BMC Medical Ethics

Article	Citations
Increasing physician participation as subjects in scientific and quality improvement research	425
Perceptions on using surplus embryos for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease among the Swedish population: a qualitative study	115
Participatory development of CURA, a clinical ethics support instrument for palliative care	105
A scoping review of human genetic resources management policies and databases in high- and middle-low-income countries	100
Personal health monitoring in the armed forces – scouting the ethical dimension	55
What are the views of Quebec and Ontario citizens on the tiebreaker criteria for prioritizing access to adult critical care in the extreme context of a COVID-19 pandemic?	48
Cross-sectional survey of surrogate decision-making in Japanese medical practice	40
How patients experience respect in healthcare: findings from a qualitative study among multicultural women living with HIV	39
Community engagement conduct for genetics and genomics research: a qualitative study of the experiences and perspectives of key stakeholders in Uganda	36
Development and validation of a tool to assess researchers’ knowledge of human subjects’ rights and their attitudes toward research ethics education in Saudi Arabia	36
Patient perspectives on advance euthanasia directives in Huntington’s disease. A qualitative interview study	34
Establishing a clinical ethics support service: lessons from the first 18 months of a new Australian service – a case study	33
Ethical considerations for involving adolescents in biomedical HIV prevention research	33
Key ethical issues encountered during COVID-19 research: a thematic analysis of perspectives from South African research ethics committees	33
A qualitative study of professionals’ perspectives on the ethics of medically-delivered safer injection education for people who inject drugs	32
Ethical considerations for biobanking and use of genomics data in Africa: a narrative review	32
Promoting trans patient autonomy in surgical preparation for phalloplasty and metoidioplasty: results from a community-based cross-sectional survey and implications for preoperative assessments	31
Putting patients first: when home-based care staff prioritise loyalty to patients above the system and themselves. An ethnographic study	29
“Everything has been tried and his heart can’t recover…”: A Descriptive Review of “Do Everything!” in the Archive of Ontario Consent and Capacity Board	29
Readability of health research informed consent forms: case of the National Health Research Ethics Committee in Tanzania	27
Medical staff’s sense of awareness of informed consent for adolescent cancer patients and the need for decision-making support practiced from the perspective of trauma-informed approach	25
Uncertain futures and unsolicited findings in pediatric genomic sequencing: guidelines for return of results in cases of developmental delay	24
Behind the scenes of research ethics committee oversight: a qualitative research study with committee chairs in the Middle East and North Africa region	24
Correction to: Mapping trust relationships in organ donation and transplantation: a conceptual model	24
Ethical use of artificial intelligence to prevent sudden cardiac death: an interview study of patient perspectives	23

Differing needs for Advance Care Planning in the Veterans Health Administration: use of latent class analysis to identify subgroups to enhance Advance Care Planning via Group Visits for veterans	23
Governance frameworks for COVID-19 research ethics review and oversight in Latin America: an exploratory study	23
Being torn by inevitable moral dilemma: experiences of ICU nurses	23
Objections to assisted dying within institutions: systemic solutions for rapprochement	23
The dual role dilemma of liver transplantation health care professionals	22
How to deal with the criterion of severe mental distress for late termination of pregnancy? A scoping literature review and a content analysis of clinical ethics consultations	22
Ethics education to support ethical competence learning in healthcare: an integrative systematic review	22
A qualitative focus group study on legal experts’ views regarding euthanasia requests based on an advance euthanasia directive	21
Ethics rounds in the ambulance service: a qualitative evaluation	21
Ownership of individual-level health data, data sharing, and data governance	20
Moral approval of xenotransplantation in Egypt: associations with religion, attitudes towards animals and demographic factors	20
The search for the principle of justice for infertile couples: characterization of the brazilian population and bioethical discussion	19
Family roles in informed consent from the perspective of young Chinese doctors: a questionnaire study	19
Investigating ethical considerations in the communication network of married women undergone hysterectomy: instrumentation of a questionnaire	19
Clinical ethics consultations: a scoping review of reported outcomes	18
Attitudes about withholding or withdrawing life-prolonging treatment, euthanasia, assisted suicide, and physician assisted suicide: a cross-sectional survey among the general public in Croatia	18
