IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies

Article	Citations
Cover 2	159
AestheNet: Revolutionizing Aesthetic Perception Diagnosis in Education With Hybrid Deep Nets	66
The Impact of Embedding Interactive Tasks in Augmented Reality Storybooks on Children's Reading Engagement and Reading Comprehension	66
Academic Performance Prediction Using Machine Learning Approaches: A Survey	56
Investigating Culture and Resource-Sensitive Technology-Enabled Learning	53
A Collaborative Virtual Reality Flight Simulator: Efficacy, Challenges, and Potential	48
Cover 2	46
A Systematic Literature Review of Game-Based Assessment Studies: Trends and Challenges	45
Metaverse for Education: Technical Framework and Design Criteria	44
On Using Conversational Frameworks to Support Natural Language Interaction in Intelligent Tutoring Systems	43
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies Publication Information	41
Decoding Contextual Factors Differentiating Adolescents’ High, Average, and Low Digital Reading Performance Through Machine-Learning Methods	41
Cover 2	39
Are you interested in Immersive Learning?	32
Cover 2	31
Table of Contents	30
Front Cover	29
ChatGPT for Educational Purposes: Investigating the Impact of Knowledge Management Factors on Student Satisfaction and Continuous Usage	27
Polarity in the Classroom: A Case Study Leveraging Peer Sentiment Toward Scalable Assessment	26
Design of an Intelligent Agent to Measure Collaboration and Verbal-Communication Skills of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Collaborative Puzzle Games	26
Scaling and Adopting a Multimodal Learning Analytics Application in an Institution-Wide Setting	26
Homogeneous Group Formation in Collaborative Learning Scenarios: An Approach Based on Personality Traits and Genetic Algorithms	25
The Descriptive Features and Quantitative Aspects of Students’ Observed Online Learning: How Are They Related to Self-Reported Perceptions and Learning Outcomes?	25
Early Prediction of Students at Risk of Failing a Face-to-Face Course in Power Electronic Systems	25
Toward Automatic Interpretation of Narrative Feedback in Competency-Based Portfolios	25

Extracting the Relationships Among Students Based on Accessing Pattern of Digital Learning Attributes	24
Cosmic Sounds: A Game to Support Phonological Awareness Skills for Children With Dyslexia	24
Using Augmented Reality to Improve Learning Efficacy in a Mechanical Assembly Course	23
Leveraging Class Balancing Techniques to Alleviate Algorithmic Bias for Predictive Tasks in Education	23
Can Students With Dyslexia Learn Independently? A Seven-Week Study of Chinese Character Learning in an Informal Learning Environment	22
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Accommodations Given to Students With Learning Impairments: Ordinal and Interpretable Machine-Learning-Based Methodology	22
Serious Game Design in Health Education: A Systematic Review	22
Early Prediction of Students’ Final Grades in a Gamified Course	21
iSnap: Evolution and Evaluation of a Data-Driven Hint System for Block-Based Programming	21
Educational Effects on the Transparency of Peer Participation Levels in Asynchronous Online Discussion Activities	21
Students' Online Laboratory Work Assessment Based on Learning Task Lists and Behavior Data	20
Collaborative Programming for Work-Relevant Learning: Comparing Programming Practice With Example-Based Reflection for Student Learning and Transfer Task Performance	19
Learning to Reuse Distractors to Support Multiple-Choice Question Generation in Education	19
Automatic Learning Path Creation Using OER: A Systematic Literature Mapping	19
Learning an Alternative Car-Following Technique to Avoid Congestion With an Instructional Driving Simulator	19
Block-Based Object-Oriented Programming	19
Assessing the Quality of Student-Generated Content at Scale: A Comparative Analysis of Peer-Review Models	18
Investigating the Use of Deep Learning and Implicit Feedback in K12 Educational Recommender Systems	17
Capturing Movement: A Tablet App, Geometry Touch, for Recording Onscreen Finger-Based Gesture Data	17
Smart Geometry Learning in Authentic Contexts with Personalization, Contextualization, and Socialization	17
How Learning Analytics Can Help Orchestration of Formative Assessment? Data-Driven Recommendations for Technology- Enhanced Learning	17
Pedagogical Interventions in SPOCs: Learning Behavior Dashboards and Knowledge Tracing Support Exercise Recommendation	17
A Clustering-Based Computational Model to Group Students With Similar Programming Skills From Automatic Source Code Analysis Using Novel Features	17
