OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Autoimmunity Reviews is 6. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-01-01 to 2026-01-01.)

Article	Citations
Editorial Board	332
T lymphocyte plasticity in chronic inflammatory diseases: The emerging role of the Ikaros family as a key Th17-Treg switch	166
Endometriosis and autoimmunity	156
Susac syndrome: A scoping review	131
Issues in autoantibody tests used in the classification criteria for autoimmune rheumatic diseases: the laboratory autoimmunologist's perspective	122
“Fibromyalgia syndrome” related to Essure devices	106
Editorial Board	99
Disease-modifying strategies: Targeting protein kinases in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders	97
Leflunomide: A safe and effective alternative in systemic lupus erythematosus	92
Autoantibody internalization in myositis skeletal muscle: Emerging evidence, mechanistic insights, and therapeutic relevance	88
Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) regulatory T cells: An evolving biomarker for treatment response in autoimmune diseases	86
Osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: Systematic insight from the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management	86
Janus kinase inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis	84
Characteristics and risk factors for infection in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis	81
The role of musculoskeletal ultrasound in difficult-to-treat RA: Insights from a systematic literature review	80
A critical view on autoantibodies in lupus nephritis: Concrete knowledge based on evidence	77
MTHFR polymorphisms in autoimmune diseases: Mechanistic and clinical perspectives	77
Epidemiological patterns and in-hospital mortality in ANCA-associated vasculitis: Insights from Spain's National Health Data (2016–2022)	75
Corrigendum to “Proportion of circulating T follicular helper cells in peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis” [Autoimmunity Reviews Volume 24	73
The immune system in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Updating the current state of knowledge on potential therapies and animal model construction	73
Psychiatric manifestations of autoimmune encephalitis	72
Fecal microbiota transplantation in autoimmune diseases – An extensive paper on a pathogenetic therapy	68
Can anticoagulation be withdrawn in APS patients after aPL negativization?	67
Conceiving complexity: Biological mechanisms underpinning the lasting effect of pregnancy on multiple sclerosis outcomes	64
Advances in precision medicine in imaging and therapeutic strategies for psoriatic disease	61

A call for uniformity in reporting patient level details during description of ophthalmologic major relapse among giant cell arteritis studies. A comment on article by Aussedat M et al. “Epidemiology	58
Editorial Board	58
STING-inflammasome axis in autoimmune diseases and inflammation-related disease	55
Understanding the effects of Janus kinase inhibitors on the cardiovascular system in comparison to main biological DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis	54
Infectious agents breaking the immunological tolerance: The holy grail in rheumatoid arthritis reconsidered	53
Dermatomyositis unleashed by immune checkpoint inhibitors. Three additional cases and a review of the literature	50
To treat or not to treat rheumatoid arthritis with glucocorticoids? A reheated debate	50
Homocysteine as a trigger and potential therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases	48
Seronegative autoimmune diseases: A challenging diagnosis	47
Autoimmunity in vitiligo: Therapeutic implications and opportunities	47
Rebalancing redox homeostasis: A pivotal regulator of the cGAS-STING pathway in autoimmune diseases	47
Worsening of Graves' ophthalmopathy after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination	47
Metabolic heterogeneity in tumor microenvironment – A novel landmark for immunotherapy	47
Autoimmune pre-disease	46
WITHDRAWN: Global incidence trends of autoimmune diseases from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050: A systemic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021	46
Systematic evaluation of the associations between schizophrenia and autoimmune diseases: An umbrella review	45
Indian Rheumatology Association guidelines for the management of ANCA associated vasculitis	45
Editorial Board	45
Human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA): Evidence for an autoimmune antigen-driven disease.	45
Autoantibodies targeting G protein-coupled receptors: An evolving history in autoimmunity. Report of the 4th international symposium	44
Inclusion body myositis: Correcting impaired mitochondrial and lysosomal autophagy as a potential therapeutic strategy	43
Editorial Board	43
SpA plus IBD or IBD plus SpA: Does commutative property apply?	42
A machine learning analysis to predict the response to intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulin in inflammatory myopathies. A proposal for a future multi-omics approach in autoimmune diseases	41
A descriptive study of IgG4-related disease in children and young adults	41
