Earth System Science Data

Papers
(The TQCC of Earth System Science Data is 17. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-12-01 to 2025-12-01.)
ArticleCitations
Database of nitrification and nitrifiers in the global ocean1346
An organic matter database (OMD): consolidating global residue data from agriculture, fisheries, forestry and related industries1090
An hourly ground temperature dataset for 16 high-elevation sites (3493–4377 m a.s.l.) in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia (2017–2020)916
Harmonized chronologies of a global late Quaternary pollen dataset (LegacyAge 1.0)236
Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES224
LegacyPollen 1.0: a taxonomically harmonized global late Quaternary pollen dataset of 2831 records with standardized chronologies206
MASCS 1.0: synchronous atmospheric and oceanic data from a cross-shaped moored array in the northern South China Sea during 2014–2015192
A dataset of lake-catchment characteristics for the Tibetan Plateau179
Reactive nitrogen fluxes over peatland and forest ecosystems using micrometeorological measurement techniques171
Quality control and correction method for air temperature data from a citizen science weather station network in Leuven, Belgium158
FORMS: Forest Multiple Source height, wood volume, and biomass maps in France at 10 to 30 m resolution based on Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) data with a d156
Rates and timing of chlorophyll- a increases and related environmental variables in global temperate and cold-temperate lakes153
A synthesized field survey database of vegetation and active-layer properties for the Alaskan tundra (1972–2020)150
High-resolution (1 km) all-sky net radiation over Europe enabled by the merging of land surface temperature retrievals from geostationary and polar-orbiting satellites149
Res-CN (Reservoir dataset in China): hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes across 3254 Chinese reservoirs147
The JapanFlux2024 dataset for eddy covariance observations covering Japan and East Asia from 1990 to 2023146
Tephra data from varved lakes of the Last Glacial–Interglacial Transition: towards a global inventory and better chronologies on the Varved Sediments Database (VARDA)144
A comprehensive in situ and remote sensing data set collected during the HALO–(???? ????) 3 aircraft campaign139
HCPD-CA: high-resolution climate projection dataset in central Asia134
A quality-assured dataset of nine radiation components observed at the Shangdianzi regional GAW station in China (2013–2022)134
A daily reconstructed chlorophyll- a dataset in the South China Sea from MODIS using OI-SwinUnet133
glenglat: a database of global englacial temperatures129
ASM-SS: the first quasi-global high-spatial-resolution coastal storm surge dataset reconstructed from tide gauge records126
The Earth Topography 2022 (ETOPO 2022) global DEM dataset124
Using machine learning to construct TOMCAT model and occultation measurement-based stratospheric methane (TCOM-CH4) and nitrous oxide (TCOM-N2O) profile data sets122
IAPv4 ocean temperature and ocean heat content gridded dataset119
Mapping photovoltaic power plants in China using Landsat, random forest, and Google Earth Engine119
GSDM-WBT: global station-based daily maximum wet-bulb temperature data for 1981–2020112
Global biogeography of N 2 -fixing microbes: nifH  amplicon database and analytics workflow111
Machine-learning-based reconstruction of long-term global terrestrial water storage anomalies from observed, satellite and land-surface model data109
Global oceanic diazotroph database version 2 and elevated estimate of global oceanic N 2 fixation108
Reconstructing ocean subsurface salinity at high resolution using a machine learning approach106
Global anthropogenic emissions (CAMS-GLOB-ANT) for the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service simulations of air quality forecasts and reanalyses102
OLIGOTREND, a global database of multi-decadal chlorophyll a and water quality time series for rivers, lakes, and estuaries99
Measurement of the ice-nucleating particle concentration using a mobile filter-based sampler on-board of a fixed-wing uncrewed aerial vehicle during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 202295
Observations of the lower atmosphere from the 2021 WiscoDISCO campaign93
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht (IMAU) Antarctic automatic weather station data, including surface radiation balance (1995–2022)91
A lacustrine surface-sediment pollen dataset covering the Tibetan Plateau and its potential in past vegetation and climate reconstructions89