Modeling of Learning Processes Using Continuous-Time Markov Chain for Virtual-Reality-Based Surgical Training in Laparoscopic Surgery	17
Second Language Learning Through an Emergent Narrative in a Narrative-Rich Customizable Metaverse Platform	17
Sequential Behavior Analysis of Interdisciplinary Activities in Computational Thinking and EFL Learning With Game-Based Learning	16
Exploring the Use of Multiagent Systems in Educational Robotics Activities	16
Exploring the Effectiveness of a SPOC Learning Analytics System Based on Attribution Theory: Evaluation Framework and Educational Experiment	16
T-VLC: A Trust Model for Virtual Learning Communities	16
Student Action Recognition for Improving Teacher Feedback During Tele-Education	16
Adopting Coding in Early Childhood Education: Teachers’ Perspectives	16
The Game Effect: Comparison of Game and Nongame Learning Environments Using the Example of “Arctic Economy”	16
Hybrid Models for Knowledge Tracing: A Systematic Literature Review	15
Assessing the Impact of Engagement and Real-Time Feedback in a Mobile Behavior Change Intervention for Supporting Critical Thinking in Engineering Research Projects	15
3D-Printing Virtual Simulation Lab	15
Development of Design Principles for AR Authoring Tools for Education Based on Teacher's Perspectives	15
The Three-Stage Hierarchical Logistic Model Controlling Personalized Playback of Audio Information for Intelligent Tutoring Systems	14
New Scenarios and Trends in Nontraditional Laboratories From 2000 to 2020	14
How Well Can Tutoring Audio Be Autoclassified and Machine Explained With XAI: A Comparison of Three Types of Methods	14
Attention Level Evaluation in Children With Autism: Leveraging Head Pose and Gaze Parameters From Videos for Educational Intervention	13
The Impact of Artificial General Intelligence-Assisted Project-Based Learning on Students’ Higher Order Thinking and Self-Efficacy	13
Comparing the Effects of Instructor Manual Feedback and ChatGPT Intelligent Feedback on Collaborative Programming in China's Higher Education	13
A Diffusion-Based Cognitive Diagnosis Framework for Robust Learner Assessment	13
A Tutorial-Generating Method for Autonomous Online Learning	13
Exploring ChatGPT's Ability to Classify the Structure of Literature Reviews in Engineering Research Articles	13
Impact of Gamified Learning Experience on Online Learning Effectiveness	13
Enhancing Medical Training Through Learning From Mistakes by Interacting With an Ill-Trained Reinforcement Learning Agent	12
Embedding Test Questions in Educational Mobile Virtual Reality: A Study on Hospital Hygiene Procedures	12
Storytelling With Learner Data: Guiding Student Reflection on Multimodal Team Data	12
Goal Ontology for Personalized Learning and Its Implementation in Child's Health Self-Management Support	12

Balancing Performance and Explainability in Academic Dropout Prediction	12
Collaborative Game-Based Environment and Assessment Tool for Learning Computational Thinking in Primary School: A Case Study	12
Collaborative Virtual Reality in Higher Education: Students' Perceptions on Presence, Challenges, Affordances, and Potential	12
Using ChatGPT for Science Learning: A Study on Pre-service Teachers' Lesson Planning	11
Adaptive Immediate Feedback for Block-Based Programming: Design and Evaluation	11
Mining Sequential Learning Trajectories With Hidden Markov Models For Early Prediction of At-Risk Students in E-Learning Environments	11
An Intelligent Tutoring System to Support Code Maintainability Skill Development	11
Measuring the Effectiveness of Learning Economic Principles in a Sustainable Entrepreneurship Game-Based Setting: A Bootstrapping Approach	11
Tools Designed to Support Self-Regulated Learning in Online Learning Environments: A Systematic Review	11
A Gamified Platform to Support Educational Activities About Fake News in Social Media	11
Table of Contents	11
Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality Content Using 360-Degree Videos in Undergraduate Education	11
Literature Review on Co-Located Collaboration Modeling Using Multimodal Learning Analytics—Can We Go the Whole Nine Yards?	11
Educational Process Mining for Discovering Students' Problem-Solving Ability in Computer Programming Education	11
Front Cover	11
AI-Based Diagnostic Assessment System: Integrated With Knowledge Map in MOOCs	10
A Web-Based Educational System for Teaching Compilers	10
The Impact of Integrating an Intelligent Personal Assistant (IPA) on Secondary School Physics Students’ Scientific Inquiry Skills	10
Design and Evaluation of a Set of Methodological Strategies for Learning a Second Language in Students With Down Syndrome Using Computer-Based Instruction	10
