Applied Sciences-Basel

Article	Citations
IoT Privacy and Security: Challenges and Solutions	317
Transfer Learning with Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Pneumonia Detection Using Chest X-ray	316
The Impact of Drought in Plant Metabolism: How to Exploit Tolerance Mechanisms to Increase Crop Production	287
Diversity of Synthetic Dyes from Textile Industries, Discharge Impacts and Treatment Methods	269
Advances in Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Review of Common Processes, Industrial Applications, and Current Challenges	261
Observation of Potential Contaminants in Processed Biomass Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy	257
Value-Oriented and Ethical Technology Engineering in Industry 5.0: A Human-Centric Perspective for the Design of the Factory of the Future	241
Gold Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy	216
Design and Optimization of Lattice Structures: A Review	215
Peak Fitting Applied to Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Proteins	212
Preparation and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Sambucus ebulus	211
Current Challenges and Future Opportunities for XAI in Machine Learning-Based Clinical Decision Support Systems: A Systematic Review	205
Blockchain in Agriculture Traceability Systems: A Review	204
Bi-LSTM Model to Increase Accuracy in Text Classification: Combining Word2vec CNN and Attention Mechanism	198
Biochar for Wastewater Treatment—Conversion Technologies and Applications	198
A Review of the Water Desalination Technologies	193
A Review of the Artificial Neural Network Models for Water Quality Prediction	184
A Review of Convolutional Neural Network Applied to Fruit Image Processing	182
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition: A Survey	181
Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Structures, Synthesis, Magnetic Properties, Surface Functionalization, and Emerging Applications	172
Consumer Acceptance of Cultured Meat: An Updated Review (2018–2020)	165
Industry 4.0 Technologies for Manufacturing Sustainability: A Systematic Review and Future Research Directions	160
A Comparative Study of Random Forest and Genetic Engineering Programming for the Prediction of Compressive Strength of High Strength Concrete (HSC)	153
A Novel K-Means Clustering Algorithm with a Noise Algorithm for Capturing Urban Hotspots	150
How to Promote User Purchase in Metaverse? A Systematic Literature Review on Consumer Behavior Research and Virtual Commerce Application Design	147

Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition Based on Deep Learning YOLOv3 Model	146
IoT-Enabled Smart Cities: A Review of Concepts, Frameworks and Key Technologies	140
Towards a Better Understanding of Transfer Learning for Medical Imaging: A Case Study	139
Phosphogypsum Recycling: A Review of Environmental Issues, Current Trends, and Prospects	139
Predicting Student Performance Using Data Mining and Learning Analytics Techniques: A Systematic Literature Review	137
Recommendation Systems: Algorithms, Challenges, Metrics, and Business Opportunities	135
Impact of Dataset Size on Classification Performance: An Empirical Evaluation in the Medical Domain	133
DeepSOCIAL: Social Distancing Monitoring and Infection Risk Assessment in COVID-19 Pandemic	131
IoT-Enabled Smart Agriculture: Architecture, Applications, and Challenges	130
Sentence Representation Method Based on Multi-Layer Semantic Network	130
Sustainability in the Circular Economy: Insights and Dynamics of Designing Circular Business Models	128
ChatGPT for Education and Research: Opportunities, Threats, and Strategies	126
An Overview of Variants and Advancements of PSO Algorithm	124
Deep Learning System for COVID-19 Diagnosis Aid Using X-ray Pulmonary Images	124
Can We Use Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa (FAPROTAX) to Assign the Ecological Functions of Soil Bacteria?	122
Levels and Changes of Physical Activity in Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Contextualizing Urban vs. Rural Living Environment	122
Lignin to Materials: A Focused Review on Recent Novel Lignin Applications	119
Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Potential Use in Nanomedicine	119
Voice Pathology Detection and Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network Model	117
Effect of Temperatures on Polyphenols during Extraction	115
Digital Twin and Web-Based Virtual Gaming Technologies for Online Education: A Case of Construction Management and Engineering	114
The Use of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria in the Improvement of Agricultural Practices: A Review on Their Biofertilising, Biostimulating and Biopesticide Roles	112
COVID-19: A Comparison of Time Series Methods to Forecast Percentage of Active Cases per Population	111
Photodynamic Therapy—An Up-to-Date Review	110
