ERJ Open Research

Papers
(The TQCC of ERJ Open Research is 5. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-11-01 to 2025-11-01.)
ArticleCitations
Increased loop gain and upper airway collapsibility among smoking patients with obstructive sleep apnoea201
Spirometry at different Latin American altitudes: a Global Lung Function Initiative project90
Prevalence and types of treatable traits in bronchiectasis: a multicentre, cross-sectional study72
“Patients at risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease who need testing evaluated using a modified Delphi process by European experts.” Michael R. Loebinger, Stefano Aliberti, Charles Haw56
Prednisolone for COPD exacerbations: time for a rethink55
ERS International Congress 2022: highlights from the Basic and Translational Science Assembly54
Dysglycaemia among tuberculosis patients without known diabetes in a low-endemic setting52
Dual CFTR modulator therapy efficacy in the real world: lessons for the future48
Comparison of two scores for short-term outcomes in patients with COPD exacerbation in the emergency department: the Ottawa COPD Risk Scale and the DECAF score46
Long-term incident severe outcomes in a prospective cohort of non-obese obstructive sleep apnoea patients free of comorbidities at inclusion44
Supplementary oxygen efficacy for chronic pulmonary disorders and exertion desaturation42
Williams–Campbell syndrome case series and discordant twins41
Period and cohort effects: consequences on spirometric lung function in Norway during the 20th century35
Extracellular iron and the lung microbiome in smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease34
Circulating biomarkers in subjects with progressive pulmonary fibrosis: data from the INBUILD trial34
Antitrypsin deficiency: still more to learn about the lung after 60 years33
An observational study ofPseudomonas aeruginosain adult long-term ventilation30
Role of bronchoscopy for respiratory involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis30
Myostatin/Smad2/Smad3 pathway define a differential clinical phenotype in COPD-associated sarcopenia30
Artificial intelligence augmentation raises questions about the future of bronchoscopy30
The impact of personal and outdoor temperature exposure during cold and warm seasons on lung function and respiratory symptoms in COPD29
The noninvasive ventilation outcomes score in patients requiring NIV for COPD exacerbation without prior evidence of airflow obstruction29
Influence of sex, season and environmental air quality on experimental human pneumococcal carriage acquisition: a retrospective cohort analysis29
Reflecting real-world patients with mesothelioma in research: an interim report of baseline characteristics from the ASSESS-meso cohort29
Increased delay to lung transplantation for women candidates: gender-based disparity matters in the lung transplant trajectory28
Inhaled corticosteroids and COVID-19 outcomes in asthma: the Israeli experience28
High-frequency percussive ventilation in acute respiratory failure28
Utility of rehabilitation prior to bronchoscopic lung volume reduction:post hocanalysis of the VENT trial28
Proteins associated with preserved ratio impaired spirometry27
Corticosteroid therapy in fibrotic interstitial lung disease: a modified Delphi survey27
A survey of UK respiratory specialists’ opinion on the management of chronic cough26
The NEuroCOUGH Chronic Cough Registry: a protocol for a pan-European observational study25
Respiratory infections after elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor treatment in people with cystic fibrosis: analysis of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry25
Prevalence and consequences of patient-ventilator interactions in a cohort of home ventilated restrictive and neuromuscular patients. A multicenter study25
Managing breathlessness for people with advanced respiratory disease24
Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in patients with haemoptysis: the POPEIHE study24
Dendritic cells in the lung cavities of XDR-TB patients exhibit altered frequency and phenotype24
ROHHAD syndrome in an adult: presence of ZSCAN1 antibodies24
Achieving adherence to positive airway pressure in commercial drivers using an employer-mandated remote management programme23
Predicting clinical exacerbations using respiratory oscillometry during home telemonitoring of patients taking medium/high dose asthma treatment23
Shape of the association between endotoxin in school dust and children's lung-function23
Differential cardiopulmonary haemodynamic phenotypes in PASC-related exercise intolerance22
A comprehensive evaluation of murine and humanex vivocultured alveolar macrophages22
Global survey of physician testing practices for nontuberculous mycobacteria21
