OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Nature Reviews Immunology is 25. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-01-01 to 2026-01-01.)

Article	Citations
Regulation goes awry in the liver	1010
Heart failure affects innate immune memory	875
Early life antibiotics have lasting effects on the lung epithelium	758
Vaccines only partially protect against Long COVID	731
Natural killer cells that target autoimmune cells linked with protection against multiple sclerosis	730
Exercise induces metabolic changes in the gut microbiota that enhance anti-tumour T cell responses	675
Muscle spindle macrophages regulate motor coordination	611
Author Correction: Strategies for HIV-1 vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies	444
Shaping neutrophil morphology and function: the importance of a segmented nucleus	420
Viral infection and antiviral immunity in the oral cavity	396
BCG plus β-glucan trains neutrophils to beat bladder cancer	374
Human immune organoids: a tool to study vaccine responses	358
The immunology of asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis	345
Decoding the human prenatal immune system with single-cell multi-omics	324
Challenges in developing personalized neoantigen cancer vaccines	321
The danger theory of immunity revisited	307
Broadly neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses	300
Regulation of cGAS–STING signalling and its diversity of cellular outcomes	285
Stressed tumours release immunosuppressive vesicles	283
Gut commensals promote antiviral immunity via extracellular vesicles	282
Omicron alone provides limited cross-protection	282
Targeting malaria transmission	280
The distinctive immune features of long COVID	276
Human T follicular regulatory cells with helper and regulatory lineage origins	257
Fatty liver disease induced by maternal obesity is driven by metabolic rewiring of Kupffer cells	254

Neutrophils are dispensable for Shigella control: macrophages take centre stage	243
Encouraging vaccine uptake: lessons from behavioural science	240
Novel insights into the immune response to bacterial T cell superantigens	227
Antiviral neutralizing antibodies: from in vitro to in vivo activity	220
The NLR gene family: from discovery to present day	219
How bile acids and the microbiota interact to shape host immunity	216
A guide to adaptive immune memory	212
Mechanistic insights from inflammasome structures	207
Mapping the developmental trajectory and recruitment of memory-phenotype Ly49+CD8+ T cells	201
Blood neutrophil subset predicts the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer	196
You are what you ate: myeloid cells trained by fatty acids	194
Bile duct tuft cells regulate immune defences	193
Adaptive meets innate: CD8+ T cells kill MHC-I-negative tumour cells	185
T cell–eosinophil collaboration	181
Gut ILC2s remember IL-25	172
The kiss a cell can’t forget: tracking cell–cell interactions with uLIPSTIC	169
Online immunology education for a global world	169
Cross reactive T cells hold up against Omicron	168
The OrganiX microfluidic system to recreate the complex tumour microenvironment	166
The cancer-immune dialogue in the context of stress	163
Salt sensitivity includes effects on immune cell signalling and metabolism	162
Spatial adaptation of eosinophils and their emerging roles in homeostasis, infection and disease	150
Splenic stromal niches in homeostasis and immunity	148
Feeding IgA+ plasma cells	146
Bacteria in tumours promote cancer progression	145
JAKs drive innate-like TH9 cell activation in allergy	143
Negative regulation of fungal immunity by STING	136
Mechanistic insights into Long COVID in hamsters	135
Spatial resolution of host–microbiome interactions	129
An ILC3-intrinsic, CTLA4-dependent intestinal checkpoint	128
Low risk of CAR T cells going rogue	128
Monocytes rule energy metabolism with an iron fist	127
Neutrophils make matrix to fortify barrier immunity	125
Microenvironmental regulation of solid tumour resistance to CAR T cell therapy	123
Olfactory immunology: the missing piece in airway and CNS defence	123
The spatial and temporal activation of macrophages during fibrosis	118
Author Correction: Cancer cell metabolism and antitumour immunity	117
The immunopathogenesis of narcolepsy type 1	111
The biology of TREM receptors	110
A guide to antigen processing and presentation	107
Strategies for HIV-1 vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies	106
Monkeypox: disease epidemiology, host immunity and clinical interventions	105
Rejuvenation through checkpoint inhibitors?	100
Commensal fungi support granulocyte development	98
Publisher Correction: Immunological studies in trans-individuals undergoing gender affirming hormone therapy	96
Podoplanin mediates stromal–immune crosstalk in the lymph node	96
Spatial immunometabolic zonation in tuberculosis granulomas	93
T cells target viral protein to remove senescent fibroblasts	90
mRNA vaccine for treating pancreatic cancer	89
We need to keep an eye on avian influenza	87

