National Science Review

Article	Citations
Neuro-symbolic approaches in artificial intelligence	343
Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator	266
Functional dissimilarity in mixed forests promotes stem radial growth by mitigating tree water deficit	259
Rapid and large-scale glycopeptide enrichment strategy based on chemical ligation	246
Agricultural ditches and stream networks are overlooked hotspots of carbon emissions	202
Reconstructing human history from ancient genomes: an interview with Nobel laureate Svante Pääbo	190
An energy harvester for all seasons	173
Ultra-sensitivity in reconstructed exceptional systems	172
Magnetic exchange interaction between unpaired π- and d-electrons in nanographene-metal coordination complexes	172
Alternating current electroluminescent fibers for textile displays	170
Unimodal productivity–biodiversity relationship along the gradient of multidimensional resources across Chinese grasslands	166
Half-quantized helical hinge currents in axion insulators	164
Ion channel-gated covalent organic framework membrane for sustainable lithium–sulfur batteries	151
Exploring the vacuum ultraviolet photochemistry of astrochemically important triatomic molecules	151
Aqueous iron-based redox flow batteries for large-scale energy storage	145
U-Th and U-Pb geochronology of Quaternary carbonates	141
Oral nano-antioxidants improve sleep by restoring intestinal barrier integrity and preventing systemic inflammation	137
Canine EEG helps human: cross-species and cross-modality epileptic seizure detection via multi-space alignment	129
From aspiration to implementation of the 30% solution	121
Genetic modification of Gγ subunit AT1 enhances salt-alkali tolerance in main graminaceous crops	121
North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation controlled by Gulf Stream fronts	116
Full-parameter omnidirectional transformation optical devices	115
Bioengineered therapeutic systems for improving antitumor immunity	113
AI enhances drug discovery and development	110
Advancing brain-inspired computing with hybrid neural networks	109

NEATmap: a high-efficiency deep learning approach for whole mouse brain neuronal activity trace mapping	109
Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on	104
Post-mortem tissue proteomics reveals the pathogenesis of multi-organ injuries of COVID-19	103
Mobility in China, 2020: a tale of four phases	103
Silvery fullerene in Ag102 nanosaucer	103
The phytochemical alkaloids orchestrate immunometabolism against viral infections	102
Deciphering failure paths in lithium metal anodes by electrochemical curve fingerprints	102
Deep learning can predict global earthquake-triggered landslides	101
Specifying floodwater characteristics in understanding human-mobility response: a comment to Tang et al.	99
Advancements in superconducting quantum computing	98
Sulfation modification of dopamine in brain regulates aggregative behavior of animals	98
Monitoring the delicate operations of surgical robots via ultra-sensitive ionic electronic skin	98
p–d orbital hybridization induced by transition metal atom sites for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries	94
Exoplanets, extraterrestrial life and beyond: an interview with Douglas Lin	93
Taking a broader view of Three Gorges Dam	92
The raising and westward expansion of central Tibet	92
Postcranial disparity of galeaspids and the evolution of swimming speeds in stem-gnathostomes	91
Massive lithospheric delamination in southeastern Tibet facilitating continental extrusion	90
Adjusting interlayer interactions and proton conduction pathways of 2D covalent organic frameworks through the rotaxane structures	86
Unusual metallic state in superconducting A15-type La4H23	83
Effective transport network driven by tortuosity gradient enables high-electrochem-active solid-state batteries	82
Global variations in critical drought thresholds that impact vegetation	81
Reconstructing interfacial manganese deposition for durable aqueous zinc–manganese batteries	80
Stretchable polymer composites with ultrahigh piezoelectric performance	80
Rollback, scissor-like closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and formation of an orocline: magmatic migration based on a large archive of age data	80
Reflections on DeepSeek's breakthrough	80
Machine Learning for Estimation and Control of Quantum Systems	79