Tropospheric water vapor: a comprehensive high-resolution data collection for the transnational Upper Rhine Graben region88
Reanalyses of Maskelyne's tidal data at St. Helena in 176187
Surface current variability in the East Australian Current from long-term high-frequency radar observations86
Salinity and Stratification at the Sea Ice Edge (SASSIE): an oceanographic field campaign in the Beaufort Sea85
AIGD-PFT: the first AI-driven global daily gap-free 4 km phytoplankton functional type data product from 1998 to 202383
The SAIL dataset of marine atmospheric electric field observations over the Atlantic Ocean82
Derivation and compilation of lower-atmospheric properties relating to temperature, wind, stability, moisture, and surface radiation budget over the central Arctic sea ice during MOSAiC82
CAMELS-NZ: hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes for New Zealand82
GCL-Mascon2024: a novel satellite gravimetry mascon solution using the short-arc approach81
An Arctic sea ice concentration data record on a 6.25 km polar stereographic grid from 3 years of Landsat-8 imagery78
China's annual forest age dataset at a 30 m spatial resolution from 1986 to 202275
British Antarctic Survey's aerogeophysical data: releasing 25 years of airborne gravity, magnetic, and radar datasets over Antarctica75
A dataset of standard precipitation index reconstructed from multi-proxies over Asia for the past 300 years74
Location, biophysical and agronomic parameters for croplands in northern Ghana74
Spatiotemporal variability in pH and carbonate parameters on the Canadian Atlantic continental shelf between 2014 and 202273
An atlas of seabed biodiversity for Aotearoa New Zealand72
Hydro-PE: gridded datasets of historical and future Penman–Monteith potential evaporation for the United Kingdom72
In situ airborne measurements of atmospheric parameters and airborne sea surface properties related to offshore wind parks in the German Bight during the project X-Wakes72
A 10 m resolution land cover map of the Tibetan Plateau with detailed vegetation types71
Hourly precipitation fields at 1 km resolution over Belgium from 1940 to 2016 based on the analog technique70
A high-resolution (0.05°) global seamless continuity record (2002–2023) of near-surface soil freeze-thaw states via passive microwave and optical satellite data67
Interdecadal glacier inventories in the Karakoram since the 1990s66
The Landscape Fire Scars Database: mapping historical burned area and fire severity in Chile66
GeoDAR: georeferenced global dams and reservoirs dataset for bridging attributes and geolocations65
A new inventory of High Mountain Asia surging glaciers derived from multiple elevation datasets since the 1970s65
A merged continental planetary boundary layer height dataset based on high-resolution radiosonde measurements, ERA5 reanalysis, and GLDAS65
Constructing a 22-year internal wave dataset for the northern South China Sea: spatiotemporal analysis using MODIS imagery and deep learning63
The 2023 National Offshore Wind data set (NOW-23)62
The annual update GLODAPv2.2023: the global interior ocean biogeochemical data product61
PM 2.5 concentrations based on near-surface visibility in the Northern Hemisphere from 1959 to 202260
The HTAP_v3 emission mosaic: merging regional and global monthly emissions (2000–2018) to support air quality modelling and policies60
Insights into the spatial distribution of global, national, and subnational greenhouse gas emissions in the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR v8.0)60
OCTOPUS database (v.2)59
A comprehensive geospatial database of nearly 100 000 reservoirs in China59
Weight-to-weight conversion factors for benthic macrofauna: recent measurements from the Baltic and the North seas58
Global Carbon Budget 202257
A revisiting of early 18th-century environmental data to identify Gulf of Lion properties before the industrial era56
Spatially resolved hourly traffic emission over megacity Delhi using advanced traffic flow data56
Annual hydrographic variability in Antarctic coastal waters infused with glacial inflow55
Map of forest tree species for Poland based on Sentinel-2 data55
Enhancing long-term vegetation monitoring in Australia: a new approach for harmonising the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer normalised-difference vegetation index (NDVI) with MODIS NDVI54
Monitoring the ocean heat content change and the Earth energy imbalance from space altimetry and space gravimetry53
Quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from wood fuel use by households53
