Journal of Industrial Textiles

Article	Citations
Biogenic silver nano sol–loaded spunlace fabric for wound dressing; mechanical and functional characterization	62
Assessing the seam strength of ultrasonically welded polyester and polypropylene spunbond nonwovens	57
A novel algorithm for significantly increasing the fiber volume fraction in the reconstruction model with large fiber aspect ratio	49
Comprehensive study of the off-axis mechanical behaviors of a Polytetrafluoroethylene‐ coated fabric after 23 Years of service at Shanghai stadium	41
Tensile properties of defect-prefabricated 3D woven composites: Experiments and simulations	36
Styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene copolymer/carbon nanotubes composite fiber based strain sensor with wide sensing range and high linearity for human motion detection	30
The influence of structure uniformity on resonant frequency of ultra-high frequency radio frequency identification tag thread With normal mode helix dipole antenna	26
Investigation flexural behavior of hybrid-reinforced layered filament wound pipes using experimental tests and numerical model	25
Influence of pre-tensioning high-performance yarns on the bending stiffness of textile composites	25
Nanofibers from hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin/pantothenic acid supramolecular complexes: Physicochemical characterization and potential biomedical applications	24
Tensile mechanical performance of natural/natural fiber reinforced hybrid bio-composite materials – A statistical approach	24
Research on preparation and flame retardancy of melamine-modified flame retardant loofah composites	22
Experimental study on abrasive water jet machining of WCFC reinforced flax/wire mesh/hemp composite	22
The Effect of Fibers’ Length Distribution and Concentration on Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber–Reinforced Polypropylene Composite	22
Tensile strength of reinforced laminates after oblique ballistic impact: An experimental study	21
Stab resistance of flexible composite reinforced with warp-knitted fabric like scale structure at quasi-static loading	21
Preparation and properties of thermal insulation felts for firefighting protective clothing	21
Mechanical and thermal characterization of resin-infused cotton fabric/epoxy composites: Influence of woven construction parameters and surface treatments	21
Preparation and characterization of Y-shaped fractal frequency selective fabric	19
Detecting method of optimal exercise posture using autoencoder: Utilizing surface electromyography and textile stretch sensor	19
A comprehensive review on facemask manufacturing, testing, and its environmental impacts	19
Developing an in-Line method to improve mechanical and flame retardancy performance of polyethylene fiber	19
Synergetic antibacterial and UV-protective finishing of cotton fabric functionalized with copper oxide nanoparticles and phenolic compounds of Azolla Nilotica algae extracts	17
Tunable spectral properties of PVB/WS2 impregnated fabrics in VIS, IR and RF part of the EMS	16
Quality assessment of baby wet wipes	16

Materials used in industrial workwear for hot workplace environments: Thermal and moisture management attributes	16
Effect of calendering on the performance of 100% recycled polyester weft-knitted fabrics	16
The effect of different compatibilizers on the properties of prepared poly(lactic acid)/polyurethane nanofibers by electrospinning	15
Effect of palmyra sprout fiber and biosilica on mechanical, wear, thermal and hydrophobic behavior of epoxy resin composite	15
Modeling and piecewise integral terminal sliding mode control for the lower hook mechanism of fishing net weaving machine	15
Investigation of the impact of movement speed on the comprehensive comfort of tight-fitting sportswear	15
Synergistically improved flame retardancy of the cotton fabric finished by silica-coupling agent-zinc borate hybrid sol	15
Statistical density analysis of squeegee blade, and pressure on textile screen printing	15
Warp knitted spacer microfiber biomass carrier for wastewater treatment	14
Simulation of coupled transient heat and water vapor transfer in porous fiber membrane with different fiber orientations and porosity	14
Corrigendum to multi-layered nanofiber membranes: Preparation, characterization, and application in wastewater treatment	14
Utilization of deep learning to classify resistance training exercises by the fabricated resistive stretch sensor	14
Chitosan nanofibres and polypropylene meltblown substrate based multilayer respiratory filter for byssinosis prevention	14
Investigating the braiding parameters and their effects on the mechanical and frictional properties of silk sutures	14
Mechanical performance of aramid/glass fiber hybrid weft-knitting-reinforced composites under low-velocity impact	14
