Nature Energy

Article	Citations
Non-fullerene acceptors with branched side chains and improved molecular packing to exceed 18% efficiency in organic solar cells	1365
Current status and future directions of multivalent metal-ion batteries	851
Boron-doped nitrogen-deficient carbon nitride-based Z-scheme heterostructures for photocatalytic overall water splitting	794
Electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia via direct eight-electron transfer using a copper–molecular solid catalyst	777
Realizing high zinc reversibility in rechargeable batteries	689
Molecular design for electrolyte solvents enabling energy-dense and long-cycling lithium metal batteries	673
Structural transformation of highly active metal–organic framework electrocatalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction	666
Post-lithium-ion battery cell production and its compatibility with lithium-ion cell production infrastructure	655
Understanding and applying coulombic efficiency in lithium metal batteries	553
The justice and equity implications of the clean energy transition	515
All-perovskite tandem solar cells with 24.2% certified efficiency and area over 1 cm2 using surface-anchoring zwitterionic antioxidant	505
New roads and challenges for fuel cells in heavy-duty transportation	498
The role of adsorbed hydroxide in hydrogen evolution reaction kinetics on modified platinum	419
Highly selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol by metallic clusters dynamically formed from atomically dispersed copper	413
Tailoring electrolyte solvation for Li metal batteries cycled at ultra-low temperature	401
Intact 2D/3D halide junction perovskite solar cells via solid-phase in-plane growth	380
Molecular engineering of dispersed nickel phthalocyanines on carbon nanotubes for selective CO2 reduction	379
Rational solvent molecule tuning for high-performance lithium metal battery electrolytes	374
Formulating energy density for designing practical lithium–sulfur batteries	374
Efficient electrically powered CO2-to-ethanol via suppression of deoxygenation	371
Two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper layered perovskite solar cells based on phase-pure thin films	354
Hydrothermal deposition of antimony selenosulfide thin films enables solar cells with 10% efficiency	346
Ultra-high-voltage Ni-rich layered cathodes in practical Li metal batteries enabled by a sulfonamide-based electrolyte	342
Processing thin but robust electrolytes for solid-state batteries	340
Nickel ferrocyanide as a high-performance urea oxidation electrocatalyst	323

Diagnosing and correcting anode-free cell failure via electrolyte and morphological analysis	313
Rejuvenating dead lithium supply in lithium metal anodes by iodine redox	300
Balancing interfacial reactions to achieve long cycle life in high-energy lithium metal batteries	297
Heuristic solution for achieving long-term cycle stability for Ni-rich layered cathodes at full depth of discharge	292
Low-temperature and high-rate-charging lithium metal batteries enabled by an electrochemically active monolayer-regulated interface	291
Reactive boride infusion stabilizes Ni-rich cathodes for lithium-ion batteries	291
First-cycle voltage hysteresis in Li-rich 3d cathodes associated with molecular O2 trapped in the bulk	291
Pt/Fe2O3 with Pt–Fe pair sites as a catalyst for oxygen reduction with ultralow Pt loading	288
Atomically dispersed iron sites with a nitrogen–carbon coating as highly active and durable oxygen reduction catalysts for fuel cells	284
A holistic approach to interface stabilization for efficient perovskite solar modules with over 2,000-hour operational stability	281
Bridging the gap between highly active oxygen reduction reaction catalysts and effective catalyst layers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells	272
High areal capacity, long cycle life 4 V ceramic all-solid-state Li-ion batteries enabled by chloride solid electrolytes	271
Challenges in speeding up solid-state battery development	270
Understanding Co roles towards developing Co-free Ni-rich cathodes for rechargeable batteries	264
Gas diffusion electrodes, reactor designs and key metrics of low-temperature CO2 electrolysers	262
High-performing commercial Fe–N–C cathode electrocatalyst for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells	250
Moving beyond 99.9% Coulombic efficiency for lithium anodes in liquid electrolytes	249
Life-cycle assessment of an industrial direct air capture process based on temperature–vacuum swing adsorption	247
The design space for long-duration energy storage in decarbonized power systems	246
A guest-assisted molecular-organization approach for >17% efficiency organic solar cells using environmentally friendly solvents	246
Thermally modulated lithium iron phosphate batteries for mass-market electric vehicles	246
A unified description of non-radiative voltage losses in organic solar cells	246
Design rules for high-efficiency both-sides-contacted silicon solar cells with balanced charge carrier transport and recombination losses	245
