Anatomical Record-Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Bio

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The anatomical basis of amphibious hearing in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)	48
Melon and rostral muscle morphology of Gervais' beaked whale (Mesoplodon europaeus): Alternating patterns of bilateral asymmetry	37
Embryonic development of the pelvic girdle and hindlimb skeletal elements in Anilius scytale (Linnaeus, 1758) (Serpentes: Aniliidae)	34
Cochlear apical morphology in toothed whales: Using the pairing hair cell—Deiters' cell as a marker to detect lesions	33
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The morphology and histology of the pectoral girdle of Hamipterus (Pterosauria), from the Early Cretaceous of Northwest China	24
A review of Chifengiinae (Insecta: Orthoptera: Prophalangopsidae) with description of new Jurassic material from the northwestern Junggar Basin, China	23
A rare case of partial skull and brain duplication in a hatchling Alligator mississippiensis	22
Early life functional transitions impact craniofacial morphology in osteogenesis imperfecta	21
Quantifying shell patterning helps identify species of Trionychidae	20
Lipid droplets, the Holy Grail of hepatic stellate cells: In health and hepatic fibrosis	20
Vertebral morphology and intracolumnar variation of the iconic African viperid snake Atheris (Serpentes, Viperidae)	20
The vascular footprint in cardiac homeostasis and hypertensive heart disease—A link between apelin receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase	20
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But how does it smell? An investigation of olfactory bulb size among living and fossil primates and other euarchontoglirans	18
The pulmonary neuroepithelial body microenvironment represents an underestimated multimodal component in airway sensory pathways	18
A potentially fatal cranial pathology in a specimen of Tarchia	18
Mechanisms of impaired alveolar fluid clearance	18
Redescription and phylogenetic affinities of the Early Cretaceous enantiornithine Dapingfangornis sentisorhinus	17
Coronary anatomy in neotropical carnivores: A comparative analysis	17
Turtles creep through the pages of The Anatomical Record	17
A large non‐marine turtle from the Upper Cretaceous of Alabama and a review of North American “Macrobaenids”	15
Evolutionary treasures hidden in the West Indies: Comparative osteology and visceral morphology reveals intricate miniaturization in the insular generaMitophisHedges, Adalsteinsson, & Branc	15
A bothremydid turtle (Pleurodira) from the middle Cenomanian of Vale de Figueira (Belas, Portugal)	15

A review of the function and evolution of the cecal appendix	15
Cranial and postcranial anatomy of a juvenile baurusuchid (Notosuchia, Crocodylomorpha) and the taxonomical implications of ontogeny	15
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Withdrawn: A data‐mining based analysis of traditional Chinese medicine in diagnosing and treating COVID‐19	14
Expanding understanding of the autonomic nervous system with a dash of Flemish charm, Belgian beer, and unrelenting camaraderie: The Anatomical Record raises a glass to J‐P Timmerman	14
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Retraction	14
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Retraction Notice: A New Aquatic Beetle (Adephaga: Coptoclavidae) from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota	13
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Synapsids and sensitivity: Broad survey of tetrapod trigeminal canal morphology supports an evolutionary trend of increasing facial tactile specialization in the mammal lineage	13
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Comparative anatomy and ontogeny of appendicular skeleton of Pseudopus apodus (Pallas, 1775) (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) and a pattern of hindlimb loss in Anguinae	12
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Cardiac regeneration in goldfish (Carassius auratus) associated with increased expression of key extracellular matrix molecules	11
Feedback‐Error Learning for time‐effective gait trajectory tracking in wearable exoskeletons	11
Noninvasively ventilated and easily operated mouse model of myocardial infarction	11
Moxibustion improved the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation donor to dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis in mice	11
The tympanic region of the skull in extant pinnipeds: A pilot study of auditory morphological disparity using linear morphometric principal component analysis	11
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Effect of elbow angle and weight‐bearing on the evaluation of joint congruence in dogs	11
Microvascular anatomy of the non‐lobulated liver of adult Xenopus laevis: A scanning electron microscopic study of vascular casts	11
Mammalian facial muscles contain muscle spindles	11
Paratympanic sinuses in juvenile Alligator	11
Morphology and morphometry of pharyngeal bone and teeth in cyprinid species from the Kurdistan Region, Iraq	11