Genetic/genomic testing: defining the parameters for ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI)	18
Trends in Swedish physicians’ attitudes towards physician-assisted suicide: a cross-sectional study	18
Physicians’ legal knowledge of informed consent and confidentiality. A cross-sectional study	18
Professional and academic profile of the Brazilian research ethics committees	18
The challenges of keeping clinicians unaware of their participation in a national, cluster-randomised, implementation trial	18
A quantitative study of nurses perception to advance directive in selected private and public secondary healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria	17
Exploring knowledge and attitudes toward electronic informed consent among clinical trial participants in China: a cross-sectional study	17
The impact on patients of objections by institutions to assisted dying: a qualitative study of family caregivers’ perceptions	17
Should AI allocate livers for transplant? Public attitudes and ethical considerations	16
Biases in bioethics: a narrative review	16
How to reveal disguised paternalism: version 2.0	16
Conceptualizing the impact of moral case deliberation: a multiple-case study in a health care institution for people with intellectual disabilities	16
Patient-centered empirical research on ethically relevant psychosocial and cultural aspects of cochlear, glaucoma and cardiovascular implants – a scoping review	16
Differences between doctors of medicine and dental medicine in the perception of professionalism on social networking sites: the development of the e-professionalism assessment compatibility index (eP	16
Measuring moral distress in health professionals using the MMD-HP-SPA scale	16
Ethical considerations for HIV remission clinical research involving participants diagnosed during acute HIV infection	16
Understanding drug exceptional access programs (DEAPs) in Canada, and their associated social and political issues	16
The genetic technologies questionnaire: lay judgments about genetic technologies align with ethical theory, are coherent, and predict behaviour	15
Operationalising a real-time research ethics approach: supporting ethical mindfulness in agriculture-nutrition-health research in Malawi	15
How prehospital emergency personnel manage ethical challenges: the importance of confidence, trust, and safety	15
The ethics of practicing defensive medicine in Jordan: a diagnostic study	15
Nurses’ ethical decision-making during end of life care in South Korea: a cross-sectional descriptive survey	15
Examining study participants’ decision-making and ethics-related experiences in a dietary community randomized controlled trial in Malawi	15
Ethical concerns when recruiting children with cancer for research: Swedish healthcare professionals’ perceptions and experiences	14
Investigating impact of consulting midwives on maternal rights charter on perception of respectful maternity care and postpartum blues among postpartum women: a quasi-experimental study	14
The voice of the profession: how the ethical demand is professionally refracted in the work of general practitioners	14
Ethical considerations and concerns in the implementation of AI in pharmacy practice: a cross-sectional study	14
High-reward, high-risk technologies? An ethical and legal account of AI development in healthcare	14
‘Guidance should have been there 15 years ago’ research stakeholders’ perspectives on ancillary care in the global south: a case study of Malawi	14
Analysis of ethical considerations of COVID‑19 vaccination: lessons for future	14
Moral distress and positive experiences of ICU staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned	14
Moral distress and ethical climate in intensive care medicine during COVID-19: a nationwide study	13
Cardiac organoids do not warrant additional moral scrutiny	13
Third-party refusal of medical treatment – a critical analysis of case report from Islamic ethical perspectives	13

Public attitudes towards genomic data sharing: results from a provincial online survey in Canada	13
Performance of IRBs in China: a survey on IRB employees and researchers’ experiences and perceptions	13
Exploring the foundations and influences of nurses’moral courage: a scoping review	13
Willingness toward post-mortem body donation to science at a Mexican university: an exploratory survey	13
Exploring health and disease concepts in healthcare practice: an empirical philosophy of medicine study	13
Managing community engagement in research in Uganda: insights from practices in HIV/AIDS research	13
The ethical implications of verbal autopsy: responding to emotional and moral distress	13
Encompassing trust in medical AI from the perspective of medical students: a quantitative comparative study	12
Healthcare practitioners as accomplices: a qualitative study of gender affirmation in a context of ambiguous regulation in Indonesia	12
Informed consent in psychotherapy: a survey on attitudes among psychotherapists in Switzerland	12
Analyzing the paradigmatic cases of two persons with a disorder of consciousness: reflections on the legal and ethical perspectives	12
