Expert Review of Hematology

Article	Citations
Use of immunoglobulin replacement therapy in patients with secondary antibody deficiency in daily practice: a European expert Q&A-based review	50
Phase II single-arm study of brentuximab vedotin in Chinese patients with relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma or systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma	45
COVID-19 associated with immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis	42
Elranatamab vs. teclistamab: battle of the BCMA bispecifics in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma	41
Advances in myelodysplastic syndromes: promising novel agents and combination strategies	32
The National Hemophilia Foundation State of the Science Research Summit initiative: executive summary	28
Hematological parameters and X-ray exposure among medical radiation workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis	23
A combination of carfilzomib, dexamethasone, and daratumumab for treatment of adult patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in two dosing regimens: once-weekly and twice-weekly	22
Bone marrow morphological features and therapy in patients with Philadelphia-negative neoplasms	22
Synovitis in hemophilia: preventing, detecting, and treating joint bleeds	20
Post-COVID-19 hematologic complications: a systematic review	20
An expert review of voxelotor for the treatment of hemolytic anemia in patients with sickle cell disease: ‘bridging the gap between laboratory data and patient related outcomes’	20
Exploring health disparities in diagnosing multiple myeloma	19
The promise of novel treatments for severe chronic neutropenia	18
Bridging the gap: how do we enroll more racial-ethnic minority patients in hematological drug trials?	17
Long-term hypercoagulability, endotheliopathy and inflammation following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection	16
Current evidence on the use of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm: a systematic review	15
Predictors of relapse and preventative strategies in immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura	15
Acalabrutinib: a bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia	14
Genetic variant of endothelial protein C receptor genes and its serum level in B thalassemic children	14
From bench to bedside: bridging the gaps in best practices for real-world chronic myeloid leukemia care	13
Luspatercept as a therapy for myelodysplastic syndromes with ring sideroblasts	13
An update on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura	13
Novel BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia	12
Anti-BCMA CAR-T cell-based therapies and bispecific antibodies in the immunotherapy era: are we ready for this?	12

Recent advances in therapeutic options for rare hemostatic disorders: selected poster extracts of recent research in hemophilia A, congenital hemophilia with inhibitors, von Willebrand disease, and th	12
Frequencies of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-deficient cells using high-sensitivity flow cytometry as per the 2018 ICCS/ESCCA consensus guideline in patients with hematologic malignancy, aplastic	11
Evaluating ravulizumab for the treatment of children and adolescents with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	11
Upfront therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: looking beyond R-CHOP	11
Exploring shared pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and osteoporosis via bioinformatic analysis	11
An evaluation of venetoclax in combination with azacitidine, decitabine, or low-dose cytarabine as therapy for acute myeloid leukemia	10
Targeting Ikaros and Aiolos: reviewing novel protein degraders for the treatment of multiple myeloma, with a focus on iberdomide and mezigdomide	10
Are we closer to a standard of care for Richter’s syndrome? Novel treatments on the horizon	10
Cyclophosphamide and horse anti-thymocyte globulin versus fludarabine, reduced cyclophosphamide and rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplan	10
Factors associated with blood pressure variation in sickle cell disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analyses	10
Curative effect of motherwort combined with ethinylestradiol-cyproterone acetate on dysfunctional uterine bleeding	10
Chromosomal 1q21 abnormalities in multiple myeloma: a review of translational, clinical research, and therapeutic strategies	10
How low risk are low risk myelodysplastic syndromes?	10
Pomalidomide combined with dexamethasone for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis	10
Therapeutic strategies, including allogeneic stem cell transplantation, to overcome relapsed/refractory adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	9
An evaluation of fedratinib for adult patients with newly diagnosed and previously treated myelofibrosis	9
Endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: an expert analysis	9
CD123-targeted therapy in acute myeloid leukemia	9
Best practices and recommendations for drug regimens and plasma exchange for immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura	9
Current therapies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: risk and prophylaxis strategies for secondary/opportunistic infections	9
Inhibitor eradication and treatment for acquired hemophilia A	9
Platelets: the point of interconnection among cancer, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases	9
The effect of immunomodulatory drugs on bone metabolism of patients with multiple myeloma	9
Do we need more guidance on thrombophilia testing? Challenges and special considerations	9