The Total Carbon Column Observing Network's GGG2020 data version53
Attenuated atmospheric backscatter profiles measured by the CO 2 Sounder lidar in the 2017 ASCENDS/ABoVE airborne campaign52
Global gridded NOx emissions using TROPOMI observations52
Multitemporal glacier inventory revealing four decades of glacier changes in the Ladakh region52
A daily sunshine duration (SD) dataset in China from Himawari AHI imagery (2016–2023)51
Multitemporal characterization of a proglacial system: a multidisciplinary approach51
VODCA2GPP – a new, global, long-term (1988–2020) gross primary production dataset from microwave remote sensing51
QUADICA: water QUAlity, DIscharge and Catchment Attributes for large-sample studies in Germany51
SDUST2020 MSS: a global 1′ × 1′ mean sea surface model determined from multi-satellite altimetry data50
Data rescue of historical wind observations in Sweden since the 1920s49
EARice10: a 10 m resolution annual rice distribution map of East Asia for 202349
A hyperspectral and multi-angular synthetic dataset for algorithm development in waters of varying trophic levels and optical complexity49
French coastal network for carbonate system monitoring: the CocoriCO 2 dataset48
The ABoVE L-band and P-band airborne synthetic aperture radar surveys48
Mapping global non-floodplain wetlands47
CO 2 and hydrography acquired by autonomous surface vehicles from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea: data correction and validation47
First SMOS Sea Surface Salinity dedicated products over the Baltic Sea46
AltiMaP: altimetry mapping procedure for hydrography data46
High-resolution map of sugarcane cultivation in Brazil using a phenology-based method45
A global database on holdover time of lightning-ignited wildfires45
A continual-learning-based multilayer perceptron for improved reconstruction of three-dimensional nitrate concentrations45
EUREC 4 A's Maria S. Merian ship-based cloud and micro rain radar observations of clouds and precipita45
Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) daily and monthly level-3 products of atmospheric trace gas columns44
A hydrogeomorphic dataset for characterizing catchment hydrological behavior across the Tibetan Plateau44
A submesoscale eddy identification dataset in the northwest Pacific Ocean derived from GOCI I chlorophyll  a data based on deep learning43
Capacity building enables unique near-fault observations of the destructive 2025 M w  7.7 Myanmar earthquake42
A 30 m annual maize phenology dataset from 1985 to 2020 in China41
Bio-optical properties of the cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena41
Global datasets of leaf photosynthetic capacity for ecological and earth system research41
Estimating local agricultural gross domestic product (AgGDP) across the world40
Global and national CO 2 uptake by cement carbonation from 1928 to 202439
GLC_FCS30D: the first global 30 m land-cover dynamics monitoring product with a fine classification system for the period from 1985 to 2022 generated using dense-time-series Landsat imagery and the co39
Global spatially-distributed sectoral GDP map for disaster risk analysis39
A database of deep convective systems derived from the intercalibrated meteorological geostationary satellite fleet and the TOOCAN algorithm (2012–2020)38
A 45-year hydrological and planktonic time series in the South Bight of the North Sea37
PaleoRiada: a new integrated spatial database of palaeofloods in Spain37
Greenland Geothermal Heat Flow Database and Map (Version 1)37
Global high-resolution drought indices for 1981–202237
CMEMS-LSCE: a global, 0.25°, monthly reconstruction of the surface ocean carbonate system36
A daily and 500 m coupled evapotranspiration and gross primary production product across China during 2000–202036
The ABCflux database: Arctic–boreal CO 2 flux observations and ancillary information aggregated to monthly time steps across terrestrial ecosystems36
Reprocessing of eXpendable BathyThermograph (XBT) profiles from the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas over the time period 1999–2019 with a full metadata upgrade35
Meteorological and hydrological data from the Alder Creek watershed, SW Ontario35
Lagoon hydrodynamics of pearl farming islands: the case of Gambier (French Polynesia)35
Countrywide digital surface models and vegetation height models from historical aerial images34
CALC-2020: a new baseline land cover map at 10 m resolution for the circumpolar Arctic34
Global source–receptor-relationship database for integrated tropospheric ozone observations from multiplatform datasets in western North America during 1994–202133
