OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Nature Reviews Immunology is 2. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-08-01 to 2025-08-01.)

Article	Citations
The mole rat’s secret to cancer resistance	977
Author Correction: Strategies for HIV-1 vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies	851
Natural killer cells that target autoimmune cells linked with protection against multiple sclerosis	736
Heart failure affects innate immune memory	593
Comparing neurological complications after COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection	575
Regulation goes awry in the liver	532
Lymphocytes in lockdown	504
Early life antibiotics have lasting effects on the lung epithelium	427
Vaccines only partially protect against Long COVID	404
Muscle spindle macrophages regulate motor coordination	359
Human immune organoids: a tool to study vaccine responses	358
Regulation of cGAS–STING signalling and its diversity of cellular outcomes	354
The danger theory of immunity revisited	342
The precursors of CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells: from lymphoid organs to infected tissues	309
Decoding the human prenatal immune system with single-cell multi-omics	305
Viral infection and antiviral immunity in the oral cavity	286
The immunology of asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis	284
Exercise induces metabolic changes in the gut microbiota that enhance anti-tumour T cell responses	282
BCG plus β-glucan trains neutrophils to beat bladder cancer	282
Challenges in developing personalized neoantigen cancer vaccines	265
Broadly neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses	264
Stressed tumours release immunosuppressive vesicles	262
Omicron alone provides limited cross-protection	252
Gut commensals promote antiviral immunity via extracellular vesicles	247
Targeting malaria transmission	246

Lessons from vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia	238
The distinctive immune features of long COVID	232
Human T follicular regulatory cells with helper and regulatory lineage origins	232
Encouraging vaccine uptake: lessons from behavioural science	229
Neutrophils are dispensable for Shigella control: macrophages take centre stage	229
B cells in central nervous system disease: diversity, locations and pathophysiology	224
How bile acids and the microbiota interact to shape host immunity	216
The NLR gene family: from discovery to present day	214
Fatty liver disease induced by maternal obesity is driven by metabolic rewiring of Kupffer cells	196
Antiviral neutralizing antibodies: from in vitro to in vivo activity	193
Mechanistic insights from inflammasome structures	192
Novel insights into the immune response to bacterial T cell superantigens	190
A guide to adaptive immune memory	186
Blood neutrophil subset predicts the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer	174
Mapping the developmental trajectory and recruitment of memory-phenotype Ly49+CD8+ T cells	172
Adaptive meets innate: CD8+ T cells kill MHC-I-negative tumour cells	169
The germinal centre B cell response to SARS-CoV-2	167
The cancer-immune dialogue in the context of stress	165
T cell–eosinophil collaboration	157
You are what you ate: myeloid cells trained by fatty acids	146
Online immunology education for a global world	143
Bile duct tuft cells regulate immune defences	143
Cross reactive T cells hold up against Omicron	142
Author Correction: SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1 – A Tale of Two Vaccines	141
Author Correction: Perivascular macrophages in health and disease	140
The kiss a cell can’t forget: tracking cell–cell interactions with uLIPSTIC	137
APOL1 variants contribute to racial disparity in sepsis	136
Gut ILC2s remember IL-25	131
Spatial adaptation of eosinophils and their emerging roles in homeostasis, infection and disease	130
The OrganiX microfluidic system to recreate the complex tumour microenvironment	130
Splenic stromal niches in homeostasis and immunity	130
Salt sensitivity includes effects on immune cell signalling and metabolism	130
Defective viral genomes can protect against SARS-CoV-2 variants and other respiratory viruses	126
Feeding IgA+ plasma cells	125
Mechanistic insights into Long COVID in hamsters	125
Bacteria in tumours promote cancer progression	121
JAKs drive innate-like TH9 cell activation in allergy	120
Negative regulation of fungal immunity by STING	116
Spatial resolution of host–microbiome interactions	116
Low risk of CAR T cells going rogue	115
An ILC3-intrinsic, CTLA4-dependent intestinal checkpoint	115
Olfactory immunology: the missing piece in airway and CNS defence	112
Monocytes rule energy metabolism with an iron fist	111
Neutrophils make matrix to fortify barrier immunity	108
Strategies for HIV-1 vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies	107
Author Correction: Cancer cell metabolism and antitumour immunity	107
The spatial and temporal activation of macrophages during fibrosis	104
The interplay of immunology and cachexia in infection and cancer	99
The immunopathogenesis of narcolepsy type 1	98
Monkeypox: disease epidemiology, host immunity and clinical interventions	97

The biology of TREM receptors	96
Lessons in self-defence: inhibition of virus entry by intrinsic immunity	90
A guide to antigen processing and presentation	90
Foetal sex affects maternal and placental immune responses to SARS-CoV-2	87