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Diversity of vibrissal follicle anatomy in cetaceans	10
Visual acuity of the summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) captures spatial information relevant to dynamic camouflage at close range	10
The first complete cranium of Homotherium (Machairodontinae, Felidae) from the Nihewan Basin (northern China)	10
The redescription of Malerisaurus robinsonae (Archosauromorpha: Allokotosauria) from the Upper Triassic lower Maleri Formation, Pranhita‐Godavari Basin, India	10
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Heart morphology during the embryonic development ofPodocnemis unifilisTrosquel 1948 (Testudines: Podocnemididae)	10
Hypercanines: Not just for sabertooths	10
A rare case of caudal bifurcation in a miniaturized gecko from Puerto Rico	10
Make time: Introductory remarks by the Editor‐in‐Chief	10
Deconstructing the Gestalt: New concepts and tests of homology, as exemplified by a re‐conceptualization of “microstomy” in squamates	10
Anuran heart development and critical developmental periods: A comparative analysis of three neotropical anuran species	10
Electron microscopic analysis in the gecko Lygodactylus reveals variations in micro‐ornamentation and sensory organs distribution in the epidermis that indicate regional functions	10
Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children with traditional Chinese medicine	10

rno‐miR‐90 promotes chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting SPARC‐related modular calcium binding 2	9
Comparing age‐ and bone‐related differences in collagen fiber orientation: A case study of bats and laboratory mice using quantitative polarized light microscopy	9
Ligamentum arteriosum: Muscular and contractile	9
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Clavicle length and shoulder breadth in hominoid evolution	9
Morphological and morphometric study of the superior vestibular nerve trunk in guinea pigs	9
Innervation and osteoclast distribution in the inferior pharyngeal jaw of the cichlid Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)	9
Pelvic fin musculature in skates: Morphological variation, phylogeny, and locomotor implications (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea: Rajiformes)	9
Comparative analysis of male reproductive accessory glands in bats Histiotus velatus (Vespertilionidae), Molossus rufus (Molossidae), and Peropteryx leucopt	9
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An unusual theropod specimen from the late Maastrichtian of New Jersey	9
Preliminary description of a lateMiddle Pleistocenemammalian fauna prior to the extinction ofGigantopithecus blackifrom theYixiantian Cave, Guangxi ZAR, South China	9
Taxonomic revision of Chinemys pani (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from the Pleistocene of Taiwan and its implications of conservation paleobiology	9
The elongated neck of sauropodomorph dinosaurs evolved gradually	8
Jaw mechanics in macrophagous lamniform sharks and their evolutionary and functional implications	8
Mechanical properties of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) and northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) lower jaws explain trophic plasticity	8
Synchrotron X‐ray micro‐computed tomography enhances our knowledge of the skull anatomy of a Late Triassic ecteniniid cynodont with hypercanines	8
Craniogenetic studies in Sus scrofa: With emphasis on the ‘orbitosphenoid’ problem	8
The first full body diffusible iodine‐based contrast‐enhanced computed tomography dataset and teaching materials for a member of the Testudines	8
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Ancestry‐based variation in maxillary sinus anatomy: Implications for health disparities in sinonasal disease	8
Estrogen receptors and their roles in the immune and respiratory systems	8
Palaeohistology of Macrospondylus bollensis (Crocodylomorpha: Thalattosuchia: Teleosauroidea) from the Posidonienschiefer Formation (Toarcian) of Germany, with insights into life history and ec	8
Gross morphological and morphometric study of the upper respiratory system of the African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus, Waterhouse 1840)	8
Mode of uterine milk secretion in the white shark	8
Nuclear parcellation of pontine catecholaminergic and cholinergic neurons in gray parrots and pied crow brains	8
Ube2N is present and functions within listeria Actin‐rich structures and lamellipodia: A localization and pharmacological inhibition study	8
Comparative digital reconstruction of Pica pica and Struthio camelus and their cranial suture ontogenies	8
Skinned St. Bartholomew before (1541) and after (1556, 1562) Fabrica (1543)	8
Distribution of cholinergic neurons in the brains of a lar gibbon and a chimpanzee	8
The anatomy of antisemitism and antisemitism in anatomy: A personal reflection	8
Sexual size and shape dimorphism in Turkish common toads (Bufo bufoLinnaeus 1758)	8
Pseudopus pannonicus (Squamata), the largest known anguid lizard—Redescription of the type material and new specimens from the Neogene and Quaternary of Hungary and Poland	8