Improving care for systemic light-chain amyloidosis patients: is a multidisciplinary approach best?	8
Novel treatments for immune thrombocytopenia: targeting platelet autoantibodies	8
Computational modeling – an approach to the development of blood grouping reagents	8
What is the future of digital tools to help manage pain in sickle cell disease patients?	8
Cytomegalovirus induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: diagnostic and treatment challenges for the future	8
Cardiovascular involvement in patients affected by multiple myeloma: a comprehensive review of recent advances	8
Immune thrombocytopenia and pregnancy: challenges and opportunities in diagnosis and management	8
Effect of days of age at first blood transfusion on intraventricular hemorrhage in very low and extremely low birth weight infants	8
Evolving strategies to overcome barriers in CAR-T cell therapy for acute myeloid leukemia	8
Applications of artificial intelligence to myeloproliferative neoplasms: a narrative review	7
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in Egyptian children: diagnosis, treatment challenges, and outcome	7
The expression of CD30 and its clinico-pathologic significance in peripheral T-cell lymphomas	7
The development of a home-based therapeutic platform for multiple myeloma	7
Next generation anticoagulants: a spotlight on the potential role of activated factors XII and XI	7
BCMA-targeted therapies for multiple myeloma: strategies to maximize efficacy and minimize adverse events	7
CRISPR-based gene therapy for the induction of fetal hemoglobin in sickle cell disease	7
Improving outcomes and quality of life for patients with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia: recommendations for best clinical practice and the use of novel treatment strategies	7
Efficacy/effectiveness and safety of emicizumab prophylaxis of people with hemophilia A: a systematic review and meta-analysis	7
Sickle cell disease and infertility risks: implications for counseling and care of affected girls and women	7
The evolving management algorithm for the patient with newly diagnosed cold agglutinin disease	7
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and HCL-like disorders: present, emergent treatment options and future directions	7
Evaluating ropeginterferon alfa-2b for the treatment of adults with polycythemia vera	7
Presentations and outcomes among sickle cell disease patients with COVID-19 at a large southern healthcare system	7
National strategic advocacy to manage patients with inherited bleeding disorders in low and lower-middle income countries	7
Challenges facing minimal residual disease testing for acute myeloid leukemia and promising strategies to overcome them	6
Enhancing prognostication and personalizing treatment of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma	6

Robustness and pragmatism of the evidence supporting the European Society for Medical Oncology guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of follicular lymphoma	6
Past, present, and future of orthopedic surgery in hemophilia: looking to a world without bleeding and arthropathy in the near future	6
Fetal anemia in monochorionic twins: a review on diagnosis, management, and outcome	6
Emerging and current treatment combinations for transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma patients	6
Are myelodysplastic syndromes ready for venetoclax? Exploring future potential and considerations	6
Is intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation mandatory for curing Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in young patients in the era of multitarget agents	6
Positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) vs. gastroscopy: Can it improve detection of extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of the stomach following H. pylori treatment?	5
Intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma in patients with hemophilia and painful knee joint cartilage degeneration	5
Challenges and emerging therapeutic strategies for TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia: still disappointing findings?	5
Extended post-discharge thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients	5
Foreword: a special focus on bleeding disorders	5
Identifying prognostic gene panels in acute myeloid leukemia	5
A new decade: novel immunotherapies on the horizon for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma	5
Identification of miR-451 target genes as prognostic markers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma	5
Emerging small molecular inhibitors as targeted therapies for high-risk acute myeloid leukemias	5
Understanding and overcoming resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)	5
Overexpression of cancerous inhibitor ofPP2A (CIP2A) in acute myeloid leukemia	5
An evaluation of mitapivat for the treatment of hemolytic anemia in adults with pyruvate kinase deficiency	5
Current status of drug repositioning in hematology	5
Managing complications secondary to Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia	5
New approaches to managing relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: the role of checkpoint inhibitors and beyond	5
How can we assess and measure prognosis for MALT lymphoma? A review of current findings and strategies	5
Systematic review of costs and cost-effectiveness of treatment for relapsed/refractory acute leukemia in children and young adults	5
Genome- and transcriptome-wide association studies show that pulmonary embolism is associated with bone-forming proteins	5
Evaluating zanubrutinib for the treatment of adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma	5
