Applied Neuropsychology-Adult

Papers
(The median citation count of Applied Neuropsychology-Adult is 1. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-06-01 to 2026-06-01.)
ArticleCitations
Investigation of applicability and reliability of addenbrooke’s cognitive assessment-III with Turkish cultural adaptation35
Comparison of performance on the oral versus written trail making test in patients with movement disorders32
Measuring attentional blink magnitude: Reliability and validity of a novel single-target rapid serial visual presentation task index in a psychiatric sample31
Normative data for the 12-item Buschke memory task in the Quebec-French population aged 50 and over25
Brief report on the Neural Circuits Questionnaire (NCQ): Recap and scoring23
Investigation of comparative nonword repetition performance in multiple sclerosis: Group differences, subtype variations, and disability effects22
Humanizing neuropsychological assessment: The role of empathy17
A further study of the psychometric qualities of the Strange Stories-Revised across the three stages of aging16
Correction16
The cognitive and cognitive-motor training contribution to the improvement of different aspects of executive functions in healthy adults aged 65 years and above—A randomized controlled trial16
Forgetting rate for the familiarity and recollection components of recognition in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A longitudinal study15
Using harmonized FITBIR datasets to examine associations between TBI history and cognitive functioning15
Computerized cognitive rehabilitation for patients with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials15
The impact of subcortical stroke-related aphasia on executive functions and working memory15
Adaptation of the Cognitive Screening Test (Triagem Cognitiva – TRIACOG) for computer-mediated assessments: TRIACOG-Online14
The effect of computerized working memory training on working memory and emotion perception for patients with chronic schizophrenia and normal cognition13
Factors influencing the cognitive performance in cognitively unimpaired older adults and people living with Alzheimer’s disease: Insights from a middle-income Latin American country13
Evaluating interval-based indices from tests of semantic verbal fluency for mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review13
Norwegian normative data for regression-based D-KEFS color-word interference test derived measures and comparison to conventional contrast measures12
Reliability and validity of a novel mobile-based automatic battery of cognitive tests in healthy young Chinese adults12
Validating the effects of sex differences and auditory/visual-based verbal memory on recall tasks in a virtual supermarket11
Validation of the Test of Attention Distraction in identifying non-credible performance in diagnosis-seeking postsecondary students11
Characteristics of cognition impairment in patients after stroke based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised in China11
Cognitive reserve relates to successful aging: A cross-sectional study focusing on psychological well-being and daily living activities in the elderly11
Factor analysis of neuropsychological attention measures with mild traumatic brain injury patients11
Is recovery from left-sided neglect based on changes in automatic attention? An auditory event related potentials study11
A Systematic Review of Neurophysiological and Self-Report Psychological Inventories for Cannabis Use Disorder11
Modalities for assessing visual exploration in people with unilateral spatial neglect with eye-tracking: a scoping review10
Exploring the effects of COVID-19 on verbal memory function in schizophrenia: Multiple case study and brief literature review10
Performance of older adults in a digital change detection task: The role of heterogeneous education10
Theory of mind in trichotillomania: A cross-sectional comparison with healthy controls9
Neurologic music therapy for inhibitory control in parkinson’s disease: Intervention protocol for a feasibility study9
Preliminary results on the efficacy of a neurocognitive training programme with multisensory integration in Major Neurocognitive Disorder9
Cognitive Intraindividual variability in injection drug use among Hispanic residents of Puerto Rico8
Application of mini-mental state examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease8
Correction8
The sustained attention to response task: Validation of a non-numerical parallel form8
Neuropsychological test using machine learning for cognitive impairment screening8
Exploring social cognition in individuals with neuropsychiatric symptoms following acquired brain injury8
Executive functioning in subjects post COVID-19 infection in Mexico8
One hundred and ten fundamentals of performance validity tests in neuropsychological forensic disability and related assessment II: Literature review8
Exploring symptomatology and innovative treatment modalities for prefrontal cortex lesions: a systematic review8
Ethical issues in clinical neuropsychology: International diversity perspectives7