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the right primary somatosensory cortex increases cough reflex sensitivity: a pilot randomised controlled crossover trial21
Comparison of different sets of immunological tests to identify treatable immunodeficiencies in adult bronchiectasis patients21
Moderate-to-severe ARDS: COVID-19 patients compared to influenza patients for ventilator parameters and mortality21
The role of clamping before removal of a chest tube in post-surgical and pneumothorax patients using digital drainage systems: a noninferiority randomised trial21
Targeted DNase treatment of obstructive lung disease: a pilot randomised controlled trial21
Triple therapy in COPD: understanding the data21
A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial investigating the effects of lesogaberan on the objective cough frequency and capsaicin-evoked coughs in patients with refractory chronic cough21
Association of patient-reported outcome measures with lung function and mortality in fibrotic interstitial lung disease: a prospective cohort study21
Clinical impact of routine sleep assessment by peripheral arterial tonometry in patients with COPD21
Diagnostic delay in bronchiectasis: an Italian perspective21
Increasing airway obstruction through life following bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a meta-analysis20
Plasma sphingolipids, lung function and COPD: the Cardiovascular Health Study20
Navigating family dynamics and ethical considerations in genetic diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension: insights from in-depth semi-structured interviews20
Effects of seasonality and treatment on COPD clinical outcomes: IMPACTpost hocanalysis20
The long-term effects of insulin use in incident cystic fibrosis-related diabetes: a target trial emulated using longitudinal national registry data20
Pulmonary artery wedge pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure during exercise in patients with dyspnoea20
To burn or not to burn: similar effects of different types of prenatal tobacco exposure on infant lung function20
The impact of anti-eosinophilic therapy on exercise capacity and inspiratory muscle strength in patients with severe asthma19
Effect of water- and land-based exercise on lung function in children with post-COVID-19 condition: secondary results from a randomised controlled trial19
Detection of pulmonary hypertension in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis using random forest models and automated measures of central computed tomography structures19
“You can do it yourself and you can do it at your convenience”: internet accessibility and willingness of people with chronic breathlessness to use an internet-based breathlessness self-management int19
Key priorities to prevent avoidable asthma hospitalisations: insights from end-users19
Interstitial lung abnormalities: do symptoms matter?19
How to distinguish PPI-refractory from PPI-responsive patients in gastro-oesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough: post-reflux swallow induced peristaltic wave index and mean nocturnal baseline impeda19
An adjudication algorithm for respiratory-related hospitalisation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis19
Safety and feasibility of ultrathin probe transbronchial lung cryobiopsy without balloon blockerviarobotic bronchoscopy in the evaluation of peripheral lung lesions: a retrospective pilot study19
Chaotic breathing in post-COVID-19 breathlessness: a key feature of dysfunctional breathing can be characterised objectively by approximate entropy18
Clinical assessment of balance and functional impairments in people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis18
Optimal treatment of the underlying aetiology is the most effective antimicrobial stewardship for chronic respiratory disease: a lesson learned from cystic fibrosis18
Should all patients with COPD be treated with inhaled triple therapy?18
Time to negative conversion and cardiopulmonary performance in athletes with COVID-1918
Still no room to breathe: insights on supine lung mechanics from oscillometry in COPD18
Associations of physical activity and quality of life in parapneumonic effusion patients18
Impact of targeted pulmonary arterial hypertension therapies in severe pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung diseases18
A robust web-based tool to predict viral shedding in patients with Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants18
Developing a self-management package for pulmonary fibrosis: an international Delphi study17
Hospitalisation outcomes in pneumococcal-vaccinatedversus-unvaccinated patients with exacerbation of COPD: results from the HOPE COPD Study17