Emergency separation of conjoined twins in a tertiary hospital in Indonesia: three case reports	12
Participant recall and understandings of information on biobanking and future genomic research: experiences from a multi-disease community-based health screening and biobank platform in rural South Af	12
Ethical dilemmas in prioritizing patients for scarce radiotherapy resources	12
Planning ahead for research participation: survey of public and professional stakeholders’ views about the acceptability and feasibility of advance research planning	12
“She was finally mine”: the moral experience of families in the context of trisomy 13 and 18– a scoping review with thematic analysis	12
Questionable research practices of medical and dental faculty in Pakistan – a confession	12
Ethical challenges in conducting research in low and middle income setting during public health emergencies: a qualitative evidence of a COVID-19 pandemic: the experience of Iran	11
Surgical consent, perception of the patients who underwent a surgical operation in the Kurdistan region, Iraq	11
Factors influencing practitioners’ who do not participate in ethically complex, legally available care: scoping review	11
How is physicians’ implicit prejudice against the obese and mentally ill moderated by specialty and experience?	11
Development and validation of an instrument to measure pediatric nurses' adherence to ethical codes	11
How does patient-centered hospital culture affect clinical physicians’ medical professional attitudes and behaviours in Chinese public hospitals: a cross-sectional study?	11
Physicians’ moral distinctions between medical assistance in dying (MAiD) and withdrawing life-sustaining treatment in Canada: a qualitative descriptive study	11
A review of clinical ethics consultations in a regional healthcare system over a two-year timeframe	11
Travelling to die: views, attitudes and end-of-life preferences of Israelis considering receiving aid-in-dying in Switzerland	11
Experience and perspectives of end-of-life care discussion and physician orders for life-sustaining treatment of Korea (POLST-K): a cross-sectional study	10
Cross-cultural validation of the IRB Researcher Assessment Tool: Chinese Version	10
Achieving inclusive research priority-setting: what do people with lived experience and the public think is essential?	10
Japan should initiate the discussion on voluntary assisted dying legislation now	10
Conscientious objection and barriers to abortion within a specific regional context - an expert interview study	10
The public impact of academic and print media portrayals of TMS: shining a spotlight on discrepancies in the literature	10
Increasing efficiency and well-being? a systematic review of the empirical claims of the double-benefit argument in socially assistive devices	10
Developing a digital informed consent app: opportunities and challenges of a new format to inform and obtain consent in public health research	10
Medical assistance in dying for people living with mental disorders: a qualitative thematic review	10
Exploring barriers and ethical challenges to medical data sharing: perspectives from Chinese researchers	10
Risks and benefits of engaging youth living with HIV in research: perspectives from Kenyan Youth, caregivers, and subject matter experts	10
Exploring defensive medicine: examples, underlying and contextual factors, and potential strategies - a qualitative study	10
Ethical decision-making climate, moral distress, and intention to leave among ICU professionals in a tertiary academic hospital center	10
Children’s voices on their values and moral dilemmas when being cared and treated for cancer– a qualitative interview study	10
A comparative ethical analysis of the Egyptian clinical research law	9
Exploring the consent process among pregnant and breastfeeding women taking part in a maternal vaccine clinical trial in Kampala, Uganda: a qualitative study	9
A bioethical perspective on the meanings behind a wish to hasten death: a meta-ethnographic review	9
Attitudes toward withholding antibiotics from people with dementia lacking decisional capacity: findings from a survey of Canadian stakeholders	9
What does engagement mean to participants in longitudinal cohort studies? A qualitative study	9
Physician-reported characteristics, representations, and ethical justifications of shared decision-making practices in the care of paediatric patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness	9
To donate or not to donate? Future healthcare professionals’ opinions on biobanking of human biological material for research purposes	9
Disparity in attitudes regarding assisted dying among physicians and the general public in Japan	9
Would you consider donating your left-over embryos to treat Parkinson’s disease? Interviews with individuals that underwent IVF in Sweden	9
Exploration of clinical ethics consultation in Uganda: a case study of Uganda Cancer Institute	8
A qualitative interview study to determine barriers and facilitators of implementing automated decision support tools for genomic data access	8