Validation of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III for detecting vascular dementia in Iranian patients with stroke: A secondary data analysis7
Incorrect encoding responses improve the classification accuracy of the Word Choice Test7
Inhibitory control as possible risk and/or resilience factor for the development of trauma related symptoms–a study of the Utøya terror attack survivors7
Evidence for the reliability and validity of a Spanish translation of the Medication Management Ability Assessment administered via tele-assessment7
Comparing the effects of dietary sugars on cognitive performance and reaction time: A randomized, placebo- controlled and double-blind experimental trial7
Measuring memory: A survey of neuropsychological practice amongst New Zealand psychologists7
The standard assessment of global everyday activities is a valid and reliable scale to assess both physical and cognitive functionality in Turkish older adults6
Forward versus backward recall: Modality testing6
“Encephalapp Stroop”: Validity and reliability of a smartphone app to measure cognitive performance in physically active subjects6
Reliability and validity of the Turkish executive function performance test in people with stroke6
How do aging, socioeconomic status, and gender affect verbal fluency, cognitive skills, depression, and daily living activities in older people?6
Investigation of the utility of smartphone-based gait analyses in discrimination between patients with Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease6
One hundred and ten fundamentals of performance validity tests in neuropsychological forensic disability and related assessment I: Introduction6
The long-term memory sign: A clinical marker of functional cognitive disorders6
Theory of mind training and its effects on executive functions: Double-blind, randomized, controlled trials in the adults with mild intellectual disabilities6
Neuropsychological assessment by video teleconference in adults: A systematic review6
Working memory ımprovement after transcranial direct current stimulation paired with working memory training ın diabetic peripheral neuropathy6
Eye tracking during conventional neuropsychological assessments of spatial neglect6
Impaired processing of conspecifics in Parkinson’s disease5
Influence of age, education, and blast exposure on the Test of Memory Malingering in an active-duty military sample5
Validity assessment of early retirement claimants: Symptom overreporting on the Beck Depression Inventory – II5
Cognitive alterations and brain functional changes following chemotherapy treatment in breast cancer patients: A systematic review on resting-state fMRI studies5
The efficacy of combining speech training with transcranial direct current stimulation on patients with non-fluent aphasia after stroke5
Correction5
Exploratory principal component analysis of the Benton visual form discrimination test, matching subtest (VFDT-MAT) using the WAIS-IV, visuospatial, and language tasks5
Aggregate learning ratio from the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery distinguishes between amnestic and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment in a real-world clinical sample5
Cognitive functions of individuals with reported low-frequency noise perceptions5
Applicability of artificial intelligence in neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients with brain injury5
Test taking location and practice effects as factors contributing to scores on remotely administered neurocognitive performance tests in a sample of older adults5
Machine and deep learning algorithms for classifying different types of dementia: A literature review5
Assessing the impact of age on everyday cognitive function with a virtual environment task: The EcoKitchen5
Neurocognitive and psychosocial burden in patients with end-stage renal disease: A pilot study5
A preliminary investigation of the utility of the Word Memory Test Immediate Recognition trial as a screener for noncredible performance5
A prospective randomized study examining the impact of intravenous versus inhalational anesthesia on postoperative cognitive decline and delirium5
Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional analysis of glycemic controls and brain health outcomes5
Classification of neuroimaging data in Alzheimer’s disease using particle swarm optimization: A systematic review5
Failing more freestanding performance validity tests results in progressive artificial lowering of invalid neuropsychological test scores5
Predictive value of traditional, naturalistic, and self-rated executive measures on the everyday functional status of outpatients with schizophrenia: an exploratory study5
The limitations and challenges in the assessment of executive dysfunction associated with real-world functioning: The opportunity of serious games5
Interaction of neurological disorders and medical comorbidities is associated with an increased rate of incompetency adjudications5