Pancreatic inflammation induced by hypothyroidism in female rabbits is associated with cholesterol accumulation and a reduced expression of CYP51A1, FXRβ, and PPARβ/δ	8
Trabecular bone morphology in big cats reflects the complex diversity of limb use but not home range size or daily travel distance	8
Paleoneurology and neuroanatomical notes on the South American “rauisuchian” Saurosuchus galilei from the Ischigualasto formation, San Juan, Argentina	7
First CT‐assisted study of the palate and postcrania of Diarthrognathus broomi (Cynodontia, Probainognathia)	7
How Triceratops got its face: An update on the functional evolution of the ceratopsian head	7
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Skull osteology of the holotype of the rhynchosaur Hyperodapedon sanjuanensis (Sill, 1970) from the Upper Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of Argentina	7
Macroscopic differences in adult human femora are linked to body mass index	7
Hair, there and everywhere: A comparison of bat wing sensory hair distribution	7
Incubation time, embryonic development and the vomeronasal organ of the Laysan albatross (Phoebastria immutabilis)	7
Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of gonadal development in the veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus)	7
Human interparietal bones: Examination of existing classification schemes and development of a graphic library depicting variations	7
Placing juvenile specimens in phylogenies: An ontogenetically sensitive phylogenetic assessment of a new genus of iguanodontian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Kirkwood Formation, South Africa	7
Taste receptors in aquatic mammals: Potential role of solitary chemosensory cells in immune responses	7
Introduction of human anatomy before modern China: The preface of anatomical education in mainland China	7
Dynamic evaluation of swallowing in pediatric patients with dysphagia: The Brazilian perspective	7
Growing sabers: Mandibular shape and biomechanical performance trajectories during the ontogeny of Smilodon fatalis	7
Tarsals from the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site (Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)	7
Upper arm posture during human embryonic and fetal development	7
Comments on the pelvic girdle anatomy of Lagerpeton chanarensis Romer, 1971 (Archosauria) and its implications on the posture and gait of early pterosauromorphs	7
Temporal fenestration in a Procolophon trigoniceps specimen (Procolophonoidea) from the Lower Triassic of Brazil	7
Bending performance changes during prolonged canine eruption in saber‐toothed carnivores: A case study of Smilodon fatalis	7
A landmarking protocol for geometric morphometric analysis of squamate endocasts	7
The Sima de los Huesos cervical spine	7
New specimens provide insights into the anatomy of the dinosauriform Lewisuchus admixtus Romer, 1972 from the upper Triassic levels of the Chañares Formation, NW Argentina	7
Comparative cranial biomechanics reveal that Late Cretaceous tyrannosaurids exerted relatively greater bite force than in early‐diverging tyrannosauroids	7
The nasal region of the ~417 ka Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain) Hominin: New terminology and implications for later human evolution	7
Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in red‐necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus, Marsupialia: Macropodidae)	6
Angiogenic and anti‐angiogenic factors during the post‐hatching growth of the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) spleen	6
The role of cranial osteoderms on the mechanics of the skull in scincid lizards	6
Exposed weapons: A revised reconstruction of the facial anatomy and life appearance of the saber‐toothed cat Megantereon (Felidae, Machairodontinae)	6
Retinoid receptors are expressed in mouse and human lungs	6
Lip service: Histological phenotypes correlate with diet and feeding ecology in herbivorous pacus	6
Morphologies in‐between: The impact of the first steps on the human talus	6
Auricular cartilage configuration: A histological study using late‐stage human fetuses and adult cadavers	6
Acupuncture, from the ancient to the current	6
Incongruent ontogenetic maturity indicators in a Late Triassic archosaur (Aetosauria: Typothorax coccinarum)	6
Neurovascular description in the South American plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus (Chinchilloidea, Caviomorpha). A study involving evolutionarily related species of Caviomorpha and Mur	6
Main anatomical characteristics of the hominin fossil humeri from the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain: An update	6
Linking individual variation in facial musculature to facial behavior in rhesus macaques	6
Scanning electron microscopy and morphological analysis reveal differences in the otolith morphology of three species of the family Lethrinidae (Teleostei: Perciformes) from Yemen	6
Bone microstructure analyses in ontogenetic series of Mesosaurus tenuidens from the early Permian of Brazil	6
Correction to “Functional dopaminergic neurons derived from human chorionic mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate striatal atrophy and improve behavioral deficits in Parkinsonian rat	6
