Complex & Intelligent Systems

Article	Citations
A novel dynamic reference point model for preference-based evolutionary multiobjective optimization	555
RaiseAuth: a novel bio-behavioral authentication method based on ultra-low-complexity movement	264
HE-SNA: an efficient cross-platform network alignment scheme from privacy-aware perspective	163
Correction to: MDSTF: a multi-dimensional spatio-temporal feature fusion trajectory prediction model for autonomous driving	163
Towards computational awareness in autonomous robots: an empirical study of computational kernels	147
Evolutionary stability strategies of tacit collusion in supervised container terminals	105
Bi-preference linkage-driven artificial bee colony algorithm with multi-operator fusion	90
Correction to: Sleep-wakeup scheduling algorithm for lifespan maximization of directional sensor networks: a discrete cuckoo search optimization algorithm	86
A noise-constrained lightweight high-quality image hiding method based on invertible neural networks	78
Distributed ledger technologies in vehicular mobile edge computing: a survey	77
Joint entity and relation extraction combined with multi-module feature information enhancement	76
A UAV aerial image small object detection algorithm based on fine-grained feature preservation and multi-scale feature pyramid balancing	76
EMVAS: end-to-end multimodal emotion visualization analysis system	75
A novel mechanism-guided residual network for accurate modelling of scroll expander under noisy and sparse data conditions	71
Starnet-tex: lightweight real-time text detection via middle-order enhanced contextual attention	70
The algorithm for foggy weather target detection based on YOLOv5 in complex scenes	64
Bilateral network with rich semantic extractor for real-time semantic segmentation	64
A human learning optimization algorithm with competitive and cooperative learning	61
Research on knowledge tracing based on learner fatigue state	59
A parallel large-scale multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on two-space decomposition	58
EMExplorer: an episodic memory enhanced autonomous exploration strategy with Voronoi domain conversion and invalid action masking	57
An edge enhancement graph neural network model with node discrimination for knowledge graph representation learning	55
A practical type-3 Fuzzy control for mobile robots: predictive and Boltzmann-based learning	55
A bilateral context and filtering strategy-based approach to Chinese entity synonym set expansion	55
Adaptive integrated weight unsupervised multi-source domain adaptation without source data	55

Surrogate-assisted evolutionary neural architecture search with network embedding	54
Manet: motion-aware network for video action recognition	53
MKER: multi-modal knowledge extraction and reasoning for future event prediction	53
A joint multi-model machine learning prediction approach based on confidence for ship stability	50
Multi-colony ant optimization with dynamic collaborative mechanism and cooperative game	49
Decision algorithm with complex q-rung orthopair fuzzy power partitioned maclaurin symmetric mean operators for leather and footwear supplier evaluation	49
A comprehensive review of pedestrian re-identification based on deep learning	48
Infrared and visible image fusion network based on multistage progressive injection	47
A lightweight vision transformer with weighted global average pooling: implications for IoMT applications	46
A modified evolutionary reinforcement learning for multi-agent region protection with fewer defenders	46
A multi-layer composite identification scheme of cryptographic algorithm based on hybrid random forest and logistic regression model	46
Knowledge representation for explainable artificial intelligence	46
Deep learned vectors’ formation using auto-correlation, scaling, and derivations with CNN for complex and huge image retrieval	45
MSCADMpox: A novel multi-stage classification model for effective monkeypox classification	45
Using dual evolutionary search to construct decision tree based ensemble classifier	44
Reinforcement learning-enhanced adaptive sliding mode control for nonlinear systems	44
Representation learning of in-degree-based digraph with rich information	44
A competitive swarm optimizer with probabilistic criteria for many-objective optimization problems	44
A knee point-driven many-objective pigeon-inspired optimization algorithm	44
Multimodal multilevel attention for semi-supervised skeleton-based gesture recognition	43
T-LLaMA: a Tibetan large language model based on LLaMA2	41
Unleashing the power of pinyin: promoting Chinese named entity recognition with multiple embedding and attention	40
A generative model-based coevolutionary training framework for noise-tolerant softsensors in wastewater treatment processes	40
Efficient image blur detection via hierarchical edge guidance and region complementation	38
Identification of switched gated recurrent unit neural networks with a generalized Gaussian distribution	38
Correction to: Enhancing cyber defense strategies with discrete multi-dimensional Z-numbers: a multi-attribute decision-making approach	38