Author Correction: Immune dysregulation and immunopathology induced by SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses — are we our own worst enemy?	87
T cells target viral protein to remove senescent fibroblasts	87
Rejuvenation through checkpoint inhibitors?	86
Commensal fungi support granulocyte development	85
Guardians of immune privilege	85
Immune-mediated inflammatory disease therapeutics: past, present and future	84
Publisher Correction: Immunological studies in trans-individuals undergoing gender affirming hormone therapy	84
MR1 antigen presentation to MAIT cells and other MR1-restricted T cells	81
Podoplanin mediates stromal–immune crosstalk in the lymph node	81
We need to keep an eye on avian influenza	81
Spatial immunometabolic zonation in tuberculosis granulomas	80
mRNA vaccine for treating pancreatic cancer	79
The regulation and differentiation of regulatory T cells and their dysfunction in autoimmune diseases	77
Local immune recognition of trophoblast in early human pregnancy: controversies and questions	73
Glomerulonephritis: immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy	72
DNA damage and repair in age-related inflammation	72
Turning on anti-tumour T cells via MTAP	71
Bacterial serotonin induces Treg cells in neonates	68
Pollution impairs lung defences with age	68
Hypoxia and IL-24 drive a sterile wound healing pathway	65
Neutralizing autoantibodies against type 1 interferons identified in West Nile virus encephalitis	64
γδ T cells sense disturbance	64
Boosting cytotoxic T cells for immunotherapy	63
Actin branching maintains tissue-resident mast cells	63
Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 linked to HLA-B*15:01	63
Microbiota licenses protective CD8+ T cell responses against neonatal influenza	63
A billion-year-old mechanism of innate immunity uncovered	62
Early antiviral type I interferon impairs lung metastasis	61
Insights into immune cell–fibroblast communication in heart disease	58
Lung-resident memory B cells class-switch to IgE	58
Defining myeloid-derived suppressor cells	57
CODEX multiplexed tissue imaging	57
Beyond neutralization: Fc-dependent antibody effector functions in SARS-CoV-2 infection	56
Understanding human mast cells: lesson from therapies for allergic and non-allergic diseases	55
Integrated organ immunity: a path to a universal vaccine	54
IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells in protection versus pathology	54
The renaissance of oral tolerance: merging tradition and new insights	49
First glimpses into the mechanisms of Long COVID	48
B cell-derived acetylcholine curbs haematopoiesis	48
Immunology of food aversion	46
Effect of prenatal stress on the developing brain	46
The epigenetic ghost of infections past	44
The autoinflammatory disease APLAID is driven by G-CSF	44
Author Correction: The immunology of long COVID	42
A pan-cancer signature for dysfunctional T cells	42
When ‘mild’ COVID-19 is not so mild	41
Mitochondria in monocyte-derived cells promote tissue damage in multiple sclerosis	41
PerturbView: scalable image-based perturbation screens in cells and tissues	40
NMDAR-directed CAAR T cells show promise for autoimmune encephalitis	40
Bacteria tag tumours for CAR T cell attack	38
Modified uridines are the key to a successful message	35
Disturbance of cytoskeleton primes RIG-I-like receptors	35
Modelling vaccination strategies for COVID-19	34
Defining the TH17 cell lineage	34
Inflammatory rewiring	34
Trogocytosis challenges the cellular specificity of lineage markers and monoclonal antibodies	33
Understanding COVID-19-associated coagulopathy	32
How the immune system shapes atherosclerosis: roles of innate and adaptive immunity	32
Boosting glymphatic drainage via adrenergic receptor inhibition protects the injured brain	32
SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy	31
Role of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in allergy and beyond	31
The role of galectins in immunity and infection	31
Transposon-derived decoy fine-tunes IFN responses	30
The role of transcription factors in shaping regulatory T cell identity	30
CARD8 kills CD4+ T cells in response to HIV entry	30
Inclusion of ACKR5 in the systematic nomenclature of atypical chemokine receptors	29
Macrophages bordering the brain parenchyma regulate the flow of cerebrospinal fluid	29
Targeting ER stress sensor restores immunogenicity of chemotherapy	29
Linking Epstein-Barr virus infection to multiple sclerosis	28
The diversity of CD8+ T cell dysfunction in cancer and viral infection	27
Author Correction: The role of platelets in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases	27
Disentangling the relative importance of T cell responses in COVID-19: leading actors or supporting cast?	27
CRISPR screens for functional interrogation of immunity	26
Unconventional T cells shape tissue-specific lymph node responses	26
Human ILC2s can act as cytolytic killers	23
Focusing on the correct gene signatures for SLE	23

Obesity-associated autoreactivity	23
Comparing paediatric COVID-19 with MIS-C	22
Publisher Correction: Inflammasome components as new therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease	21
Regulation of innate-like activities of neonatal CD8+ T cells	21
Meningeal MAIT cells preserve brain homeostasis	21
Macrophage quality control of HSCs	21
Detecting future coronavirus pandemics	20
Signal length not strength guides T cell fate	20