Anatomical correlates for the newly discovered meningeal layer in the existing literature: A systematic review	6
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Comparison of vertebrate skin structure at class level: A review	6
Comparing lateral plantar process trabecular structure to other regions of the human calcaneus	6

A pan‐chelydrid, Chelydropsis aubasi sp. nov., from the Middle Eocene (MP 15, early Bartonian) of Chéry‐Chartreuve, France	6
Re‐examination of the oldest known frog from South America: New data prompt new evolutionary interpretations	6
Comparative anatomy of the middle cerebral artery, rhinal and endorhinal sulci, piriform lobe, entorhinal cortex, olfactory tubercule, anterior perforate substance, and hippocampus: A dissection study	6
Correction to “The origin and evolution of Cynodontia (Synapsida, Therapsida): Reassessment of the phylogeny and systematics of the earliest members of this clade using 3D	6
Genetic influences on dentognathic morphology in the Jirel population of Nepal	6
Biomechanical performance of the cranio‐mandibular complex of the small notosuchian Araripesuchus gomesii (Notosuchia, Uruguaysuchidae)	6
Prediction of leg muscle activities from arm muscle activities in arm and leg cycling	6
Cranial osteology of a juvenile specimen ofAcratocnus ye(Mammalia, Xenarthra, Folivora) and its ontogenetic and phylogenetic implications	6
Cranial anatomy of Acynodon adriaticus and extreme durophagous adaptations in Eusuchia (Reptilia: Crocodylomorpha)	6
Aortic branches and rete mirabile of the limbs of two‐toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus)	6
Ultrastructure of the mesonephros of whitefishes from the Lake Baikal basin	6
Books, bones and bodies: The relevance of the history of anatomy in Nazi Germany for medical education today	6
Antler tine homologies and cervid systematics: A review of past and present controversies with special emphasis onElaphurus davidianus	6
Three‐dimensional geometric morphometric analyses of humerus ecomorphology: New perspectives for paleohabitat reconstruction in carnivorans and ungulates	6
Osteophytes on the zygapophyseal (facet) joints of the cervical spine (C3–C7): A skeletal study	6
The nature of coxofemoral joint pathology across family Canidae	6
Shell characterization of the youngest valid species of the European Eocene genus Neochelys (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae): The Spanish Bartonian Neochelys salmanticensis	6
Effects of freezing and short‐term fixation on muscle mass, volume, and density	6
The autonomic nervous system from a morphofunctional perspective: Historical overview and current concepts over the last two centuries highlighting contributions from Eastern Europe	5
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Comparative morphology of the avian bony columella	5
Probing the crevices of the mind of Peter Dodson	5
Iyuku raathi, a new iguanodontian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Kirkwood Formation, South Africa	5
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Baby breaths: Honoring Kurt Albertine and his contributions to respiratory research in young mammals and to The Anatomical Record	5
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Effect of prenatal diaphragmatic hernia on pulmonary arterial morphology	5
Reversed sexual dimorphism in the leg muscle architecture of the Eurasian sparrowhawk	5
Adaptations to sociality in the mimetic and auricular musculature of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus)	5
Craniofacial anomalies in schizophrenia‐relevant GFAP.HMOX10‐12m mice	5
Skeletal repatterning enhances the protective capacity of the shell in African hinge‐back tortoises (Kinixys)	5
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Atractylodes lancea volatile oils target ADAR2‐miR‐181a‐5p signaling to mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenic differentiation	5
Geometric morphometrics and anatomical network analyses reveal ecospace partitioning among geoemydid turtles from the Uinta Formation, Utah	5
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From beaks to brains—Challenges in translating woodpecker biology into traumatic brain injury innovation	5
Hair cell morphological patterns and polarity organization in the sea lamprey vestibular cristae	5
Correction to “Osteology of the late triassic bipedal archosaur Poposaurus gracilis (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from Western North America”	5
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Comparative analysis of osteoderms across the lizard body	5
High‐resolution 7‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and post‐processing for 3‐dimensional reconstruction of the membranous labyrinth in healthy adults	5
Bodies and bureaucracy: The demise of the body snatchers in 19th century Britain	5
Current and potential methods to assess kidney structure and morphology in term and preterm neonates	5
Commentary on AR Human fossils from the Sima de los Huesos. Forty years of discoveries and research SI: Of ancient and present lifestyles	5