Defect compensation in formamidinium–caesium perovskites for highly efficient solar mini-modules with improved photostability	226
Assessment methods and performance metrics for redox flow batteries	224
Designing anion exchange membranes for CO2 electrolysers	220
Pressure-tailored lithium deposition and dissolution in lithium metal batteries	220
The role of exciton lifetime for charge generation in organic solar cells at negligible energy-level offsets	219
High-power Mg batteries enabled by heterogeneous enolization redox chemistry and weakly coordinating electrolytes	217
Greenhouse-inspired supra-photothermal CO2 catalysis	214
Free-standing ultrathin lithium metal–graphene oxide host foils with controllable thickness for lithium batteries	211
Impact of declining renewable energy costs on electrification in low-emission scenarios	209
Tailored catalyst microenvironments for CO2 electroreduction to multicarbon products on copper using bilayer ionomer coatings	204
A high-energy-density and long-life initial-anode-free lithium battery enabled by a Li2O sacrificial agent	194
Flexible all-perovskite tandem solar cells approaching 25% efficiency with molecule-bridged hole-selective contact	191
Simplified interconnection structure based on C60/SnO2-x for all-perovskite tandem solar cells	191
Research and development priorities for silicon photovoltaic module recycling to support a circular economy	191
Impacts of climate change on energy systems in global and regional scenarios	189
Operando cathode activation with alkali metal cations for high current density operation of water-fed zero-gap carbon dioxide electrolysers	181
Interplay between temperature and bandgap energies on the outdoor performance of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells	180
Regulating electrodeposition morphology in high-capacity aluminium and zinc battery anodes using interfacial metal–substrate bonding	177
Expert elicitation survey predicts 37% to 49% declines in wind energy costs by 2050	177
Progress and prospects for ultrathin solar cells	176
The role of O2 in O-redox cathodes for Li-ion batteries	175
Ultralight and fire-extinguishing current collectors for high-energy and high-safety lithium-ion batteries	174
Generation of long-lived charges in organic semiconductor heterojunction nanoparticles for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution	174
National growth dynamics of wind and solar power compared to the growth required for global climate targets	173
Evolution of defects during the degradation of metal halide perovskite solar cells under reverse bias and illumination	172
Low-bandgap mixed tin–lead iodide perovskites with reduced methylammonium for simultaneous enhancement of solar cell efficiency and stability	171
Double-atom catalysts as a molecular platform for heterogeneous oxygen evolution electrocatalysis	170

Efficient bifacial monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells via bandgap engineering	168
An alcohol-dispersed conducting polymer complex for fully printable organic solar cells with improved stability	168
Ampere-hour-scale zinc–air pouch cells	162
Size effects and active state formation of cobalt oxide nanoparticles during the oxygen evolution reaction	161
Molecularly engineered photocatalyst sheet for scalable solar formate production from carbon dioxide and water	161
Stabilization of formamidinium lead triiodide α-phase with isopropylammonium chloride for perovskite solar cells	161
Low-solvation electrolytes for high-voltage sodium-ion batteries	158
Operando decoding of chemical and thermal events in commercial Na(Li)-ion cells via optical sensors	157
Lithiated metallic molybdenum disulfide nanosheets for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries	154
Additive engineering for robust interphases to stabilize high-Ni layered structures at ultra-high voltage of 4.8 V	152
The critical role of composition-dependent intragrain planar defects in the performance of MA1–xFAxPbI3 perovskite solar cells	152
Organic solar cells using oligomer acceptors for improved stability and efficiency	151
Monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with 23.6% efficiency enabled by reduced voltage losses and optimized interconnecting layer	148
Fuel cells with an operational range of –20 °C to 200 °C enabled by phosphoric acid-doped intrinsically ultramicroporous membranes	147
Suppressed recombination loss in organic photovoltaics adopting a planar–mixed heterojunction architecture	147
Calendar aging of silicon-containing batteries	144
An open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells based on the FAIR data principles	144
It’s time to focus on organic solar cell stability	143
Interfacial engineering to achieve an energy density of over 200 Wh kg−1 in sodium batteries	143
Continuous transition from double-layer to Faradaic charge storage in confined electrolytes	141
Five thermal energy grand challenges for decarbonization	140
Strategies to improve light utilization in solar fuel synthesis	135
Electrochemical upgrade of CO2 from amine capture solution	133
