IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking

Papers
(The median citation count of IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking is 3. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2020-05-01 to 2024-05-01.)
ArticleCitations
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Wireless Communications: Principles, Challenges, and Opportunities417
Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Trajectory Planning for Multi-UAV Assisted Mobile Edge Computing215
Contour Stella Image and Deep Learning for Signal Recognition in the Physical Layer173
Cognition in UAV-Aided 5G and Beyond Communications: A Survey150
Symbiotic Radio: Cognitive Backscattering Communications for Future Wireless Networks145
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Collaborative Edge Computing in Vehicular Networks143
Delay-Aware and Energy-Efficient Computation Offloading in Mobile-Edge Computing Using Deep Reinforcement Learning118
Collaborative Cloud-Edge-End Task Offloading in Mobile-Edge Computing Networks With Limited Communication Capability118
Collaborative Learning of Communication Routes in Edge-Enabled Multi-Access Vehicular Environment112
RFAL: Adversarial Learning for RF Transmitter Identification and Classification102
Dynamic Spectrum Interaction of UAV Flight Formation Communication With Priority: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach90
Beyond Cell-Free MIMO: Energy Efficient Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Cell-Free MIMO Communications88
QoS Prediction for Service Recommendation With Features Learning in Mobile Edge Computing Environment87
Automatic Modulation Classification Based on Deep Residual Networks With Multimodal Information83
Joint Spectral and Energy Efficiency Optimization for Downlink NOMA Networks82
An Intelligent Anomaly Detection Scheme for Micro-Services Architectures With Temporal and Spatial Data Analysis71
Deep Reinforcement Learning Control for Radar Detection and Tracking in Congested Spectral Environments68
UAV-Assisted Wireless Energy and Data Transfer With Deep Reinforcement Learning67
Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Spectrum Allocation in Integrated Access and Backhaul Networks63
Robust Secure Beamforming for Wireless Powered Cognitive Satellite-Terrestrial Networks63
Energy Efficient Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Enabled Mobile Edge Computing Networks With NOMA63
Fast-Convergent Federated Learning With Adaptive Weighting61
A Software Defined Radio Cross-Layer Resource Allocation Approach for Cognitive Radio Networks: From Theory to Practice59
Intelligent Traffic Adaptive Resource Allocation for Edge Computing-Based 5G Networks57
Channel Estimation Method and Phase Shift Design for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted MIMO Networks57
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Spectrum Sensing and Aggregation in Multi-Channel Wireless Networks55
Joint Transmit Beamforming and Phase Shift Design for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted MIMO Systems52
5G New Radio Unlicensed: Challenges and Evaluation51
Optimization of Task Scheduling and Dynamic Service Strategy for Multi-UAV-Enabled Mobile-Edge Computing System51
A Flow-Based Anomaly Detection Approach With Feature Selection Method Against DDoS Attacks in SDNs49
Generative Adversarial Network in the Air: Deep Adversarial Learning for Wireless Signal Spoofing48
DeepReceiver: A Deep Learning-Based Intelligent Receiver for Wireless Communications in the Physical Layer47
Deep Learning Based End-to-End Wireless Communication Systems Without Pilots47
Secure and Energy Efficient Transmission for IRS-Assisted Cognitive Radio Networks47
Incentive Mechanisms for Federated Learning: From Economic and Game Theoretic Perspective47
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Mobile Edge Computing With Heterogeneous Learning Tasks46
End-to-End Performance-Based Autonomous VNF Placement With Adopted Reinforcement Learning45
NAS-AMR: Neural Architecture Search-Based Automatic Modulation Recognition for Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems45
Federated Learning for Automatic Modulation Classification Under Class Imbalance and Varying Noise Condition44
Delay-Aware VNF Scheduling: A Reinforcement Learning Approach With Variable Action Set44
Handover Management for mmWave Networks With Proactive Performance Prediction Using Camera Images and Deep Reinforcement Learning43
Lightweight Deep Learning Based Intelligent Edge Surveillance Techniques42
Federated Deep Reinforcement Learning for Traffic Monitoring in SDN-Based IoT Networks42