Flexible multimaterial fibers in modern biomedical applications	78
Leaping plastic thermoelectrics through multi-heterojunction design	76
The piRNA size matters	75
Spin-polarized d-orbital filling in cobalt catalysts boosts solution-mediated Li-O2 batteries	75
A heat transfer model for liquid film boiling on micro-structured surfaces	72
Ternary superhydrides for high-temperature superconductivity at low pressures	72
A single-domain protein catenane of dihydrofolate reductase	71
On-demand engineerable visible spectrum by fine control of electrochemical reactions	71
Global decline in microbial-derived carbon stocks with climate warming and its future projections	70
Dual molecular bridges at perovskite heterointerfaces for efficient inverted solar cells	70
An octopamine-specific GRAB sensor reveals a monoamine relay circuitry that boosts aversive learning	69
Lithospheric strike-slip faulting in central Tibet since 35–32 Ma and implications for the incipient Asian extrusional tectonics	68
Investigating thermal properties of 2D non-layered material using a NEMS-based 2-DOF approach towards ultrahigh-performance bolometer	67
Mode water going round	66
Inner-shell electrons enable both high power and energy densities	66
Science battles viral diseases: a roundtable discussion with leading experts on COVID-19, hepatitis and AIDS	66
CMW-Net: an adaptive robust algorithm for sample selection and label correction	66
Elasticity meets topology	65
Synthesis of pyrimidines from dinitrogen and carbon	64
Photonic orbital angular momentum with controllable orientation	63
Global weirding at mass extinction horizons	62
Uncovering the secrets of hidden twists	61
Superscattering of water waves	60

Size controllable single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries	60
Time–frequency transfer over optical fiber	60
Two-dimensional ballistic transistors for advanced-node integrated circuits	58
Patterns and change rates of glacial lake water levels across High Mountain Asia	58
Superconducting ternary hydrides: progress and challenges	58
Hydrovoltaics brings a new solution in alternative energy: an interview with Prof. Wanlin Guo	58
Breaking Kasha's rule for photoswitchable reactive oxygen species generation in carbonylated carbon nitride	57
Monolithic integrated MXene supercapacitors may power future electronics	56
Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors	56
Cretaceous chewing-louse eggs on enantiornithine birds	56
Anomalous displacement reaction for synthesizing above-room-temperature and air-stable vdW ferromagnet PtTe2Ge1/3	55
Real-time tracking of ER turnover during ERLAD by a rhenium complex via lifetime imaging	55
Tandem electro-thermocatalytic system: redefining CO2 utilization efficiency in methane dry reforming	55
Conservation priorities for global marine biodiversity across multiple dimensions	54
Low-threshold anisotropic polychromatic emission from monodisperse quantum dots	53
Revisiting the mechanisms of mid-Tertiary uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau	53
Biocompatible zinc battery with programmable electro-cross-linked electrolyte	53
Triplet bismuthinidenes featuring unprecedented giant and positive zero field splittings	52
Syntropic spin alignment at the interface between ferromagnetic and superconducting nitrides	51
Sulfide Mineral-Driven Photon Upconversion Sustains Phototrophic Cyanobacteria at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents: A Reply to Mullineaux and Duffy's Chemolithoautotropic Hypothesis	51
Regulating the properties of XQ-2d for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to pancreatic cancers	51
Hydrogen-bonded organic framework for regulating pathogenic autoantigen and oxidative stress in psoriasis treatment	51
A Janus heteroatom-doped carbon electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation	51
First finding of coesite in the eclogitic continental crust of the Sesia Zone, Italian Western Alps	50
Automated literature research and review-generation method based on large language models	50
Combining cisplatin and a STING agonist into one molecule for metalloimmunotherapy of cancer	49
A bio-inspired microwave wireless system for constituting passive and maintenance-free IoT networks	49
Animating fossilized invertebrates by motion reconstruction	49
Layer-by-layer assembled 2D nanocomposites for extreme polarization optics	49