Real-world characteristics of “super-responders” to mepolizumab and benralizumab in severe eosinophilic asthma and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis16
Long-term follow-up after bronchoscopic lung volume reduction valve treatment for emphysema16
Home sleep studies in children with neurodisabilities: success rates and parental perception16
A worldwide look into long COVID-19 management: an END-COVID survey16
Biomarkers of chronic airflow limitation and COPD identified by mass spectrometry16
Persistent tachypnoea of infancy and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy: from systematic review to future directions16
Changes in fatigue symptoms following an exercise-based rehabilitation programme for patients with long COVID16
α 1 -Antitrypsin deficiency and increased risk of atrial fibrillation in two large population-based cohorts15
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency genotypes PI*ZZ and PI*SZ in the Spanish registry of EARCO15
Risk factors, molecular analysis and treatment outcomes of amikacin-resistant Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease15
Association of DPP-4 inhibitors with respiratory and cardiovascular complications in patients with COPD: a nationwide cohort study15
Sputum microbiome α-diversity is a key feature of the COPD frequent exacerbator phenotype15
Deleterious effect ofPseudomonas aeruginosaon F508del-CFTR rescued by elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor is clinical strain-dependent in patient-derived nasal cells15
Socioeconomic inequalities in severe childhood asthma: results of a nationwide cohort15
Right ventricular–pulmonary arterial coupling predicts mortality in precapillary pulmonary hypertension15
Optimization and Application of a T cell Antigen-Specific Activation Assay as Diagnostic and Treatment Monitoring Tool for Tuberculosis15
Mepolizumab has clinical benefits including oral corticosteroid sparing irrespective of baseline EGPA characteristics15
Sleep and cardiometabolic comorbidities in the obstructive sleep apnoea–COPD overlap syndrome: data from the European Sleep Apnoea Database15
Pulmonary fibrosis in patients with autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: a retrospective nationwide cohort study15
Evaluation of a screening protocol for telomere biology disorders in individuals with interstitial lung disease undergoing lung transplant evaluation15
Modifiable lifestyle risk factors for sarcoidosis: a nested case–control study15
Oxygen saturation targets for children with respiratory distress: a systematic review15
Epidemiology of interstitial lung diseases and their progressive-fibrosing behaviour in six European countries15
Is overreliance on short-acting β2-agonists associated with health risks in the older asthma population?15
Comorbidities reduce survival and quality of life in COPD with severe lung hyperinflation14
Phase I dose-escalation study to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of an inhaled recombinant human ACE214
Predictors of mortality and hospitalised exacerbations in obstructive airway diseases14
A focus group study about healthcare professionals’ perspectives on patient education in pulmonary rehabilitation14
Dupilumab-associated hypereosinophilia in severe asthma14
Evaluation of spirometry-gated computed tomography to measure lung volumes in emphysema patients14
Shorter walk test durations to detect ambulatory oxygen desaturation in interstitial lung disease: an observational cohort study14
Breathing pattern and muscle activity using different inspiratory resistance devices in children with mouth breathing syndrome14
Acknowledging the syndemic: A real-life cohort study on major adverse cardiovascular events in COPD14
Rapid real-world implementation of pulmonary telerehabilitation: good fortune or COVID-19 luck?14
ERS Congress 2024: highlights from the Basic and Translational Sciences Assembly13
Intimal granulomatous angiitis in sarcoid pulmonary vasculitis: worth remembering13
The feasibility of implementing clinical decision support system software in the outpatient assessment of breathlessness: Cardio-LungHealth and Everton in the Community13
Compartment-specific protein interactions in beryllium lung disease13
Shared genetic risk factors: implications for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic hypertension13
Infant lung function: criteria for selecting tidal flow–volume loops13
Severe pulmonary hypertension–interstitial lung disease presenting as right ventricular failure: stabilisation with intravenous prostacyclin and maintenance with inhaled prostacyclin13
Priming mucosal pathogen-agnostic innate immunity with an intranasal TLR2/6 agonist in an aged population13
Patients at risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease who need testing evaluated using a modified Delphi process by European experts13