A single-frame infrared small target detection method based on joint feature guidance	38
GCN and GAT-based interpretable knowledge tracing model	37
Pseudo-supervised image clustering based on meta-features	37
Voice adaptation by color-encoded frame matching as a multi-objective optimization problem for future games	37
Complex networks after centrality-based attacks and defense	37
Accuracy is not enough: a heterogeneous ensemble model versus FGSM attack	36
Study on non-iterative algorithms for center-of-sets type-reduction of Takagi–Sugeno–Kang type general type-2 fuzzy logic systems	36
A DCRNN-based ensemble classifier for speech emotion recognition in Odia language	36
Decision-making methods based on fuzzy soft competition hypergraphs	36
Fedisp: an incremental subgradient-proximal-based ring-type architecture for decentralized federated learning	36
RL4CEP: reinforcement learning for updating CEP rules	35
Pose estimation algorithm based on point pair features using PointNet +  +	35
Modeling uncertainty in course selection using singular value decomposition-based energy measures within neutrosophic frameworks	35
TCANet: three-stream coordinate attention network for RGB-D indoor semantic segmentation	35
Tactical intent-driven autonomous air combat behavior generation method	35
Sleep-wakeup scheduling algorithm for lifespan maximization of directional sensor networks: a discrete cuckoo search optimization algorithm	35
Histone-Net: a multi-paradigm computational framework for histone occupancy and modification prediction	34
An integrated fuzzy credit rating model using fuzzy-BWM and new fuzzy-TOPSIS-Sort-C	34
Predicting conversion of Alzheimer’s disease based on multi-modal fusion of neuroimaging and genetic data	33
A special point-based transfer component analysis for dynamic multi-objective optimization	33
Picture fuzzy Additive Ratio Assessment Method (ARAS) and VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method for multi-attribute decision problem and their application	33
DCGNN: a single-stage 3D object detection network based on density clustering and graph neural network	33
A novel ensemble learning-based model for network intrusion detection	33
An instance-based deep transfer learning method for quality identification of Longjing tea from multiple geographical origins	33

A two-stage stacked-based heterogeneous ensemble learning for cancer survival prediction	33
Multi-constraint non-negative matrix factorization for community detection: orthogonal regular sparse constraint non-negative matrix factorization	33
STRNet: dual-branch synergistic network with interactive fusion for remote sensing semantic segmentation	32
Predicting traffic propagation flow in urban road network with multi-graph convolutional network	32
Lightweight dense video captioning with cross-modal attention and knowledge-enhanced unbiased scene graph	31
Enhancing multimodal fault diagnosis in mechanical systems via mixture of experts	31
Location-routing optimization of UAV collaborative blood delivery vehicle distribution on complex roads	30
Privacy-preserving time-varying formation control of multi-agent systems under multi-sensor multi-rate sampling mechanism	30
Deep learning based solder joint defect detection on industrial printed circuit board X-ray images	30
PCNet: a human pose compensation network based on incremental learning for sports actions estimation	30
Emulation-based adaptive differential evolution: fast and auto-tunable approach for moderately expensive optimization problems	29
A semi-supervised learning technique assisted multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for computationally expensive problems	29
A spatial–spectral adaptive learning model for textile defect images recognition with few labeled data	29
Lightweight camouflaged object detection model based on multilevel feature fusion	29
MGASM-Net: morphology-guided multi-task learning network with anatomic spatial mamba for 3D airway segmentation	29
A nonrevisiting genetic algorithm based on multi-region guided search strategy	29
Relieving popularity bias in recommendation via debiasing representation enhancement	29
Progressive multi-subspace fusion for text-image matching	29
MFA-Deeplabv3+: an improved lightweight semantic segmentation algorithm based on Deeplabv3+	28
A multi-intent-aware recommendation algorithm based on interactive graph convolutional networks	28
Named entity recognition for chinese scientific literature based on adversarial training and dual-masked global pointer	28
Correction to: Fractals in Sb-metric spaces	28
Graph-based multi-attribute decision-making method with new fuzzy information measures	28
Mining label-free consistency regularization for noisy facial expression recognition	27
Reliability aware green workflow scheduling using ε-fuzzy dominance in cloud	27
Online optimal tracking control of unknown nonlinear singularly perturbed systems using single network adaptive critic with improved learning	27
Feature gene selection based on fuzzy neighborhood joint entropy	27
Comprehensive comparisons of gradient-based multi-label adversarial attacks	27
Construction and transformation method of 3D models based on the chain-type modular structure	27