Project DECIDE, part 1: increasing the amount of valid advance directives in people with Alzheimer’s disease by offering advance care planning—a prospective double-arm intervention study	8
Exploring how biobanks communicate the possibility of commercial access and its associated benefits and risks in participant documents	8
Correction: Evaluating the understanding of the ethical and moral challenges of Big Data and AI among Jordanian medical students, physicians in training, and senior practitioners: a cross-sectional st	8
Where the public health principles meet the individual: a framework for the ethics of compulsory outpatient treatment in psychiatry	8
Forensic mental health professionals’ perceptions of their dual loyalty conflict: findings from a qualitative study	8
A literature review of non-financial conflicts of interest in healthcare research and publication	8
Making complex decisions in uncertain times: experiences of Dutch GPs as gatekeepers regarding hospital referrals during COVID-19—a qualitative study	8
“I haven’t had to bare my soul but now I kind of have to”: describing how voluntary assisted dying conscientious objectors anticipated approaching conversations with patients in Victoria, Australia	8
The impact of moral injury on healthcare workers’ career calling: exploring authentic self-expression, ethical leadership, and self-compassion	8
Adolescent and parental proxy online record access: analysis of the empirical evidence based on four bioethical principles	8
Ethical implications of AI-driven clinical decision support systems on healthcare resource allocation: a qualitative study of healthcare professionals’ perspectives	8
Ethical issues in unprofessional behavior of residents who dispute dismissal: ten year analysis of case law in hospital-based specialties	8
Moral conflicts from the justice and care perspectives of japanese nurses: a qualitative content analysis	8
Oncologists’ perspective on advance directives, a French national prospective cross-sectional survey – the ADORE study	7
It takes a pirate to know one: ethical hackers for healthcare cybersecurity	7
A genetic researcher’s devil’s dilemma: Warn relatives about their genetic risk or respect confidentiality agreements with research participants?	7
Developing new ways to listen: the value of narrative approaches in empirical (bio)ethics	7
“Data makes the story come to life:” understanding the ethical and legal implications of Big Data research involving ethnic minority healthcare workers in the United Kingdom—a qualitative study	7
Junior medical doctors’ decision making when using advance care directives to guide treatment for people with dementia: a cross-sectional vignette study	7
Biomedical engineering and ethics: reflections on medical devices and PPE during the first wave of COVID-19	7
Consent for withholding life-sustaining treatment in cancer patients: a retrospective comparative analysis before and after the enforcement of the Life Extension Medical Decision law	7
The research relationship: participant perspectives on consent in biobanking	7
Diversity in decentralized clinical trials: prioritizing inclusion of underrepresented groups	7
Practice variation in the informed consent procedure for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: a survey among neurologists and neurology residents	7
Trustworthy artificial intelligence and ethical design: public perceptions of trustworthiness of an AI-based decision-support tool in the context of intrapartum care	7
Between hope and future planning: the dementia journey for care partners through the lens of relational autonomy	7
Which features of patients are morally relevant in ventilator triage? A survey of the UK public	7
Attitudes on euthanasia among medical students and doctors in Sri Lanka: a cross sectional study	7
Ethical and practical considerations for cell and gene therapy toward an HIV cure: findings from a qualitative in-depth interview study in the United States	7

Future healthcare providers and professionalism on social media: a cross-sectional study	7
The missing voices in the conscientious objection debate: British service users’ experiences of conscientious objection to abortion	6
Should Artificial Intelligence be used to support clinical ethical decision-making? A systematic review of reasons	6
Caregiver reactions to neuroimaging evidence of covert consciousness in patients with severe brain injury: a qualitative interview study	6
Scarcity of resources and inequity in access are frequently reported ethical issues for physiotherapists internationally: an observational study	6
Dealing with sexual boundary violation in mental healthcare institutions by government policies: the case of Flanders, Belgium	6
Evaluating cognitive bias in clinical ethics supports: a scoping review	6
Medical ethics in childbirth: a structural equation modeling approach in south of Iran	6
Undisclosed probing into decision-making capacity: a dilemma in secondary care	6
AI-driven decision support systems and epistemic reliance: a qualitative study on obstetricians’ and midwives’ perspectives on integrating AI-driven CTG into clinical decision making	6
Patient-centred care and patient autonomy: doctors’ views in Chinese hospitals	6