Circulating biomarkers and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: data from the INMARK trial13
Possible overdiagnosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma among never-smokers in Taiwan13
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pleural infection incidence: a UK multicentre retrospective analysis13
Persistence of a SARS-CoV-2 T-cell response in patients with long COVID and lung sequelae after COVID-1913
Effects of exercise and a lifestyle app on sleep disordered breathing, physical health and quality of life13
Upper-lobe CT imaging features improve prediction of lung function decline in COPD13
External validation of the OPALS prediction model for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute decompensated pulmonary hypertension13
It is time to end our love affair with short-acting β2-agonists in asthma? Yes13
Reply: Key role of dysregulated airway epithelium in response to respiratory viral infections in asthma13
“Influence of physical activity on the prognosis of COPD patients: the HADO.2 score – health, activity, dyspnoea and obstruction”. Cristóbal Esteban, Nere Larrea, Amaia Aramburu, Javier Moraza, Leyre 13
Acute effects of low dose bisoprolol on lung function and blood pressure in COPD patients12
De-labelling severe asthma diagnosis: the challenge of DIPNECH12
Arterial remodelling in smokers and in patients with small airway disease and COPD: implications for lung physiology and early origins of pulmonary hypertension12
A systematic review with meta-analysis of biomarkers for detection of pulmonary arterial hypertension12
No effect of danazol treatment in patients with advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis12
Increased bronchiectasis risk and related risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease: a 10-year Korean national cohort study12
Redefining chronic cough as a disease: why patient registries matter12
Current and novel treatment options for obstructive sleep apnoea12
Cardiac dysfunction during exercise in young adults with bronchopulmonary dysplasia12
Benefit−risk assessment of brensocatib for treatment of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis12
Biomarkers of type 2 inflammation as predictors of response to biologics for severe eosinophilic asthma12
Untargeted metabolomic analysis reveals different metabolites associated with response to mepolizumab and omalizumab in asthma12
Lung cancer in patients with fibrosing interstitial lung diseases: an overview of current knowledge and challenges12
COVID-19 in patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: a European multicentre study12
ERS Congress 2024: highlights from the Clinical Techniques, Imaging and Endoscopy Assembly11
Telemonitoring for the follow-up of home noninvasive ventilation: a promising future with ongoing challenges11
The association of weather conditions with day-to-day variability in physical activity in patients with COPD11
Normal values of respiratory oscillometry in South African children and adolescents11
Home is where spirometry should be: enhancing care for individuals with pulmonary fibrosis11
The effect of exacerbations on lung density in α1-antitrypsin deficiency11
Upper-limb intervalversusconstant-load exercise in patients with COPD: a physiological crossover study11
ERS International Congress 2022: highlights from the Interstitial Lung Diseases Assembly11
Next-generation sequencing reveals genetic heterogeneity and resistance mechanisms in patients withEGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer treated with afatinib11
Diffuse panniculitis in a teenage male with ZZ α1-antitrypsin deficiency11
Insights from the INSIGHTS-ILD Registry: real-world heterogeneity in treatment patterns for patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease11
Gene expression profile of epithelial–mesenchymal transition in tumours of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer: the influence of COPD11
Respiratory symptoms and their determinants in the general Spanish population: changes over 20 years11
Longitudinal change in ultrasound-derived rectus femoris cross-sectional area in COPD11
Exercise responses and mental health symptoms in COVID-19 survivors with dyspnoea11
Predictors of invasive mechanical ventilation use in patients with acute decompensated pulmonary hypertension admitted to the intensive care unit11
Ciliary dyskinesia in severe asthma is not affected by chronic mucus hypersecretion11
Communicating with patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: can we do it better?11
An exploration of clinically meaningful definitions of cough bouts11
Lung disease in never smokers with severe alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: The EARCO Registry11