A textile architecture-based discrete modeling approach to simulating fabric draping processes	13
Experimental study of energy absorption in 3D-textile reinforced polymer composites under high-velocity impact loading	13
Synthesis of waterborne epoxy resin with diethanolamine-assisted succinimide for improving the strand integrity of polyimide filament	13
Flexible carbon nanofiber yarn electrodes for self-standing fiber supercapacitors	13
Fabrication, characterization and in vitro accelerated degradation of polypropylene/poly (glycolide-ε-caprolactone) warp-knitted hernia repair mesh	13
Wear failure mechanism analysis of self-lubricating fabric composites at high temperature	13
Corresponding measurement-based patternmaking method for customized gloves to support smart wearables	13
Assessment of the influence of stitching on the tensile stress relaxation of laminated fabrics	12
Investigation of quasi-static punching penetration behavior of Kevlar plain-woven fabric	12
The use of electrospun nanofibers for absorption and separation of carbon dioxide: A review	12
Preparation of spunlaced viscose/PANI-ZnO/GO fiber membrane and its performance of photocatalytic decolorization	12
Thermo-mechanical behavior of 3D multi-directional braided composites based on a two-scale method	12
C/C soft-hard mixed preform multi-units compression compaction viscoelastic rebound technique and optimization	12
Numerical analysis of composite preform structure based on flat cross-linked braiding	12
Development and evaluation of band-embedded laterally wedged insoles for people with genu varum	11
An overview of additive manufacturing methods, materials, and applications for flexible structures	11
Recent advances of textile sorbents for oil spills cleanup: A review	11
Hydrophobic and oleophilic 3D weft-knitted spacer fabrics coated by silica aerogels with five different concentrations	11
A study of the effect of PEG-1000 phase change materials coating on selected fabric properties	11
A multilayer piezoelectric nanogenerator based on PVDF and BaTiO3 nanocomposite with enhanced performance induced by simultaneously electrospinning and electrospraying	11
Moisture insensitive analysis of polyester/viscose waste textiles using Near-Infrared spectroscopy and Orthogonalization of external parameters algorithm	11
Modeling electrospun PLGA nanofibers’ diameter using response surface methodology and artificial neural networks	11
Entropy-based analysis of tensile fracture behavior and mechanical properties in blended yarns	10
Structural coloration and ultraviolet protective fabrication on fabrics coated with SiO2/TiO2 multilayer films via a magnetron sputtering method	10
Highly stretchable conductive fabric using knitted cotton/lycra treated with polypyrrole/silver NPs composites post-treated with PEDOT:PSS	10
ZIF-8 modified poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) hybrid membrane for dye wastewater treatment	10
Physico - Mechanical characterization property evaluation of polyvinyl butyral composites filled with macadamia nutshell	10
Moisture barrier layer with supplemental chemical and biological protective functionality for firefighting clothing applications	10
Effect of layering sequence and ambient temperature on thermal insulation of multilayer high bulk nonwoven under extreme cold temperatures	10
A facile approach to fabricate room temperature intrinsic self-healing fabrics	10
Novel filter material by glass fiber foam laying for nonwoven fabrics	10
Development of soft wearable robotic gloves to prevent muscle fatigue and enhance work efficiency	10
Research on military targets camouflage effect rating based on background anomaly detection and deep transfer features learning	9
Multifunctional silver nanowire coated fabric capable of electrothermal, resistance temperature-sensitivity, electromagnetic interference shielding, and strain sensing	9
Optimization of jute nonwoven fabric reinforcement for the development of a rigid composite	9

Preparation, design, and characterization of an electrospun polyurethane/calcium chloride nanocomposite scaffold with improved properties for skin tissue regeneration	9
An artificial neural network prediction on physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of giant reed fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate composite	9
Mechanical characteristics of bionic pseudostem-like multilayer weft-knitted spacer fabric for personal protection	9
Preparation and low-velocity impact resistance of aramid biomimetic scale knitted fabrics	9
A variable loading and automatic control test device for carpet resilience measurement	9
Compression behavior of warp-knitted spacer fabric based on simplified finite element method	9
Online thickness measurements of acrylate-based coatings on knitted polyester fabric using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy	9
