Earth System Science Data

Papers
(The TQCC of Earth System Science Data is 17. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-05-01 to 2026-05-01.)
ArticleCitations
Quality control and correction method for air temperature data from a citizen science weather station network in Leuven, Belgium1512
A daily reconstructed chlorophyll- a dataset in the South China Sea from MODIS using OI-SwinUnet1151
A comprehensive in situ and remote sensing data set collected during the HALO–(???? ????) 3 aircraft campaign442
A quality-assured dataset of nine radiation components observed at the Shangdianzi regional GAW station in China (2013–2022)327
Rates and timing of chlorophyll- a increases and related environmental variables in global temperate and cold-temperate lakes280
Global oceanic diazotroph database version 2 and elevated estimate of global oceanic N 2 fixation271
Machine-learning-based reconstruction of long-term global terrestrial water storage anomalies from observed, satellite and land-surface model data242
FORMS: Forest Multiple Source height, wood volume, and biomass maps in France at 10 to 30 m resolution based on Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) data with a d219
Mapping photovoltaic power plants in China using Landsat, random forest, and Google Earth Engine213
IAPv4 ocean temperature and ocean heat content gridded dataset207
An organic matter database (OMD): consolidating global residue data from agriculture, fisheries, forestry and related industries206
Dynamics of China's forest carbon storage: the first 30 m annual aboveground biomass mapping from 1985 to 2023191
The Earth Topography 2022 (ETOPO 2022) global DEM dataset183
Global anthropogenic emissions (CAMS-GLOB-ANT) for the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service simulations of air quality forecasts and reanalyses180
Database of nitrification and nitrifiers in the global ocean175
A dataset of lake-catchment characteristics for the Tibetan Plateau165
Res-CN (Reservoir dataset in China): hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes across 3254 Chinese reservoirs162
The JapanFlux2024 dataset for eddy covariance observations covering Japan and East Asia from 1990 to 2023161
GSDM-WBT: global station-based daily maximum wet-bulb temperature data for 1981–2020157
ChinaAI-FSC: a comprehensive AI-ready MODIS fractional snow cover dataset for China (2000–2022)156
glenglat: a database of global englacial temperatures152
LegacyPollen 1.0: a taxonomically harmonized global late Quaternary pollen dataset of 2831 records with standardized chronologies146
Using machine learning to construct TOMCAT model and occultation measurement-based stratospheric methane (TCOM-CH4) and nitrous oxide (TCOM-N2O) profile data sets138
HCPD-CA: high-resolution climate projection dataset in central Asia136
ASM-SS: the first quasi-global high-spatial-resolution coastal storm surge dataset reconstructed from tide gauge records136
MASCS 1.0: synchronous atmospheric and oceanic data from a cross-shaped moored array in the northern South China Sea during 2014–2015128
Tephra data from varved lakes of the Last Glacial–Interglacial Transition: towards a global inventory and better chronologies on the Varved Sediments Database (VARDA)117
An inter-comparison of inverse models for estimating European CH 4 emissions112
High-resolution (1 km) all-sky net radiation over Europe enabled by the merging of land surface temperature retrievals from geostationary and polar-orbiting satellites111
Global biogeography of N 2 -fixing microbes: nifH  amplicon database and analytics workflow110
A synthesized field survey database of vegetation and active-layer properties for the Alaskan tundra (1972–2020)107
Reconstructing ocean subsurface salinity at high resolution using a machine learning approach105
Derivation and compilation of lower-atmospheric properties relating to temperature, wind, stability, moisture, and surface radiation budget over the central Arctic sea ice during MOSAiC103
Salinity and Stratification at the Sea Ice Edge (SASSIE): an oceanographic field campaign in the Beaufort Sea99
A 1 km hourly high-resolution 3D wind field dataset over the Yangtze River Delta incorporating dynamical downscaling, observational assimilation, and land use updates96
Reanalyses of Maskelyne's tidal data at St. Helena in 176194
Tropospheric water vapor: a comprehensive high-resolution data collection for the transnational Upper Rhine Graben region94
An Arctic sea ice concentration data record on a 6.25 km polar stereographic grid from 3 years of Landsat-8 imagery94
