Cryosphere

Article	Citations
A comparison between Envisat and ICESat sea ice thickness in the Southern Ocean	299
Comparing elevation and backscatter retrievals from CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 over Arctic summer sea ice	97
Modelling cold firn evolution at Colle Gnifetti, Swiss/Italian Alps	72
Partial melting in polycrystalline ice: pathways identified in 3D neutron tomographic images	65
Impact of atmospheric forcing uncertainties on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice simulations in CMIP6 OMIP models	55
Automated mapping of the seasonal evolution of surface meltwater and its links to climate on the Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica	54
A model framework for atmosphere–snow water vapor exchange and the associated isotope effects at Dome Argus, Antarctica – Part 1: The diurnal changes	51
Age, thinning and spatial origin of the Beyond EPICA ice from a 2.5D ice flow model	46
Spatially heterogeneous effect of climate warming on the Arctic land ice	44
Variability in Antarctic surface climatology across regional climate models and reanalysis datasets	43
Disentangling the drivers of future Antarctic ice loss with a historically calibrated ice-sheet model	41
Mapping Antarctic crevasses and their evolution with deep learning applied to satellite radar imagery	41
Seasonal land-ice-flow variability in the Antarctic Peninsula	39
Ice-shelf freshwater triggers for the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf melt tipping point in a global ocean–sea-ice model	37
Extensive and anomalous grounding line retreat at Vanderford Glacier, Vincennes Bay, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica	36
Spectral induced polarization survey for the estimation of hydrogeological parameters in an active rock glacier	36
Responses of the Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers to melt and sliding parameterizations	36
Mechanisms and impacts of anomalous high-salinity shelf water formation in the Ross Sea	36
Brief communication: Tritium concentration and age of firn accumulation in an ice cave of Mount Olympus (Greece)	36
Evaluating Greenland surface-mass-balance and firn-densification data using ICESat-2 altimetry	35
Sea ice reduction in the Barents–Kara Sea enhances June precipitation in the Yangtze River basin	35
Brief communication: Monitoring active layer dynamics using a lightweight nimble ground-penetrating radar system – a laboratory analogue test case	35
Improving climate model skill over High Mountain Asia by adapting snow cover parameterization to complex-topography areas	35
Observing the evolution of summer melt on multiyear sea ice with ICESat-2 and Sentinel-2	33
The role of föhn winds in eastern Antarctic Peninsula rapid ice shelf collapse	33

Similarities between sea ice area variations and satellite-derived terrestrial biosphere and cryosphere parameters across the Arctic	33
Quantifying the uncertainty in the Eurasian ice-sheet geometry at the Penultimate Glacial Maximum (Marine Isotope Stage 6)	31
Benchmarking of snow water equivalent (SWE) products based on outcomes of the SnowPEx+ Intercomparison Project	31
Modelling surface temperature and radiation budget of snow-covered complex terrain	31
European heat waves 2022: contribution to extreme glacier melt in Switzerland inferred from automated ablation readings	30
Brief communication: Daily, gap-free snow cover information based on a combination of NPP VIIRS and MODIS data	29
Suitability of the CICE sea ice model for seasonal prediction and positive impact of CryoSat-2 ice thickness initialization	29
Brief communication: Storstrømmen Glacier, northeastern Greenland, primed for end-of-decade surge	28
Lake volume and potential hazards of moraine-dammed glacial lakes – a case study of Bienong Co, southeastern Tibetan Plateau	28
Temporal markers in a temperate ice core: insights from 3H and 137Cs profiles from the Adamello Glacier	28
Spaceborne thermal infrared observations of Arctic sea ice leads at 30 m resolution	26
Widespread increase in discharge from west Antarctic Peninsula glaciers since 2018	26
Filling and drainage of a subglacial lake beneath the Flade Isblink ice cap, northeast Greenland	26
Southern Ocean sea-ice leads: first insights into regional lead patterns, seasonality, and trends, 2003–2023	26
Grain-size evolution controls the accumulation dependence of modelled firn thickness	26
Rapid regional assessment of rock glacier activity based on DInSAR wrapped-phase signal	25
Retrieval of atmospheric water vapor and temperature profiles over Antarctica from satellite microwave observations using an iterative approach	25