Preparation and properties of flame retardant air filter media by incorporation of melamine-formaldehyde fiber and phosphorous-containing poly-acrylate binder	9
Optimization and experimental validation of reinforcing fibers winding pattern for carbon/carbon composite crucible preform	9
Research on the influence of length-width ratio on cruciform parachute airdropping performance	9
Production and in vitro analysis of catechin incorporated electrospun gelatin/ poly (lactic acid) microfibers for wound dressing applications	9
A defect detection system of glass tube yarn based on machine vision	9
Breathability performance of antiviral cloth masks treated with silver nanoparticles for protection against COVID-19	9
The ballistic performance of plain-weave multi-ply systems: An experimental investigation	9
Influencing factors and evaluation methods of tearing resistance of coated fabric membranes	9
Present status and future directions of environmental sustainability science of jute agriculture in India: A bibliometric study	9
Development and characterization of laminated fiber reinforced bio-Composite From nettle and poly lactic acid fiber	9
Prediction of polyester conductive filter media life on flat and pilot filtration test rigs under flyash aerosol pre-charge	8
Research and development on phase change material-integrated cloth: A review	8
Cellulose acetate-TiO2 and activated carbon electrospun composite fibre membranes for toluene removal	8
Toward the future of firefighter gear: Assessing fluorinated and non-fluorinated outer shells following simulated on-the-job exposures	8
Influence of honeycomb structures on fluids transmission and heat retention properties; An initiative towards stretchable weaves	8
A statistical analysis on the influence of process and solution properties on centrifugally spun nanofiber morphology	8
Novel weft-knitted spacer structure with silicone tube and foam inlays for cushioning insoles	8
Winding optimization of composite frame by dry fiber rovings	8
TiCN coating tribology for the circular economy of textile industries	8
Failure mechanisms of kenaf/glass sandwich laminates subjected to low velocity impact loading	8
Development of flexible packaging sheet from aluminium foil laminated jute web	8
Design and characterization of reversible thermodynamic SMPU-based fabrics with improved comfort properties	8
“The evolution of antimicrobial fabrics: Nanoparticles as key agents in textiles innovation”	8
Effects of D-lactide content and molecular weight on the morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties of electrospun nanofiber polylactide mats	8
Local electromagnetic shielding for thyroid: A study on shielding efficacy and specific absorption rate	8
Effect of different hole shape of thermal barrier on the performance for thermal protective clothing	8
A novel method to produce sustainable wind resistant and water repellant fabric for outdoor sport clothing	8
Influence of yarn-hybridisation on the mechanical performance and thermal conductivity of composite laminates	8
Optimization of Nylon 6 electrospun nanofiber diameter in needle-less wire electrode using central composite design and response surface methodology	7
Effect of industrial waste fly ash on the drilling characteristics of banana fiber residue reinforced polymer composites	7
Development and characterization of kapok/waste silk nonwoven as a multifunctional bio-based material for textile applications	7
Correlating interface pressure with strain-induced electrical resistance changes of smart knitted compression stockings	7
Research on the creation of new UD laminates and its ballistic performance using CSC aramid yarns via experiment and FEA analysis	7
Memory behaviour of polyester knitted fabric integrated with temperature-responsive shape memory polymer filament	7
Multilayer nonwoven lining materials made of wool and cotton for clothing and footwear	7
Eco-friendly sorbent of bacterial cellulose/metal–organic framework composite membrane for effective bisphenol a removal	7
The effect of ethanol immersion on fit performance and comfort of a fit tested reusable mask	7
Warp yarn tension coupling models and fuzzy PID control for enhancing warp beam unwinding tension stability in sizing machines	7
Influence of yarn geometry on electrical properties of silver-coated nylon filaments for e-textiles: a fundamental study	7
Application of tuft disentanglement model in taker-in part of a cotton card	7
Thermo-physiological comfort properties of structurally and enzymatically modified knitted fabric for sportswear	7
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of human hair in wig products by near-infrared spectroscopy	7
Deteriorating dispersibility of flushable wet wipes during storage: Role of fibre swelling and ionic shielding	7