A Tool to Support Students-to-Teacher Feedback in Asynchronous Online Contexts	10
Personalization in Graphically Rich E-Learning Environments for K-6 Mathematics	10
Past, Present, and Future of TLT's Journey in Publishing	10
Immersive Learning Frameworks: A Systematic Literature Review	10
Exploring Intergenerational Interactions Through an Online Storytelling Experience	10
Characteristic Behaviors of Elementary Students in a Low Attention State During Online Learning Identified Using Electroencephalography	10
A General Purpose Anomaly-Based Method for Detecting Cheaters in Online Courses	10
Robobo SmartCity: An Autonomous Driving Model for Computational Intelligence Learning Through Educational Robotics	10
Ardosia: Simulating Circuits and Robotic Systems in a Single Learning Platform	10
Engaging Online Learners in Blended Synchronous Learning: A Systematic Literature Review	9
A Competition-Oriented Student Team Building Method	9
A Virtual Reality Training System for Automotive Engines Assembly and Disassembly	9
Exploring Manifestations of Learners’ Self-Regulated Tactics and Strategies Across Blended Learning Courses	9
Serious Video Games for Agricultural Learning: Scoping Review	9
Video-Based Learning Recommender Systems: A Systematic Literature Review	9
Automatically Difficulty Grading Method for English Reading Corpus With Multifeature Embedding Based on a Pretrained Language Model	9
Effects of Using Immersive Virtual Reality for Science Education on Learning Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study	9
Intelligent Retrieval and Comprehension of Entrepreneurship Education Resources Based on Semantic Summarization of Knowledge Graphs	9
Development of an Intelligent Tutoring System That Assesses Internal Visualization Skills in Engineering Using Multimodal Triangulation	9
HSVRS: A Virtual Reality System of the Hide-and-Seek Game to Enhance Gaze Fixation Ability for Autistic Children	9
Can Underprivileged Children Learn Effectively at Home? A Six-Month Study of Game-Based Traditional Chinese Learning During the Pandemic Lockdown	9
Multisource Soft Labeling and Hard Negative Sampling for Retrieval Distractor Ranking	9
Learning Style Identification Using Semisupervised Self-Taught Labeling	9
Experimenting With Soft Robotics in Education: A Systematic Literature Review From 2006 to 2022	9
Embedding Educational Narrative Scripts in a Social Media Environment	9
Forecasting Gender in Open Education Competencies: A Machine Learning Approach	9
An Approach to Group Formation in Collaborative Learning Using Learning Paths in Learning Management Systems	8
IEEE Education Society Information	8
Table of Contents	8
Corrections to “A Tutorial-Generating Method for Autonomous Online Learning”	8
Data-Driven Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Comprehensive Review	8
Front Cover	8
Measuring Cognitive Load in Virtual Reality Training via Pupillometry	8
Front Cover	8
Reimagining STEM Learning: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Service Learning Approaches for Social Entrepreneurship	8
IEEE EDUCATION SOCIETY	8
Cover 2	8
Predicting Students’ Difficulties From a Piece of Code	8
Exploring EFL Learners’ Integration and Perceptions of ChatGPT's Text Revisions: A Three-Stage Writing Task Study	8
Front Cover	8
MOCA: A Motivational Online Conversational Agent for Improving Student Engagement in Collaborative Learning	7
A Literature Review of Physiological-Based Mobile Educational Systems	7
Fostering Balanced Contributions Among Children Through Dialogue Visualization	7
Are You Still There? An Exploratory Case Study on Estimating Students’ LMS Online Time by Combining Log Files and Screen Recordings	7
An Infrastructure to Deliver Synchronous Remote Programming Labs	7
Engaging Students in Distance Learning of Science With Remote Labs 2.0	7
Development of a Computer-Aided Education System Inspired by Face-to-Face Learning by Incorporating EEG-Based Neurofeedback Into Online Video Lectures	7
Architecting Analytics Across Multiple E-Learning Systems to Enhance Learning Design	7
A Petri-Net-Based Approach for Enhancing Clinical Reasoning in Medical Education	7
Toward Human–AI Collaboration: A Recommender System to Support CS1 Instructors to Select Problems for Assignments and Exams	7
Metaverse in Education: Contributors, Cooperations, and Research Themes	6
Using Process Mining to Analyze Time Distribution of Self-Assessment and Formative Assessment Exercises on an Online Learning Tool	6
Xiao-Shih: A Self-Enriched Question Answering Bot With Machine Learning on Chinese-Based MOOCs	6
Automated Essay Scoring and Revising Based on Open-Source Large Language Models	6