Immune thrombocytopenia	5
Etranacogene dezaparvovec for the treatment of adult patients with severe and moderately severe hemophilia B	4
Early diagnosis of persons with von Willebrand disease using a machine learning algorithm and real-world data	4
Challenges in the diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura	4
Interleukin-37, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and transforming growth factor-β1: promising biomarkers in primary immune thrombocytopenia	4
Reduction of ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation (RIPA) during storage despite plasma renewal: evidence for hemostatic importance of GPIbα shedding	4
A comprehensive review on gelatinous transformation of the bone marrow	4
Rational hemostatic management in cirrhosis: from old paradigms to new clinical challenges	4
The medication usage pattern and prevalence of polypharmacy among patients with sickle cell disease: a population-based study in southern Iran	4
Outcome measures in hemophilia: current and future perspectives	4
18 F-FDG-PET/CT response after first-line treatment as a prognostic factor for survival in peripheral T-cell lymphoma: a Spanish retrospective study	4
Relapse and resistance in acute myeloid leukemia post venetoclax: improving second lines therapy and combinations	4
The role of interleukin-20 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A biomarkers in the detection of renal impairment in patients with multiple myeloma	4
Targeting von Willebrand disease: the current status and future directions of management therapies	4
A review of prophylactic regimens to prevent invasive fungal infections in hematology patients undergoing chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation	4
Late effects of hemopoietic stem cell transplant for sickle cell disease: monitoring and management	4
Development of CD30 CAR-T cells in refractory or relapsed Hodgkin’s lymphoma	4
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: current status and future directions mainly focusing on a Chinese perspective	4
Screening and interventional strategies for the late effects and toxicities of hematological malignancy treatments in pediatric survivors	4
BTK inhibitors: moving the needle on the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia	4
Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in hairy cell leukemia-variant: where are we in 2021?	4
Hemophilic arthropathy: how to diagnose subclinical bleeding early and how to orthopedically treat a damaged joint	4
A critical evaluation of crizanlizumab for the treatment of sickle cell disease	4
Trend of fluctuations of antithrombin in plasma of patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis and systematic review	4
Navigating the gap between guidelines and practical challenges in selecting first-line therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia	3
Relation between hematocrit and the risk of human common cancers: results from the 1999-2020 observational survey and Mendelian randomization analysis	3
The future of siRNA-mediated approaches to treat von Willebrand disease	3
Overcoming the challenges of treating hemophilia in resource-limited nations: a focus on medication access and adherence	3
Efficacy and safety of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in the treatment of thrombocytopenia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a meta-analysis and systematic review	3
Pregnancy and sickle cell disease: an overview of complications and suggested perinatal care	3
Association of proton pump inhibitor use with the development of febrile neutropenia in lymphoma patients	3
Exploring the genetic relationship between deep vein thrombosis and plasma protein: a new research idea	3
The potential of triplet combination therapies for patients with FLT3-ITD -mutated acute myeloid leukemia	3
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for classical inherited bone marrow failure syndromes: an update	3
Effect of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents on malignant neoplasms: FAERS database and Mendelian randomization	3
The relationship between anemia and obesity	3
Revisiting the role of measurable residual disease in FLT3 mutated acute myelogenous leukemia	3
Real-world effectiveness of voxelotor for treating sickle cell disease in the US: a large claims data analysis	3
Recent guidelines for high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant for systemic AL amyloidosis: a practitioner’s perspective	3
Secondary primary malignancies after treatment with chemo-immunotherapy in treatment-naïve patients with CLL: a systematic literature review	3
‘A stitch in time saves nine’: early stem cell transplant continues to improve outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma	3
Evaluating the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors on venous thromboembolism in non-small cell lung cancer patients	3
BCL-2 inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia: resistance and combinations	3
Efficacy and safety of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a meta-analysis and systematic review	3
Subclinical atherosclerotic predictive value of inflammatory markers in thalassemia intermedia patients	3
Extracellular vesicles secreted by leukemic cells as mediators of dysregulated hematopoiesis: acute myeloid leukemia as a case in point	3
Role of daratumumab in the frontline management of multiple myeloma: a narrative review	3
Efanesoctocog alfa for the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients with hemophilia A	3
Sports practice should be supported in people with severe hemophilia, but patient counseling and tailoring prophylactic treatment with clotting factors and non-replacement therapy is essential	3
