Nature Reviews Microbiology

Article	Citations
Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19	3202
SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape	2636
Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease	2037
Coronavirus biology and replication: implications for SARS-CoV-2	2022
Plant–microbiome interactions: from community assembly to plant health	1419
Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations	1193
The gut microbiota–brain axis in behaviour and brain disorders	904
Antibiotic resistance in the environment	845
Nanomaterial-based therapeutics for antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections	649
Gut microbial metabolites as multi-kingdom intermediates	568
Considerations for diagnostic COVID-19 tests	556
Infectious disease in an era of global change	555
Biofilm dispersion	447
Transmissibility and transmission of respiratory viruses	447
SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis	431
The biofilm life cycle: expanding the conceptual model of biofilm formation	354
Regulation of peptidoglycan synthesis and remodelling	353
Tolerance and resistance of microbial biofilms	347
Tackling the emerging threat of antifungal resistance to human health	338
An evolving view on biogeochemical cycling of iron	316
Life and death in the soil microbiome: how ecological processes influence biogeochemistry	312
Bat-borne virus diversity, spillover and emergence	299
The evolution of SARS-CoV-2	288
The population genetics of pathogenic Escherichia coli	280
Unique and common traits in mycorrhizal symbioses	275

Mechano-bactericidal actions of nanostructured surfaces	275
The human virome: assembly, composition and host interactions	275
Structural biology of SARS-CoV-2 and implications for therapeutic development	274
Prevotella diversity, niches and interactions with the human host	266
Host–microbiota interactions in immune-mediated diseases	260
Pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host	257
Innovations to culturing the uncultured microbial majority	253
Microbial volatile organic compounds in intra-kingdom and inter-kingdom interactions	245
Electromicrobiology: the ecophysiology of phylogenetically diverse electroactive microorganisms	243
Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance revisited	238
The role of vaccines in combatting antimicrobial resistance	238
Tara Oceans: towards global ocean ecosystems biology	234
Horizontal gene transfer and adaptive evolution in bacteria	226
Pseudomonas aeruginosa adaptation and evolution in patients with cystic fibrosis	224
Diversity within species: interpreting strains in microbiomes	223
Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation and social interactions	218
Interactions between bacterial and phage communities in natural environments	212
The stringent response and physiological roles of (pp)pGpp in bacteria	207
Beyond horizontal gene transfer: the role of plasmids in bacterial evolution	202
Ecology and genomics of Actinobacteria: new concepts for natural product discovery	201
Influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2: pathogenesis and host responses in the respiratory tract	199
Priority effects in microbiome assembly	196
Biology and evolution of bacterial toxin–antitoxin systems	189
Soil microbiomes and one health	185
SARS-CoV-2 variant biology: immune escape, transmission and fitness	184
Bacterial motility: machinery and mechanisms	182
Skeletal infections: microbial pathogenesis, immunity and clinical management	179
Microbiome-based therapeutics	179
The structural basis of herpesvirus entry	175
Antimicrobial use, drug-resistant infections and COVID-19	173
Crop microbiome and sustainable agriculture	171
Infections at the maternal–fetal interface: an overview of pathogenesis and defence	169
Microbial diversity in extreme environments	165
Reconstructing organisms in silico: genome-scale models and their emerging applications	163
Nutritional immunity: the battle for nutrient metals at the host–pathogen interface	162
Bile acids and the gut microbiota: metabolic interactions and impacts on disease	162
The microbiome-shaping roles of bacteriocins	158
The biofilm matrix: multitasking in a shared space	157
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics in microbiome investigations	156
Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) in the gut microbiome	150
Anti-tuberculosis treatment strategies and drug development: challenges and priorities	150
Immune evasion and provocation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis	149
The rumen microbiome: balancing food security and environmental impacts	149
Evasion of plant immunity by microbial pathogens	147
Treatment strategies for cryptococcal infection: challenges, advances and future outlook	145
Examining horizontal gene transfer in microbial communities	144
SARS-CoV-2 variant evasion of monoclonal antibodies based on in vitro studies	142
Proximate and ultimate causes of the bactericidal action of antibiotics	140
Microbial evolution and transitions along the parasite–mutualist continuum	137
Human papillomaviruses: diversity, infection and host interactions	134