Weighted Sum-Rate Maximization for Multi-IRS-Assisted Full-Duplex Systems With Hardware Impairments41
Secrecy Outage Analysis of UAV Assisted Relay and Antenna Selection for Cognitive Network Under Nakagami-${m}$ Channel40
Robust Beamforming Design for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Cognitive Radio Systems With Imperfect Cascaded CSI40
Channel Estimation Approach for RIS Assisted MIMO Systems40
A Reinforcement Learning Method for Joint Mode Selection and Power Adaptation in the V2V Communication Network in 5G40
Combined RF-Based Drone Detection and Classification40
Open Set Wireless Transmitter Authorization: Deep Learning Approaches and Dataset Considerations39
Downlink CSI Feedback Algorithm With Deep Transfer Learning for FDD Massive MIMO Systems39
Throughput Maximization With Energy Harvesting in UAV-Assisted Cognitive Mobile Relay Networks37
Shared Spectrum Monitoring Using Deep Learning36
Two-Layer Game Based Resource Allocation in Cloud Based Integrated Terrestrial-Satellite Networks36
A 3D Non-Stationary Channel Model for 6G Wireless Systems Employing Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces With Practical Phase Shifts36
OFDM-Guided Deep Joint Source Channel Coding for Wireless Multipath Fading Channels36
On the Performance of RIS-Assisted Dual-Hop Mixed RF-UWOC Systems36
Data-Importance Aware User Scheduling for Communication-Efficient Edge Machine Learning36
Lightweight Automatic Modulation Classification Based on Decentralized Learning35
A Novel Spectrum Sharing Scheme Using Dynamic Long Short-Term Memory With CP-OFDMA in 5G Networks34
Exploiting FD/HD Cooperative-NOMA in Underlay Cognitive Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Networks34
Hybrid Beamforming for Multi-Carrier Dual-Function Radar-Communication System34
Primary Privacy Preserving With Joint Wireless Power and Information Transfer for Cognitive Radio Networks33
Dynamic Resource Scaling for VNF Over Nonstationary Traffic: A Learning Approach33
Fine-Grained Management in 5G: DQL Based Intelligent Resource Allocation for Network Function Virtualization in C-RAN32
Balancing Energy Consumption and Reputation Gain of UAV Scheduling in Edge Computing32
Cooperative Hybrid Nonorthogonal Multiple Access-Based Mobile-Edge Computing in Cognitive Radio Networks32
Applications of Auction and Mechanism Design in Edge Computing: A Survey31
Delay-Constrained Joint Power Control, User Detection and Passive Beamforming in Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Uplink mmWave System31
NOMA-Based Multi-User Mobile Edge Computation Offloading via Cooperative Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning31
A Robust Deep Learning-Based Beamforming Design for RIS-Assisted Multiuser MISO Communications With Practical Constraints29
Rate Splitting on Mobile Edge Computing for UAV-Aided IoT Systems28
Intelligent Optimization of Availability and Communication Cost in Satellite-UAV Mobile Edge Caching System With Fault-Tolerant Codes28
Unsupervised Linear and Nonlinear Channel Equalization and Decoding Using Variational Autoencoders28
Secure Federated Learning by Power Control for Internet of Drones27
SigNet: A Novel Deep Learning Framework for Radio Signal Classification27
SSRCNN: A Semi-Supervised Learning Framework for Signal Recognition27
Performance of Adaptive Multi-User Underlay NOMA Transmission With Simple User Selection27
Licensed and Unlicensed Spectrum Management for Cognitive M2M: A Context-Aware Learning Approach27
Opportunistic Utilization of Dynamic Multi-UAV in Device-to-Device Communication Networks26
Resource Allocation and Trajectory Design in UAV-Assisted Jamming Wideband Cognitive Radio Networks26
Beam Management in Ultra-Dense mmWave Network via Federated Reinforcement Learning: An Intelligent and Secure Approach25
Visualizing Deep Learning-Based Radio Modulation Classifier25
Joint D2D Assignment, Bandwidth and Power Allocation in Cognitive UAV-Enabled Networks25
Joint Energy and Trajectory Optimization for UAV-Enabled Relaying Network With Multi-Pair Users25
UAV-Assisted Cooperative & Cognitive NOMA: Deployment, Clustering, and Resource Allocation24
Federated Learning Over Noisy Channels: Convergence Analysis and Design Examples24
Edge Device Identification Based on Federated Learning and Network Traffic Feature Engineering23
Machine Learning-Assisted Beam Alignment for mmWave Systems23
Signal Modulation Classification Based on the Transformer Network23
A Novel Automatic Modulation Classification Scheme Based on Multi-Scale Networks22