Dataset of oil slicks, look-alikes and remarkable SAR signatures obtained from Sentinel-1 data in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea92
Surface current variability in the East Australian Current from long-term high-frequency radar observations92
PM 2.5 concentrations based on near-surface visibility in the Northern Hemisphere from 1959 to 202292
A dataset of standard precipitation index reconstructed from multi-proxies over Asia for the past 300 years92
Hourly precipitation fields at 1 km resolution over Belgium from 1940 to 2016 based on the analog technique90
An atlas of seabed biodiversity for Aotearoa New Zealand83
The SAIL dataset of marine atmospheric electric field observations over the Atlantic Ocean82
Observations of the lower atmosphere from the 2021 WiscoDISCO campaign81
Spatiotemporal variability in pH and carbonate parameters on the Canadian Atlantic continental shelf between 2014 and 202279
CAMELS-NZ: hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes for New Zealand78
In situ airborne measurements of atmospheric parameters and airborne sea surface properties related to offshore wind parks in the German Bight during the project X-Wakes77
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht (IMAU) Antarctic automatic weather station data, including surface radiation balance (1995–2022)76
The countrywide historical gravity dataset of Lithuanian territory75
A lacustrine surface-sediment pollen dataset covering the Tibetan Plateau and its potential in past vegetation and climate reconstructions75
GCL-Mascon2024: a novel satellite gravimetry mascon solution using the short-arc approach74
A harmonized 2000–2024 dataset of daily river ice concentration and annual phenology for major Arctic rivers73
Measurement of the ice-nucleating particle concentration using a mobile filter-based sampler on-board of a fixed-wing uncrewed aerial vehicle during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 202273
Estimation of CFC-11 emissions from coal combustion in China71
A comprehensive geospatial database of nearly 100 000 reservoirs in China70
A high-resolution (0.05°) global seamless continuity record (2002–2023) of near-surface soil freeze-thaw states via passive microwave and optical satellite data69
Interdecadal glacier inventories in the Karakoram since the 1990s67
OCTOPUS database (v.2)66
A 10 m resolution land cover map of the Tibetan Plateau with detailed vegetation types63
A new inventory of High Mountain Asia surging glaciers derived from multiple elevation datasets since the 1970s63
OLIGOTREND, a global database of multi-decadal chlorophyll a and water quality time series for rivers, lakes, and estuaries62
China's annual forest age dataset at a 30 m spatial resolution from 1986 to 202262
The Landscape Fire Scars Database: mapping historical burned area and fire severity in Chile62
Hydro-PE: gridded datasets of historical and future Penman–Monteith potential evaporation for the United Kingdom62
Constructing a 22-year internal wave dataset for the northern South China Sea: spatiotemporal analysis using MODIS imagery and deep learning59
The annual update GLODAPv2.2023: the global interior ocean biogeochemical data product58
Location, biophysical and agronomic parameters for croplands in northern Ghana57
A merged continental planetary boundary layer height dataset based on high-resolution radiosonde measurements, ERA5 reanalysis, and GLDAS57
British Antarctic Survey's aerogeophysical data: releasing 25 years of airborne gravity, magnetic, and radar datasets over Antarctica57
AIGD-PFT: the first AI-driven global daily gap-free 4 km phytoplankton functional type data product from 1998 to 202357
The 2023 National Offshore Wind data set (NOW-23)56
Insights into the spatial distribution of global, national, and subnational greenhouse gas emissions in the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR v8.0)56
Global Carbon Budget 202255
A revisiting of early 18th-century environmental data to identify Gulf of Lion properties before the industrial era54
The HTAP_v3 emission mosaic: merging regional and global monthly emissions (2000–2018) to support air quality modelling and policies54
Estimating local agricultural gross domestic product (AgGDP) across the world54
A hydrogeomorphic dataset for characterizing catchment hydrological behavior across the Tibetan Plateau53
The ABoVE L-band and P-band airborne synthetic aperture radar surveys53
Data rescue of historical wind observations in Sweden since the 1920s52
A continual-learning-based multilayer perceptron for improved reconstruction of three-dimensional nitrate concentrations52