A global 5 km monthly potential evapotranspiration dataset (1982–2015) estimated by the Shuttleworth–Wallace model33
Harmonized in situ datasets for agricultural land use mapping and monitoring in tropical countries33
Editorial: Science, data and society32
A long-term high-resolution air quality reanalysis with a public-facing air quality dashboard over the Contiguous United States (CONUS)32
A coarse pixel-scale ground “truth” dataset based on global in situ site measurements to support validation and bias correction of satellite surface albedo products32
The complete 3-year dataset of 4STAR sky-scans from ORACLES 2016–201832
A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean colour satellite applications – version three32
SDUST2023BCO: a global seafloor model determined from a multi-layer perceptron neural network using multi-source differential marine geodetic data32
A high-resolution Antarctic grounding zone product from ICESat-2 laser altimetry31
Radar and ground-level measurements of clouds and precipitation collected during the POPE 2020 campaign at Princess Elisabeth Antarctica31
Ten years of 1 Hz solar irradiance observations at Cabauw, the Netherlands, with cloud observations, variability classifications, and statistics31
Application of a new net primary production methodology: a daily to annual-scale data set for the North Sea, derived from autonomous underwater gliders and satellite Earth observation31
Ice core chemistry database: an Antarctic compilation of sodium and sulfate records spanning the past 2000 years30
Bivalve monitoring over French coasts: multi-decadal records of carbon and nitrogen elemental and isotopic ratios as ecological indicators of global change30
Satellite-based analysis of ocean-surface stress across the ice-free and ice-covered polar oceans30
Enhanced dataset of global marine isoprene emissions from biogenic and photochemical processes for the period 2001–202030
Tracer-based Rapid Anthropogenic Carbon Estimation (TRACE)30
High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice cores30
What is climate change doing in the Himalaya? Thirty years of the Pyramid Meteorological Network (Nepal)30
Last interglacial sea-level proxies in the glaciated Northern Hemisphere29
The Modern Ocean Sediment Archive and Inventory of Carbon (MOSAIC): version 2.029
Processing methodology for the ITS_LIVE Sentinel-1 ice velocity products29
MOPREDAScentury: a long-term monthly precipitation grid for the Spanish mainland29
A new operational Mediterranean diurnal optimally interpolated sea surface temperature product within the Copernicus Marine Service29
National-scale sub-meter mapping of Spartina alterniflora in mainland China 202029
World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) Global Lightning Climatology (WGLC) and time series, 2022 update29
A high-resolution temperature–salinity dataset observed by autonomous underwater vehicles for the evolution of mesoscale eddies and associated submesoscale processes in the South China Sea29
The Italian Archive of Historical Earthquake Data, ASMI29
Temporal and spatial mapping of theoretical biomass potential across the European Union29
An updated synthesis of ocean total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon measurements from 1993 to 2023: the SNAPO-CO 2 -v2 dataset29
Climate change risks illustrated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) “burning embers”28
Downscaled hyper-resolution (400 m) gridded datasets of daily precipitation and temperature (2008–2019) for the East–Taylor subbasin (western United States)28
The CISE-LOCEAN seawater isotopic database (1998–2021)28
A national extent map of cropland and grassland for Switzerland based on Sentinel-2 data28
High-resolution inventory and classification of retrogressive thaw slumps in West Siberia28
Retrieving ground-level PM 2.5 concentrations in China (2013–2021) with a numerical-model-informed testbed to mitigate sample-imbalance-induced biase28
A global seamless 1 km resolution daily land surface temperature dataset (2003–2020)28
Three years of soil moisture observations by a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensing cluster at an agricultural research site in north-east Germany28
Ocean cross-validated observations from R/Vs L'Atalante , Maria S. Merian , and Met28
A high-resolution synthesis dataset for multistressor analyses along the US West Coast27
A global daily gap-filled chlorophyll- a dataset in open oceans during 2001–2021 from multisource information using convolutional neural networks27