The Scale Assessment of Executive Functions-Adult (SAEF-A): Construction of a valid ecological instrument5
Modified Dead–Alive Test for the assessment of semantic and episodic memory performance of older patients with neurocognitive disorder5
Correspondence of the Boston Naming Test and Multilingual Naming Test in identifying naming impairments in a geriatric cognitive disorders clinic5
Common and proper nouns in mild Alzheimer’s disease5
The psychometric properties of the working memory questionnaire in a South African young adult sample5
VA psychologists’ professional practices and attitudes toward tele-neuropsychology among a tele-neuropsychology interest group within the Veterans Health Administration5
Subjective cognitive complaints and objective cognitive functioning in combat veterans: Effects of PTSD and deployment mild TBI5
A model of sensory, emotional, and cognitive reserve4
Executive functions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis4
Compensatory cognitive training for people with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review of randomized controlled trial4
Can short-term memory capacity change resting brain behavior? Findings from neuropsychological assessment and dynamic causal modeling4
Age effects on Wechsler Memory Scale–Fourth Edition (WMS–IV) indexes and subtests4
Correlation of Montreal Cognitive Assessment with Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 in adult persons with epilepsy4
Visual tracking efficiency across different spacing widths: a text-free eye-tracking study4
Neurophysiological and neuropsychological parameters in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy4
Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and predictors of cognitive functioning at six months after COVID-19 in patients treated in the ICU, regular hospital ward, or isolated at home4
Recognition memory in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia: a systematic review4
Is language translation enough in cross-cultural neuropsychological assessments of patients from Latin America?4
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Persian version of Everyday Memory Questionnaire-Revised (EMQ-R) in patients with multiple sclerosis4
Effect of the strategy game Mangala on cognitive function, anxiety, depression, and fine motor skills in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease: A randomized controlled trial4
Strategic and lexical retrieval processes in free verb fluency: The influence of age and education4
Piloting the Coffs Harbour Executive Functioning Screen (CHEFS): An off-road tool to predict fitness to drive4
A corpus callosum visual ratings system is associated with cognition and visual ratings of white matter and medial temporal atrophy in dementia4
Does the side of onset influence symptom severity in Parkinson’s disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis4
Untreated if unrecognized: A cognitive profile of sustained subjective executive dysfunctions in COVID-194
Inter-rater variability in scoring of Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Third Edition (ACE-III) protocols4
A preliminary adaptation of select subtests from the Western Aphasia battery – revised for the Franco-Ontarian population4
Cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis: Auditory and visual attention and inhibitory control4
Dissociations between musical semantic memory and verbal memory in a patient with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia4
Return to work following mild traumatic brain injury: Psychological and cognitive factors in a litigating sample in the post acute stage of recovery4
Goal attainment in individual and group-based neuropsychological interventions for young adults with dyslexia in a randomized controlled trial4
Recovery of gestures for persons with severe non-fluent aphasia and limb apraxia: A long-term follow-up study4
Cognitive dysfunction in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency: A systematic review4
Cognitive patterns and neural correlates in acquired phonological dyslexia. A pilot study in Greek patients after traumatic and non-traumatic brain disorders4
Cross-cultural linguistic adaptation and development of three alternate forms of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test to the Brazilian context: The role of word familiarity4
The association of depression and apathy with Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers in a cross-cultural sample4
EEG-derived brainwave patterns for depression diagnosis via hybrid machine learning and deep learning frameworks4
80 years of the Wechsler Memory Scale: A selective review/Erratum4
Measuring subjective cognitive complaints with covid-19 brain fog using the subjective scale to investigate cognition (SSTICS)4
Role of cognitive reserve in supporting executive efficiency and theory of mind in older adults4
Once is enough! An analogue study on repeated validity assessment in adults with ADHD3
Neurocognitive performance in an Irish collegiate athlete sample: a comparison with normative data from the CNS vital signs test3