Natural variability of lung function in primary ciliary dyskinesia: longitudinal analysis from the PROVALF-PCD cohort11
Risk factors and interventions for developing recurrent pneumonia in older adults11
Immunoprofiling bronchoalveolar lavage cells reveals multifaceted smoking-associated immune dysfunction11
“A pulmonary rehabilitation shared decision-making intervention for patients living with COPD: PReSent: protocol for a feasibility study”. Amy C. Barradell, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Noelle Robertson, Hi11
Adverse perception of cough in patients with severe asthma: a discrete choice experiment10
Noninvasive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension with hyperpolarised129Xe magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy10
Locus of control and breathlessness: a cross-sectional analysis of 28 730 people10
Systemic pro-inflammatory response following bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using endobronchial valves10
Efficacy of interventions to alter measures of fat-free mass in people with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis10
Influence of age in the assessment of therapeutic response in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension10
Pulmonary Hypertension and Measurement of Exercise Capacity Remotely: Evaluation of the 1-min Sit-to-Stand Test (PERSPIRE) – a cohort study10
End-tidal carbon dioxide tension is a reliable surrogate of arterial carbon dioxide tension across different oxygen, carbon dioxide and barometric pressures10
A novel method to assess airway eosinophilia utilizing sputum plugs10
The Palestinian primary ciliary dyskinesia population: first results of the diagnostic and genetic spectrum10
The COCOS-IPF Core Outcome Set for IPF/PPF Care: A Mixed-Method Multi-Perspective Approach10
A cystic and bullous lung disease associated with a PIK3CA-related overgrowth syndrome10
Utility of adding oesophageal to endobronchial endosonography when staging lung cancer: a randomised trial10
Inhaled nitric oxide for the treatment of COVID-19: an open-label, parallel, randomised controlled trial10
Endobronchial cryobiopsy may shorten the time to cancer diagnosis: a retrospective study10
Spirometry interpretation in primary care: is there a role for artificial intelligence?10
Obstructive sleep apnoea-related respiratory events and desaturation severity are associated with the cardiac response10
The role of theADRB2Thr164Ile variant in lung function determination, plasma proteome variability and other phenotypes in UK Biobank10
Symptomatic smokers without COPD have physiological changes heralding the development of COPD10
Laboratory and free-living gait performance in adults with COPD and healthy controls10
Physical capacity and inactivity in obstructive airway diseases: a “can do, do do” analysis10
Artificial intelligence improves bronchoscopy performance: a randomised crossover trial10
Exercise intolerance in post-coronavirus disease 2019 survivors after hospitalisation10
Early benefit of mepolizumab on small airways in severe asthma: insights from the IMPOSE study10
Novel CFTR modulator combinations maximise rescue of G85E and N1303K in rectal organoids10
Poor performance of paired tests of latent tuberculosis in highly immune-compromised individuals exposed to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: time for new diagnostic markers10
Beyond type 2 asthma biomarkers: risk stratification for NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease10
OSA symptom subtypes and hypoxic burden independently predict distinct cardiovascular outcomes10
Delayed airway epithelial repair is correlated with airway obstruction in young adults born very preterm10
Factors most strongly associated with breathlessness in a population aged 50–64 years10
Feasibility of using continuous positive airway pressureviathe LeVe CPAP System among children with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure at Mengo Hospital, Kampala, Uganda: a mixed-methods stud10
Circadian variability in breath volatiles is affected by the timing of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma10
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and pulmonary outcome in people with cystic fibrosis: a European Cystic Fibrosis Patient Registry data analysis10
Measuring spirometry in a lung cancer screening cohort highlights possible underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of COPD10
Activation of STAT3 in the COPD airway epithelium10
Venous thromboembolism associated with severe dyspnoea and asthma in 102 792 adults10
Clinical significance of respiratory bacteria and mycobacteria isolates in adult bronchiectasis in Taiwan10