Bioprinting of inorganic-biomaterial/neural-stem-cell constructs for multiple tissue regeneration and functional recovery	49
Atmospheric inversions for carbon dioxide and methane at a national scale	49
Amplifiable protein identification via residue-resolved barcoding and composition code counting	48
Aromatic chloroosmacyclopentatrienes	48
Activatable red/near-infrared aqueous organic phosphorescence probes for improved time-resolved bioimaging	48
In-situ constructed Cu/CuNC interfaces for low-overpotential reduction of CO2 to ethanol	48
Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions	48
Frontiers in zeolites: towards establishing a new discipline of condensed matter chemistry—an interview with Ruren Xu	48
Brain developmental and cortical connectivity changes in transgenic monkeys carrying the human-specific duplicated gene SRGAP2C	47
Observation of dark edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum dynamics	47
Mantle plume trail beneath the ca. 1.1 Ga North American Midcontinent Rift revealed by magnetotelluric data	47
The smallest in the deepest: the enigmatic role of viruses in the deep biosphere	47
Beyond natural targets: chemical synthesis reprograms the target specificity of rapamycin	46
Chemical synthesis-based structure correction of a claimed protein-free antifreeze oligosaccharide	46
3D-architected acceptor affords efficient, stable and stretchable photovoltaics	46
Construction of nanocarriers based on nucleic acids and their applications in nanobiology delivery systems	46
China's top 10 breakthroughs in science and technology in 2024	46
On the topological surface states of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn-Bi-Te family	46
Nickle-cobalt alloy nanocrystals inhibit activation of inflammasomes	45
Acidic open-cage solution containing basic cage-confined nanospaces for multipurpose catalysis	45
Kondo scattering in underdoped Nd1−xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer superconducting thin films	45
Anthropogenic monoterpenes aggravating ozone pollution	45
Collective effects in an incompressible electronic liquid	44
Massive abiotic methane production in eclogite during cold subduction	44
A robotic AI-Chemist system for multi-modal AI-ready database	44
Graphene supremacy: the duo duo	44
Homo-harringtonine (HHT) is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2-A potential first-line defense in future coronavirus epidemics	44
Natural products are the treasure pool for antimalarial agents	43
High-stability spherical lanthanide nanoclusters for magnetic resonance imaging	43
Kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs)	43
High-entropy-alloy nanoparticles with 21 ultra-mixed elements for efficient photothermal conversion	43
Bayesian brain computing and the free-energy principle: an interview with Karl Friston	43
Data quantity governance for machine learning in materials science	42
An era of hyper-resolution land surface models: truth or dare?	42
Fate and carbon sequestration potential of sunken macroalgae in coastal oceans: From long-term microbial degradation perspective	42
Reversible biomass aerogels with flame retardancy and smart elasticity	41
Single-shot simultaneous intensity, phase and polarization imaging with metasurface	41
Mechanically robust bamboo node and its hierarchically fibrous structural design	41
A photon-controlled diode with a new signal-processing behavior	41
Black-hole-inspired thermal trapping with graded heat-conduction metadevices	41
Nanosecond-scale single-molecule reaction dynamics for scalable synthesis on a chip	41
Robotic mobile and mirror milling of large-scale complex structures	40
Microbes in mass extinction: an accomplice or a savior?	40
Bipolarized intrinsic faradaic layer on a semiconductor surface under illumination	39
H5N1 virus invades the mammary glands of dairy cattle through “mouth-to-teat” transmission	39
Deep brain–machine interfaces: sensing and modulating the human deep brain	39
Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ	39
Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large	39
Unveiling photophysical mechanisms of NIR-II AIE luminogens for multimodal imaging-navigated synergistic therapies	38
Achieving 500-GHz communication over 1.2 km using an astronomical telescope with a quantum-limited superconducting receiver	37
How can neuromorphic hardware attain brain-like functional capabilities?	37