Enhancing long-term vegetation monitoring in Australia: a new approach for harmonising the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer normalised-difference vegetation index (NDVI) with MODIS NDVI51
High spatiotemporal resolution traffic CO 2 emission maps derived from Floating Car Data (FCD) for 20 European cities (2023)51
Annual hydrographic variability in Antarctic coastal waters infused with glacial inflow51
AltiMaP: altimetry mapping procedure for hydrography data51
First SMOS Sea Surface Salinity dedicated products over the Baltic Sea51
Quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from wood fuel use by households50
A submesoscale eddy identification dataset in the northwest Pacific Ocean derived from GOCI I chlorophyll  a data based on deep learning50
Mapping global non-floodplain wetlands48
A database of deep convective systems derived from the intercalibrated meteorological geostationary satellite fleet and the TOOCAN algorithm (2012–2020)47
CO 2 and hydrography acquired by autonomous surface vehicles from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea: data correction and validation47
French coastal network for carbonate system monitoring: the CocoriCO 2 dataset47
Bio-optical properties of the cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena46
A framework for gridded estimates of ammonia emissions from agriculture in South Asia46
A daily sunshine duration (SD) dataset in China from Himawari AHI imagery (2016–2023)46
Spatially resolved hourly traffic emission over megacity Delhi using advanced traffic flow data46
A 30 m annual maize phenology dataset from 1985 to 2020 in China45
The Total Carbon Column Observing Network's GGG2020 data version45
QUADICA: water QUAlity, DIscharge and Catchment Attributes for large-sample studies in Germany44
Global datasets of leaf photosynthetic capacity for ecological and earth system research44
The ISLAS2020 field campaign: studying the near-surface exchange process of stable water isotopes during the arctic wintertime44
Map of forest tree species for Poland based on Sentinel-2 data44
A global database on holdover time of lightning-ignited wildfires44
Capacity building enables unique near-fault observations of the destructive 2025 M w  7.7 Myanmar earthquake43
Multitemporal characterization of a proglacial system: a multidisciplinary approach42
A hyperspectral and multi-angular synthetic dataset for algorithm development in waters of varying trophic levels and optical complexity41
Multitemporal glacier inventory revealing four decades of glacier changes in the Ladakh region40
Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) daily and monthly level-3 products of atmospheric trace gas columns40
Attenuated atmospheric backscatter profiles measured by the CO 2 Sounder lidar in the 2017 ASCENDS/ABoVE airborne campaign40
Global gridded NOx emissions using TROPOMI observations39
SDUST2020 MSS: a global 1′ × 1′ mean sea surface model determined from multi-satellite altimetry data39
GLC_FCS30D: the first global 30 m land-cover dynamics monitoring product with a fine classification system for the period from 1985 to 2022 generated using dense-time-series Landsat imagery and the co38
Global and national CO 2 uptake by cement carbonation from 1928 to 202438
Global spatially-distributed sectoral GDP map for disaster risk analysis38
Global open-ocean daily turbulent heat flux dataset (1992–2020) from SSM/I via deep learning38
Global high-resolution drought indices for 1981–202238
EARice10: a 10 m resolution annual rice distribution map of East Asia for 202338
Global source–receptor-relationship database for integrated tropospheric ozone observations from multiplatform datasets in western North America during 1994–202137
PaleoRiada: a new integrated spatial database of palaeofloods in Spain37
Meteorological and hydrological data from the Alder Creek watershed, SW Ontario36
Long-term sea surface temperature time series from Malin Head, Ireland36
A 45-year hydrological and planktonic time series in the South Bight of the North Sea36
A gridded (0.1°  ×  0.1°) methane emission dataset for India for 2023 to redefine global climate studies36
Lagoon hydrodynamics of pearl farming islands: the case of Gambier (French Polynesia)36
Countrywide digital surface models and vegetation height models from historical aerial images35
The complete 3-year dataset of 4STAR sky-scans from ORACLES 2016–201835
A global 5 km monthly potential evapotranspiration dataset (1982–2015) estimated by the Shuttleworth–Wallace model35
A coarse pixel-scale ground “truth” dataset based on global in situ site measurements to support validation and bias correction of satellite surface albedo products35