Managing blood supplies during natural disasters, humanitarian emergencies, and pandemics: lessons learned from COVID-19	3
Development of a telematic pharmaceutical care app (Haemoassist) for multidisciplinary follow-up of patients with congenital coagulopathies	3
Impact of genotype on clinical course in sickle cell disease and the utility of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio: a ten-year single-institution experience	3
Soliciting international perspectives on an American national research agenda for inherited bleeding disorders	3
Predicting the development of hemophilic arthropathy in patients with hemophilia based on patient age: a retrospective single-center database study	3
Management of chronic myeloid leukemia in myeloid blastic phase with novel therapies: a systematic literature review	3

Impact of atrial fibrillation in onco-hematological patients in Europe: a targeted literature review	3
Optimizing outcomes for haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in severe aplastic anemia with intensive GVHD prophylaxis: a review of current findings	3
Idecabtagene vicleucel versus ciltacabtagene autoleucel: a Sophie’s choice for patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma	2
Personalized approaches for treatment-naïve mantle cell lymphoma	2
Understanding the interplay between chronic lymphocytic leukemia and type 2 diabetes	2
Bone marrow aspirate or biopsy for multiple myeloma: when percentages matter!	2
NSAIDS/COXIBS for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain secondary to hemophilic arthropathy	2
Phenotypic variation in sickle cell disease: the role of beta globin haplotype, alpha thalassemia, and fetal hemoglobin in HbSS	2
BCL-2 and BTK inhibitors for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: current treatments and overcoming resistance	2
Current and emerging therapies as potential treatment for people with von Willebrand disease	2
Sequencing novel agents in the treatment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma	2
Patient-centered care in von Willebrand disease: are we there yet?	2
Evaluating pirtobrutinib for the treatment of relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma	2
T-cell exhaustion in multiple myeloma	2
Update on iron supplementation in patients with cancer-related anemia	2
Practical tips for managing FLT3 mutated acute myeloid leukemia with midostaurin	2
Cost-effectiveness analysis of azacitidine maintenance therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia	2
A drug profile on selinexor for the treatment of refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma	2
Non-intensive acute myeloid leukemia therapies for older patients	2
Should we consider caplacizumab as routine treatment for acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura? An expert perspective on the pros and cons	2
Voxelotor for the treatment of sickle cell disease in pediatric patients	2
Spontaneous regression in mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma	2
Avapritinib for Systemic Mastocytosis	2
Correction	2
Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy: elucidating prevention strategies and identifying high-risk patients	2
Fatigue and health-related quality of life in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: a longitudinal assessment in China	2
Fedratinib, the first selective JAK2 inhibitor approved for treatment of myelofibrosis – an option beyond ruxolitinib	2
Rapid T-cell lymphoma progression associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors	2
Ibrutinib and venetoclax combination therapy for mantle cell lymphoma: are two better than one?	2
Use of direct oral anticoagulants and low molecular weight heparin in venous thromboembolism associated with cancer: real-world evidence in Argentina	2
How clinicians and persons with hemophilia may approach shared decision-making	2
Emerging concepts for assessing and predicting treatment-free remission in chronic myeloid leukemia patients	2
A systematic literature review of the epidemiology, quality of life, and economic burden, including disease pathways and treatment patterns of relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma	2
The role of intraarticular injections of hyaluronic acid in joint pain relief in hemophilic arthropathy	2
Proximal complement inhibitors in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: an abundance of options in a rare disease	2
Selinexor for the treatment of patients with previously treated multiple myeloma	2
Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia: diagnosis, treatment recommendations, and emerging therapies	2
Radioimmunotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia: a critical assessment of its prospects and limitations	2
About time: why central nervous system prophylaxis timing in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma matters and does the protocol need updating?	2
Light and shade of ruxolitinib: positive role of early treatment with ruxolitinib and ruxolitinib withdrawal syndrome in patients with myelofibrosis	2
Efficacy and safety evaluation of eptacog beta (coagulation factor VIIa [recombinant]-jncw) for the treatment of hemophilia A and B with inhibitors	2
Risk of infection in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP): a systematic review	2
Acute chest syndrome of sickle cell disease: genetics, risk factors, prognosis, and management	2
HIV-1 infection in sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait: role of iron and innate response	2