The ethical requirement of explainability for AI-DSS in healthcare: a systematic review of reasons	6
Ethical considerations during Mpox Outbreak: a scoping review	6
Situational vulnerability within mental healthcare – a qualitative analysis of ethical challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic	6
Researching the future: scenarios to explore the future of human genome editing	6
Patients accept therapy using embryonic stem cells for Parkinson’s disease: a discrete choice experiment	6
Patient priorities for fulfilling the principle of respect in research: findings from a modified Delphi study	6
Consent to organ offers from public health service “Increased Risk” donors decreases time to transplant and waitlist mortality	6
Research, education, ethics consultation: evaluating a Bioethics Unit in an Oncological Research Hospital	6
Exploring bias risks in artificial intelligence and targeted medicines manufacturing	6
Guardians and research staff experiences and views about the consent process in hospital-based paediatric research studies in urban Malawi: A qualitative study	6
The impact of reporting magnetic resonance imaging incidental findings in the Canadian alliance for healthy hearts and minds cohort	6
The high-priority ethical issues of advanced paternal age: perspectives from a panel of experts in the fields of men reproduction and family building	5
Decision-making ethics in regards to life-sustaining interventions: when physicians refer to what other patients decide	5
Fragmented understanding: exploring the practice and meaning of informed consent in clinical trials in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam	5
Reporting ethical approval in health and social science articles: an audit of adherence to GDPR and national legislation	5
Why did not all studies conducted during Darfur’s armed conflict obtain ethics approval? Insights from a qualitative study	5
Shared care planning in people with cognitive disorders and dementia: a survey among patients and caregivers in Italy	5
REPRESENT: REPresentativeness of RESearch data obtained through the ‘General Informed ConsENT’	5
A scoping review of ethics review processes during public health emergencies in Africa	5
Pushing poverty off limits: quality improvement and the architecture of healthcare values	5
Communication of patients’ and family members’ ethical concerns to their healthcare providers	5
Assent, parental consent and reconsent for health research in Africa: thematic analysis of national guidelines and lessons from the SickleInAfrica registry	5
The ethics of machine learning-based clinical decision support: an analysis through the lens of professionalisation theory	5
Urban people’s preferences for life-sustaining treatment or artificial nutrition and hydration in advance decisions	5
Documentation of ethically relevant information in out-of-hospital resuscitation is rare: a Danish nationwide observational study of 16,495 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests	5
Integrating ethics in AI development: a qualitative study	5
Operationalization of assent for research participation in pre-adolescent children: a scoping review	5
Psychometric testing of the Swedish version of the measure of moral distress for healthcare professionals (MMD-HP)	5
Patients acceptance and comprehension to written and verbal consent (PAC–VC)	5
A case study of Muslims’ perspectives of expanded terminal sedation:addressing the elephant in the room	5
Organ donation after euthanasia starting at home in a patient with multiple system atrophy	5
Citizen attitudes to non-treatment decision making: a Norwegian survey	5
What outcomes of moral case deliberations are perceived important for healthcare professionals to handle moral challenges? A national cross-sectional study in paediatric oncology	5
“That’s just Future Medicine” - a qualitative study on users’ experiences of symptom checker apps	5
Exploring the ethical decision-making experience of caregivers of end stage cancer patients in Iran: a phenomenological study	5
Perception of the ethical climate among hospital employees in a public healthcare system: a cross-sectional survey at the University Hospital of Split, Croatia	5
Artificial Intelligence to support ethical decision-making for incapacitated patients: a survey among German anesthesiologists and internists	5
Disclosure of true medical information: the case of Bangladesh	5
Institutional review boards in Saudi Arabia: the first survey-based report on their functions and operations	5
Ethical self-efficacy among healthcare professionals caring for people with dementia: a brief pre- and post-report on the CARE intervention	5
Impact of the life-sustaining treatment decision act on organ donation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in South Korea: a multi-centre retrospective study	5
Supporting patient decision-making in non-invasive prenatal testing: a comparative study of professional values and practices in England and France	5
Association between knowledge and attitudes towards advance directives in emergency services	4
Exploring patients’ rights awareness and implementations amongst hospitalized patients in Northern Palestine: insights from a local perspective	4