Carrier control in Sn–Pb perovskites via 2D cation engineering for all-perovskite tandem solar cells with improved efficiency and stability	132
Stoichiometric methane conversion to ethane using photochemical looping at ambient temperature	131
Corrosion of lithium metal anodes during calendar ageing and its microscopic origins	131
A bilayer conducting polymer structure for planar perovskite solar cells with over 1,400 hours operational stability at elevated temperatures	130
Trapping lead in perovskite solar modules with abundant and low-cost cation-exchange resins	130
Aqueous electrolyte design for super-stable 2.5 V LiMn2O4 || Li4Ti5O12 pouch cells	130
Practical assessment of the performance of aluminium battery technologies	130
Elemental de-mixing-induced epitaxial kesterite/CdS interface enabling 13%-efficiency kesterite solar cells	125
Probabilistic feasibility space of scaling up green hydrogen supply	124
A systematic review of the costs and impacts of integrating variable renewables into power grids	124
Electrochemical synthesis of continuous metal–organic framework membranes for separation of hydrocarbons	122
Photochromic dye-sensitized solar cells with light-driven adjustable optical transmission and power conversion efficiency	121
The role of high-socioeconomic-status people in locking in or rapidly reducing energy-driven greenhouse gas emissions	121
Offshore wind competitiveness in mature markets without subsidy	120
Silicon anodes	120
Introducing high-valence elements into cobalt-free layered cathodes for practical lithium-ion batteries	120
Homogeneous and mechanically stable solid–electrolyte interphase enabled by trioxane-modulated electrolytes for lithium metal batteries	119
Sociodemographic disparities in energy insecurity among low-income households before and during the COVID-19 pandemic	119
Subnano-sized silicon anode via crystal growth inhibition mechanism and its application in a prototype battery pack	118
The impact of surface composition on the interfacial energetics and photoelectrochemical properties of BiVO4	114
Improving Pd–N–C fuel cell electrocatalysts through fluorination-driven rearrangements of local coordination environment	112
COVID-19 assistance needs to target energy insecurity	112
Silicon heterojunction solar cells with up to 26.81% efficiency achieved by electrically optimized nanocrystalline-silicon hole contact layers	111
Monitoring oxygen production on mass-selected iridium–tantalum oxide electrocatalysts	110
Persistent and partially mobile oxygen vacancies in Li-rich layered oxides	109
Degradation mechanisms of perovskite solar cells under vacuum and one atmosphere of nitrogen	109
Efficient electrosynthesis of n-propanol from carbon monoxide using a Ag–Ru–Cu catalyst	109
A universal close-space annealing strategy towards high-quality perovskite absorbers enabling efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells	107
Selective CO2 electrocatalysis at the pseudocapacitive nanoparticle/ordered-ligand interlayer	106
Ultrafast ion transport at a cathode–electrolyte interface and its strong dependence on salt solvation	106
H2O2 generation from O2 and H2O on a near-infrared absorbing porphyrin supramolecular photocatalyst	106
A cascade electrocaloric cooling device for large temperature lift	105
Li-ion battery electrolytes	105
Rate capability and Ragone plots for phase change thermal energy storage	105
Reframing incentives for climate policy action	103
Differences in carbon emissions reduction between countries pursuing renewable electricity versus nuclear power	103
Polysulfide-based redox flow batteries with long life and low levelized cost enabled by charge-reinforced ion-selective membranes	103
Urgent need for post-growth climate mitigation scenarios	100
Ta–TiOx nanoparticles as radical scavengers to improve the durability of Fe–N–C oxygen reduction catalysts	99
Burden of the global energy price crisis on households	99
Modulating crystal growth of formamidinium–caesium perovskites for over 200 cm2 photovoltaic sub-modules	99
Advances and challenges in understanding the microscopic structure–property–performance relationship in perovskite solar cells	97
Reversible hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formic acid using a Mn-pincer complex in the presence of lysine	95
Hydrogen production via microwave-induced water splitting at low temperature	91
Spectroscopic insights into high defect tolerance of Zn:CuInSe2 quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells	91
A silicon carbide-based highly transparent passivating contact for crystalline silicon solar cells approaching efficiencies of 24%	90
Investigation and mitigation of degradation mechanisms in Cu2O photoelectrodes for CO2 reduction to ethylene	90
Breaking the hard-to-abate bottleneck in China’s path to carbon neutrality with clean hydrogen	89
Control of the phase evolution of kesterite by tuning of the selenium partial pressure for solar cells with 13.8% certified efficiency	89
2D/3D heterojunction engineering at the buried interface towards high-performance inverted methylammonium-free perovskite solar cells	88