An oversampling algorithm of multi-label data based on cluster-specific samples and fuzzy rough set theory	26
An accurate star identification approach based on spectral graph matching for attitude measurement of spacecraft	26
Truncated variable algorithm using DUS-neutrosophic Weibull distribution	26
Adaptive temporal-difference learning via deep neural network function approximation: a non-asymptotic analysis	25
Attention-aware upsampling-downsampling network for autonomous vehicle vision-based multitask perception	25
IoT-assisted physical education training network virtualization and resource management using a deep reinforcement learning system	25
Causal discovery and fault diagnosis based on mixed data types for system reliability modeling	25
MCPA: multi-scale cross perceptron attention network for 2D medical image segmentation	25
Dual-drive collaboration surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithm by coupling feature reduction and reconstruction	25
End-to-end human inspired learning based system for dynamic obstacle avoidance	25
Multiobjective multitasking optimization assisted by multidirectional prediction method	25
Multi-UAV pursuit-evasion gaming based on PSO-M3DDPG schemes	25
Comparative study of typical neural solvers in solving math word problems	24
Prototype as query for few shot semantic segmentation	24
Content-adaptive image compression and encryption via optimized compressive sensing with double random phase encoding driven by chaos	24
Green road–rail intermodal routing problem with improved pickup and delivery services integrating truck departure time planning under uncertainty: an interactive fuzzy programming approach	23
Yager aggregation operators based on complex interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy information and their application in decision making	23
Three-way decision based on ITARA and public weights DEA under picture fuzzy environment and its application in new energy vehicles selection	23
Cyberbullying detection using deep transfer learning	23
CPP: a path planning method taking into account obstacle shadow hiding	23
Energy-based open set domain adaptation with dynamic weighted synergistic mechanism	22
Quantitative estimation method for complex part surface defects based on multimodal information fusion	22
Person identification from arm’s hair patterns using CT-twofold Siamese network in forensic psychiatric hospitals	22
Hierarchical reinforcement learning based on macro actions	22
Cooperative path planning optimization for ship-drone delivery in maritime supply operations	22
Automatic algorithm design of distributed hybrid flowshop scheduling with consistent sublots	22
Global semantics correlation transmitting and learning for sketch-based cross-domain visual retrieval	21
Threat analysis for space information network based on network security attributes: a review	21
Transfer learning for linear regression with differential privacy	21
Visual sentiment analysis with semantic correlation enhancement	21
A multi-task learning-based generative adversarial network for red tide multivariate time series imputation	20
Feature selection based on self-information and entropy measures for incomplete neighborhood decision systems	20
PURE: a Prompt-based framework with dynamic Update mechanism for educational Relation Extraction	20
Knowledge distillation based on projector integration and classifier sharing	20
A federated learning algorithm using parallel-ensemble method on non-IID datasets	20
Social network analysis and consensus reaching process-driven group decision making method with distributed linguistic information	20
LVIF: a lightweight tightly coupled stereo-inertial SLAM with fisheye camera	20
Mf-net: multi-feature fusion network based on two-stream extraction and multi-scale enhancement for face forgery detection	20
An integrated differential evolution of multi-population based on contribution degree	19
Multi-level contrastive learning for exploring graphs with higher-order dependencies in sequential data	19
MSEIGDNet: a muti-scale edge information generation and diffusion network for UAV aerial images	19
Self-organized multi-target trapping of swarm robots with density-based interaction	19
A novel knowledge distillation framework for enhancing small object detection in blurry environments with unmanned aerial vehicle-assisted images	19
A novel image cryptosystem using Gray code, quantum walks, and Henon map for cloud applications	19
A deep learning method DCWR with HANet for stock market prediction using news articles	19
Information coevolution spreading model and simulation based on self-organizing multi-agents	19
Multi-objective non-linear programming problem with rough interval parameters: an application in municipal solid waste management	19
An end-to-end hand action recognition framework based on cross-time mechanomyography signals	19
OMSF2: optimizing multi-scale feature fusion learning for pneumoconiosis staging diagnosis through data specificity augmentation	19
Assessment of regional economic restorability under the stress of COVID-19 using the new interval type-2 fuzzy ORESTE method	19