Arctic sea ice radar freeboard retrieval from the European Remote-Sensing Satellite (ERS-2) using altimetry: toward sea ice thickness observation from 1995 to 2021	25
Characteristics and rarity of the strong 1940s westerly wind event over the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica	25
Kara and Barents sea ice thickness estimation based on CryoSat-2 radar altimeter and Sentinel-1 dual-polarized synthetic aperture radar	25
Brief communication: Recent estimates of glacier mass loss for western North America from laser altimetry	25
Multilayer observation and estimation of the snowpack cold content in a humid boreal coniferous forest of eastern Canada	25
A comparison of supraglacial meltwater features throughout contrasting melt seasons: southwest Greenland	25
Mapping the extent of giant Antarctic icebergs with deep learning	24
The radiative and geometric properties of melting first-year landfast sea ice in the Arctic	24
Climatology and surface impacts of atmospheric rivers on West Antarctica	24
Radar sounding survey over Devon Ice Cap indicates the potential for a diverse hypersaline subglacial hydrological environment	24
The role of atmospheric conditions in the Antarctic sea ice extent summer minima	24
Impact of icebergs on the seasonal submarine melt of Sermeq Kujalleq	24
Quantification of capillary rise dynamics in snow using neutron radiography	23
Sources of low-frequency variability in observed Antarctic sea ice	23
Warm proglacial lake temperatures and thermal undercutting enhance rapid retreat of an Arctic glacier	23
The stability of present-day Antarctic grounding lines – Part 2: Onset of irreversible retreat of Amundsen Sea glaciers under current climate on centennial timescales cannot be excluded	23
Glacier–permafrost relations in a high-mountain environment: 5 decades of kinematic monitoring at the Gruben site, Swiss Alps	23
Impact of the melt–albedo feedback on the future evolution of the Greenland Ice Sheet with PISM-dEBM-simple	22
GLAcier Feature Tracking testkit (GLAFT): a statistically and physically based framework for evaluating glacier velocity products derived from optical satellite image feature tracking	22
A probabilistic framework for quantifying the role of anthropogenic climate change in marine-terminating glacier retreats	22
An unseasonal atmospheric river drives anomalous summer snow accumulation on glaciers of the subtropical Andes	22
Sensitivity of modeled snow grain size retrievals to solar geometry, snow particle asphericity, and snowpack impurities	22
A prototype passive microwave retrieval algorithm for tundra snow density	22
Distributed surface mass balance of an avalanche-fed glacier	22
Evaluation of the Snow Climate Change Initiative (Snow CCI) snow-covered area product within a mountain snow water equivalent reanalysis	22
Brief communication: On the potential of seismic polarity reversal to identify a thin low-velocity layer above a high-velocity layer in ice-rich rock glaciers	21
First observations of sea ice flexural–gravity waves with ground-based radar interferometry in Utqiaġvik, Alaska	21
Mapping seasonal snow melting in Karakoram using SAR and topographic data	21
Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurements for high-resolution chemical ice core analyses with a first application to an ice core from Skytrain Ice Rise (Antarctica)	21
An analysis of the interaction between surface and basal crevasses in ice shelves	21
Automated snow cover detection on mountain glaciers using spaceborne imagery and machine learning	21
Reanalysis of the longest mass balance series in Himalaya using a nonlinear model: Chhota Shigri Glacier (India)	21
Development and fluctuation of crystal orientation fabric in the deep sections of the Dome Fuji ice core, Antarctica: impacts of dust particles and migration recrystallization	20

A framework for time-dependent ice sheet uncertainty quantification, applied to three West Antarctic ice streams	20
MMSeaIce: a collection of techniques for improving sea ice mapping with a multi-task model	20
Ice shelf calving due to shear stresses: observing the response of Brunt Ice Shelf and Halloween Crack to iceberg calving using ICESat-2 laser altimetry, satellite imagery, and ice flow models	20
Contribution of warm and moist atmospheric flow to a record minimum July sea ice extent of the Arctic in 2020	20
Brief communication: The Glacier Loss Day as an indicator of a record-breaking negative glacier mass balance in 2022	19
