—a prospective double-arm intervention study	6

Withdrawing or withholding treatments in health care rationing: an interview study on ethical views and implications	6
Exploration of clinical ethics consultation in Uganda: a case study of Uganda Cancer Institute	6
Attitudes and values among the Swedish general public to using human embryonic stem cells for medical treatment	6
Ethical considerations around volunteer payments in a malaria human infection study in Kenya: an embedded empirical ethics study	6
The social licence for data-intensive health research: towards co-creation, public value and trust	6
Reporting violations of European Charter of Patients’ Rights: analysis of patient complaints in Croatia	6
‘It’s not making a decision, it’s prompting the discussions’: a qualitative study exploring stakeholders’ views on the acceptability and feasibility of advance research planning (CONSULT-ADVANCE)	6
Medical staff’s sense of awareness of informed consent for adolescent cancer patients and the need for decision-making support practiced from the perspective of trauma-informed approach	6
Enhancing intercultural competence of German medical students through innovative teaching on medical ethics with a focus on Muslim patients – a pilot study	6
Where the public health principles meet the individual: a framework for the ethics of compulsory outpatient treatment in psychiatry	6
Gender differences in response to medical red packets (Hongbao, monetary gifts): a questionnaire study on young doctors in China	6
Ethical and coordinative challenges in setting up a national cohort study during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany	6
Extremely premature birth bioethical decision-making supported by dialogics and pragmatism	6
Correction to: Regulatory, scientific, and ethical issues arising from institutional activity in one of the 90 Italian Research Ethics Committees	6
An ethical code for collecting, using and transferring sensitive health data: outcomes of a modified Policy Delphi process in Singapore	6
Ethics in the operating room: a systematic review	6
Uncertain futures and unsolicited findings in pediatric genomic sequencing: guidelines for return of results in cases of developmental delay	6
Research, education, ethics consultation: evaluating a Bioethics Unit in an Oncological Research Hospital	5
Ethical use of artificial intelligence to prevent sudden cardiac death: an interview study of patient perspectives	5
A qualitative study of the spirituality of volunteers registered for human organ donation	5
Being torn by inevitable moral dilemma: experiences of ICU nurses	5
Differing needs for Advance Care Planning in the Veterans Health Administration: use of latent class analysis to identify subgroups to enhance Advance Care Planning via Group Visits for veterans	5
Presumed post-mortem donors: the degree of information among university students	5
Junior Medical Officers’ knowledge of advance care directives and substitute decision making for people without decision making capacity: a cross sectional survey	5
Speculation fit for a king? Medical announcements from the British royal family and the recurring ethical complexities of personal privacy and public commentary from physicians	5
Attitudes of Polish physicians, nurses and pharmacists towards the ethical and legal aspects of the conscience clause	5
Improving oncology first-in-human and Window of opportunity informed consent forms through participant feedback	5
Consent for withholding life-sustaining treatment in cancer patients: a retrospective comparative analysis before and after the enforcement of the Life Extension Medical Decision law	5
Patients’ views on using human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson’s disease: an interview study	5
Reply to reaction on ‘Organ donation after euthanasia starting at home in a patient with multiple system atrophy – case report’	5
Forensic mental health professionals’ perceptions of their dual loyalty conflict: findings from a qualitative study	5
A qualitative interview study to determine barriers and facilitators of implementing automated decision support tools for genomic data access	5
Oncologists’ perspective on advance directives, a French national prospective cross-sectional survey – the ADORE study	5
Scarcity of resources and inequity in access are frequently reported ethical issues for physiotherapists internationally: an observational study	5
The ethical requirement of explainability for AI-DSS in healthcare: a systematic review of reasons	5
Situational vulnerability within mental healthcare – a qualitative analysis of ethical challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic	5
Physicians’ legal knowledge of informed consent and confidentiality. A cross-sectional study	5
Patients’ and professionals’ views related to ethical issues in precision medicine: a mixed research synthesis	5
Developing the CARE intervention to enhance ethical self-efficacy in dementia care through the use of literary texts	5
An e-consent framework for tiered informed consent for human genomic research in the global south, implemented as a REDCap template	5
Decision-making approaches for children with life-limiting conditions: results from a qualitative phenomenological study	5
Exploring how biobanks communicate the possibility of commercial access and its associated benefits and risks in participant documents	5
Views on sharing mental health data for research purposes: qualitative analysis of interviews with people with mental illness	5
“I don’t think people are ready to trust these algorithms at face value”: trust and the use of machine learning algorithms in the diagnosis of rare disease	5
The dual role dilemma of liver transplantation health care professionals	5