Comparing virtual reality with traditional methods in cognitive rehabilitation in PICS syndrome3
Which motor-cognitive abilities underlie the digital Trail-Making Test? Decomposing various test scores to detect cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease—Pilot study3
Phonological, orthographic and morphological skills are related to structural properties of ventral and motor white matter pathways in skilled and impaired readers3
Long term effects of severe acquired brain injury: A follow-up investigation on the role of cognitive reserve on cognitive outcomes3
Relationship between neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognition in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review3
Cognitive remediation positively impacts cognition and psychopathological symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: A preliminary study3
Neuropsychological functioning and emotional processing in acoustic schwannoma: Insights from an Indian cohort3
A review of the reliability of remote neuropsychological assessment3
Validation of a computer-administered survey measure of graphophonological-semantic cognitive flexibility3
Measuring Executive function: Performance-based versus self-report, evidence from a community sample3
Exploring relationships between executive functions and maladaptive cyclical patterns in a transdiagnostic sample3
The effects of deep TMS on purpose in life, quantitative EEG and event-related potentials in major depressive disorder3
Normative data for COGITAB: An Italian tablet-based test battery conceived for the preclinical phase of Alzheimer’s disease3
Racial differences in positive findings on embedded performance validity tests3
Working memory and processing speed as predictors of general fluid intelligence in adults with high functioning autism: A structural equation modeling approach3
Normative data for the story recall subtest of the BEM-144 in the Quebec-French population aged 50 years and over3
A simple method to evaluate the pentagon copy test of the Mini-Mental State Examination for the differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies3
Validation study of the Persian version of behavioral pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease Rating scale (BEHAVE-AD) and the empirical BHAVE-AD (E-BEHAVE-AD)3
Examination of WAIS-5 naming speed quantity within a multidisciplinary dementia clinic3
The need for psychometric rigor in neuropsychology: A practical framework for reform3
Response time measures on the Word Memory Test do not add incremental validity to accuracy scores in predicting noncredible neurocognitive dysfunction in mild traumatic brain injury litigants3
Self-reported anterograde memory loss in older persons that is not validated on neuropsychological assessment: Considerations for a dissociative diagnosis3
Comparison of theory of mind and neurocognition in siblings and offspring of female schizophrenia patients3
The effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the cognitive flexibility and memory span in adults with temporal lobe epilepsy3
An alternative approach to TOMM cutoff scores using a large sample of military personnel3
Distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from other dementias using pattern profile analysis in the Meyers Neuropsychological Battery: An exploratory study3
A narrative review of literature on the neuropsychological screening and assessment of acquired neurogenic and cognitive-communication disorders in Moroccan adults3
Mindfulness-based vs. cognitive rehabilitation interventions for post-stroke recovery: A comparative study of SIS outcomes3
Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment in complex homelessness: Incorporating performance validity testing and ipsative benchmarks3
Multivariate examination of embedded indicators of performance validity for ADHD evaluations: A targeted approach3
From neurodevelopmental to neurodegenerative disorders: Investigating symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in patients with dementia3
Automated procedure for demographic adjustments on cognitive test scores3
Primary progressive aphasia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (PPA-ALS): A longitudinal case study3
Development, validity, and reliability of Neural Circuits Questionnaire (NCQ)3
Examining objective and subjective sleep measures and neurocognition in older adults with HIV: A cross-sectional study in the deep South3
The BRIEF-A, a gold standard on shaky ground: An item-level reassessment of its factorial structure3
Subjective appraisal of cognition among American racial groups3
3-Year test-retest reliability in Parkinson’s disease and healthy older adults: The Parkinson’s progression markers initiative study3
Developing multiple shortened forms of virtual reality-based color trails test3
When Failing One Performance Validity Test Matters3
Treatment of verb tense inflection and sentence production in Persian individuals with agrammatism3
Visuospatial memory profile of patients with Parkinson’s disease3