Corrigendum to The effect of the convective momentum transfer on the acoustic boundary condition of perforated liners with grazing mean flow	7
Industrial-scale needle-less electrospinning of tetracycline-immobilized nanofibrous scaffolds using a polycaprolactone/polyethylene oxide/chitosan blend for wound healing	7
Influence of high-density polyethylene content on the rheology, crystal structure, and mechanical properties of melt spun ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene/high-density polyethylene blend fiber	6
Measurement of conductive fabrics electrical resistance by combining of image processing and convolutional neural network methods	6
The effect of flame retardants on the fire technical characteristics of recycled textiles	6
Electroless plating process for the manufacture of radiation protection suits for pregnant woman: Effect of bending on its electromagnetic shielding performance	6
Mouldability analysis and impact performance of 3D aramid angle-interlock fabric panels for ballistic helmets	6
Investigation into the dynamic change mechanism of comfort perception in tight-fitting sportswear during physical activity	6
Ag-coated cotton fabric as ultrasensitive and flexible SERS substrate	6
Design and fabrication of anisotropic textile brace for exerting corrective forces on spinal curvature	6
Novel energy absorbent composites for crashworthiness applications	6
Research on flexible weaving planning based on NSGA-II algorithm	6
Properties of Bi2O3/epoxy resin–coated composites for protection against gamma rays	6
Triaxial braided sandwich composite guide bar potentially used in high-speed warp knitting machine	6
Preparation, structure and application of styrene-acrylic emulsion/modified ammonium polyphosphate in flame retardant air filter paper	6
Advanced materials used in wearable health care devices and medical textiles in the battle against coronavirus (COVID-19): A review	6
Modeling and thermal property of multi-layer warp knitted spacer fabrics	6
Development and characterization of protective gloves using waste para aramid fibers	6
Analysis of the transverse compressive behavior of cotton yarns and fabrics	5
Flutter performance of shape memory alloy-embedded 3D woven flexible composite plate under subsonic flow	5
Mesoporous silica/epoxy coated cotton fabric for durable oil-water separation	5
Influence of stitch type division and geometry on the electrical properties of conductive embroidered structures	5
Enhancement of mechanical and dynamic mechanical thermal characteristics of woven glass fabric–reinforced multi-nanoparticle–filled toughened epoxy composites	5
Fabrication of multifunctional cotton textile with battery waste- derived graphene oxide for enhanced joule heating and electromagnetic interference shielding	5
Effect of water-repellent treatment on impact performance of sandwich composites after exposure to salt spray aging	5
Exploring the potential of 3D woven and knitted spacer fabrics in technical textiles: A critical review	5
Low-velocity impact behavior of warp-knitted spacer fabric reinforced with spiderweb shaped stitch	5
Development and characterisation of near-infrared camouflage fabrics for military combat uniform	5
Living textile biocomposites deliver enhanced carbon dioxide capture	5
Design and research on multi-sensory comfort data acquiring of tight sportswear in motion	5

A systematic review of released nano-particles from commercial nano-textiles during use and washing	5
Sound transmission loss of absorber-barrier-absorber structures with kapok fibers as absorption layers	5
Graphene coated cotton nonwoven for electroconductive and UV protection applications	5
Influence of fluorocarbon treatment on the adhesion of material extrusion 3D prints on textile	5
A novel approach to fabricate a random-oriented staple fibre yarn (RO-SFY) by using a nonwoven spinning system	5
The responses of stitched ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene woven fabrics upon ballistic impact	5
Preparation of Hu sheep wool/polyacrylonitrile oxidized fiber flame retardant and sound absorption material	5
Measuring and modeling the effect of density and pile height on sound absorption of double base Persian rug	5
A mini-review on wrinkled nanofibers: Preparation principles via electrospinning and potential applications	5
Development of sanitary napkins using corn husk fibres in absorbent layer – an exploratory study	5
Characterizing the thermal protective performance of textiles under flame exposure	5
Improvement in the performance of two layered model pavement with treated coir geotextile at the interface	5
Enhancing the antibacterial properties of silver particles coated cotton bandages followed by natural extracted dye	5
Study on high velocity impact response of aramid fibers-epoxy/aluminum laminate composites toughened by ZrO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles	5