Multi-decadal retreat of marine-terminating outlet glaciers in northwest and central-west Greenland	19
Seasonality in terminus ablation rates for the glaciers in Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat)	19
An 11-year record of wintertime snow-surface energy balance and sublimation at 4863 m a.s.l. on the Chhota Shigri Glacier moraine (western Himalaya, India)	19
ITS_LIVE global glacier velocity data in near-real time	19
Snow cover prediction in the Italian central Apennines using weather forecast and land surface numerical models	19
Sensitivity of the Ross Ice Shelf to environmental and glaciological controls	19
Unlocking the potential of melting calorimetry: a field protocol for liquid water content measurement in snow	19
Topology and spatial-pressure-distribution reconstruction of an englacial channel	19
Estimating degree-day factors of snow based on energy flux components	19
Deep clustering in subglacial radar reflectance reveals subglacial lakes	19
Influence of snow spatial variability on cosmic ray neutron snow water equivalent (SWE): case study in a northern prairie	19
Arctic glacier snowline altitudes rise 150 m over the last 4 decades	19
Brief communication: New perspectives on the skill of modelled sea ice trends in light of recent Antarctic sea ice loss	19
Land- to lake-terminating transition triggers dynamic thinning of a Bhutanese glacier	18
A regionally resolved inventory of High Mountain Asia surge-type glaciers, derived from a multi-factor remote sensing approach	18
Brief communication: Rapid  ∼  335  ×  106 m3 bed erosion after detachment of the Sedongpu Glacier (Tibet)	18
Polarimetric radar reveals the spatial distribution of ice fabric at domes and divides in East Antarctica	18
A quasi-one-dimensional ice mélange flow model based on continuum descriptions of granular materials	18
Modeling of surface energy balance for Icelandic glaciers using remote-sensing albedo	18
Review article: Feature tracing in radio-echo sounding products of terrestrial ice sheets and planetary bodies	18
Ice fabrics in two-dimensional flows: beyond pure and simple shear	18
SNICAR-ADv4: a physically based radiative transfer model to represent the spectral albedo of glacier ice	18
Snowmelt characterization from optical and synthetic-aperture radar observations in the La Joie Basin, British Columbia	17
Inland migration of near-surface crevasses in the Amundsen Sea Sector, West Antarctica	17
Wave erosion, frontal bending, and calving at Ross Ice Shelf	17
Modelling snowpack on ice surfaces with the ORCHIDEE land surface model: application to the Greenland ice sheet	17
Constraining regional glacier reconstructions using past ice thickness of deglaciating areas – a case study in the European Alps	17
Insights into microphysical and optical properties of typical mineral dust within urban snowpack via wet and dry deposition in Changchun, northeastern China	17
Feasibility of retrieving Arctic sea ice thickness from the Chinese HY-2B Ku-band radar altimeter	17
Assimilating CryoSat-2 freeboard to improve Arctic sea ice thickness estimates	17
Seasonal and interannual variability in freshwater sources for Greenland's fjords	17
Spectral induced polarization imaging to investigate an ice-rich mountain permafrost site in Switzerland	17
Leveraging snow probe data, lidar, and machine learning for snow depth estimation in complex-terrain environments	17
Data-driven surrogate modeling of high-resolution sea-ice thickness in the Arctic	17
Reconstructing dynamics of the Baltic Ice Stream Complex during deglaciation of the Last Scandinavian Ice Sheet	17
Quantifying the effects of background concentrations of crude oil pollution on sea ice albedo	17
Modelling the evolution of Arctic multiyear sea ice over 2000–2018	17
Improved monitoring of subglacial lake activity in Greenland	17
Improved permafrost modelling in mountain environments by including air convection in a hydrological model	16
Evaporative controls on Antarctic precipitation: an ECHAM6 model study using innovative water tracer diagnostics	16
Accumulation of legacy fallout radionuclides in cryoconite on Isfallsglaciären (Arctic Sweden) and their downstream spatial distribution	16
An empirical algorithm to map perennial firn aquifers and ice slabs within the Greenland Ice Sheet using satellite L-band microwave radiometry	16
Will landscape responses reduce glacier sensitivity to climate change in High Mountain Asia?	16
Impact of atmospheric rivers on Arctic sea ice variations	16
Analyzing the sensitivity of a blowing snow model (SnowPappus) to precipitation forcing, blowing snow, and spatial resolution	16