Gridded rainfall erosivity (2014–2022) in mainland China using 1 min precipitation data from densely distributed weather stations27
Historical and future weather data for dynamic building simulations in Belgium using the regional climate model MAR: typical and extreme meteorological year and heatwaves27
The Dutch real-time gauge-adjusted radar precipitation product27
A Sentinel-2 machine learning dataset for tree species classification in Germany27
EUPollMap: the European atlas of contemporary pollen distribution maps derived from an integrated Kriging interpolation approach27
Monsoon Asia Rice Calendar (MARC): a gridded rice calendar in monsoon Asia based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images27
High-resolution inventory of atmospheric emissions from transport, industrial, energy, mining and residential activities in Chile26
Full-coverage 1 km daily ambient PM 2.5 and O 3 concentrations of China in 2005–2017 based on a mu26
Microwave radiometry experiment for snow in Altay, China: time series of in situ data for electromagnetic and physical features of snowpack26
Fire weather index data under historical and shared socioeconomic pathway projections in the 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project from 1850 to 210026
An integrated dataset of ground hydrothermal regimes and soil nutrients monitored in some previously burned areas in hemiboreal forests in Northeast China during 2016–202226
Global dataset on seagrass meadow structure, biomass and production26
Antarctic Ice Sheet grounding line discharge from 1996–202425
Four-century history of land transformation by humans in the United States (1630–2020): annual and 1 km grid data for the HIStory of LAND changes (HISLAND-US)25
A global gridded dataset for cloud vertical structure from combined CloudSat and CALIPSO observations25
In situ-measured benthic fluxes of dissolved inorganic phosphorus in the Baltic Sea25
A vegetation phenology dataset developed by integrating multiple sources using the reliability ensemble averaging method25
Global Carbon Budget 202325
Biologically effective daily radiant exposure for erythema appearance, previtamin D 3 synthesis, and clearing of psoriatic lesions derived from eryth24
12 years of continuous atmospheric O 2 , CO 2 and APO data from Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory 24
OceanSODA-UNEXE: a multi-year gridded Amazon and Congo River outflow surface ocean carbonate system dataset24
High-resolution bathymetry models for the Lena Delta and Kolyma Gulf coastal zones24
EEAR-Clim: a high-density observational dataset of daily precipitation and air temperature for the Extended European Alpine Region24
Meteorological, snow and soil data, CO 2 , water and energy fluxes from a low-Arctic valley of Northern Quebec24
Compilation of a database of Holocene nearshore marine mollusk shell geochemistry from the California Current System24
High-resolution physicochemical dataset of atmospheric aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings24
Estimation of long-term gridded cloud radiative kernel and radiative effects based on cloud fraction24
Mapping global leaf inclination angle (LIA) based on field measurement data24
The Reading Palaeofire Database: an expanded global resource to document changes in fire regimes from sedimentary charcoal records24
Hourly historical and near-future weather and climate variables for energy system modelling24
A new multi-grid bathymetric dataset of the Gulf of Naples (Italy) from complementary multi-beam echo sounders23
GISD30: global 30 m impervious-surface dynamic dataset from 1985 to 2020 using time-series Landsat imagery on the Google Earth Engine platform23
Evaluating the transport of surface seawater from 1956 to 2021 using 137 Cs deposited in the global ocean as a chemical tracer23
Measurement of the ice-nucleating particle concentration with the Portable Ice Nucleation Experiment during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 202223
Advancing geodynamic research in Antarctica: reprocessing GNSS data to infer consistent coordinate time series (GIANT-REGAIN)23
Polar maps of C-band backscatter parameters from the Advanced Scatterometer23
MDAS: a new multimodal benchmark dataset for remote sensing23
UGS-1m: fine-grained urban green space mapping of 31 major cities in China based on the deep learning framework23
The polar mesospheric cloud dataset of the Balloon Lidar Experiment (BOLIDE)22
A new global dataset of mountain glacier centerlines and lengths22