Green synthesis of antipathogenic particles by utilizing the citrus plant waste and their application in medicated fabrics	5
Development and evaluation of a multi-functional welding protective clothing system	5
Effects of air gap and compression on the dual performance of multilayer thermal protective clothing under low radiant heat	4
Design and characterization of dynamic textiles with optimized ergonomic comfort for automotive seat upholstery	4
A new algorithm to generate randomly distributed fibers within the fiber bundle and numerical investigation of bundle cross-sectional performances in transverse compression	4
Damage behavior of 3D orthogonal C/C composites considering interface pores	4
Preparation and characterization of phase-change energy storage nonwoven fabric	4
Chitosan and nano-TiO2 coating improves the flame retardancy of dyed and undyed denim fabrics by increasing the charring	4
Coaxial electrospinning preparation and antibacterial property of polylactic acid/tea polyphenol nanofiber membrane	4
Structural design and mechanical properties of glass fiber weft-knitted biaxial tubular fabrics	4
Multifunctional sandwich materials with ROTIS structure for improved thermal and electrical properties in construction application	4
Analysis of loading modes and rates on the mechanical responses of glass fiber weft-knitted biaxial tubular fabric reinforced composites	4
Micro-KTNet: Microstructure knowledge transfer learning for fiber masterbatch agglomeration recognition	4
Ergonomic design and evaluation of carbon nanotube film (CNTF) and metal wire based flexible electrically heated gloves	4
Investigation on off-axial tensile properties of 3D braided composites considering void defects	4
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) process parameter optimization for mechanical properties of 3D-printed woven fabric structures using Taguchi method	4
Design and development of jeans textile antenna for wireless broadband applications	4
Fabrication and evaluation of aramid fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion/tourmaline particle composite filter media: Filtration performance, thermal behavior, and mechanical property	4
Influence of alkali treated cellulose nanoparticles filled starch-based bioplastic films and their effect on thermal and mechanical properties	4
Facile preparation of PVDF-HFP/GE tubular nanofiber membranes with 3D surface structure for high efficient continuous oil/water emulsion separation	4
Improvement of mechanical property for BNNSs/PAN composite films via electro-spinning with high filtration performance	4
“Comparative analysis by total yield, antimicrobial and phytochemical evaluation of curcuminoid of district Kasur: With its potential use and characterization in electrospinning nanofibers”	4
Effects of microfibre parameters on the tensile properties of fabric-reinforced cementitious mortar	4
Prediction and effect analysis for equilibrium profile of flexible porous canopy fabric	4
Investigation on comfort and water repellant properties of the Rtv-2 (Bi-component room temperature vulcanizing silicone) silicone coated woven fabric	4
Comparative analysis of a novel lightweight composite-void steel deck slab and conventional solid slab: Force carrying capacity, deflection, failure patterns, ductility and stiffness	4
Effect of structural parameters, knotting methods, and wet state on the tensile properties of sutures for orthopedic surgery	4
Effect of the cover factor on the tensile properties of multi-core flax/polypropylene micro-braided hybrid yarns for thermoplastic biocomposites	4
Oxidative removal of As(III) by polyacrylonitrile@Ag-Ag2O/schwertmannite nanofiber under visible light	4
Objective and subjective evaluation of various aspects of hand performance considering protective glove’s constructional parameters	4
Study on terahertz spectrum variation of inner package with different wrapped objects	4
Assessing the tensile properties of interlayer hybrid thermoset-thermoplastic composites	4
Evaluation of the geometrical parameters of collector mesh on the fog collection efficiency	4
Experimental study on filtration performance of geotextile filter used in emergency rescue of dike piping	4
Sound absorption and thermal insulation properties of composite thermoplastic polyurethane/polystyrene (TPU/PS) nanofiber web and TPU nanofiber web and PS-extracted TPU/PS microfiber web	4
Bending and wrinkling behaviours of polyester fabric membrane structures under inflation	4
Antibacterial easy adjustable woven compression bandage for venous leg ulcers	4
Yarn level finite element method simulation for bending over sheaves of braided ropes	3
Characterisation and photo-fatigue behaviour of UV-sensitive photochromic systems produced using electrospinning	3