Research progress on estrogen and estrogen receptors in the occurrence and progression of autoimmune thyroid diseases	40
Cerebral vasculitis as a clinical manifestation of neurosarcoidosis: A scoping review	39
The genealogy, methodology, similarities and differences of immune reconstitution therapies for multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica	39
Adipose failure through adipocyte overload and autoimmunity	38
Exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic delivery for autoimmune diseases: Opportunities and challenges	38
Standardised interpretation of capillaroscopy in autoimmune idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: A structured review on behalf of the EULAR study group on microcirculation in Rheumatic Diseases	38
IFN-γ: An overlooked cytokine in dermatomyositis with anti-MDA5 antibodies	38
Refining search and keyword strategies in autoimmune ear disease bibliometric studies	38
Specialized pro-resolving mediators and autoimmunity: Recent insights and future perspectives	38
Predicting autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review of classic biomarkers and advances in artificial intelligence	37
Controversies in in rheumatology and autoimmunity: Is CORA meeting a good educational tool to increase the scientific knowledge?	36
Effects of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 compared to TNF inhibitors on lipid profile: Results from an observational multicentre rheumatoid arthritis cohort	36
Factors associated with fertility abnormalities in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis	36
Editorial Board	35
Complex relationships of type 2 and type 1 symptoms across various systemic autoimmune diseases.	35
Fibromyalgia: Are we using the biopsychosocial model?	33
Are breast cancer patients diagnosed after systemic sclerosis showing different pathological characteristics?	33
Chronic inflammation in Long COVID relationship to autoimmune diseases	32
Pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment strategy for rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease	32
Development of an algorithm for IgG4-related disease management	32
Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis and autoimmune disease: A systematic review of preclinical studies	32
The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney injury and disease	31
Factors associated with incident cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A scoping review	31
Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor-related autoimmune disorders	31
Editorial Board	31

Autoimmune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines	31
Will a hyperactive classical complement pathway exacerbate autoimmune diseases?	30
Editorial Board	30
Editorial Board	30
The similar expression of both ferritin and scavenger receptors activation genes in patients with COVID19 and AOSD support their role in the pathogenesis of these diseases and identify a common mechan	30
Reply letter to letter to the editor	29
Dysfunction of the glymphatic system and sleep disturbance in rheumatoid arthritis and musculoskeletal pain: A gap related to pain becoming chronic	29
Are IF-ANA the guiding light for SLE classification in the real-world setting?	29
Combination tacrolimus and ustekinumab therapy is effective in inducing clinical, biochemical and endoscopic remission in refractory moderate to severe ulcerative colitis	29
Mesenchymal stem cell in immunomodulation of dendritic cells: Implications for inflammatory bowel disease therapy	28
Alarmins in autoimmune diseases	28
Anti-rods/rings autoantibodies in a patient with pancreatic injury	28
Proportion of circulating T follicular helper cells in peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	28
Twenty shades of the mosaic of autoimmunity	28
A machine learning analysis to evaluate the outcome measures in inflammatory myopathies	28
Differences in clinical phenotype, laboratory, and imaging manifestations between AQP4 IgG positive and AQP4 MOG IgG double negative NMOSD: How to correctly diagnose the two	28
Coffee consumption and risk of multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis	28
Mucous membrane pemphigoid	28
Impact of GLP-1 analogues on immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A systematic review	27
From autoantibody test results to decision making: Incorporating likelihood ratios within medical practice	27
Global burden due to modifiable risk factors for autoimmune diseases, 1990–2021: Temporal trends and socio-demographic inequalities	27
Editorial Board	26
In Memoriam: Pierre Youinou	26
Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in different immune-mediated conditions	26
Mucosal immunity and rheumatoid arthritis: An update on mechanisms and therapeutic potential	26
Neuroimaging in thyroid eye disease: A systematic review	26
Cutting edge confusion about cut-off settings in autoimmune diagnostics	26
The impact of pregnancy on future health in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A systematic review of the literature	26
Is it time for treat-to-target in antiphospholipid syndrome?	25
IL-33 in Spondyloarthritis, the missing key	25