Vascular microforamina and endocranial surface: Normal variation and distribution in adult humans	5
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Taphonomic skeletal disturbances in the Sima de los Huesos postcranial remains	5
Preliminary ontogeny of the giraffe neck	5
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A new genus of Praemordellinae from the Middle Jurassic of China	5
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New frontiers in imaging, anatomy, and mechanics of crocodylian jaw muscles	5
Septal deviation in the nose of the longest faced crocodylian: A description of nasal anatomy and airflow in the Indian gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) with comments on acoustics	5
The Neandertal nature of the Atapuerca Sima de los Huesos mandibles	5
Effect of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation on cognitive and motor functions in poststroke patients	5
Spatial relationships of oropharyngeal structures during respiration, chewing, and swallowing	5
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Osteology and reassessment of Dineobellator notohesperus, a southern eudromaeosaur (Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae: Eudromaeosauria) from the latest Cretaceous of New Mexico	5
Systemic versus local patterns of limb joint articular morphology inferred from relative distances from morphological centroid	5
Sternal human variability and population affinity: Frequency of discrete traits and their relationship with sex and age	5
Breathing rarified air: The Anatomical Record celebrates Kurt Albertine with a Special Issue exploring new findings on respiratory biology	5
Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the immune cell system and epithelial surfaces of the respiratory organs in the bimodally breathing African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus	5
The lion of The Anatomical Record: The indomitable John Ladman	5
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Review of respiratory anatomy adaptations in whales	5
Fusion of the occipitomastoidal synchondrosis as a developmental marker in the Sima de los Huesos Crania (Atapuerca, Spain)	5
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Curcumenol improves renal function in 5/6 nephrectomy‐induced chronic renal failure rats via the SIRT1/NF‐κB pathway	5
Reproductive maturity and sexual dimorphism of a population of Amerotyphlops brongersmianus from a Restinga area in southeastern Brazil (Serpentes: Typhlopidae)	5
Morphological diversity of saber‐tooth upper canines and its functional implications	5
Pseudosuchia: Masters of survival and diversification	4
Collagen quantification in the ventricular walls of the heart of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)	4
Topohistology of the cranial nerves IX–XII at the cranial base and upper parapharyngeal space: A histological study using human fetuses	4
MT1‐MMP and TIMP‐2 are first expressed in the colon glands after a single dose of azoxymethane (AOM)	4
Dental caries in living and extinct strepsirrhines with insights into diet	4
Underground Down Under: Skull anatomy of the southern blind snake Anilios australis Gray, 1845 (Typhlopidae: Serpentes: Squamata)	4
The evo‐devo origins of the nasopharynx	4
Survey anatomy and histological observation of the nasal cavity of Tupaia belangeri chinensis (Tupaiidae, Scandentia, Mammalia)	4
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Nothing “pseudo” about the Pseudosuchia—members of this extraordinary clade thunder again into the pages of The Anatomical Record	4
Oropharyngeal cavity floor morphology in Eretmochelys imbricata (Testudines: Cheloniidae) hatchlings and evolutionary implications	4
Electroacupuncture in promoting neural repair after spinal cord injury: Inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway and regulating downstream proteins expression	4
The consequences of calcium: investigating intracortical reproductive signals in the American alligator for sex determination	4
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Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus and the anatomy of the European pond turtle: Facts, fiction, and future	4
Evolutionary insights from an anatomical network analysis of the hyolaryngeal apparatus in extant archosaurs (birds and crocodilians)	4
Morphological specialization to nectarivory in Phyllostomus discolor (Wagner, 1843) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)	4
A new long‐necked archosauromorph from the Guanling Formation (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of southwestern China and its implications for neck evolution in tanystropheids	4
Microscopic anatomy of the upper aerodigestive tract in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina): Functional adaptations to swallowing	4
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Osteological characteristics of the Setouchi salamander Hynobius setouchi (Urodela, Hynobiidae)	4
Sinestre, deviance, or biology? An investigation of hand dominance in relation to tendon absence	4