Cardiometabolic syndrome — an emergent feature of Long COVID?	19
STAT5A antagonizes TOX in CD8+ T cell exhaustion	19
Fetal Treg cell reprogramming links maternal immunity to neurodevelopment	19
Resolving inflammation	19
Osteoblast-derived ATP maintains bone marrow plasma cells	19
Roles of natural killer cells in immunity to cancer, and applications to immunotherapy	18
Engaging innate immunity in HIV-1 cure strategies	18
The impact of pre-existing cross-reactive immunity on SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine responses	18
Inflammasome activation at the crux of severe COVID-19	18
Rethinking pDCs: a questionable ally in immunity?	17
Squeeze to arm	17
A skull bone marrow niche for antitumour neutrophils in glioblastoma	17
Obesity amplifies TH17-type pathology in atopic diseases	17
Redefining our vision: an updated guide to the ocular immune system	16
RORγt+ antigen-presenting cells mediate food tolerance	16
‘Bedside’ observations challenge aspects of the ‘epithelial barrier hypothesis’	16
Sleep deprivation whips up cytokine storm	16
Live vaccine development through targeted protein degradation	16
Insulin neoantigen elicits memory T cell activation in diabetes	15
Opportunities and challenges for T cell-based influenza vaccines	15
Membrane organization by tetraspanins and galectins shapes lymphocyte function	15
DDX17 identified as inflammasome sensor for retrotransposon RNA	15
Fever affects T cell fate	14
Aspirin helps T cells to stop cancer spread	14
Fired up in the bone marrow	14
The impact of Plasmodium-driven immunoregulatory networks on immunity to malaria	14
Allergen immunotherapy: past, present and future	14
Cytokines target distinct brain areas to modulate behavioural responses	13
Brief blockade of type I IFN increases CD8+ T cell memory	13
Engineered γδ T cells show promise in bone tumours	13
Author Correction: The effect of physical exercise on anticancer immunity	13
Bacteria form unique biofilms to kill immune cells	13
Resident tissue macrophages maintain intraocular pressure by regulating extracellular matrix homeostasis	13
Lessons from Long COVID: working with patients to design better research	13
Immune control of brain physiology	12
Bone marrow inflammation in haematological malignancies	12
Neutrophils release inflammation-resolving vesicles	12
Defining the balance between optimal immunity and immunopathology in influenza virus infection	12
Omicron entry route	12
Clonal haematopoiesis and dysregulation of the immune system	11
The role of chromatin loop extrusion in antibody diversification	11
Cerebral dysfunctions caused by sepsis during ageing	11
Pan-sarbecovirus mAb protects from variants	11
Pain-sensing neurons calm the gut	10
Tick-targeted mRNA vaccine to tackle disease transmission?	10
Organoids identify a role for IL-7 in coeliac disease	10
Daughters forget, mothers remember	10
Universal LIPSTIC: a new tool for decoding cellular interactions	9
Negative regulation of AHR essential for intestinal homeostasis	9
A nuclear STING in the tail for canonical signalling	9
Trogocytosis of CARs depends on transmembrane domains	9
T cell exhaustion: early or late in tumour progression?	9
From TCR fundamental research to innovative chimeric antigen receptor design	8
Assessing the generation of tissue resident memory T cells by vaccines	8
Magnesium: essential for T cells	8
Immunological factors linked to geographical variation in vaccine responses	8
Beyond exhaustion: the unique characteristics of CD8+ T cell dysfunction in chronic HBV infection	8
A role for microglia in mediating the microbiota–gut–brain axis	8
Therapeutic induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance	8
Immune ageing at single-cell resolution	7
Orally delivered lactate-producing bacteria limit CNS autoimmunity	7
The immunology of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: what are the key questions?	7
Dexamethasone restrains neutrophils in severe COVID-19	7
How neuroinflammation weakens muscles	6
Clonal haematopoiesis-associated, age-related motor deficits caused by monocyte-derived microglia	6
How to respond when biomedical science and global health is under existential threat	6
Macrophage commonalities across tissues and inflammation	6
Low serotonin linked to long COVID	6
Time of day determines cancer immunotherapy response	6
Understanding NK cell heterogeneity	6
Antitumour roles for antihistamines	6
Revealing T follicular helper cells with BCL6	6
HDAC9 association with heart disease linked to NLRP3 inflammasome activation	6
Insights from a 30-year journey: function, regulation and therapeutic modulation of PD1	5
Connection and communication between the nervous and immune systems	5
Tuning immunity through tissue mechanotransduction	5
TGFβ control of immune responses in cancer: a holistic immuno-oncology perspective	5
Myeloid cell-targeted therapies for solid tumours	5
Omicron, the great escape artist	5
T-regulating opioid withdrawal	4
Lung-migrating helminths can enhance immunity to SARS-CoV-2	4
Tracking the infant immune response to SARS-CoV-2	4
Author Correction: Using BCG vaccination to protect against COVID-19: when reality fails to meet expectation	4
Lymphatic expression of TBX1 helps to heal the heart	4
Considering innate immune responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19	4
Iron and the immune system	4
Inflammation and immune dysfunction in Parkinson disease	4