A global long-term (1981–2019) daily land surface radiation budget product from AVHRR satellite data using a residual convolutional neural network22
Full-coverage 250 m monthly aerosol optical depth dataset (2000–2019) amended with environmental covariates by an ensemble machine learning model over arid and semi-arid areas, NW China22
State of Wildfires 2024–202522
Multispecies and high-spatiotemporal-resolution database of vehicular emissions in Brazil22
Soil moisture observation in a forested headwater catchment: combining a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensor network with roving and hydrogravimetry at the TERENO site Wüstebach22
Crop-specific management history of phosphorus fertilizer input (CMH-P) in the croplands of the United States: reconciliation of top-down and bottom-up data sources22
Pan-Arctic soil element bioavailability estimations22
Updates to C-LSAT 2.1 and the development of high-resolution land surface air temperature and diurnal temperature range datasets22
A global marine particle size distribution dataset obtained with the Underwater Vision Profiler 522
River network and hydro-geomorphological parameters at 1∕12° resolution for global hydrological and climate studies22
Modern air, englacial and permafrost temperatures at high altitude on Mt Ortles (3905 m a.s.l.), in the eastern European Alps22
The ULR-repro3 GPS data reanalysis and its estimates of vertical land motion at tide gauges for sea level science22
Permafrost–wildfire interactions: active layer thickness estimates for paired burned and unburned sites in northern high latitudes21
A new global oceanic multi-model net primary productivity data product21
Global Emissions Inventory from Open Biomass Burning (GEIOBB): utilizing Fengyun-3D global fire spot monitoring data21
The Western Channel Observatory: a century of physical, chemical and biological data compiled from pelagic and benthic habitats in the western English Channel21
Near-real-time atmospheric and oceanic science products of Himawari-8 and Himawari-9 geostationary satellites over the South China Sea21
Predictive mapping of organic carbon stocks in surficial sediments of the Canadian continental margin21
cigChannel: a large-scale 3D seismic dataset with labeled paleochannels for advancing deep learning in seismic interpretation21
An observational network of ground surface temperature under different land-cover types on the northeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau21
GloCAB: global cropland burned area from mid-2002 to 202021
Permafrost, active layer, and meteorological data (2010–2020) at the Mahan Mountain relict permafrost site of northeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau21
Europe's adaptation to the energy crisis: reshaped gas supply–transmission–consumption structures and driving factors from 2022 to 202421
ISASO2: recent trends and regional patterns of ocean dissolved oxygen change21
Ground- and ship-based microwave radiometer measurements during EUREC 4 A21
EMO-5: a high-resolution multi-variable gridded meteorological dataset for Europe21
Underwater light environment in Arctic fjords21
A 1 km soil moisture dataset over eastern CONUS generated by assimilating SMAP data into the Noah-MP land surface model21
High-resolution observations of the ocean upper layer south of Cape St. Vincent, the western northern margin of the Gulf of Cádiz21
Mapping the world's inland surface waters: an upgrade to the Global Lakes and Wetlands Database (GLWD v2)20
HOLSEA-NL: a Holocene water level and sea level indicator dataset for the Netherlands20
A repository of measured soil freezing characteristic curves: 1921 to 202120
Water vapor Raman lidar observations from multiple sites in the framework of WaLiNeAs20
An updated version of the global interior ocean biogeochemical data product, GLODAPv2.202120
A global monthly 3D field of seawater pH over 3 decades: a machine learning approach20
SISALv3: a global speleothem stable isotope and trace element database20
Improved global sea surface height and current maps from remote sensing and in situ observations19
A global surface CO 2 flux dataset (2015–2022) inferred from OCO-2 retrievals using the GONGGA inversion system19
Global 1 km land surface parameters for kilometer-scale Earth system modeling19
A revised and expanded deep radiostratigraphy of the Greenland Ice Sheet from airborne radar sounding surveys between 1993 and 201919
A multi-dimensional dataset of Ordovician to Silurian graptolite specimens for virtual examination, global correlation, and shale gas exploration19
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