Diagnostic approach in giant cell arteritis	25
Burden of inflammatory bowel disease among elderly, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2019	25
Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) in 2023	25
Macrophages in Lupus Nephritis: Exploring a potential new therapeutic avenue	24
Genetic and genomic associations in antiphospholipid syndrome: A systematic review	24
Potential immunological and genetic markers associated with lupus nephritis: From pathogenicity to therapeutic drug target	24
Editorial Board	24
Subcutaneous tissue involvement in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: Systematic literature review including three new cases and hypothetical mechanisms	24
Prevalence of immune-mediated inner ear disease in non-segmental vitiligo: A cross-sectional study	24
Prevention of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic literature review of preventive strategies in at-risk individuals	23
Epidemiology of major relapse in giant cell arteritis: A study-level meta-analysis	23
JAK inhibitors and systemic sclerosis: A systematic review of the literature	23
Differentially expressed genes in systemic sclerosis: Towards predictive medicine with new molecular tools for clinicians	23
Serum calprotectin is a marker of disease activity in Giant cell arteritis	23
Treatment of acute exacerbation in interstitial lung disease secondary to autoimmune rheumatic diseases: More questions than answers	22
Inflammatory muscle involvement in systemic vasculitis: A systematic review	22
Gut microbiota in rheumatoid arthritis: Mechanistic insights, clinical biomarkers, and translational perspectives	22
Development of systemic lupus erythematosus in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura: A systematic meta-analysis	22
Ferritinophagy in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic potentials	22
Extending the discussion: Cannabis based therapies in inflammatory bowel disease a letter to the editor	22
Glomerulonephritis and inflammatory bowel disease: A tale of gut-kidney axis dysfunction	21
Research advances on targeted-Treg therapies on immune-mediated kidney diseases	21
Risk factors associated with thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis	21
Persistent aortic inflammation in patients with giant cell arteritis	21
Intermittent fasting: A promising dietary intervention for autoimmune diseases	21
From inflammation to renal fibrosis: A one-way road in autoimmunity?	21
Persistence of antiphospholipid antibodies over time and its association with recurrence of clinical manifestations: A longitudinal study from a single centre	21
Editorial Board	21
Don't mix apples and oranges. Reply to Azoulay et al.	21
Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with connective tissue diseases (CTD-PAH): Recent and advanced data	21
Drug-induced antiphospholipid syndrome: Analysis of the WHO international database	20
Editorial Board	20
Therapeutic potential of chimeric antigen receptor based therapies in autoimmune diseases	20
Structural cell heterogeneity underlies the differential contribution of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-23 to joint versus skin chronic inflammation	20
Physical exercise therapy for autoimmune neuroinflammation: Application of knowledge from animal models to patient care	20
Identifying subsets of patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease: Results from a prospective, real-world experience using particle-based multi-analyte technology	20
Scleroderma cardiac crisis: A-life-threatening but reversible complication of systemic sclerosis	20
The emerging concept of ANCA-associated vasculitis related to inborn errors of immunity	19
Clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease-associated spondyloarthritis	19
Cerebral iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis: Pathophysiology and therapeutic implications	19
Relapse rates and risk factors for unfavorable neurological prognosis of transverse myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis	19
IgG4 in the gut: Gastrointestinal IgG4-related disease or a new subtype of inflammatory bowel disease	19
Rapid radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis: Definition, prediction and treatment	19
Anti-glomerular basement membrane vasculitis	19
Inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase as emerging therapeutic strategy in autoimmune diseases	19
Autoantibodies against tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (anti-Ha antibodies)	18
Insights into new-onset autoimmune diseases after COVID-19 vaccination	18
Janus kinase inhibitors for psoriatic arthritis: Evidence from a systematic review and network meta-analysis	18
Emerging roles of mechanically activated ion channels in autoimmune disease	18
Prevention of rheumatoid arthritis using a familial predictive medicine approach	18

The threat of triple M and autoimmune overlap syndromes with immune checkpoint inhibitors - A series of case reports	18
The assessment and management of bone health in pediatric-onset rheumatological diseases from early age to adulthood: A critical overview	18