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AISI 316L Produced by Directed Energy Deposition-Based Additive Manufacturing: A Review	110
Review on Corrosion Inhibitors for Oil and Gas Corrosion Issues	108
Applications of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Technology in Medicine, Agriculture and Food Industry	108
Oil Press-Cakes and Meals Valorization through Circular Economy Approaches: A Review	106
Surface Defect Detection Methods for Industrial Products: A Review	105
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: A Review of Challenges and Applications	104
A Survey of Machine Learning Models in Renewable Energy Predictions	104
A Few Shot Classification Methods Based on Multiscale Relational Networks	103
Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling on Tweets about Online Education during COVID-19	103
Recent Advancements in Non-Destructive Testing Techniques for Structural Health Monitoring	103
A Spring Search Algorithm Applied to Engineering Optimization Problems	101
Literature Review of Digital Twins Applications in Construction Workforce Safety	100
Digital Twin and Internet of Things—Current Standards Landscape	99
A Deep Fusion Matching Network Semantic Reasoning Model	99
A Systematic Review of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Terms of Different Application Domains and Tasks	99
The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Mitigating Plant’s Environmental Stresses	98
Applications of Pulsed Light Decontamination Technology in Food Processing: An Overview	98
Predicting Student Performance in Higher Educational Institutions Using Video Learning Analytics and Data Mining Techniques	98
A Comprehensive Survey of the Harmony Search Algorithm in Clustering Applications	98
Accelerating Detection of Lung Pathologies with Explainable Ultrasound Image Analysis	97
A Novel Advancing Signal Processing Method Based on Coupled Multi-Stable Stochastic Resonance for Fault Detection	97
Review on Silver Nanoparticles as a Novel Class of Antibacterial Solutions	96
A Comprehensive Survey of the Recent Studies with UAV for Precision Agriculture in Open Fields and Greenhouses	96
Digital Twin and Virtual Reality Based Methodology for Multi-Robot Manufacturing Cell Commissioning	96
Trends in Biodiesel Production from Animal Fat Waste	96
Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Mentha Spicata Extract Induce Plant Systemic Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic Virus	96

Crypto Collectibles, Museum Funding and OpenGLAM: Challenges, Opportunities and the Potential of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs)	94
A Systematic Review of Gluten-Free Dough and Bread: Dough Rheology, Bread Characteristics, and Improvement Strategies	94
Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Conducting Polymers: A Review	93
Deep Learning for Optic Disc Segmentation and Glaucoma Diagnosis on Retinal Images	92
A Review on Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robots	91
The Perspective of Large-Scale Production of Algae Biodiesel	91
Variable Compliance Control for Robotic Peg-in-Hole Assembly: A Deep-Reinforcement-Learning Approach	90
Applications of Magnesium and Its Alloys: A Review	89
Brain Tumor Analysis Using Deep Learning and VGG-16 Ensembling Learning Approaches	89
UWB Indoor Localization Using Deep Learning LSTM Networks	89
Biogenic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterisation and Applications	88
Antibacterial Activity of TiO2 Nanoparticles Prepared by One-Step Laser Ablation in Liquid	88
The Current State of Research of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM): A Review	88
Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Greenhouse Technology and Overview for Smart Agriculture Development	87
Hybrid Malware Classification Method Using Segmentation-Based Fractal Texture Analysis and Deep Convolution Neural Network Features	87
Recent Developments in Lignin- and Tannin-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Resins for Wood Adhesives—A Review	86
Digital Twin for Supply Chain Coordination in Modular Construction	86
Mobile Learning Technologies for Education: Benefits and Pending Issues	86
Sentiment Analysis of Students’ Feedback with NLP and Deep Learning: A Systematic Mapping Study	85
Review of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarm Communication Architectures and Routing Protocols	85
A Customized VGG19 Network with Concatenation of Deep and Handcrafted Features for Brain Tumor Detection	85
Virtual Reality in Museums: Exploring the Experiences of Museum Professionals	85
Virtual Reality Metaverse System Supplementing Remote Education Methods: Based on Aircraft Maintenance Simulation	84
A Review on Vibration-Based Condition Monitoring of Rotating Machinery	83
Robust Design Optimization and Emerging Technologies for Electrical Machines: Challenges and Open Problems	83
A New Concept of Digital Twin Supporting Optimization and Resilience of Factories of the Future	82