IEEE Education Society Information	6
LearnEval Peer Assessment Platform: Iterative Development Process and Evaluation	6
A Novel Tangible Interaction Authoring Tool for Creating Educational Activities: Analysis of Its Acceptance by Educators	6
Gamification Intensity in Web-Based Virtual Training Environments and Its Effect on Learning	6
Addressing Student Fatigue in Computer Architecture Courses	6
Developing and Usability Testing of an Augmented Reality Tool for Online Engineering Education	6
Student Perceptions of ChatGPT Use in a College Essay Assignment: Implications for Learning, Grading, and Trust in Artificial Intelligence	6

IEEE Education Society Information	6
Vocational Training With Microlearning—How Low-Immersive 360-Degree Learning Environments Support Work-Process-Integrated Learning	6
Generation of Multiple-Choice Questions From Textbook Contents of School-Level Subjects	6
Knowledge-Graph-Driven Mind Mapping for Immersive Collaborative Learning: A Pilot Study in Edu-Metaverse	6
Portable Joint Attention Skill Training Platform for Children With Autism	6
Enhancing Sand-Table-Based Incident Command Training With Extended Reality and Interactive Simulations: A Use Case in Forest Firefighting	6
Exploring the Answering Capability of Large Language Models in Addressing Complex Knowledge in Entrepreneurship Education	6
Motivating Students with Different Needs to Learn Chinese in a Mixed-Background Classroom by Robot-Assisted Learning	6
The Extent of AI Applications in EFL Learning and Teaching	6
Should Learning Analytics Models Include Sensitive Attributes? Explaining the Why	6
A High-Quality Generation Approach for Educational Programming Projects Using LLM	5
Perception Engineering Learning With Virtual Reality	5
Table of Contents	5
Hybrid Maximum Clique Algorithm Using Parallel Integer Programming for Uniform Test Assembly	5
Stable Knowledge Tracing Using Causal Inference	5
Leveraging Semantic Facets for Automatic Assessment of Short Free Text Answers	5
Educational Sequence Mining for Dropout Prediction in MOOCs: Model Building, Evaluation, and Benchmarking	5
WebART: Web-Based Augmented Reality Learning Resources Authoring Tool and Its User Experience Study Among Teachers	5
Reputation Systems Impact on Help Seeking in MOOC Discussion Forums	5
EQGG: Automatic Question Group Generation	5
Blended Laboratory Design Using Raspberry Pi Pico for Digital Circuits and Systems	5
Probeware for the Modern Era: IoT Dataflow System Design for Secondary Classrooms	5
Seamless Crime Scene Reconstruction in Mixed Reality for Investigation Training: A Design and Evaluation Study	5
Designing Social Robot for Adults Using Self-Determination Theory and AI Technologies	5
FERN: Fair Team Formation for Mutually Beneficial Collaborative Learning	5
Framing Professional Learning Analytics as Reframing Oneself	5
A Framework for Designing Student-Facing Learning Analytics to Support Self-Regulated Learning	5
Improving Ray Tracing Understanding With Immersive Environments	5
Preserving Both Privacy and Utility in Learning Analytics	5
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies	5
A Modular Serious Game Development Framework for Virtual Laboratory Courses	5
Editorial Preface: New Leadership New Era	5
Multisensory Interaction and Analytics to Enhance Smart Learning Environments: A Systematic Literature Review	5
Robotics in the Context of Primary and Preschool Education: A Scoping Review	5
Assessing Learner Facilitation in MOOC Forums: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation Study	5
Multivariate Knowledge Tracking Based on Graph Neural Network in ASSISTments	4
The Effects of the Badminton Teaching-Assisted System Using Electromyography and Gyroscope on Learners' Badminton Skills	4
Computational Learning Analytics to Estimate Location-Based Self-Regulation Process of Real-World Experiences	4
Embeddings for Automatic Short Answer Grading: A Scoping Review	4
Analysis and Prediction of Students' Performance in a Computer-Based Course Through Real-Time Events	4
Toward Embedding Robotics in Learning Environments With Support to Teachers: The IDEE Experience	4
Open Remote Web Lab for Learning Robotics and ROS With Physical and Simulated Robots in an Authentic Developer Environment	4
Controller Effect in Online Laboratories—An Overview	4
Analytic Study for Predictor Development on Student Participation in Generic Competence Development Activities Based on Academic Performance	4
A Journey to Identify Users' Classification Strategies to Customize Game-Based and Gamified Learning Environments	4
Audio Instructional Design Best Practices for an Enhanced Learning Experience. A Mixed Holistic-Systematic Mapping Study	4