Epstein–Barr virus and multiple sclerosis	132
Antibiofilm activity of host defence peptides: complexity provides opportunities	132
Microbial production of advanced biofuels	130
Climate change impacts on plant pathogens, food security and paths forward	129
The host-associated archaeome	122
Learning from the past: development of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines	121
Physical properties of the bacterial outer membrane	119
Staphylococcus aureus host interactions and adaptation	118
Evolutionary causes and consequences of bacterial antibiotic persistence	116
Salmonella Typhimurium and inflammation: a pathogen-centric affair	116
Interactions between Borrelia burgdorferi and ticks	115
Ecology, evolution and spillover of coronaviruses from bats	113
Formation and function of bacterial organelles	113
The dynamic lung microbiome in health and disease	111
Ecology and impacts of white-nose syndrome on bats	110
Nanomaterials arising amid antibiotic resistance	107
When anaerobes encounter oxygen: mechanisms of oxygen toxicity, tolerance and defence	107
Toxoplasma gondii infection and its implications within the central nervous system	103
Target protection as a key antibiotic resistance mechanism	100
Architecture of bacterial respiratory chains	99
The marine nitrogen cycle: new developments and global change	94
Trichoderma: a multipurpose, plant-beneficial microorganism for eco-sustainable agriculture	94
Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic regulation of viral replication	92
Antigenic evolution will lead to new SARS-CoV-2 variants with unpredictable severity	92
Gradients and consequences of heterogeneity in biofilms	90
Influenza lineage extinction during the COVID-19 pandemic?	86
Structural biology of CRISPR–Cas immunity and genome editing enzymes	84
Host specificity of the gut microbiome	84
Monkeypox virus: a neglected zoonotic pathogen spreads globally	84
Composition and functions of bacterial membrane vesicles	83
Towards SARS-CoV-2 serotypes?	82
Cells within cells: Rickettsiales and the obligate intracellular bacterial lifestyle	82
Diversity and evolution of the animal virome	82
Predictive biology: modelling, understanding and harnessing microbial complexity	81
Revisiting the rules of life for viruses of microorganisms	81
The ecological roles of bacterial chemotaxis	80
The WHO fungal priority pathogens list as a game-changer	80
Multimodal interactions of drugs, natural compounds and pollutants with the gut microbiota	80
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on community respiratory virus activity	78
Microbially mediated metal corrosion	77
A lasting symbiosis: how the Hawaiian bobtail squid finds and keeps its bioluminescent bacterial partner	77
Structural insights into RNA polymerases of negative-sense RNA viruses	74
The LUCA and its complex virome	73
Diverse and unified mechanisms of transcription initiation in bacteria	72
A lasting symbiosis: how Vibrio fischeri finds a squid partner and persists within its natural host	71
Clostridioides difficile toxins: mechanisms of action and antitoxin therapeutics	69
Microbiota succession throughout life from the cradle to the grave	68
The highly diverse antiphage defence systems of bacteria	67
Architecture of the dynamic fungal cell wall	64
Viral and host heterogeneity and their effects on the viral life cycle	64
Marine biofilms: diversity, interactions and biofouling	63
The physiology and genetics of bacterial responses to antibiotic combinations	59
Genomic and fossil windows into the secret lives of the most ancient fungi	59
Staphylococcus epidermidis and its dual lifestyle in skin health and infection	58
Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance: mechanisms and regulation	58
Physiological limitations and opportunities in microbial metabolic engineering	57
Mutualistic interplay between bacteriophages and bacteria in the human gut	56
Pathogenesis, epidemiology and control of Group A Streptococcus infection	56
Anti-trypanosomatid drug discovery: progress and challenges	56
Optimizing antimicrobial use: challenges, advances and opportunities	54
Population bottlenecks and founder effects: implications for mosquito-borne arboviral emergence	53
Structure and function of retroviral integrase	52
SARS-CoV-2 viral load and shedding kinetics	51
Author Correction: Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations	51
The gut–liver axis and gut microbiota in health and liver disease	51
Giant virus biology and diversity in the era of genome-resolved metagenomics	50
Interspecific hybridization as a driver of fungal evolution and adaptation	49
Alternative functions of CRISPR–Cas systems in the evolutionary arms race	47
From the soil to the clinic: the impact of microbial secondary metabolites on antibiotic tolerance and resistance	47
Soil viral diversity, ecology and climate change	45
Bacterial defences: mechanisms, evolution and antimicrobial resistance	44
Type VII secretion systems: structure, functions and transport models	44
Forest microbiome and global change	42
Prospects for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines in Africa	41
Author Correction: Plant–microbiome interactions: from community assembly to plant health	40
Lipid biomarkers: molecular tools for illuminating the history of microbial life	40
Microbial oxidation of atmospheric trace gases	40
Lassa fever — the road ahead	38
The interplay between microbial communities and soil properties	36
Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus	35

Shaping bacterial gene expression by physiological and proteome allocation constraints	35
RNA-targeting CRISPR–Cas systems	34
Innate immune evasion strategies of SARS-CoV-2	34
Impact of enteric bacterial infections at and beyond the epithelial barrier	33
The biogeography of infection revisited	32
Respiratory syncytial virus infection and novel interventions	32
Viral genomics in Ebola virus research	30
The oral microbiome: diversity, biogeography and human health	29
Genomics and epidemiological surveillance	29
Antibiotic perturbations to the gut microbiome	27
Surveying membrane landscapes: a new look at the bacterial cell surface	26
Bacterial DNA excision repair pathways	26
The rapid emergence of antifungal-resistant human-pathogenic fungi	22
The importance of molecular diagnostics for infectious diseases in low-resource settings	22
Prevention, treatment and cure of HIV infection	22