A Deep Ensemble-Based Wireless Receiver Architecture for Mitigating Adversarial Attacks in Automatic Modulation Classification22
Joint Buffer-Aided Hybrid-Duplex Relay Selection and Power Allocation for Secure Cognitive Networks With Double Deep Q-Network22
Active Learning for Network Traffic Classification: A Technical Study22
Design of Communication Systems Using Deep Learning: A Variational Inference Perspective22
An Artificial Intelligence Framework for Slice Deployment and Orchestration in 5G Networks22
Time-Varying Channel Prediction for RIS-Assisted MU-MISO Networks via Deep Learning22
Spectrum Availability Prediction for Cognitive Radio Communications: A DCG Approach22
Delay Optimization in Mobile Edge Computing: Cognitive UAV-Assisted eMBB and mMTC Services22
A Secure Spectrum Handoff Mechanism in Cognitive Radio Networks22
Measuring Sparsity of Wireless Channels21
Intelligent Joint Network Slicing and Routing via GCN-Powered Multi-Task Deep Reinforcement Learning21
Deep Learning Based Power Optimizing for NOMA Based Relay Aided D2D Transmissions21
Coordinated Beamforming for UAV-Aided Millimeter-Wave Communications Using GPML-Based Channel Estimation21
Autoencoder Neural Network Based Intelligent Hybrid Beamforming Design for mmWave Massive MIMO Systems21
Adaptive Bitrate Video Transmission Over Cognitive Radio Networks Using Cross Layer Routing Approach21
Distributed Beamforming Techniques for Cell-Free Wireless Networks Using Deep Reinforcement Learning20
A GRU-Based Prediction Framework for Intelligent Resource Management at Cloud Data Centres in the Age of 5G20
Double Auction Mechanism for Resource Allocation in Satellite MEC20
UAV-Aided Aerial Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Communications With Massive MIMO System19
Fast Q-Learning for Improved Finite Length Performance of Irregular Repetition Slotted ALOHA19
A PHY Layer Security Analysis of Uplink Cooperative Jamming-Based Underlay CRNs With Multi-Eavesdroppers19
STBC: A Novel Blockchain-Based Spectrum Trading Solution19
Bayesian Reinforcement Learning and Bayesian Deep Learning for Blockchains With Mobile Edge Computing19
Q-Learning-Based Spectrum Access for Multimedia Transmission Over Cognitive Radio Networks18
A Dual-Function Massive MIMO Uplink OFDM Communication and Radar Architecture18
Spectrum Resource Allocation Based on Cooperative NOMA With Index Modulation18
Learning-Based Hybrid Beamforming Design for Full-Duplex Millimeter Wave Systems18
Deep Reinforcement Learning Optimal Transmission Algorithm for Cognitive Internet of Things With RF Energy Harvesting18
Resource Allocation in Cognitive Radio-Enabled UAV Communication18
A Family of Deep Learning Architectures for Channel Estimation and Hybrid Beamforming in Multi-Carrier mm-Wave Massive MIMO18
Multi-Armed Bandit for Energy-Efficient and Delay-Sensitive Edge Computing in Dynamic Networks With Uncertainty17
Crowdsourced Wireless Spectrum Anomaly Detection17
Intelligent Service Migration Based on Hidden State Inference for Mobile Edge Computing17
RIS Configuration, Beamformer Design, and Power Control in Single-Cell and Multi-Cell Wireless Networks17
Average Peak Age of Information Analysis for Wireless Powered Cooperative Networks17
Data-Aware Device Scheduling for Federated Edge Learning17
Distributed Reinforcement Learning for Flexible and Efficient UAV Swarm Control17
Physical-Layer Security on Maximal Ratio Combining for SIMO Cognitive Radio Networks Over Cascaded κ-μ Fading Channels17
Toward Joint Learning of Optimal MAC Signaling and Wireless Channel Access17
Resource Allocation for NOMA-Enabled Cognitive Satellite–UAV–Terrestrial Networks With Imperfect CSI16
Exploiting Error-Correction-CRC for Polar SCL Decoding: A Deep Learning-Based Approach16
Regional Super Cluster Based Optimum Channel Selection for CR-VANET16
Channel Estimation Enhancement With Generative Adversarial Networks16
An Adaptive Network Data Collection System in SDN16
Radio Resource Management Approaches for Reliable Device-to-Device (D2D) Communication in Wireless Industrial Applications16
On Joint Offloading and Resource Allocation: A Double Deep Q-Network Approach16
Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces and Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Networks16
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Network Selection and Resource Allocation in Heterogeneous Multi-RAT Networks16
Improving Energy Efficiency and QoS of LPWANs for IoT Using Q-Learning Based Data Routing15
Transfer Learning for Tilt-Dependent Radio Map Prediction15
Sparse Array Selection Across Arbitrary Sensor Geometries With Deep Transfer Learning15