Are investigators’ access to trial data and rights to publish restricted and are potential trial participants informed about this? A comparison of trial protocols and informed consent materials	4
Assessment of decision-making autonomy in chronic pain patients: a pilot study	4
Researchers experience and views on participants’ comprehension of informed consent in clinical trials in Malawi: a descriptive qualitative study	4
Correction: Technology solutionism in paediatric intensive care: clinicians’ perspectives of bioethical considerations	4
“No, it is not a breach of my oath because it is beyond my control; I use the policies that are in place.” Ethical challenges faced by healthcare workers in the provision of healthcare to cross-border	4
Correction to: Under consent: participation of people with HIV in an Ebola vaccine trial in Canada	4
Informed or misinformed consent and use of modified texture diets in dysphagia	4
Views on sharing mental health data for research purposes: qualitative analysis of interviews with people with mental illness	4
Extremely premature birth bioethical decision-making supported by dialogics and pragmatism	4
A QALY is [still] a QALY is [still] a QALY?	4
Speculation fit for a king? Medical announcements from the British royal family and the recurring ethical complexities of personal privacy and public commentary from physicians	4
Attitudes and values among the Swedish general public to using human embryonic stem cells for medical treatment	4
Ethics, design, and implementation criteria of digital assistive technologies for people with dementia from a multiple stakeholder perspective: a qualitative study	4
Trust and digital privacy in healthcare: a cross-sectional descriptive study of trust and attitudes towards uses of electronic health data among the general public in Sweden	4
Project DECIDE, part II: decision-making places for people with dementia in Alzheimer’s disease: supporting advance decision-making by improving person-environment fit	4
Goods, causes and intentions: problems with applying the doctrine of double effect to palliative sedation	4
Regulating professional ethics in a context of technological change	4
Evaluation of the surgical informed consent for elective and emergency surgeries in obstetrics and gynaecology in Saudi Arabia	4
The role of bioethics services in paediatric intensive care units: a qualitative descriptive study	4
Effect of healthcare professionals’ perceived occupational stigma on organizational citizenship behavior: a moral cleansing perspective	4
Justification for requiring disclosure of diagnoses and prognoses to dying patients in saudi medical settings: a Maqasid Al-Shariah-based Islamic bioethics approach	4
Developing the CARE intervention to enhance ethical self-efficacy in dementia care through the use of literary texts	4
“I am in favour of organ donation, but I feel you should opt-in”—qualitative analysis of the #options 2020 survey free-text responses from NHS staff toward opt-out organ donation legislation in Englan	4
Radiation in an emergency situation: attempting to respect the patient’s beliefs as reported by a minor	4
“It is difficult to be absolutely sure one way or the other.” – a mixed method study on Finnish physicians’ views on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide	4
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the ethics in medical research among Moroccan interns and resident physicians	4
Ethics framework for citizen science and public and patient participation in research	4
Nurses’ experience of nasogastric tube feeding under restraint for Anorexia Nervosa in a psychiatric hospital	4
Ethics support for ethics support: the development of the Confidentiality Compass for dealing with moral challenges concerning (breaching) confidentiality in moral case deliberation	4
Medical students’ and residents’ views on euthanasia	4
The view of Hong Kong parents on secondary use of dried blood spots in newborn screening program	4
Ethics, orthodoxies and defensive practice: a cross-sectional survey of nurse’s decision-making surrounding CPR in deceased inpatients without Do Not Resuscitate orders	4
General practitioner residents and patients end-of life: involvement and consequences	4
Patients’ views on using human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson’s disease: an interview study	4
Students’ attitudes toward euthanasia and abortion: a cross-cultural study in three Mediterranean countries	4
Capacity of community advisory boards for effective engagement in clinical research: a mixed methods study	4
Scoping review and thematic analysis of informed consent in humanitarian emergencies	3
The association between perceived hospital ethical climate and self-evaluated care quality for COVID-19 patients: the mediating role of ethical sensitivity among Chinese anti-pandemic nurses	3
Equivalence of care, confidentiality, and professional independence must underpin the hospital care of individuals experiencing incarceration	3
Solitary death and new lifestyles during and after COVID-19: wearable devices and public health ethics	3