Modularized viromimetic polymer nanoparticle vaccines (VPNVaxs) to elicit durable and effective humoral immune responses	37
3D micropattern force regulates stem cell function	37
Cuprate-like electronic structures in infinite-layer nickelates with substantial hole dopings	36
Harnessing spin effects for heterogeneous single-atom spin catalysis	36
Making chiral molecular knots and links stereospecifically	35
Spin effect on redox acceleration and regioselectivity in Fe-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation	35
China Land Carbon Budget (CLCB1.0): a comprehensive estimate of the land carbon budget in China	35
Towards rational design in electrochemical denitrification by analyzing pH dependence	35
Accelerated water harvesting from vapor via a bio-inspired hydrogel pattern	35
Conceptual transition from molecular to atomic: unleashing a new era in hydrogen therapy for chronic disease	35
Challenges and opportunities for modeling coupled human and natural systems	35
The greenhouse gas budget for China's terrestrial ecosystems	35
Semiconductor fibers for textile integrated electronic systems	35
The second polar body contributes to the fate asymmetry in the mouse embryo	34
The C: N: P stoichiometry in bryophytes: relationships with habitat, climate and growth form	34
Identification and semisynthesis of (−)-anisomelic acid as oral agent against SARS-CoV-2 in mice	34
Dynamic phenotypic heterogeneity and the evolution of multiple RNA subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma: the PLANET study	34
Radiocatalytic ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and water	34
Clouds buffer Arctic warming	34
Commentary on ‘Physics-informed deep learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations’ by Zhu et al.	33
Wet-spinning of carbon nanotube fibers: dispersion, processing and properties	33
Search of high-frequency variations of fundamental constants using spin-based quantum sensors	33
Extremely low lattice thermal conductivity in light-element solid materials	33
Photovoltage enhancement of M-series acceptor-based polymer solar cells and minimodules through the modulation of charge-transfer states	33
Fluorine-doped argyrodite sulfide electrolyte enables commercial LiCoO2 use for 4.6 V high-voltage all-solid-state batteries	33
Maximizing catalytic efficiency with bio-inspired hierarchical porous zeolites	33
Physics-informed deep-learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations	32
Uncover rock-climbing fish's secret of balancing tight adhesion and fast sliding for bioinspired robots	32
A K+-sensitive AND-gate dual-mode probe for simultaneous tumor imaging and malignancy identification	32
Bridging oxidase catalysis and oxygen reduction electrocatalysis by model single-atom catalysts	32
The decline in tropical land carbon sink drove high atmospheric CO2 growth rate in 2023	31
Simultaneous enhancement of efficiency, stability and stretchability in binary polymer solar cells with a three-dimensional aromatic-core tethered tetrameric acceptor	31
High-speed flexible near-infrared organic photodiode for optical communication	31
South Pole–Aitken massive impact 4.25 billion years ago revealed by Chang'e-6 samples	31
Bacteria-responsive programmed self-activating antibacterial hydrogel to remodel regeneration microenvironment for infected wound healing	30
Bright, photostable and long-circulating NIR-II nanoparticles for whole-process monitoring and evaluation of renal transplantation	30
Reliable perovskite indoor photovoltaics for self-powered devices	30
The twin-beginnings of COVID-19 in Asia and Europe—one prevails quickly	30
A >200 Wh kg−1 anode-free Na pouch battery at −40°C enabled by manipulating electrolyte equilibrium	30
Uncovering key salt-tolerant regulators through a combined eQTL and GWAS analysis using the super pan-genome in rice	30
Earth's core–mantle boundary shaped by the crystallization of a hydrous terrestrial magma ocean	29
Space telescope set to open a new chapter in China's solar research	29
Scattered seeding of CAR T cells in solid tumors augments anticancer efficacy	29
Emerging analytical methods to characterize zeolite-based materials	29
Integrated multi-omics characterization across clinically relevant subgroups of long COVID	29
The preface: Interplay of topological and magnetic orders in the Mn-Bi-Te family	29
Genomic evidence of lung carcinogenesis associated with coal smoke in Xuanwei area, China	29