Advancing sustainable electricity markets: evolutionary game theory as a framework for complex systems optimization and adaptive policy design	19

Reducing hallucinations of large language models via hierarchical semantic piece	19
A real-time semantic visual SLAM for dynamic environment based on deep learning and dynamic probabilistic propagation	19
A review of state-of-the-art techniques for large language model compression	18
APDL: an adaptive step size method for white-box adversarial attacks	18
A blockchain-based hybrid encryption technique with anti-quantum signature for securing electronic health records	18
Deep weighted survival neural networks to survival risk prediction	18
A three-stage cross-project defect prediction framework based on feature representation and knowledge transfer	18
A hierarchical multi-agent allocation-action learning framework for multi-subtask games	18
Covering-based $$(\alpha , \beta )$$-multi-granulation bipolar fuzzy rough set model under bipolar fuzzy preference relation with decision-making applications	18
Surrogate-assisted sine Phasmatodea population evolution algorithm applied to 3D coverage of mobile nodes	18
Evolutionary game dynamics of multi-agent systems using local information considering hide right	18
Computer vision-based hand gesture recognition for human-robot interaction: a review	18
Enhancing context representations with part-of-speech information and neighboring signals for question classification	18
Probabilistic prediction with locally weighted jackknife predictive system	18
Efficient structural pseudoinverse learning-based hierarchical representation learning for skin lesion classification	18
GraphMriNet: a few-shot brain tumor MRI image classification model based on Prewitt operator and graph isomorphic network	18
Generalized spatial–temporal regression graph convolutional transformer for traffic forecasting	18
Maximal sparse convex surrogate-assisted evolutionary convolutional neural architecture search for image segmentation	18
DBSQFusion: a multimodal image fusion method based on dual-channel attention	18
Cl2sum: abstractive summarization via contrastive prompt constructed by LLMs hallucination	18
Fuzzy graphs and their applications in finding the best route, dominant node and influence index in a network under the hesitant bipolar-valued fuzzy environment	17
State information-driven surrogate-assisted differential evolution for computationally expensive constrained optimization problems	17
DepthRL: a weakly supervised approach for monocular depth estimation using deep reinforcement learning	17
Deep semantic-dependence proxy hashing with global and spatial informative embedding for multi-label remote sensing image retrieval	17
Dual medical image watermarking using SRU-enhanced network and EICC chaotic map	17
WTI-SLAM: a novel thermal infrared visual SLAM algorithm for weak texture thermal infrared images	17
Life prediction and health assessment of aero-engine gas path using digital twin and deep learning	17
Document-level relation extraction based on sememe knowledge-enhanced abstract meaning representation and reasoning	17
A novel displacement accurate tracking algorithm to improve the effectiveness of SASC pneumatic system in practical applications	17
Lifetime prolongation of a wireless charging sensor network using a mobile robot via linear Diophantine fuzzy graph environment	17
Light-YOLO: a lightweight detection algorithm based on multi-scale feature enhancement for infrared small ship target	17
AGF-Net: adaptive global feature fusion network for road extraction from remote-sensing images	17
Distribution matching and structure preservation for domain adaptation	16
Distributed tracking control of structural balance for complex dynamical networks based on the coupling targets of nodes and links	16
Unravelling the complexities of depression with medical intelligence: exploring the interplay of genetics, hormones, and brain function	16
Situational diversity in video person re-identification: introducing MSA-BUPT dataset	16
Rethinking ResNets: improved stacking strategies with high-order schemes for image classification	16
Authorization schemes for internet of things: requirements, weaknesses, future challenges and trends	16
MSM-TDE: multi-scale semantics mining and tiny details enhancement network for retinal vessel segmentation	16
Multimodal transportation routing optimization based on multi-objective Q-learning under time uncertainty	16
VLA-Grasp: a vision-language-action modeling with cross-modality fusion for task-oriented grasping	16
Edge-centric optimization: a novel strategy for minimizing information loss in graph-to-text generation	16
Evaluation of public bus transport service quality based on circular Pythagorean fuzzy soft Einstein aggregation operators	16
Solving puzzles using knowledge-based automation: biomimicry of human solvers	16
Deep matrix factorization via feature subspace transfer for recommendation system	15
Self-selective receptive field network for person re-identification	15
Auto-weighted multiple kernel tensor clustering	15
Learning to solving vehicle routing problems via local–global feature fusion transformer	15