Guardians of immune privilege	87
The regulation and differentiation of regulatory T cells and their dysfunction in autoimmune diseases	86
MR1 antigen presentation to MAIT cells and other MR1-restricted T cells	85
DNA damage and repair in age-related inflammation	85
Glomerulonephritis: immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy	83
Local immune recognition of trophoblast in early human pregnancy: controversies and questions	81
Pollution impairs lung defences with age	80
The promise of immunotherapy for central nervous system tumours	80
Neutralizing autoantibodies against type 1 interferons identified in West Nile virus encephalitis	78
Bacterial serotonin induces Treg cells in neonates	78
γδ T cells sense disturbance	76
Boosting cytotoxic T cells for immunotherapy	75
Insights into immune cell–fibroblast communication in heart disease	72
Early antiviral type I interferon impairs lung metastasis	70
Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 linked to HLA-B*15:01	70
Lung-resident memory B cells class-switch to IgE	69
CODEX multiplexed tissue imaging	67
Turning on anti-tumour T cells via MTAP	66
Hypoxia and IL-24 drive a sterile wound healing pathway	61
Actin branching maintains tissue-resident mast cells	61
Microbiota licenses protective CD8+ T cell responses against neonatal influenza	60
Integrated organ immunity: a path to a universal vaccine	60
The renaissance of oral tolerance: merging tradition and new insights	57
IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells in protection versus pathology	56
Defining myeloid-derived suppressor cells	56
Beyond neutralization: Fc-dependent antibody effector functions in SARS-CoV-2 infection	56
First glimpses into the mechanisms of Long COVID	55
Effect of prenatal stress on the developing brain	53
The autoinflammatory disease APLAID is driven by G-CSF	52
When ‘mild’ COVID-19 is not so mild	51
Bacteria tag tumours for CAR T cell attack	51
B cell-derived acetylcholine curbs haematopoiesis	51
PerturbView: scalable image-based perturbation screens in cells and tissues	50
Boosting glymphatic drainage via adrenergic receptor inhibition protects the injured brain	48
Disturbance of cytoskeleton primes RIG-I-like receptors	46
Trogocytosis challenges the cellular specificity of lineage markers and monoclonal antibodies	46
NMDAR-directed CAAR T cells show promise for autoimmune encephalitis	45
Understanding COVID-19-associated coagulopathy	45
Immunology of food aversion	43
Author Correction: The immunology of long COVID	42
Mitochondria in monocyte-derived cells promote tissue damage in multiple sclerosis	42
Modelling vaccination strategies for COVID-19	41
SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy	41
The role of galectins in immunity and infection	41
The role of transcription factors in shaping regulatory T cell identity	41
Targeting ER stress sensor restores immunogenicity of chemotherapy	40
Role of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in allergy and beyond	40
Transposon-derived decoy fine-tunes IFN responses	38
CARD8 kills CD4+ T cells in response to HIV entry	38
Inclusion of ACKR5 in the systematic nomenclature of atypical chemokine receptors	34
Linking Epstein-Barr virus infection to multiple sclerosis	34
Macrophages bordering the brain parenchyma regulate the flow of cerebrospinal fluid	34
Author Correction: The role of platelets in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases	34
Disentangling the relative importance of T cell responses in COVID-19: leading actors or supporting cast?	33
CRISPR screens for functional interrogation of immunity	33
Regulation of innate-like activities of neonatal CD8+ T cells	31
The diversity of CD8+ T cell dysfunction in cancer and viral infection	31
Macrophage quality control of HSCs	31
Meningeal MAIT cells preserve brain homeostasis	31
Unconventional T cells shape tissue-specific lymph node responses	30
Comparing paediatric COVID-19 with MIS-C	30
Obesity-associated autoreactivity	30
Human ILC2s can act as cytolytic killers	30
Focusing on the correct gene signatures for SLE	30
Publisher Correction: Inflammasome components as new therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease	29
Fetal Treg cell reprogramming links maternal immunity to neurodevelopment	28
Osteoblast-derived ATP maintains bone marrow plasma cells	27
Signal length not strength guides T cell fate	26
The impact of pre-existing cross-reactive immunity on SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine responses	26
Cardiometabolic syndrome — an emergent feature of Long COVID?	26
Local Treg cell loss reprogrammes systemic antitumour immunity without breaking tolerance	25
Type I interferon at the crossroads of metastatic dissemination	25
STAT5A antagonizes TOX in CD8+ T cell exhaustion	25
Roles of natural killer cells in immunity to cancer, and applications to immunotherapy	25