Customization of hierarchical air filter media by tailoring the structural parameters of needle punched nonwoven	3
Localized paclitaxel delivery using a novel hyaluronic acid-coated fibrous carrier produced via needle-less electrospinning	3
Infrared (IR) imaging based comfort appraisal of wool, acrylic, and Thermolite® plaited gloves; Exploring socio-economic materials	3
Influencing factors of shielding effectiveness test of electromagnetic shielding clothing	3
Interaction of material- and structural elasticity – an approach towards a physiological compliance in small-caliber vascular grafts	3
Development and characterization of the electrospun melittin-loaded chitosan nanofibers for treatment of acne vulgaris in animal model	3
Test and analysis of the flexural performance of sandwich insulation wall panels with textile-reinforced engineered cementitious composites in wythes after hot rain cycles	3
Hemoglobin assisted carbon nanofiber preparation for selective detection of miRNA molecules	3
Antimicrobial Properties of Highly Elastic Conductive Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Fabrics	3
Development of fabric electrode for bio-potential signal acquisition in wearable health monitoring and effect of perspiration on signal acquisition	3
Carbon nanotube yarns derived from gamma irradiated carbon nanotube forests	3
Enhancing Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of polyaniline/carbon nanotube–coated thermoelectric fabric	3
Entropy-based Taguchi–Grey relational analysis for multi-output optimization of coating parameters in MoS2-coated sugar palm fiber and its characterization	3
Water vapor transmission and electromagnetic shielding characteristics of stainless steel/viscose blended yarn woven fabrics	3
Sage seed gum as a novel source for polysaccharide-based antibacterial nanofibers: Physical, chemical, and rheological characterization	3
Lightweight panels with high delamination resistance made of integrally woven truss-like fabric structures	3
Sustained cooling comfort achieved through weft-knit spacer composite fabrics	3
Fabrication of carbon fibers from the cupric ion impregnated and thermally stabilized poly(hexamethylene adipamide) precursor	3
Corrigendum to Utilization of deep learning to classify resistance training exercises by the fabricated stretch sensor	3
Impact of post-industrial and post-consumer waste on the characteristics of denim fabric made from recycled yarns	3
Structure design of multi-functional flexible electrocardiogram electrodes based on PEDOT:PSS-coated fabrics	3
Material, structure, and design of textile-based compression devices for managing chronic edema	3
A finite element analysis of auxetic composite fabric with rotating square structure	3
Fabrication and mechanical evaluation of lattice structures for developing a lumbar support brace	3
Advances in shape memory alloy textiles for wearable applications: A critical review	3
Development of scheme to evaluate the performance of parachute canopy fabrics under tensile impact	3
The effect of inorganic antimicrobial agents on PET filament properties	3
Dimensionless study of the fiber arrangement on particle filtration characteristics in a multi-fiber filter	3
Poloxamer188 composite electrospun poly L-lactic acid fibrous nonwoven: Sustained in vitro and in vivo release letrozole as a subcutaneous implant	3
Micro-CT analysis of geometrical distribution of filaments in double-twisted three-strand ropes: Comparison with analytical model	3
Development of user interaction(UI)-based electrical heated clothing incorporating knitted jacquard pattern for the elderly	3
Innovative and efficient preparation of high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber paper by centrifugal spinning	3
Modified stress field model for critical tearing strength of architectural coated fabrics	3
Preparation and mechanical properties of absorbing composites based on nickel plated fabric	3
Ultrafine and bimodal structured polyamide-6 nanofiber/nets membrane for air nanofiltration	3
In-situ hydrothermally immobilization of nano palladium for cutting-edge of multi-finishing viscose textile with enhancing the durability	3
Polypyrrole-coated recycled polyphenylene sulfite nonwoven fabric with high electrical conductivity for heat generation	3
Fabrication and thermal assessment of three-layer woven heating fabrics	3
Effect of solution concentration, process parameters and a second electric field on electrospun polyamide-11 fibers	3
Experimental analysis of mechanical properties and FTIR analysis of areca fiber-reinforced epoxy composites incorporating Al2O3	3
Pathological examination of blended and co-electrospinning hybrid polycaprolactone/polyurethane nanofibers for soft tissue engineering applications	3
Fuzzy logic model expansion and optimization for predicting polyester cut-pile carpet thickness-loss	3