CMEMS-LSCE: a global, 0.25°, monthly reconstruction of the surface ocean carbonate system34
SDUST2023BCO: a global seafloor model determined from a multi-layer perceptron neural network using multi-source differential marine geodetic data34
An hourly 0.02° total precipitable water dataset for all-weather conditions over the Tibetan Plateau through the fusion of observations of geostationary and multi-source microwave satellites34
A long-term high-resolution air quality reanalysis with a public-facing air quality dashboard over the Contiguous United States (CONUS)34
Reprocessing of eXpendable BathyThermograph (XBT) profiles from the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas over the time period 1999–2019 with a full metadata upgrade34
CALC-2020: a new baseline land cover map at 10 m resolution for the circumpolar Arctic34
Spatial and morphometric analysis of a comprehensive dataset of loess sinkholes from a small basin in the Chinese Loess Plateau34
A daily and 500 m coupled evapotranspiration and gross primary production product across China during 2000–202034
A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean colour satellite applications – version three34
Greenland Geothermal Heat Flow Database and Map (Version 1)34
Spatially distributed measurements of aerosols and stable isotopes in water vapour and precipitation in coastal Northern Norway during the ISLAS2021 campaign33
Ten years of 1 Hz solar irradiance observations at Cabauw, the Netherlands, with cloud observations, variability classifications, and statistics33
What is climate change doing in the Himalaya? Thirty years of the Pyramid Meteorological Network (Nepal)33
Editorial: Science, data and society33
Processing methodology for the ITS_LIVE Sentinel-1 ice velocity products33
World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) Global Lightning Climatology (WGLC) and time series, 2022 update32
MOPREDAScentury: a long-term monthly precipitation grid for the Spanish mainland32
Three years of soil moisture observations by a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensing cluster at an agricultural research site in north-east Germany32
Multidecadal reconstruction of terrestrial water storage changes by combining pre-GRACE satellite observations and climate data32
The Modern Ocean Sediment Archive and Inventory of Carbon (MOSAIC): version 2.032
Climate change risks illustrated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) “burning embers”32
A high-resolution temperature–salinity dataset observed by autonomous underwater vehicles for the evolution of mesoscale eddies and associated submesoscale processes in the South China Sea32
A new method for estimating atmospheric turbulence from global high-resolution radiosonde data and comparison with the Thorpe method32
Bivalve monitoring over French coasts: multi-decadal records of carbon and nitrogen elemental and isotopic ratios as ecological indicators of global change31
Radar and ground-level measurements of clouds and precipitation collected during the POPE 2020 campaign at Princess Elisabeth Antarctica31
Ice core chemistry database: an Antarctic compilation of sodium and sulfate records spanning the past 2000 years31
Satellite-based analysis of ocean-surface stress across the ice-free and ice-covered polar oceans31
Tracer-based Rapid Anthropogenic Carbon Estimation (TRACE)31
GlobalGeoTree: a multi-granular vision-language dataset for global tree species classification30
Application of a new net primary production methodology: a daily to annual-scale data set for the North Sea, derived from autonomous underwater gliders and satellite Earth observation30
Temporal and spatial mapping of theoretical biomass potential across the European Union30
National-scale sub-meter mapping of Spartina alterniflora in mainland China 202030
An updated synthesis of ocean total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon measurements from 1993 to 2023: the SNAPO-CO 2 -v2 dataset30
A new magnetic anomaly map for Greenland based on a combination of equivalent source modeling and spherical harmonic expansion29
Ocean cross-validated observations from R/Vs L'Atalante , Maria S. Merian , and Met29
Enhanced dataset of global marine isoprene emissions from biogenic and photochemical processes for the period 2001–202029
Gridded rainfall erosivity (2014–2022) in mainland China using 1 min precipitation data from densely distributed weather stations29
A new operational Mediterranean diurnal optimally interpolated sea surface temperature product within the Copernicus Marine Service29
The Italian Archive of Historical Earthquake Data, ASMI29