Cognitive processing differences between stereotype activation and semantic activation2
Normative data for the Color Trails Test in middle-aged and elderly Quebec-French people2
Cross-cultural comparison of performance on the multicultural neuropsychological scale between participants from Argentina and the United States of America2
The aging effect in the processing of Chinese interoceptive- and exteroceptive- reaction affective verbs2
80 years of the Wechsler Memory Scale: A selective review2
Cognitive impairment in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A retrospective study using the Brief International cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS)2
Impaired lexical access for unique entities in individuals with subjective cognitive decline2
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for cognitive rehabilitation in stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2
Clinically meaningful change following compensatory cognitive training in veterans with a history of mild traumatic brain injury: A brief report2
Efficacy of non-computerized cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease: A one year follow up study2
Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry: The new anatomy of the basal forebrain and its implications for neuropsychiatric illness2
A comparative analysis of executive functions in Broca’s aphasia and healthy adults2
Normative data for the Tower of London (Drexel version) in the Quebec-French population aged between 50 and 88 years2
The impact of visual and motor skills on ideational apraxia and transcortical sensory aphasia2
Language impairment and patterns of verbal and spatial working memory impairments in Arabic adults with post-stroke aphasia2
Computerized instruments for assessment of executive function: a scoping review with emphasis on game-based assessment2
Trajectory of long-term neuropsychological performances and cognitive-deterioration-free survival after hippocampus-sparing whole-brain radiotherapy in cancer patients mostly with newly diagnosed brai2
The effect of optical illusions on the vestibular system in individuals with motion sickness: An analysis of sensory reweighting2
Virtual reality in clinical evaluation of Unilateral Spatial Neglect, anatomy of current trends: A scoping review2
Selected Wechsler Memory Scale norms and aging: Implications for assessment/Erratum2
A systematic review of the effectiveness of digital cognitive assessments of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease2
Semantic knowledge of social norms in frontotemporal dementia patients with either predominant frontal or temporal lobe atrophy2
Cross-validation of the WAIS-IV Similarities incidental learning task2
Normative data for the Grooved Pegboard Test in Quebec-French middle-aged and older adults2
Validity and norms for young adults for the Aggie Figures Learning Test2
Letter to the editor: Response to “the virtue of moderation in restricted samples: An exegesis on the robustness of EncephalApp”2
Phonetic clustering characteristics in verbal fluency: A potential marker for differentiating subjective cognitive decline from mild cognitive impairment2
Fifteen years later: Enhancing the classification accuracy of the performance validity module of the Advanced Clinical Solutions2
The virtue of moderation in restricted samples: an exegesis on the robustness of EncephalApp2
Compensatory cognitive training in the schizophrenia spectrum: A pilot study in an outpatient Mexican sample2
Psychometric properties of the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and its reduced version FAB-152
Towers of Kuwait Arabic Neurocognitive Assessment: A novel executive and visuospatial functions assessment tool added to the CERAD neuropsychological battery-Arabic version (CERAD-ArNB)2
Application of machine learning techniques for dementia severity prediction from psychometric tests in the elderly population2
Right brain hemisphere lesions affecting language functioning in the acute phase of stroke recovery: A Croatian survey2
High‑Resolution T2 MRI Volumetry of Medial Temporal Lobe Subregions Predicts Cognitive Decline Across the Alzheimer’s Disease Continuum2
Occupational differences in a Dutch sample of patients with primary progressive aphasia, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, and Alzheimer’s dementia2
Normative data for the verb fluency test in the adult French-Quebec population and validation study in mild cognitive impairment2
Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 in older adults with Parkinson’s disease2
Construct validity of the CoCo-P: Associations between cognitive complaints during participation and cognitive and emotional consequences2
Case Series of neuropsychological assessment of Afghans in the United States: Healthy, malingering, and impaired profiles2
Dementia worry in ethnoracially diverse young adults2
Cognitive reserve and aging: Impacts on theory of mind and executive functions2
Cognitive functioning in adults with autism spectrum disorder2