Using deep learning and multi-source remote sensing images to map landlocked lakes in Antarctica	16
Novel approach to estimate the water isotope diffusion length in deep ice cores with an application to Marine Isotope Stage 19 in the Dome C ice core	16
Estimating the uncertainty of sea-ice area and sea-ice extent from satellite retrievals	16
Characterizing tundra snow sub-pixel variability to improve brightness temperature estimation in satellite SWE retrievals	16
Brief communication: Rapid acceleration of the Brunt Ice Shelf after calving of iceberg A-81	16
Monitoring Arctic thin ice: a comparison between CryoSat-2 SAR altimetry data and MODIS thermal-infrared imagery	15
Viscoelastic mechanics of tidally induced lake drainage in the grounding zone	15
Multi-decadal analysis of past winter temperature, precipitation and snow cover data in the European Alps from reanalyses, climate models and observational datasets	15
A cold laboratory hyperspectral imaging system to map grain size and ice layer distributions in firn cores	15
Bathymetry-constrained impact of relative sea-level change on basal melting in Antarctica	15
Modeling the impacts of climate trends and lake formation on the retreat of a tropical Andean glacier (1962–2020)	15
Modelling glacier mass balance and climate sensitivity in the context of sparse observations: application to Saskatchewan Glacier, western Canada	15
Reversal of ocean gyres near ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea caused by the interaction of sea ice and wind	15
On the sensitivity of sea ice deformation statistics to plastic damage	15
Strong increase in thawing of subsea permafrost in the 22nd century caused by anthropogenic climate change	15
Unravelling the sources of uncertainty in glacier runoff projections in the Patagonian Andes (40–56° S)	15
Slowdown of Shirase Glacier, East Antarctica, caused by strengthening alongshore winds	15
Detection of ice core particles via deep neural networks	15
The contribution of Humboldt Glacier, northern Greenland, to sea-level rise through 2100 constrained by recent observations of speedup and retreat	14
Assessing the seasonal evolution of snow depth spatial variability and scaling in complex mountain terrain	14
Simulating ice segregation and thaw consolidation in permafrost environments with the CryoGrid community model	14
Multi-frequency altimetry snow depth estimates over heterogeneous snow-covered Antarctic summer sea ice – Part 1: C∕S-, Ku-, and Ka-band airborne observations	14
Seasonality and scenario dependence of rapid Arctic sea ice loss events in CMIP6 simulations	14
Two-way coupling between ice flow and channelized subglacial drainage enhances modeled marine-ice-sheet retreat	14
Dual-frequency radar observations of snowmelt processes on Antarctic perennial sea ice by CFOSCAT and ASCAT	14
Subglacial discharge effects on basal melting of a rotating, idealized ice shelf	14
In situ 10Be modeling and terrain analysis constrain subglacial quarrying and abrasion rates at Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn Isbræ), Greenland	14
Sublimation measurements of tundra and taiga snowpack in Alaska	14
Review article: Retrogressive thaw slump characteristics and terminology	14
Geometric controls of tidewater glacier dynamics	14

Generating large-scale sea ice motion from Sentinel-1 and the RADARSAT Constellation Mission using the Environment and Climate Change Canada automated sea ice tracking system	14
Predicting ocean-induced ice-shelf melt rates using deep learning	14
A study of sea ice topography in the Weddell and Ross seas using dual-polarimetric TanDEM-X imagery	14
Impact of boundary conditions on the modeled thermal regime of the Antarctic ice sheet	14
Quantifying frost-weathering-induced damage in alpine rocks	14
Flexural and compressive strength of the landfast sea ice in the Prydz Bay, East Antarctic	14
Brief communication: Sea-level projections, adaptation planning, and actionable science	14
Assessment of the impact of dam reservoirs on river ice cover – an example from the Carpathians (central Europe)	14
Resolving glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) in response to modern and future ice loss at marine grounding lines in West Antarctica	14
Incorporating InSAR kinematics into rock glacier inventories: insights from 11 regions worldwide	13
Simulating the Holocene deglaciation across a marine-terminating portion of southwestern Greenland in response to marine and atmospheric forcings	13