Improvement of an Online Education Model with the Integration of Machine Learning and Data Analysis in an LMS	82
Augmented Reality: A Systematic Review of Its Benefits and Challenges in E-learning Contexts	82
Artificial Intelligence Evolution in Smart Buildings for Energy Efficiency	82
Performance Evaluation of a Proposed Machine Learning Model for Chronic Disease Datasets Using an Integrated Attribute Evaluator and an Improved Decision Tree Classifier	82
Stochastic Recognition of Physical Activity and Healthcare Using Tri-Axial Inertial Wearable Sensors	81
Investigations of Object Detection in Images/Videos Using Various Deep Learning Techniques and Embedded Platforms—A Comprehensive Review	81
Smart Industrial Robot Control Trends, Challenges and Opportunities within Manufacturing	79
Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection Systems in IoT Using Deep Learning: A Systematic Literature Review	79
Electroencephalography (EEG) Technology Applications and Available Devices	79
Extensive Benchmarking of DFT+U Calculations for Predicting Band Gaps	79
Systematic Literature Review of Challenges in Blockchain Scalability	78
On Predictive Maintenance in Industry 4.0: Overview, Models, and Challenges	78
Automatic Detection System of Deteriorated PV Modules Using Drone with Thermal Camera	77
BIM-Based Digital Twin and XR Devices to Improve Maintenance Procedures in Smart Buildings: A Literature Review	77
A Comprehensive Assessment of XGBoost Algorithm for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in the Upper Basin of Ataturk Dam, Turkey	77
Applications of Digital Twin across Industries: A Review	77
A Review of Recent Developments and Advances in Eco-Friendly Geopolymer Concrete	76
Recent Progress in Applications of Non-Thermal Plasma for Water Purification, Bio-Sterilization, and Decontamination	76
3D Printing in COVID-19: Productivity Estimation of the Most Promising Open Source Solutions in Emergency Situations	76
Review of Microsoft HoloLens Applications over the Past Five Years	76
Micro-LED as a Promising Candidate for High-Speed Visible Light Communication	75
Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Coatings: Classification, Properties, and Applications	75
How to Correctly Detect Face-Masks for COVID-19 from Visual Information?	75
Long Short-Term Memory Network-Based Metaheuristic for Effective Electric Energy Consumption Prediction	75
Optimization of the Synthesis of Fungus-Mediated Bi-Metallic Ag-Cu Nanoparticles	75
Improved YOLOv5: Efficient Object Detection Using Drone Images under Various Conditions	74
2D/3D Multimode Medical Image Registration Based on Normalized Cross-Correlation	74
A New Method of Inland Water Ship Trajectory Prediction Based on Long Short-Term Memory Network Optimized by Genetic Algorithm	74
A Review of Ensemble Learning Algorithms Used in Remote Sensing Applications	74
Review of V2X–IoT Standards and Frameworks for ITS Applications	74
Generic Digital Twin Architecture for Industrial Energy Systems	74
The Application of Virtual Reality in Engineering Education	74
Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Natural Sources and Agricultural By-Products	73
An Improved Algorithm of Drift Compensation for Olfactory Sensors	73
A Review on Recent Advancements of Graphene and Graphene-Related Materials in Biological Applications	73
Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Water by Adsorption and Advanced Oxidation Processes: State of the Art and Trends	73
Recent Developments on Hydrogen Production Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review with a Focus on Green-Electrolysis	72
Building Information Modelling and Internet of Things Integration for Facility Management—Literature Review and Future Needs	71
Prediction of Pile Bearing Capacity Using XGBoost Algorithm: Modeling and Performance Evaluation	71
Deep Eutectic Solvents: Are They Safe?	71
Augmented Reality Maintenance Assistant Using YOLOv5	71
Internet of Nonthermal Food Processing Technologies (IoNTP): Food Industry 4.0 and Sustainability	71
Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria Mitigating Soil Salinity Stress in Plants	70
Fractional-Order Controller for Course-Keeping of Underactuated Surface Vessels Based on Frequency Domain Specification and Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm	70
Performance Evaluation of Two Machine Learning Techniques in Heating and Cooling Loads Forecasting of Residential Buildings	70
Short-Term Forecasting of Photovoltaic Solar Power Production Using Variational Auto-Encoder Driven Deep Learning Approach	69
Review of Indoor Positioning: Radio Wave Technology	69
Technology Acceptance in Healthcare: A Systematic Review	69
Deep and Meaningful E-Learning with Social Virtual Reality Environments in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review	69