Surface in situ reconstruction of inorganic perovskite films enabling long carrier lifetimes and solar cells with 21% efficiency	87
Bifunctional ionomers for efficient co-electrolysis of CO2 and pure water towards ethylene production at industrial-scale current densities	87
Understanding environmental trade-offs and resource demand of direct air capture technologies through comparative life-cycle assessment	86
From laboratory innovations to materials manufacturing for lithium-based batteries	85
LiMn2O4 spinel and substituted cathodes	82
Emissions benefits of electric vehicles in Uber and Lyft ride-hailing services	81
Polymer inhibitors enable >900 cm2 dynamic windows based on reversible metal electrodeposition with high solar modulation	81

Electrode potential influences the reversibility of lithium-metal anodes	80
Symmetry-breaking design of an organic iron complex catholyte for a long cyclability aqueous organic redox flow battery	79
Ti1–graphene single-atom material for improved energy level alignment in perovskite solar cells	79
Semi-solid alkali metal electrodes enabling high critical current densities in solid electrolyte batteries	78
Layered lithium cobalt oxide cathodes	77
Transportation emissions scenarios for New York City under different carbon intensities of electricity and electric vehicle adoption rates	77
The expansion of natural gas infrastructure puts energy transitions at risk	76
Inorganic wide-bandgap perovskite subcells with dipole bridge for all-perovskite tandems	76
Energy access is needed to maintain health during pandemics	75
The impact of policies and business models on income equity in rooftop solar adoption	74
Author Correction: Implications of intercontinental renewable electricity trade for energy systems and emissions	73
Non-topotactic reactions enable high rate capability in Li-rich cathode materials	72
Li4Ti5O12 spinel anodes	72
Elastocaloric heat pump with specific cooling power of 20.9 W g–1 exploiting snap-through instability and strain-induced crystallization	71
Heteropoly acid negolytes for high-power-density aqueous redox flow batteries at low temperatures	71
In situ growth of graphene on both sides of a Cu–Ni alloy electrode for perovskite solar cells with improved stability	71
Integration of two-dimensional materials-based perovskite solar panels into a stand-alone solar farm	71
Opportunities for moderate-range electric vehicles using sustainable sodium-ion batteries	71
High-speed sequential deposition of photoactive layers for organic solar cell manufacturing	70
Protonated phosphonic acid electrodes for high power heavy-duty vehicle fuel cells	70
Ambient-pressure and low-temperature upgrading of lignin bio-oil to hydrocarbons using a hydrogen buffer catalytic system	69
A multi-country meta-analysis on the role of behavioural change in reducing energy consumption and CO2 emissions in residential buildings	69
Layered Li–Ni–Mn–Co oxide cathodes	69
Magnetic-field-oriented mixed-valence-stabilized ferrocenium anion-exchange membranes for fuel cells	68
Heavy-duty truck electrification and the impacts of depot charging on electricity distribution systems	67
Cyanobacterial in vivo solar hydrogen production using a photosystem I–hydrogenase (PsaD-HoxYH) fusion complex	66
Stalling oxygen evolution in high-voltage cathodes by lanthurization	66
A combined ionic Lewis acid descriptor and machine-learning approach to prediction of efficient oxygen reduction electrodes for ceramic fuel cells	66
Continuous CO2 electrolysis using a CO2 exsolution-induced flow cell	66
Scalable two-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar modules with a 19.1% efficiency	66
Fire-extinguishing, recyclable liquefied gas electrolytes for temperature-resilient lithium-metal batteries	65
Ethanol-based green-solution processing of α-formamidinium lead triiodide perovskite layers	64
A systemic approach to mapping participation with low-carbon energy transitions	64
Unveiling microscopic carrier loss mechanisms in 12% efficient Cu2ZnSnSe4 solar cells	63
A global assessment of extreme wind speeds for wind energy applications	63
Extending energy system modelling to include extreme weather risks and application to hurricane events in Puerto Rico	62
A machine-learning approach to predicting Africa’s electricity mix based on planned power plants and their chances of success	62
Toxic potency-adjusted control of air pollution for solid fuel combustion	62
Origin and regulation of oxygen redox instability in high-voltage battery cathodes	61
High power and energy density dynamic phase change materials using pressure-enhanced close contact melting	61
Bifunctional hole-shuttle molecule for improved interfacial energy level alignment and defect passivation in perovskite solar cells	61
Role of the social factors in success of solar photovoltaic reuse and recycle programmes	59
Charging infrastructure access and operation to reduce the grid impacts of deep electric vehicle adoption	59
Redox-neutral electrochemical conversion of CO2 to dimethyl carbonate	58
The cost of debt of renewable and non-renewable energy firms	58