SARS-CoV-2 keeps evolving, so must our research efforts	29
Correction to: Dual hydration of oceanic lithospher	29
Lightweight, highly tough and durable YBa2Cu3O7–x superconductor	28
Origin of sulfate in post-snowball-Earth oceans: river inputs vs. shelf-derived H2S	28
Role of self-assembled molecules in halide perovskite optoelectronics: an atomic-scale perspective	28
Ultrathin and capacity-tunable lithium metal wires for lithium-based fiber batteries	28
The temporal dynamics of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella enterica and predominant serovars in China	28
Pushing the boundaries: an interview with Dae-Hyun Kim on terahertz devices	28
The circadian clock orchestrates spermatogonial differentiation and fertilization by regulating retinoic acid signaling in vertebrates	28
Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China	28
AI-driven material discovery for energy, catalysis and sustainability	28
Electron-injection-engineering induced dual-phase MoO2.8F0.2/MoO2.4F0.6 heterostructure for magnesium storage	27
Scientific aspirations of the Chinese Space Station program: an interview with Ming Gao	27
Constrained future brightening of solar radiation and its implication for China's solar power	27
Hypermethylation in H3K9me3 regions characterizes the centenarian methylomes in healthy aging	27
Donor-acceptor engineering of a triplet-exciton-optimized MOF photocatalyst for efficient singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation	27
Wearable electronics	26
It is time to optimize forest management policy for both carbon sinks and wood harvest in China	26
Dynamic confinement of SAPO-17 cages on the selectivity control of syngas conversion	26
Intelligent gold nanocluster for effective treatment of malignant tumor via tumor-specific photothermal–chemodynamic therapy with AIE guidance	26
Non-hygroscopic ionogel-based humidity-insensitive iontronic sensor arrays for intra-articular pressure sensing	26
High-temperature superconductivity up to 223 K in the Al stabilized metastable hexagonal lanthanum superhydride	26
Robust and dynamic underwater adhesives enabled by catechol-functionalized poly(disulfides) network	26
Ferroelectric hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites and their structural and functional diversity	26
Correction to: A 3D Braincase of the Early Jawed Vertebrate Palaeospondylus from Australia	26
Lithium-plasmon-based low-powered dynamic color display	25
Black soldier fly: a new model for bioremediation of antibiotic pollutants	25
Dissipationless layertronics in axion insulator MnBi2Te4	25
A skin-inspired durable de-icing surface with boosting interfacial cracks	25
Methyl eugenol regulates mating behavior in oriental fruit flies by enhancing lek attractiveness	25
Re-examining the strangest early vertebrate	25
DNA palette code for time-series archival data storage	25
Leapfrogging Sycamore: harnessing 1432 GPUs for 7× faster quantum random circuit sampling	24
Competition for gradient-free tuning of large language models: approaches, results, current challenges and future directions	24
Carbon emission reduction in cement production catalyzed by steel solid waste	24
Spin chemistry in living systems	24
Integrative single-cell multiomics analyses dissect molecular signatures of intratumoral heterogeneities and differentiation states of human gastric cancer	24
Extended battery longevity with external lithium supply	24
Semisynthesis of homogeneous spike RBD glycoforms from SARS-CoV-2 for profiling the correlations between glycan composition and function	24
Skyrmions-based logic gates in one single nanotrack completely reconstructed via chirality barrier	24
Seismic evidence of liquid water at the base of Mars’ upper crust	24
Cutting-edge deep-learning based tools for metagenomic research	24
Anthropogenic emission is the main contributor to the rise of atmospheric methane during 1993–2017	24
High-resolution mapping of CH4/N2O emissions from industrialization-related anthropogenic sources in China	24
Lymph node-biomimetic scaffold boosts CAR-T therapy against solid tumor	24
How does Mei-yu precipitation respond to climate change?	23
Thermally drawn multi-material fibers: from fundamental research to industrial applications	23
Thermal annealing promoted room temperature phosphorescence: motion models and internal mechanism	23