OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics is 11. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-11-01 to 2025-11-01.)

Article	Citations
The Ethics of Automating Legal Actors	420
From Robustness to Improved Generalization and Calibration in Pre-trained Language Models	234
KEFT: Knowledge-Enhanced Fine-Tuning for Large Language Models in Domain-Specific Question Answering	188
DARE: Diverse Visual Question Answering with Robustness Evaluation	179
Cross-functional Analysis of Generalization in Behavioral Learning	163
Segmentation-Free Streaming Machine Translation	129
Transformers for Tabular Data Representation: A Survey of Models and Applications	95
Overcoming Source Object Grounding for Semantic Image Editing	94
State of What Art? A Call for Multi-Prompt LLM Evaluation	90
Understanding and Detecting Hallucinations in Neural Machine Translation via Model Introspection	88
Erasure of Unaligned Attributes from Neural Representations	78
Revisiting Meta-evaluation for Grammatical Error Correction	76
A Survey of Text Games for Reinforcement Learning Informed by Natural Language	74
T 2 -NER: A Two-Stage Span-Based Framework for Unified Named Entity Recognition with Templates	69
The Flores-101 Evaluation Benchmark for Low-Resource and Multilingual Machine Translation	65
A Survey on Automated Fact-Checking	62
Aggretriever: A Simple Approach to Aggregate Textual Representations for Robust Dense Passage Retrieval	59
Bridging the Gap between Synthetic and Natural Questions via Sentence Decomposition for Semantic Parsing	54
Federated Learning for Exploiting Annotators’ Disagreements in Natural Language Processing	53
mtRAG: A Multi-Turn Conversational Benchmark for Evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems	52
Context-Aware Machine Translation with Source Coreference Explanation	52
Uncertainty Estimation and Reduction of Pre-trained Models for Text Regression	48
Retrieval-Pretrained Transformer: Long-range Language Modeling with Self-retrieval	48
Learning English with Peppa Pig	46
Benchmarking the Generation of Fact Checking Explanations	43

Do Multi-Document Summarization Models Synthesize?	43
Time-Aware Language Models as Temporal Knowledge Bases	39
Learning More from Mixed Emotions: A Label Refinement Method for Emotion Recognition in Conversations	38
DEAR: Disentangled Event-Agnostic Representation Learning for Early Fake News Detection	37
Frame Representation Hypothesis: Multi-Token LLM Interpretability and Concept-Guided Text Generation	36
How to Dissect a Muppet: The Structure of Transformer Embedding Spaces	35
Cross-Lingual Dialogue Dataset Creation via Outline-Based Generation	34
Few-Shot Multilingual Open-Domain QA from Five Examples	32
Quality at a Glance: An Audit of Web-Crawled Multilingual Datasets	31
Compositional Evaluation on Japanese Textual Entailment and Similarity	30
Culturally Aware and Adapted NLP: A Taxonomy and a Survey of the State of the Art	29
To Diverge or Not to Diverge: A Morphosyntactic Perspective on Machine Translation vs Human Translation	29
Adversarial Defense without Adversarial Defense : Enhancing Language Model Robustness via Instance-level Principal Component Removal	28
Scientia Potentia Est—On the Role of Knowledge in Computational Argumentation	28
Morphology Without Borders: Clause-Level Morphology	27
Toward Robust RALMs: Revealing the Impact of Imperfect Retrieval on Retrieval-Augmented Language Models	26
An Energy-based Model for Word-level AutoCompletion in Computer-aided Translation	26
Break, Perturb, Build: Automatic Perturbation of Reasoning Paths Through Question Decomposition	25
Transformer Grammars: Augmenting Transformer Language Models with Syntactic Inductive Biases at Scale	24
Conformal Prediction for Natural Language Processing: A Survey	24
PADA: Example-based Prompt Learning for on-the-fly Adaptation to Unseen Domains	23
Communication Drives the Emergence of Language Universals in Neural Agents: Evidence from the Word-order/Case-marking Trade-off	22
ProoFVer: Natural Logic Theorem Proving for Fact Verification	22
Template-based Abstractive Microblog Opinion Summarization	22
Questions Are All You Need to Train a Dense Passage Retriever	21
Analyzing and Adapting Large Language Models for Few-Shot Multilingual NLU: Are We There Yet?	21
True Few-Shot Learning with Prompts—A Real-World Perspective	20
Accurate and Efficient Fine-Tuning of Quantized Large Language Models Through Optimal Balance in Adaptation	20
Adapting to the Long Tail: A Meta-Analysis of Transfer Learning Research for Language Understanding Tasks	19
Prompt Contrastive Transformation: An Enhanced Strategy for Efficient Prompt Transfer in Natural Language Processing	19
InSCIt: Information-Seeking Conversations with Mixed-Initiative Interactions	19
Improving Probability-based Prompt Selection Through Unified Evaluation and Analysis	19
Retrieve What You Need: A Mutual Learning Framework for Open-domain Question Answering	17
Navigating Cultural Chasms: Exploring and Unlocking the Cultural POV of Text-To-Image Models	17
Are Character-level Translations Worth the Wait? Comparing ByT5 and mT5 for Machine Translation	16
Salute the Classic: Revisiting Challenges of Machine Translation in the Age of Large Language Models	15
Canine: Pre-training an Efficient Tokenization-Free Encoder for Language Representation	15
Navigating the Landscape of Hint Generation Research: From the Past to the Future	15
Neuron-level Interpretation of Deep NLP Models: A Survey	14
Sense-specific Historical Word Usage Generation	14
OpenFact: Factuality Enhanced Open Knowledge Extraction	14
Efficient Long-Text Understanding with Short-Text Models	14
Interactive Machine Teaching by Labeling Rules and Instances	14
MENLI: Robust Evaluation Metrics from Natural Language Inference	13
Robust Pronoun Fidelity with English LLMs: Are they Reasoning, Repeating, or Just Biased?	13
Structural Persistence in Language Models: Priming as a Window into Abstract Language Representations	13
Addressing the Binning Problem in Calibration Assessment through Scalar Annotations	13
A Confidence-based Acquisition Model for Self-supervised Active Learning and Label Correction	13
Pre-train, Prompt, and Recommendation: A Comprehensive Survey of Language Modeling Paradigm Adaptations in Recommender Systems	12
ABNIRML: Analyzing the Behavior of Neural IR Models	12

Explainable Abuse Detection as Intent Classification and Slot Filling	12
TaxoPro: A Plug-In LoRA-based Cross-Domain Method for Low-Resource Taxonomy Completion	11
Time-and-Space-Efficient Weighted Deduction	11
Adding Chocolate to Mint : Mitigating Metric Interference in Machine Translation	11
Is My Model Using the Right Evidence? Systematic Probes for Examining Evidence-Based Tabular Reasoning	11
Learning Fair Representations via Rate-Distortion Maximization	11
NLP Security and Ethics, in the Wild	11
Investigating Critical Period Effects in Language Acquisition through Neural Language Models	11
Human Choice Prediction in Language-based Persuasion Games: Simulation-based Off-Policy Evaluation	11
Modeling Emotion Dynamics in Song Lyrics with State Space Models	11
How “Real” is Your Real-Time Simultaneous Speech-to-Text Translation System?	11