Tensions between end-of-life care and organ donation in controlled donation after circulatory death: ICU healthcare professionals experiences	5
Moral approval of xenotransplantation in Egypt: associations with religion, attitudes towards animals and demographic factors	5
Attitudes on euthanasia among medical students and doctors in Sri Lanka: a cross sectional study	5
Identifying disincentives to ethics consultation requests among physicians, advance practice providers, and nurses: a quality improvement all staff survey at a tertiary academic medical center	4
Research based on existing clinical data and biospecimens: a systematic study of patients’ opinions	4
What drives public attitudes towards moral bioenhancement and why it matters: an exploratory study	4
Using symbiotic empirical ethics to explore the significance of relationships to clinical ethics: findings from the Reset Ethics research project	4
Perioperative medication therapy for Muslim patients in Germany undergoing oncological surgery: a retrospective study	4
Ethical and procedural issues for applying researcher-driven multi-national paediatric clinical trials in and outside the European Union: the challenging experience of the DEEP project	4
Qualitative studies involving users of clinical neurotechnology: a scoping review	4
A QALY is [still] a QALY is [still] a QALY?	4
Study protocol: the Australian genetics and life insurance moratorium—monitoring the effectiveness and response (A-GLIMMER) project	4
A genetic researcher’s devil’s dilemma: Warn relatives about their genetic risk or respect confidentiality agreements with research participants?	4
Should AI allocate livers for transplant? Public attitudes and ethical considerations	4
Ethical concerns in suicide research: thematic analysis of the views of human research ethics committees in Australia	4
Knowledge, opinions and experiences of researchers regarding ethical regulation of biomedical research in Benin: a cross-sectional study	4
Measuring moral distress in health professionals using the MMD-HP-SPA scale	4
Facing a request for assisted death - views of Finnish physicians, a mixed method study	4
Stakeholders' perspectives on research integrity training practices: a qualitative study	4
The impact on patients of objections by institutions to assisted dying: a qualitative study of family caregivers’ perceptions	4
The body as an obstacle and the “other”. How patients with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases view their body, self and the good life	4
Nurses’ experience of nasogastric tube feeding under restraint for Anorexia Nervosa in a psychiatric hospital	4
A policy Delphi study to validate the key implications of data sharing (KIDS) framework for pediatric genomics in Canada	4
Ethical challenges around thirst in end-of-life care –experiences of palliative care physicians	4
Pursuing impact in research: towards an ethical approach	4
A quantitative study of nurses perception to advance directive in selected private and public secondary healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria	4
Radiation in an emergency situation: attempting to respect the patient’s beliefs as reported by a minor	4
Attitudes of the Portuguese population towards advance directives: an online survey	4
Practice variation in the informed consent procedure for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: a survey among neurologists and neurology residents	4
Development and validation of the code of ethics for midwives in Iran	4
Stakeholder views on informed consent models for future use of biological samples in Malawi and South Africa	4
Investigating ethical considerations in the communication network of married women undergone hysterectomy: instrumentation of a questionnaire	4
A qualitative study of experiences of institutional objection to medical assistance in dying in Canada: ongoing challenges and catalysts for change	4
Professional and academic profile of the Brazilian research ethics committees	4
Experiences and attitudes of medical professionals on treatment of end-of-life patients in intensive care units in the Republic of Croatia: a cross-sectional study	4
Between hope and future planning: the dementia journey for care partners through the lens of relational autonomy	3
Ethical challenges in organ transplantation for Syrian refugees in Türkiye	3
Ownership of individual-level health data, data sharing, and data governance	3
Development of a core outcome set for informed consent for therapy: An international key stakeholder consensus study	3
Patient-centred care and patient autonomy: doctors’ views in Chinese hospitals	3
Consent in organ transplantation: putting legal obligations and guidelines into practice	3
“I am in favour of organ donation, but I feel you should opt-in”—qualitative analysis of the #options 2020 survey free-text responses from NHS staff toward opt-out organ donation legislation in Englan	3
Trends in Swedish physicians’ attitudes towards physician-assisted suicide: a cross-sectional study	3
Junior medical doctors’ decision making when using advance care directives to guide treatment for people with dementia: a cross-sectional vignette study	3
Family roles in informed consent from the perspective of young Chinese doctors: a questionnaire study	3
Patients’ preference approach to overcome the moral implications of family-centred decisions in Saudi medical settings	3
Students’ attitudes toward euthanasia and abortion: a cross-cultural study in three Mediterranean countries	3
The challenges of keeping clinicians unaware of their participation in a national, cluster-randomised, implementation trial	3
Future healthcare providers and professionalism on social media: a cross-sectional study	3
Decision-making and ethical dilemmas experienced by hospital physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic	3