Post-viral lung diseases: the microbiota as a key player10
Response to endobronchial valve treatment: it's all about the target lobe10
Peeping at COPD through the keyhole: time to broaden the view to the complexity of the disease by the heterogeneity of symptoms10
Living with chronic cough: experiences, burden and management in interstitial lung disease – a mixed methods study10
Hypercapnia is not excluded by normoxia in neuromuscular disease patients: implications for oximetry10
Age and body mass index affect fit of spirometry Global Lung Function Initiative references in schoolchildren10
A new variant in theZCCHC8gene: diverse clinical phenotypes and expression in the lung9
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation in intensive care for COVID-19: randomised controlled trial9
Importance of sputum and computed tomography assessments of airway neutrophil inflammation and mucus plugging in bronchiectasis management9
Performance of two portable exhaled nitric oxide fraction devices compared to a “gold standard” chemiluminescence device9
Past asthma exacerbation in children predicting future exacerbation: a systematic review9
Simultaneous measurement of inhaled air and exhaled breath by double multicapillary column ion-mobility spectrometry, a new method for breath analysis: results of a feasibility study9
Variability in P2X receptor composition in human taste nerves: implications for treatment of chronic cough9
Bronchiectasis associated with ulcerative colitis relapse after lung transplantation: a case report9
Telemedicine and virtual respiratory care in the era of COVID-199
Identification of Two Distinct Molecular Endotypes in Cough Variant Asthma Based on Sputum Transcriptomics and Clinical Pathophysiological Features9
Exploring lung cavity access to endobronchial valve in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis and nontuberculosis mycobacterial diseases, a radiological feasibility study9
Ethnic variation in asthma healthcare utilisation and exacerbation: systematic review and meta-analysis9
Conservation of gene expression patterns between the amniotic and nasal epithelium at birth9
Effects of acetazolamide on sleep disordered breathing in pulmonary vascular disease: a randomised controlled trial9
Utility of diaphragm dome height as a marker of operational lung volume changes, disease burden and exacerbations in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD: an observational study within the CanCOLD coho9
Chronic noninvasive ventilation in COPD: towards the identification of a responder phenotype9
ERS International Congress 2023: highlights from the Respiratory Intensive Care Assembly9
ERS Congress 2024: highlights from the Respiratory Intensive Care Assembly9
The effects of dual IQOS and cigarette smoke exposure on airway epithelial cells: implications for lung health and respiratory disease pathogenesis9
Reference equations for quadriceps strength, endurance and power: a multicentre study9
Breathomics in controlled asthma: identification of nonanoic and propanoic acids as volatile organic compounds9
Validation and cross-cultural insights of the French translation of the Severe Asthma Questionnaire9
Airflow obstruction among young adults in Europe: A Chronic Airway Diseases Early Stratification (CADSET) collaboration with 48 612 individuals across eight population-based cohorts9
NKX2.1mutation revealed by a lymphoid interstitial pneumonia in an adult with rheumatoid arthritis9
Assessment of factors and interventions towards therapeutic adherence among persons with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis9
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of COPD: Copenhagen General Population Study9
Laryngeal mask airway or high-flow nasal cannulaversusnasal cannula for advanced bronchoscopy: a randomised controlled trial9
Post-pandemic seasonal dynamics of hospitalised COPD exacerbations and aetiologies in the COPD population9
A comparison of pulmonary capillary blood volume and diffusing membrane capacity assessed via two pulmonary diffusing capacity approaches9
BOS-318 treatment enhances elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor-mediated improvements in airway hydration and mucociliary transport9
Does COVID-19 vaccination increase the risk of interstitial lung disease at a population level?9
Predicting outcomes after hospitalisation for COPD exacerbation using machine learning9
How have we measured trial outcomes of asthma attack treatment? A systematic review8
Oesophageal stasis is a risk factor for chronic lung allograft dysfunction and allograft failure in lung transplant recipients8
COVID-19 and its continuing burden after 12 months: a longitudinal observational prospective multicentre trial8
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