Extensive palaeo-surfaces beneath the Evans–Rutford region of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet control modern and past ice flow	13
Fifty years of firn evolution on Grigoriev ice cap, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan	13
Feedback mechanisms controlling Antarctic glacial-cycle dynamics simulated with a coupled ice sheet–solid Earth model	13
Surging of a Hudson Strait-scale ice stream: subglacial hydrology matters but the process details mostly do not	13
Control of the temperature signal in Antarctic proxies by snowfall dynamics	13
Snow water equivalent retrieval over Idaho – Part 2: Using L-band UAVSAR repeat-pass interferometry	13
The AutoICE Challenge	13
Subglacial hydrology modulates basal sliding response of the Antarctic ice sheet to climate forcing	13
A collection of wet beam models for wave–ice interaction	13
Observing glacier elevation changes from spaceborne optical and radar sensors – an inter-comparison experiment using ASTER and TanDEM-X data	13
Fine-scale variability in iceberg velocity fields and implications for an ice-associated pinniped	13
Snow stratigraphy observations from Operation IceBridge surveys in Alaska using S and C band airborne ultra-wideband FMCW (frequency-modulated continuous wave) radar	13
Sentinel-1 detection of ice slabs on the Greenland Ice Sheet	13
Twenty-first century global glacier evolution under CMIP6 scenarios and the role of glacier-specific observations	13
Automated ArcticDEM iceberg detection tool: insights into area and volume distributions, and their potential application to satellite imagery and modelling of glacier–iceberg–ocean systems	13
Arctic sea ice anomalies during the MOSAiC winter 2019/20	13
Greenland's firn responds more to warming than to cooling	13
Assessing volumetric change distributions and scaling relations of retrogressive thaw slumps across the Arctic	13
Temporal variation of bacterial community and nutrients in Tibetan glacier snowpack	13
Summer sea ice floe perimeter density in the Arctic: high-resolution optical satellite imagery and model evaluation	13
Signature of the stratosphere–troposphere coupling on recent record-breaking Antarctic sea-ice anomalies	13
The collapse of the Cordilleran–Laurentide ice saddle and early opening of the Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada, constrained by 10Be exposure dating	13
Contrasted geomorphological and limnological properties of thermokarst lakes formed in buried glacier ice and ice-wedge polygon terrain	12
El Niño enhances snow-line rise and ice loss on the Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru	12
The evolution of Arctic permafrost over the last 3 centuries from ensemble simulations with the CryoGridLite permafrost model	12
Layered seawater intrusion and melt under grounded ice	12
Inverting ice surface elevation and velocity for bed topography and slipperiness beneath Thwaites Glacier	12
Finely resolved along-track wave attenuation estimates in the Antarctic marginal ice zone from ICESat-2	12
Brief communication: Identification of tundra topsoil frozen/thawed state from SMAP and GCOM-W1 radiometer measurements using the spectral gradient method	12
A topographically controlled tipping point for complete Greenland ice sheet melt	12
Air clathrate hydrates in the EDML ice core, Antarctica	12
Widespread slowdown in thinning rates of West Antarctic ice shelves	12
Seasonal snow–atmosphere modeling: let's do it	12
Ice plate deformation and cracking revealed by an in situ-distributed acoustic sensing array	12
Development of crystal orientation fabric in the Dome Fuji ice core in East Antarctica: implications for the deformation regime in ice sheets	12
A generalized stress correction scheme for the Maxwell elasto-brittle rheology: impact on the fracture angles and deformations	12
Geothermal heat source estimations through ice flow modelling at Mýrdalsjökull, Iceland	12
Exploring ice sheet model sensitivity to ocean thermal forcing and basal sliding using the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM)	12
Sea ice concentration estimates from ICESat-2 linear ice fraction – Part 1: Multi-sensor comparison of sea ice concentration products	12
Mapping and characterization of avalanches on mountain glaciers with Sentinel-1 satellite imagery	12
Brief communication: A framework to classify glaciers for water resource evaluation and management in the Southern Andes	12
Empirical correction of systematic orthorectification error in Sentinel-2 velocity fields for Greenlandic outlet glaciers	12
Investigating seasonal and multi-decadal water/ice storage changes in the Murtèl rock glacier using time-lapse gravimetry	12