Recommendations for the use of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies in the diagnosis and follow-up of systemic lupus erythematosus – A proposal from an expert panel	18
Involvement of aquaporin 5 in Sjögren’s syndrome	17
Autoimmune effector mechanisms associated with a defective immunosuppressive axis in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)	17
Advancing understanding of autoimmune disease-related interstitial lung disease (AD-ILD): A global perspective on research focus and future directions	17
Prevalence of anti-Ro52-kDa/SSA (TRIM21) antibodies and associated clinical phenotype in systemic sclerosis: Data from a French cohort, a systematic review and meta-analysis	17
The interferon in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: Different signatures and new therapeutic perspectives. A literature review	17
Regulated cell death in systemic lupus erythematosus: Key pathways and targeted therapies	16
Editorial Board	16
Takotsubo syndrome occurring in systemic diseases: A French multicenter retrospective case-control study and literature review	16
Exploring vaccine safety and adverse events in major autoimmune diseases	16
Kidney disease in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: Risk factors, pathophysiology and management	16
Thyroid autoimmunity and SARS-CoV-2 infection: Report of a large Italian series	16
Editorial Board	16
Pursuing appropriateness in antiphospholipid antibodies testing: Feasibility study with a reflex test approach for anti-β2GPI I domain	16
Severe treatment-refractory antibody positive autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy and COVID19 vaccination: Correspondence	16
Systemic lupus erythematosus in critical care: A systematic review of ICU outcomes and management	16
The role of bDMARDs in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: A systematic literature review	16
Exercise-induced modulation of Interferon-signature: a therapeutic route toward management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	16
Letter to the editor regarding a meta-analysis of JAK inhibitors and psoriatic arthritis	16
Does a window of opportunity for rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease exist?	16
From systemic lupus erythematosus to lupus nephritis: The evolving road to targeted therapies	15
Multiple sclerosis and pregnancy: Pathogenesis, influencing factors, and treatment options	15
Macrophage metabolic reprogramming: A trigger for cardiac damage in autoimmune diseases	15
Cardiovascular risk in psoriatic arthritis: How can we manage it?	15
Relapses in giant cell arteritis: Updated review for clinical practice	15
Efficacy and safety of intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulin therapy in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis	15
Global research landscape on antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: Trends, collaborations, and future directions	15
The roles of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 in autoimmune diseases: Mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic potential	15
Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and respiratory chain enzyme defects in inflammatory myopathies	15
Outcomes of ICU patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulin for sepsis or autoimmune diseases	15
Early skeletal muscle manifestations in polyarteritis nodosa and ANCA-associated vasculitis	15
Corrigendum to “Intravenous immunoglobulins reduce skin thickness in systemic sclerosis: evidence from Systematic Literature Review and from real life experience” [Autoimmunity Reviews, Volume 20, Iss	15
The role of γδ T cells and CAR-γδ T cell therapy in autoimmune diseases	15
Intravenous immunoglobulin as a therapy for autoimmune conditions	14
Comprehensive analysis of cell lineages involved in giant cell arteritis pathogenesis using highly multiplexed imaging mass cytometry	14
The role of interleukin inhibitors in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa; a systematic review of clinical trials	14
Letter to the editor: Keratitis fugax hereditaria is an eye-specific cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome	14
Oligoclonal bands and kappa free light chains: Competing parameters or complementary biomarkers?	14
Editorial Board	14
The entrenchment of NLRP3 inflammasomes in autoimmune disease-related inflammation	14
Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of antifibrotic agents in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis	14
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome: A disorder of immune dysregulation	14
Paraneoplastic autoimmune Laminin-332 syndrome (PALS): Anti-Laminin-332 mucous membrane pemphigoid as a prototype	14
Single centre experience of 120 patients with non-infectious aortitis: Clinical features, treatment and complications	14
ChatGPT and autoimmunity – A new weapon in the battlefield of knowledge	14
The role of TAPSE/sPAP ratio in predicting pulmonary hypertension and mortality in the systemic sclerosis EUSTAR cohort	13
Editorial Board	13
Analysis of global prevalence, DALY and trends of inflammatory bowel disease and their correlations with sociodemographic index: Data from 1990 to 2019	13