Downscaled hyper-resolution (400 m) gridded datasets of daily precipitation and temperature (2008–2019) for the East–Taylor subbasin (western United States)28
An integrated dataset of ground hydrothermal regimes and soil nutrients monitored in some previously burned areas in hemiboreal forests in Northeast China during 2016–202228
ForestScan: a unique multiscale dataset of tropical forest structure across 3 continents including terrestrial, UAV and airborne LiDAR and in-situ forest census data28
The Dutch real-time gauge-adjusted radar precipitation product28
A lake salinity dataset produced via microwave and optical imageries28
Seasonal patterns and diagnostic values of δ 2 H, δ 18 28
Microwave radiometry experiment for snow in Altay, China: time series of in situ data for electromagnetic and physical features of snowpack28
Annual carbon emissions from land-use change in China from 1000 to 201928
A 30 m spatial resolution dataset of ecosystem services in China for 2000, 2010, and 202027
High-resolution inventory and classification of retrogressive thaw slumps in West Siberia27
A 1 km soil organic carbon density dataset with depth of 20 and 100 cm from 1985 to 2020 in China27
Historical and future weather data for dynamic building simulations in Belgium using the regional climate model MAR: typical and extreme meteorological year and heatwaves27
A Sentinel-2 machine learning dataset for tree species classification in Germany27
EUPollMap: the European atlas of contemporary pollen distribution maps derived from an integrated Kriging interpolation approach27
Global dataset on seagrass meadow structure, biomass and production27
A high-resolution synthesis dataset for multistressor analyses along the US West Coast27
Monsoon Asia Rice Calendar (MARC): a gridded rice calendar in monsoon Asia based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images26
The CISE-LOCEAN seawater isotopic database (1998–2021)26
Global Carbon Budget 202326
Retrieving ground-level PM 2.5 concentrations in China (2013–2021) with a numerical-model-informed testbed to mitigate sample-imbalance-induced biase26
12 years of continuous atmospheric O 2 , CO 2 and APO data from Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory 25
Biologically effective daily radiant exposure for erythema appearance, previtamin D 3 synthesis, and clearing of psoriatic lesions derived from eryth25
Meteorological, snow and soil data, CO 2 , water and energy fluxes from a low-Arctic valley of Northern Quebec25
A global daily gap-filled chlorophyll- a dataset in open oceans during 2001–2021 from multisource information using convolutional neural networks25
Fire weather index data under historical and shared socioeconomic pathway projections in the 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project from 1850 to 210025
Estimation of long-term gridded cloud radiative kernel and radiative effects based on cloud fraction25
OceanSODA-UNEXE: a multi-year gridded Amazon and Congo River outflow surface ocean carbonate system dataset25
Development of the long-term harmonized multi-satellite SIF (LHSIF) dataset at 0.05° resolution (1995–2024)25
EEAR-Clim: a high-density observational dataset of daily precipitation and air temperature for the Extended European Alpine Region25
A global gridded dataset for cloud vertical structure from combined CloudSat and CALIPSO observations25
In situ-measured benthic fluxes of dissolved inorganic phosphorus in the Baltic Sea25
High-resolution bathymetry models for the Lena Delta and Kolyma Gulf coastal zones25
Advancing geodynamic research in Antarctica: reprocessing GNSS data to infer consistent coordinate time series (GIANT-REGAIN)25
A vegetation phenology dataset developed by integrating multiple sources using the reliability ensemble averaging method24
Ground-based atmospheric measurements at the Onsala Space Observatory (Sweden): data & trends (2009–2025)24
UGS-1m: fine-grained urban green space mapping of 31 major cities in China based on the deep learning framework24
CCAV-10m: an annual spatiotemporal dataset for eastern coastal China’s wetland vegetation by integrating Sentinel-1/2 observations via deep learning24
Antarctic Ice Sheet grounding line discharge from 1996–202424
Evaluating the transport of surface seawater from 1956 to 2021 using 137 Cs deposited in the global ocean as a chemical tracer24
Hourly historical and near-future weather and climate variables for energy system modelling24
MDAS: a new multimodal benchmark dataset for remote sensing24
High-resolution physicochemical dataset of atmospheric aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings24