Customized influence maximization in attributed social networks: heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms	15
Mape: defending against transferable adversarial attacks using multi-source adversarial perturbations elimination	15
A novel approach to Fuzzy mixed graph structure with application towards trade relations between countries	15
ESS MS-G3D: extension and supplement shift MS-G3D network for the assessment of severe mental retardation	15
Short-term origin–destination flow prediction for urban rail network: a deep learning method based on multi-source big data	15
Negation of permutation mass function in random permutation sets theory for uncertain information modeling	15
Privacy-preserving bipartite output consensus for continuous-time heterogeneous multi-agent systems via event-triggered impulsive control	15
DualCFGL: dual-channel fusion global and local features for sequential recommendation	15
Unsupervised learning of optical flow in a multi-frame dynamic environment using temporal dynamic modeling	15
Bootstrapping OTS-Funcimg pre-training model (Botfip): a comprehensive multimodal scientific computing framework and its application in symbolic regression task	15
Gaussian guided frame sequence encoder network for action quality assessment	14
MDFAC: multi-dimensional feature adaptive calibration for generalized few-shot object detection	14
$$k^{n}_{m}$$-Rung picture fuzzy information in a modern approach to multi-attribute group decision-making	14
Unveiling user identity across social media: a novel unsupervised gradient semantic model for accurate and efficient user alignment	14
Novel intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel Alsina Hamy mean operators and their applications in the assessment of construction material	14
Demonstration and offset augmented meta reinforcement learning with sparse rewards	14
CSTrans: cross-subdomain transformer for unsupervised domain adaptation	14
Product selection based on sentiment analysis of online reviews: an intuitionistic fuzzy TODIM method	14
Aczel-Alsina power bonferroni aggregation operators for picture fuzzy information and decision analysis	14
Personal brand value extraction method to identify micro-influencer for effective digital marketing	14
Decentralized robust interaction control of modular robot manipulators via harmonic drive compliance model-based human motion intention identification	14
Spatial-temporal episodic memory modeling for ADLs: encoding, retrieval, and prediction	14
A novel bayesian network-based ensemble classifier chains for multi-label classification	14
A node selection algorithm with a genetic method based on PBFT in consortium blockchains	14
Design of weighted based divided-search enhanced Karnik–Mendel algorithms for type reduction of general type-2 fuzzy logic systems	14
A novel window-based hybrid attention network for low-dose CT image denoising	14
Evolutionary convolutional neural network for image classification based on multi-objective genetic programming with leader–follower mechanism	14
A dynamic multi-attribute group decision-making method with R-numbers based on MEREC and CoCoSo method	14
LMSOE-Net: lightweight multi-scale small object enhancement network for UAV aerial images	14
Developing sequentially trained robust Punjabi speech recognition system under matched and mismatched conditions	14
A novel adversarial deep TSK fuzzy classifier with its inverse-free fast training	14
A hybrid neural combinatorial optimization framework assisted by automated algorithm design	14
Small sample smart contract vulnerability detection method based on multi-layer feature fusion	14
Flexible and objective diagnosis of type II diabetes by using a fuzzy deep learning ensemble approach	14
M-Net: a novel unsupervised domain adaptation framework based on multi-kernel maximum mean discrepancy for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery	14
A knowledge distillation method based on detection transformer for farmland obstacle detection	14
An adaptive model switch-based surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithm for noisy expensive multi-objective optimization	14
Prioritizing complex health levels beyond autism triage using fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making	14
Evolutionary optimization of large complex problems	14
Multi-population cooperative teaching–learning-based optimization for nonlinear equation systems	13
The development trend of China’s aging population: a forecast perspective	13
Hybrid attention network with appraiser-guided loss for counterfeit luxury handbag detection	13
An MRI image automatic diagnosis model for lumbar disc herniation using semi-supervised learning	13
MVSGS: Gaussian splatting radiation field enhancement using multi-view stereo	13
DIB-UAP: enhancing the transferability of universal adversarial perturbation via deep information bottleneck	13
A few-shot learning-based dual-input neural network for complex spectrogram recognition system with millimeter-wave radar	13
Verticox+: vertically distributed Cox proportional hazards model with improved privacy guarantees	13