Association of dual task gait performance with cognitive outcomes among older adults: Piloting an inexpensive, portable assessment platform2
Can executive functions of the brain predict official driving test success?2
Cognitive–motor interference: Effects of smartphone use on static balance and mobility2
The mediating role of working memory in the relationship between emotion dysregulation and social functioning in Saudi adults with ADHD2
Acceptable psychometric equivalence of the test of memory malingering across in-office and telehealth administration: A retrospective comparative study2
Feasibility and real-life effectiveness of a cognitive rehabilitation package(CIMORGH) on iranian illiterate older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot nonrandomized clinical trial2
Capturing daily-life executive impairments in adults: Does the choice of neuropsychological tests matter?2
One hundred and ten fundamentals of performance validity tests in neuropsychological forensic disability and related assessment III: Core sources2
Disentangling subjective symptom complaints and objective cognitive performance in veterans: Impact of posttraumatic stress disorder and lifetime traumatic brain injury burden2
Accelerated long-term forgetting: Design and validation of a neuropsychological tool in healthy subjects and diagnostic accuracy in a group of subjects with severe acquired brain injury2
Activities of daily living inventory (ADLI): Psychometric properties in a sample of stroke patients2
Role of music therapy in improving cognitive function post-traumatic brain injury: A systematic review2
Verbal fluency in bilingual Lebanese adults: Is the prominent language advantage due to executive processes, language processes, or both?2
Love, anger and Primary Progressive Aphasia: Psychological care for a person with dementia2
Neuropsychological assessment for epileptic disease: From theory to practice2
Lower semantic verbal fluency at baseline indicates future decline in subjective cognitive decline2
Noncredible symptom reporting in whiplash injury: The role of financial incentives and validity testing with the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI)2
Characteristics of cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome in patients with acute cerebellar stroke and its impact on outcome2
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): An update normative study for the Portuguese population2
Americans have a longer digit span but a shorter spatial span than Finns2
Symptom attribution is a stronger predictor of PVT-failure than symptom endorsement in treatment-seeking Veterans with remote mTBI history: A pilot study2
The influence of early life socio-environmental factors on executive performance in a healthy adult sample2
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy is a sensitive marker of neurophysiological deficits on executive function tasks in young adults with a history of child abuse2
Adaptation and preliminary validation of the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRIq) for the Malayalam-speaking population2
Introduction and preliminary psychometric evaluation of the assessment of functional capacity interview for older adults2
Clinicians’ experiences and perspectives on the use of video teleconference in neuropsychological care2
Enhancing working memory after traumatic brain injury using tDCS and computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation2
Fundamentals of health neuroscience2
Neurocognitive functioning of patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease2
Cognitive processing differences between stereotype activation and semantic activation2
The cognitive burden of epilepsy: Assessing executive dysfunction in adult patients2
Measuring social cognition within the university: The Social Cognition Psychometric Evaluation (SCOPE) battery in an undergraduate sample2
Effect of 3D-MOT training on the execution of manual dexterity skills in a population of older adults with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia2
The effects of transcranial direct current Stimulation on Working memory and reading skills of adults with Dyslexia: A double-blind randomized controlled trial2
Associations of cognitive impairment and functional limitation with all-cause mortality risk in older adults: A population-based study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey2
Theory of mind deficit and its relationship with executive functions in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A comparative study2
Working memory: Development, test-retest reliability, and sensitivity of the Digit Span computerized task during physical exercise2
The 8-item NHANES pocket smell test ® : Normative data1
Development and validation of a Saudi Behavioral Rating Scale for assessing executive function applied to adults versus high school students1
Self-perceived stigma in Parkinson’s Disease in an online sample: Comparison with in-person sample, role of anxiety, and relative utility of four measures of stigma perception1
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