Yttrium Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesis: An Overview of Methods of Preparation and Biomedical Applications	68
Automated Detection of Sleep Stages Using Deep Learning Techniques: A Systematic Review of the Last Decade (2010–2020)	68
An Adapted Model of Cognitive Digital Twins for Building Lifecycle Management	68
A Survey on Change Detection and Time Series Analysis with Applications	67
A Survey on Robotic Technologies for Forest Firefighting: Applying Drone Swarms to Improve Firefighters’ Efficiency and Safety	67

Fertilization and Soil Microbial Community: A Review	67
Bearing Fault Classification of Induction Motors Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms	67
A Semi-Supervised Extreme Learning Machine Algorithm Based on the New Weighted Kernel for Machine Smell	67
A Review on the Advancements in the Field of Metal Complexes with Schiff Bases as Antiproliferative Agents	67
Augmented Reality and Gamification in Education: A Systematic Literature Review of Research, Applications, and Empirical Studies	67
Critical Perspective on Advanced Treatment Processes for Water and Wastewater: AOPs, ARPs, and AORPs	66
Optimal Harmonic Mitigation in Distribution Systems with Inverter Based Distributed Generation	66
Remediation of Metal/Metalloid-Polluted Soils: A Short Review	66
Sewage Sludge Hydrochar: An Option for Removal of Methylene Blue from Wastewater	66
Developing a Digital Twin and Digital Thread Framework for an ‘Industry 4.0’ Shipyard	65
Animal Protein Sources as a Substitute for Fishmeal in Aquaculture Diets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	65
COVID-XNet: A Custom Deep Learning System to Diagnose and Locate COVID-19 in Chest X-ray Images	65
Hybrid-Recursive Feature Elimination for Efficient Feature Selection	65
A Two-Stage Industrial Defect Detection Framework Based on Improved-YOLOv5 and Optimized-Inception-ResnetV2 Models	64
COVID-19 Vaccination Awareness and Aftermath: Public Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Data and Vaccinated Population Prediction in the USA	64
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Air Quality	64
Detection of Camellia oleifera Fruit in Complex Scenes by Using YOLOv7 and Data Augmentation	64
Plant Disease Detection Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network	64
Hybrid Metal/Polymer Filaments for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) to Print Metal Parts	64
LSTM and Bat-Based RUSBoost Approach for Electricity Theft Detection	64
Micro and Nano Plastics Distribution in Fish as Model Organisms: Histopathology, Blood Response and Bioaccumulation in Different Organs	64
Study on Accuracy Metrics for Evaluating the Predictions of Damage Locations in Deep Piles Using Artificial Neural Networks with Acoustic Emission Data	64
Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater and Its Implications for Drinking Water Quality and Human Health in Under-Developed Countries and Remote Communities—A Review	63
Development of 340-GHz Transceiver Front End Based on GaAs Monolithic Integration Technology for THz Active Imaging Array	63
Anomaly Detection Using Deep Neural Network for IoT Architecture	63
Review of Renewable Energy-Based Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles	63
Advances on Water Quality Detection by UV-Vis Spectroscopy	63
A Decision-Support Model for Additive Manufacturing Scheduling Using an Integrative Analytic Hierarchy Process and Multi-Objective Optimization	63
Detection of Cardiac Structural Abnormalities in Fetal Ultrasound Videos Using Deep Learning	63
A Systematic Review of Federated Learning in the Healthcare Area: From the Perspective of Data Properties and Applications	63
Mobile Robotics in Agricultural Operations: A Narrative Review on Planning Aspects	63
Application of Unconventional Seismic Attributes and Unsupervised Machine Learning for the Identification of Fault and Fracture Network	62
Is Digital Twin Technology Supporting Safety Management? A Bibliometric and Systematic Review	62
An Overview of Bioactive Flavonoids from Citrus Fruits	62
TTCNN: A Breast Cancer Detection and Classification towards Computer-Aided Diagnosis Using Digital Mammography in Early Stages	62
Inspection and Classification of Semiconductor Wafer Surface Defects Using CNN Deep Learning Networks	61
IoT Intrusion Detection Using Machine Learning with a Novel High Performing Feature Selection Method	61
2D/3D Multimode Medical Image Alignment Based on Spatial Histograms	61
Retinal Image Analysis for Diabetes-Based Eye Disease Detection Using Deep Learning	61
A Deep Learning Approach for Automatic Hate Speech Detection in the Saudi Twittersphere	61
Solving Partial Differential Equations Using Deep Learning and Physical Constraints	61
Decellularized Scaffolds for Skin Repair and Regeneration	61
Essential Oil Quality and Purity Evaluation via FT-IR Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition Techniques	60