How Can Self-Evaluation and Self-Efficacy Skills of Young Learners be Scaffolded in a Web Application?	4
Front Cover	4
Audio Augmented Reality in Smart Learning Environments	4
An Innovative Strategy to Anticipate Students’ Cheating: The Development of Automatic Essay Assessment on the “MoLearn” Learning Management System	4
Design and Implementation of the Reliable Learning Style Recognition Mechanism Based on Fusion Labels and Ensemble Classification	4
Applying Smart Glasses in Situated Exploration for Learning English in a National Science Museum	4
A Data-Driven Approach for the Identification of Features for Automated Feedback on Academic Essays	4
Assessment of Kinematic and Kinetic Attributes of Graphic Execution of Children With Autism and Typically Developing Children Using a Digitized Platform	4
Leveraging Extended Reality for Autistic Individuals: A Scoping Review of Technical Features and Technology Affordances	3
Reducing English Major Students' Writing Errors with an Automated Writing Evaluation System: Evidence from Eye-Tracking Technology	3
Kung Fu Metaverse: A Movement Guidance Training System	3
IEEE EDUCATION SOCIETY	3
Introducing Massive Open Metaverse Course and Its Enabling Technology	3
Automated Multimode Teaching Behavior Analysis: A Pipeline-Based Event Segmentation and Description	3
Adaptive Learning Support System Based on Automatic Recommendation of Personalized Review Materials	3
Technology Solutions to Reduce Anxiety and Increase Cognitive Availability in Students	3
The Design of Guiding and Adaptive Prompts for Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Its Effect on Students’ Mathematics Learning	3
Using a Chatbot to Provide Formative Feedback: A Longitudinal Study of Intrinsic Motivation, Cognitive Load, and Learning Performance	3
Bring the Intelligent Tutoring Robots to Education: A Systematic Literature Review	3
The Impact of Game Elements on Learner Motivation: Influence of Initial Motivation and Player Profile	3
Effectiveness of Customized Exergames to Improve Postural Control in High School Physical Education	3
An Immersive Virtual Field Experience Structuring Method for Geoscience Education	3
Extended Reality as a Training Approach for Visual Real-Time Feedback in Golf	3
PythonPal: Enhancing Online Programming Education through Chatbot-Driven Personalized Feedback	3
Educational Practices and Strategies With Immersive Learning Environments: Mapping of Reviews for Using the Metaverse	3
Table of Contents	3
Optimizing Automatic Text Classification Approach in Adaptive Online Collaborative Discussion–A Perspective of Attention Mechanism-Based Bi-LSTM	3
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies Publication Information	3
Modeling Student Performance Using Feature Crosses Information for Knowledge Tracing	3
Semantic mashup of open online resources	3
Editorial: Journey to the Future: Extended Reality and Intelligence Augmentation	3
Automated Assessment of and Feedback on Concept Maps During Inquiry Learning	3
Front Cover	3
Promoting Computational Thinking Skills in Non-Computer-Science Students: Gamifying Computational Notebooks to Increase Student Engagement	3
LOsMonitor: A Machine Learning Tool for Analyzing and Monitoring Cognitive Levels of Assessment Questions	3
A Feasible Study of a Deep Learning Model Supporting Human–Machine Collaborative Learning of Object-Oriented Programming	3
How to Design Immersive Virtual Learning Environments Based on Real-World Processes for the Edu-Metaverse—A Design Process Framework	3
Augmented Reality and Engineering Education: A Systematic Review	3
AssignmentWatch: An Automated Detection and Alert Tool for Reducing Academic Misconduct Associated With File-Sharing Websites	3
Automated Educative Nudges to Reduce Missed Assignments in College	3
Can Edu-Metaverse Reshape Virtual Teaching Community (VTC) to Promote Educational Equity? An Exploratory Study	3
Learning Automated Essay Scoring Models Using Item-Response-Theory-Based Scores to Decrease Effects of Rater Biases	3
Designing Hybrid Human–AI Orchestration Tools for Individual and Collaborative Activities: A Technology Probe Study	3
Automatic Short-Answer Grading via BERT-Based Deep Neural Networks	3
Leveraging Multicriteria Integer Programming Optimization for Effective Team Formation	3
Improving Learning Environments: Avoiding Stupidity Perspective	3
Developing “Learningverse”—A 3-D Metaverse Platform to Support Teaching, Social, and Cognitive Presences	3
A Knowledge Diffusion Model in Autonomous Learning Under Multiple Networks for Personalized Educational Resource Allocation	3