Short-term and low-dose IL-2 therapy increases the reduced Treg cells in patients with microscopic polyangiitis	13
Tailoring the treatment of inflammatory rheumatic diseases by a better stratification and characterization of the clinical patient heterogeneity. Findings from a systematic literature review and exper	13
Exposome: Epigenetics and autoimmune diseases	13
Effects of nutritional supplements and dietary interventions on rheumatoid arthritis: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials	13
Cognitive impairment in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: A narrative review focused on ANCA-associated vasculitis, sarcoidosis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and Behçet's disea	13
Macrophage polarization regulates the pathogenesis and progression of autoimmune diseases	13
Contemporary advances in antibody-mediated encephalitis: anti-LGI1 and anti-Caspr2 antibody (Ab)-mediated encephalitides	13
Updated insight into the role of Th2-associated immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus	13
Risk of venous thromboembolism in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review	13
Social determinants of health and disparities across the Patient pathway in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a narrative review	13
Building a monitoring matrix for the management of multiple sclerosis	13
Towards personalized management of myasthenia gravis phenotypes: From the role of multi-omics to the emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets	13
B and T cells: (Still) the dominant orchestrators in autoimmune hepatitis	13
COVID-19, G protein-coupled receptor, and renin-angiotensin system autoantibodies: Systematic review and meta-analysis	13
Residual pain in rheumatoid arthritis: Is it a real problem?	13
Aquaporins: Unexpected actors in autoimmune diseases	13
Novel aspects of muscle involvement in immune-mediated inflammatory arthropathies and connective tissue diseases	12
Is it safe to withdraw low-dose glucocorticoids in SLE patients in remission?	12
Anti-HMGCR immune-mediated necrotising myopathy: Addressing the remaining issues	12
Framework for implementing treat-to-target in systemic lupus erythematosus routine clinical care: consensus statements from an international task force	12
Diagnostic yield of combined cranial and large vessel PET/CT, ultrasound and MRI in giant cell arteritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis	12
Current state of epigenetics in giant cell arteritis: Focus on microRNA dysregulation	12
Renal involvement in systemic sclerosis	12
Global burden and cross-country inequalities in autoimmune diseases from 1990 to 2019	12
Circulating and skin biopsy-present cytokines related to the pathogenesis of cutaneous lupus erythematosus	12
Unraveling the global burden of inflammatory bowel disease (1990–2019): A Joinpoint regression analysis of divergent trends in 10–24 and 50–69 age cohorts	12
Autoreactive T cells of ankylosing spondylitis elicited by COVID-19 infection: A snapshot of immunological host defense and autoimmune imprinting	12
SLE patients with childhood-onset: A nation-wide population-based study	12
Immunometabolic shifts in autoimmune disease: Mechanisms and pathophysiological implications	12
Association between breastfeeding and the risk of autoimmune diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis	12
Environmental toxins and toxic metals in autoimmune diseases: Sex differences, hormonal influences, and immune dysregulation	12
The role of B cells in Sjögren's syndrome and their impact on the nervous system	11
Non-invasive imaging in antiphospholipid syndrome to assess subclinical coronary artery disease	11
Editorial Board	11
Association between weather conditions and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis	11
Longitudinal monitoring of circulating immune cell phenotypes in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis	11
Health inequalities and social determinants of health: The role of syndemics in rheumatic diseases	11
Interleukin-6 in neuroimmunological disorders: Pathophysiology and therapeutic advances with satralizumab	11
Implementation of regulatory guidance for JAK inhibitors use in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: An international appropriateness study	11
Pathogenesis-based new perspectives of management of ANCA-associated vasculitis	11
Global analysis of antiphospholipid syndrome and stroke research: identifying emerging trends, international collaborations, and knowledge gaps	11
Experiences and unmet needs of persons living with systemic lupus erythematosus in Europe: Lupus Europe's 2024 Swiss knife survey	11
Autoimmune autonomic nervous system imbalance and conditions: Chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, silicone breast implants, COVID and post-COVID syndrome, sick building syndrome, post-orthostatic	11
Subclinical giant cell arteritis in polymyalgia rheumatica: Concurrent conditions or a common spectrum of inflammatory diseases?	11
Reflecting on a decade of the international consensus on ANA patterns (ICAP): Accomplishments and challenges from the perspective of the 7th ICAP workshop	11