Growing single-crystalline seeds on lithiophobic substrates to enable fast-charging lithium-metal batteries	58
Understanding discontinuance among California’s electric vehicle owners	57
Inequitable access to distributed energy resources due to grid infrastructure limits in California	57
Co-deposition of hole-selective contact and absorber for improving the processability of perovskite solar cells	57
Stabilization of 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures via inhibition of ion diffusion by cross-linked polymers for solar cells with improved performance	56
Techno-economic analysis of renewable fuels for ships carrying bulk cargo in Europe	56
Assessing the feasibility of carbon dioxide mitigation options in terms of energy usage	56
Machine learning model to project the impact of COVID-19 on US motor gasoline demand	55
Hydrogel protection strategy to stabilize water-splitting photoelectrodes	55
Identification of embedded nanotwins at c-Si/a-Si:H interface limiting the performance of high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells	54
Energy demand reduction options for meeting national zero-emission targets in the United Kingdom	54
Heating up the global heat pump market	53
Linking solar and wind power in eastern Africa with operation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam	52
Efficient monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar modules with small cell-to-module derate	52
Integration of prosumer peer-to-peer trading decisions into energy community modelling	51
Light-induced activation of boron doping in hydrogenated amorphous silicon for over 25% efficiency silicon solar cells	51
Direct seawater electrolysis by adjusting the local reaction environment of a catalyst	51
Collective wind farm operation based on a predictive model increases utility-scale energy production	51
Climate mitigation scenarios with persistent COVID-19-related energy demand changes	50
Energy- and carbon-efficient CO2/CO electrolysis to multicarbon products via asymmetric ion migration–adsorption	49
The interaction of descriptive and injunctive social norms in promoting energy conservation	49
A donor–acceptor-type hole-selective contact reducing non-radiative recombination losses in both subcells towards efficient all-perovskite tandems	49
Reduction of bulk and surface defects in inverted methylammonium- and bromide-free formamidinium perovskite solar cells	49
Economic, environmental and grid-resilience benefits of converting diesel trains to battery-electric	48
Designing an asymmetric ether-like lithium salt to enable fast-cycling high-energy lithium metal batteries	48
Internal quantum efficiency higher than 100% achieved by combining doping and quantum effects for photocatalytic overall water splitting	47
Hard-carbon-stabilized Li–Si anodes for high-performance all-solid-state Li-ion batteries	45
A blockchain consensus mechanism that uses Proof of Solution to optimize energy dispatch and trading	45
A global analysis of the progress and failure of electric utilities to adapt their portfolios of power-generation assets to the energy transition	45
Integration of theory and experiment in the modelling of heterogeneous electrocatalysis	44
Formation of hierarchically ordered structures in conductive polymers to enhance the performances of lithium-ion batteries	44
Engineering relaxors by entropy for high energy storage performance	43
Highly transparent silanized cellulose aerogels for boosting energy efficiency of glazing in buildings	43
Unlocking cell chemistry evolution with operando fibre optic infrared spectroscopy in commercial Na(Li)-ion batteries	43
Stylized least-cost analysis of flexible nuclear power in deeply decarbonized electricity systems considering wind and solar resources worldwide	43
Increase in household energy consumption due to ambient air pollution	42
Critical interphase overpotential as a lithium dendrite-suppression criterion for all-solid-state lithium battery design	42
High-throughput analysis of the ideality factor to evaluate the outdoor performance of perovskite solar minimodules	42
A salt-philic, solvent-phobic interfacial coating design for lithium metal electrodes	42
Global trends in the invention and diffusion of climate change mitigation technologies	41
Nuclear power and renewable energy are both associated with national decarbonization	41
Grooved electrodes for high-power-density fuel cells	40
Using ammonia as a shipping fuel could disturb the nitrogen cycle	39
Marking the decarbonization revolutions	39
Personal vehicle electrification and charging solutions for high-energy days	39
Quantification of reversible and irreversible lithium in practical lithium-metal batteries	39
Multifaceted drivers for onshore wind energy repowering and their implications for energy transition	39
The predicted persistence of cobalt in lithium-ion batteries	39
Understanding what limits the voltage of polycrystalline CdSeTe solar cells	38
Rapid battery cost declines accelerate the prospects of all-electric interregional container shipping	38