Total elbow arthroplasty in hemophilia: a high-risk surgical procedure	1
The National Hemophilia Foundation’s State of the Science Research Summit: the foundation of a national research blueprint for inherited bleeding disorders	1
New directions to develop therapies for people with hemophilia	1
Defining treatment success in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: exploring surrogate markers, comorbidities, and patient-centered endpoints	1
Procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker for infection in sickle cell disease	1
The influence of lymphoid enhancer binding factor-1 expression on the outcome of adult acute promyelocytic leukemia patients	1
Exercise and anemia in cancer patients: could it make the difference?	1
Effectiveness of ankle fusion in patients with hemophilia, advanced ankle degeneration, and unbearable pain for whom nonsurgical and surgical treatments have been ineffective	1
Modifiable lifestyle risk factors and survival after diagnosis with multiple myeloma	1
Pain management in people with hemophilia in childhood and young adulthood	1
Addressing thrombosis concerns in immune thrombocytopenia: the role of fostamatinib in immune thrombocytopenia management	1
Improving symptom burden and quality of life in patients with myelofibrosis: current strategies and future directions	1
An update on novel multiple myeloma targets	1
Radiation therapy prior to CAR T-cell therapy in lymphoma: impact on patient outcomes	1
Emerging roles of microRNAs in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and their clinical prospects	1
An expert spotlight on inferior vena cava filters	1
Characterizing the ideal patient for treatment with inotuzumab ozogamicin for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic literature review	1
Ultrasound-guided joint procedures in hemophilia: technique, indications and tips	1
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell grafts - moving away from a one-size-fits-all approach	1
Building the foundation for a community-generated national research blueprint for inherited bleeding disorders: research priorities in health services; diversity, equity, and inclusion; and implementa	1
Immunodeficiency-associated Hodgkin lymphoma	1
A retrospective single-center study on the effectiveness and tolerability of emicizumab in patients with hemophilia a with and without inhibitors	1
G-CSF primary prophylaxis use and outcomes in patients receiving chemotherapy at intermediate risk for febrile neutropenia: a scoping review	1
lncRNA GAS 5 rs145204276 as a risk factor for primary immune thrombocytopenia in the Chinese Han population	1
Construction of a prognostic model of acute myeloid leukemia associated with immunogenic cell death	1
Managing women of childbearing age with chronic myeloid leukemia: safety and treatment considerations	1
Dysregulated MAPK signaling pathway in acute myeloid leukemia with RUNX1 mutations	1
Janus kinase inhibitor monotherapy and combination therapies for myelofibrosis: what’s the current standard of care?	1
Optimizing long-term joint health in the treatment of hemophilia	1
Targeting CD123 in BPDCN: an emerging field	1
A toolmaker’s perspective on CRISPR-directed gene editing as a therapeutic strategy for leukemia and beyond	1
Total knee arthroplasty in hemophilia: lessons learned and projections of what’s next for hemophilic knee joint health	1
Molecular therapeutics of hemophilia A and B	1
Building the foundation for a community-generated national research blueprint for inherited bleeding disorders: facilitating research through infrastructure, workforce, resources and funding	1
Utilizing the prognostic impact of minimal residual disease in treatment decisions for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia	1
Enoxaparin adherence for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospitalized patients with sickle cell disease	1
An evaluation of asciminib for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia previously treated with ≥2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors	1
New developments in the diagnosis and characterization of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia	1
CircPTK2 promotes cell viability, cell cycle process, and glycolysis and inhibits cell apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia by regulating miR-582-3p/ALG3 axis	1
Development and internal validation of a prediction model for patients with hematologic diseases of fall risk: a cohort study	1
The biology and management of dyskeratosis congenita and related disorders of telomeres	1
Pacritinib for the treatment of patients with myelofibrosis and thrombocytopenia	1
What is the future of telomere length testing in telomere biology disorders?	1
Clinical status of induction therapy incorporating a hypomethylating agent for newly diagnosed adult acute myeloid leukemia compared to the standard 7+3 regimen	1
Association between polycythemia and risk of ischemic stroke in males based on the national health insurance service-health screening cohort	1
An evaluation of isatuximab, pomalidomide and dexamethasone for adult patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma	1
Clinical trials, challenges, and changes in TCR-based therapeutics for hematologic malignancies	1
Belantamab mafodotin for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in heavily pretreated patients: a US cost-effectiveness analysis	1
A new decade awaits sticky platelet syndrome: where are we now, how do we manage and what are the complications?	1
Assessing eligibility for treatment in acute myeloid leukemia in 2023	1
Key features of the underlying pathophysiology of Transfusion-related acute lung injury	1