Using Icepack to reproduce ice mass balance buoy observations in landfast ice: improvements from the mushy-layer thermodynamics	12
Influence of fast ice on future ice shelf melting in the Totten Glacier area, East Antarctica	12
Assessment of Arctic seasonal snow cover rates of change	12
Everest South Col Glacier did not thin during the period 1984–2017	11
Geometric amplification and suppression of ice-shelf basal melt in West Antarctica	11
Thermal infrared shadow-hiding in GOES-R ABI imagery: snow and forest temperature observations from the SnowEx 2020 Grand Mesa field campaign	11
Wave-triggered breakup in the marginal ice zone generates lognormal floe size distributions: a simulation study	11
Sensitivity of Antarctic surface climate to a new spectral snow albedo and radiative transfer scheme in RACMO2.3p3	11
Wind conditions for snow cornice formation in a wind tunnel	11
Cross-platform classification of level and deformed sea ice considering per-class incident angle dependency of backscatter intensity	11
Molecular biomarkers in Batagay megaslump permafrost deposits reveal clear differences in organic matter preservation between glacial and interglacial periods	11
Evidence of active subglacial lakes under a slowly moving coastal region of the Antarctic Ice Sheet	11
A new state-dependent parameterization for the free drift of sea ice	11
Brief communication: Increased glacier mass loss in the Russian High Arctic (2010–2017)	11
Towards long-term records of rain-on-snow events across the Arctic from satellite data	11
On the evolution of an ice shelf melt channel at the base of Filchner Ice Shelf, from observations and viscoelastic modeling	11
Loss of accumulation zone exposes dark ice and drives increased ablation at Weißseespitze, Austria	11
Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database	11
Spatiotemporal snow water storage uncertainty in the midlatitude American Cordillera	11
Modelling GNSS-observed seasonal velocity changes of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, using the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM)	11
Drainage and refill of an Antarctic Peninsula subglacial lake reveal an active subglacial hydrological network	11
Direct measurement of warm Atlantic Intermediate Water close to the grounding line of Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden (79° N) Glacier, northeast Greenland	11
Glacial ring forms on Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada	11
First results of the polar regional climate model RACMO2.4	11
Glacier and rock glacier changes since the 1950s in the La Laguna catchment, Chile	10
Co-registration and residual correction of digital elevation models: a comparative study	10
Updated Arctic melt pond fraction dataset and trends 2002–2023 using ENVISAT and Sentinel-3 remote sensing data	10
Progress of the RADIX (Rapid Access Drilling and Ice eXtraction) fast-access drilling system	10
Changes in March mean snow water equivalent since the mid-20th century and the contributing factors in reanalyses and CMIP6 climate models	10
Brief communication: Mountain permafrost acts as an aquitard during an infiltration experiment monitored with electrical resistivity tomography time-lapse measurements	10
Reconstruction of mass balance and firn stratigraphy during the 1996–2011 warm period at high altitude on Mount Ortles, Eastern Alps: a comparison of modelled and ice core results	10
Predictability of Arctic sea ice drift in coupled climate models	10
Evaluation of snow depth retrievals from ICESat-2 using airborne laser-scanning data	10
Globally consistent estimates of high-resolution Antarctic ice mass balance and spatially resolved glacial isostatic adjustment	10
Melt sensitivity of irreversible retreat of Pine Island Glacier	10
Formation of mega-scale glacial lineations far inland beneath the onset of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream	10
Variability in sea ice carbonate chemistry: a case study comparing the importance of ikaite precipitation, bottom-ice algae, and currents across an invisible polynya	10
Thermokarst lakes disturb the permafrost structure and stimulate through-talik formation in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China: a hydrogeophysical investigation	10
Assessing the key concerns in snow storage: a case study for China	10
Spatial characterization of near-surface structure and meltwater runoff conditions across the Devon Ice Cap from dual-frequency radar reflectivity	10
Lake ice break-up in Greenland: timing and spatiotemporal variability	10