Mapping global leaf inclination angle (LIA) based on field measurement data24
Four-century history of land transformation by humans in the United States (1630–2020): annual and 1 km grid data for the HIStory of LAND changes (HISLAND-US)24
Near-real-time atmospheric and oceanic science products of Himawari-8 and Himawari-9 geostationary satellites over the South China Sea23
Global Emissions Inventory from Open Biomass Burning (GEIOBB): utilizing Fengyun-3D global fire spot monitoring data23
SISALv3: a global speleothem stable isotope and trace element database23
A first approach towards dual-hemisphere sea ice reference measurements from multiple data sources repurposed for evaluation and product intercomparison of satellite altimetry23
Soil moisture observation in a forested headwater catchment: combining a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensor network with roving and hydrogravimetry at the TERENO site Wüstebach23
The Western Channel Observatory: a century of physical, chemical and biological data compiled from pelagic and benthic habitats in the western English Channel23
A global long-term (1981–2019) daily land surface radiation budget product from AVHRR satellite data using a residual convolutional neural network23
Predictive mapping of organic carbon stocks in surficial sediments of the Canadian continental margin23
Measurement of the ice-nucleating particle concentration with the Portable Ice Nucleation Experiment during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 202222
Updates to C-LSAT 2.1 and the development of high-resolution land surface air temperature and diurnal temperature range datasets22
GFC2020: a global map of forest land use for year 2020 to support the EU Deforestation Regulation22
Permafrost–wildfire interactions: active layer thickness estimates for paired burned and unburned sites in northern high latitudes22
EMO-5: a high-resolution multi-variable gridded meteorological dataset for Europe22
Surface p CO 2 and hydrography in the dense water formation area of the southern Adriatic22
River network and hydro-geomorphological parameters at 1∕12° resolution for global hydrological and climate studies22
Normalized difference vegetation index maps of pure pixels over China for estimation of fractional vegetation cover22
A new global dataset of mountain glacier centerlines and lengths22
A new multi-grid bathymetric dataset of the Gulf of Naples (Italy) from complementary multi-beam echo sounders22
A new global oceanic multi-model net primary productivity data product22
Peat-DBase v.1: a compiled database of global peat depth measurements22
An observational network of ground surface temperature under different land-cover types on the northeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau22
GloCAB: global cropland burned area from mid-2002 to 202022
Crop-specific management history of phosphorus fertilizer input (CMH-P) in the croplands of the United States: reconciliation of top-down and bottom-up data sources22
ISASO2: recent trends and regional patterns of ocean dissolved oxygen change22
A global marine particle size distribution dataset obtained with the Underwater Vision Profiler 522
Pan-Arctic soil element bioavailability estimations21
The ULR-repro3 GPS data reanalysis and its estimates of vertical land motion at tide gauges for sea level science21
High-resolution observations of the ocean upper layer south of Cape St. Vincent, the western northern margin of the Gulf of Cádiz21
State of Wildfires 2024–202521
Multispecies and high-spatiotemporal-resolution database of vehicular emissions in Brazil21
A 1 km soil moisture dataset over eastern CONUS generated by assimilating SMAP data into the Noah-MP land surface model21
Ground- and ship-based microwave radiometer measurements during EUREC 4 A21
Modern air, englacial and permafrost temperatures at high altitude on Mt Ortles (3905 m a.s.l.), in the eastern European Alps21
Full-coverage 250 m monthly aerosol optical depth dataset (2000–2019) amended with environmental covariates by an ensemble machine learning model over arid and semi-arid areas, NW China21
The polar mesospheric cloud dataset of the Balloon Lidar Experiment (BOLIDE)21
cigChannel: a large-scale 3D seismic dataset with labeled paleochannels for advancing deep learning in seismic interpretation21
Calving fronts and where to find them: a benchmark dataset and methodology for automatic glacier calving front extraction from synthetic aperture radar imagery20
Integration by design: driving mineral system knowledge using multi-modal, collocated, scale-consistent characterisation20
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