Semantic Web and Knowledge Graphs for Industry 4.0	60
A Review of Video Object Detection: Datasets, Metrics and Methods	60
Review of Functionally Graded Thermal Sprayed Coatings	60
Extraction, Characterization, and Applications of Pectins from Plant By-Products	60
Classification and Predictions of Lung Diseases from Chest X-rays Using MobileNet V2	60
A Comparison of Power Quality Disturbance Detection and Classification Methods Using CNN, LSTM and CNN-LSTM	60
Chemometric Strategies for Spectroscopy-Based Food Authentication	60
A Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Anomaly Detection in IoT Data	60
Estimation of Risk to the Eco-Environment and Human Health of Using Heavy Metals in the Uttarakhand Himalaya, India	60
A Review of Explainable Deep Learning Cancer Detection Models in Medical Imaging	60
Study of Sea Fog Environment Polarization Transmission Characteristics	59
Agro-Nanotechnology as an Emerging Field: A Novel Sustainable Approach for Improving Plant Growth by Reducing Biotic Stress	59
Classification of Heart Sounds Using Convolutional Neural Network	59
Environmentally Friendly Anticorrosive Polymeric Coatings	59
Artificial Intelligence for Student Assessment: A Systematic Review	59
Forecasting the Spread of COVID-19 in Kuwait Using Compartmental and Logistic Regression Models	59
Deep Learning at the Mobile Edge: Opportunities for 5G Networks	58
Landslide Susceptibility Assessment by Using Convolutional Neural Network	58
Effects of Atmospheric-Pressure Cold Plasma Treatment on Deoxynivalenol Degradation, Quality Parameters, and Germination of Barley Grains	58
Data Protection and Privacy of the Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHTs)	58
Sound-Absorbing Composites with Rubber Crumb from Used Tires	58
Fundamentals of Building Deconstruction as a Circular Economy Strategy for the Reuse of Construction Materials	58
Identification of Epileptic EEG Signals Using Convolutional Neural Networks	58
Enhanced Artificial Neural Network with Harris Hawks Optimization for Predicting Scour Depth Downstream of Ski-Jump Spillway	58
Nanoencapsulation of Essential Oils as Natural Food Antimicrobial Agents: An Overview	58
Deep Data Assimilation: Integrating Deep Learning with Data Assimilation	58
4D Printing of Origami Structures for Minimally Invasive Surgeries Using Functional Scaffold	57
Copper Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Characterization, Physiology, Toxicity and Antimicrobial Applications	57
Ulvan, a Polysaccharide from Macroalga Ulva sp.: A Review of Chemistry, Biological Activities and Potential for Food and Biomedical Applications	57
Enhancing U-Net with Spatial-Channel Attention Gate for Abnormal Tissue Segmentation in Medical Imaging	57
Insulator Faults Detection in Aerial Images from High-Voltage Transmission Lines Based on Deep Learning Model	57
A Novel Machine Learning Approach Combined with Optimization Models for Eco-efficiency Evaluation	57
Integrated Optical Phased Arrays for Beam Forming and Steering	57
The Blockchain Oracle Problem in Decentralized Finance—A Multivocal Approach	57
Kinematics Model Optimization Algorithm for Six Degrees of Freedom Parallel Platform	57
A Framework for Fall Detection Based on OpenPose Skeleton and LSTM/GRU Models	56
Defining SMEs’ 4.0 Readiness Indicators	56
Neural Network Based Country Wise Risk Prediction of COVID-19	56
Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Flaxseed Extract and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities	56
Domiciliary Use of Chlorhexidine vs. Postbiotic Gels in Patients with Peri-Implant Mucositis: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial	56
Biomolecules from Microalgae and Cyanobacteria: Applications and Market Survey	56
IoT and Deep Learning Based Approach for Rapid Screening and Face Mask Detection for Infection Spread Control of COVID-19	56
Comparative Analysis of Low Discrepancy Sequence-Based Initialization Approaches Using Population-Based Algorithms for Solving the Global Optimization Problems	56
Industry 4.0 Roadmap: Implementation for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises	56
Hydrogen Energy Demand Growth Prediction and Assessment (2021–2050) Using a System Thinking and System Dynamics Approach	56
Brewer’s Spent Grains: Possibilities of Valorization, a Review	56
An Inspection Robot for Belt Conveyor Maintenance in Underground Mine—Infrared Thermography for Overheated Idlers Detection	55
An Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks for Audio Classification	55
Electric Vehicles: Benefits, Challenges, and Potential Solutions for Widespread Adaptation	55
The DEMO Water-Cooled Lead–Lithium Breeding Blanket: Design Status at the End of the Pre-Conceptual Design Phase	55
Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning Using Homomorphic Encryption	55
Intelligent Packaging for Real-Time Monitoring of Food-Quality: Current and Future Developments	55