Series-Constellation Feature Based Blind Modulation Recognition for Beyond 5G MIMO-OFDM Systems With Channel Fading15
A PHY Layer Security of a Jamming-Based Underlay Cognitive Satellite-Terrestrial Network15
Distributed Resource Allocation for SWIPT-Based Cognitive Ad-Hoc Networks15
Learning-Based Handover in Mobile Millimeter-Wave Networks15
A Fair and Cooperative MAC Protocol for Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Enabled Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks15
Machine Learning in NextG Networks via Generative Adversarial Networks15
Radio Environment Map Construction Based on Spatial Statistics and Bayesian Hierarchical Model14
Toward Next-Generation Signal Intelligence: A Hybrid Knowledge and Data-Driven Deep Learning Framework for Radio Signal Classification14
Outage Analysis of Cognitive Electric Vehicular Networks Over Mixed RF/VLC Channels14
Load Balancing for Distributed Intelligent Edge Computing: A State-Based Game Approach14
SDATP: An SDN-Based Traffic-Adaptive and Service-Oriented Transmission Protocol14
Cooperative Edge Computing of Data Analytics for the Internet of Things14
WiST ID—Deep Learning-Based Large Scale Wireless Standard Technology Identification14
Airport Connectivity Optimization for 5G Ultra-Dense Networks14
Robust Beamforming Optimization for Self-Sustainable Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Wireless Networks13
A Radio Signal Recognition Approach Based on Complex-Valued CNN and Self-Attention Mechanism13
Learning From Peers: Deep Transfer Reinforcement Learning for Joint Radio and Cache Resource Allocation in 5G RAN Slicing13
A Hybrid Architecture for Federated and Centralized Learning13
Fine Timing and Frequency Synchronization for MIMO-OFDM: An Extreme Learning Approach13
Robust Beamformer Design in Active RIS-Assisted Multiuser MIMO Cognitive Radio Networks13
Artificial Intelligence Empowered QoS-Oriented Network Association for Next-Generation Mobile Networks13
A Hybrid Model-Based and Data-Driven Approach to Spectrum Sharing in mmWave Cellular Networks12
Performance Analysis of IoT-Based Overlay Satellite-Terrestrial Networks Under Interference12
Spatio-Temporal Spectrum Load Prediction Using Convolutional Neural Network and ResNet12
Riemannian Mean Shift-Based Data Fusion Scheme for Multi-Antenna Cooperative Spectrum Sensing12
Semantics-Native Communication via Contextual Reasoning12
Fully Convolutional Neural Network-Based CSI Limited Feedback for FDD Massive MIMO Systems12
Joint Channel Estimation and Decoding for Polar Coded SCMA System Over Fading Channels12
Cooperative Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Resource Management in Full Flexible VHTS Systems12
Intelligent Spectrum Assignment Based on Dynamical Cooperation for 5G-Satellite Integrated Networks12
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning-Based Distributed Dynamic Spectrum Access12
Achievable Rates of Opportunistic Cognitive Radio Systems Using Reconfigurable Antennas With Imperfect Sensing and Channel Estimation12
Multi-Task Based Deep Learning Approach for Open-Set Wireless Signal Identification in ISM Band12
Prediction and Modeling of Spectrum Occupancy for Dynamic Spectrum Access Systems11
Cooperative Topology Sensing of Wireless Networks With Distributed Sensors11
Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted mmWave Communication With Lens Antenna Array11
Human-Behavior and QoE-Aware Dynamic Channel Allocation for 5G Networks: A Latent Contextual Bandit Learning Approach11
An Improved Initialization Method for Fast Learning in Long Short-Term Memory-Based Markovian Spectrum Prediction11
GoodPut, Collision Probability and Network Stability of Energy-Harvesting Cognitive-Radio IoT Networks11
Optimization of SINR and Illumination Uniformity in Multi-LED Multi-Datastream VLC Networks11
QoE-Aware Resource Allocation for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Enhanced HetNets10
Radio Frequency Fingerprinting Exploiting Non-Linear Memory Effect10
On-Device Cognitive Spectrum Allocation for Coexisting URLLC and eMBB Users in 5G Systems10
Multi-Operator Dynamic Spectrum Sharing for Wireless Communications: A Consortium Blockchain Enabled Framework10
Cognitive Multi-User Multi-Relay Network: A Decentralized Scheduling Technique10
Efficient Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation Scheme for Opportunistic Access Fog-Cloud Computing Networks10
Multi-Dimensional Polarized Modulation for Land Mobile Satellite Communications10
Multiuser Scheduling in Centralized Cognitive Radio Networks: A Multi-Armed Bandit Approach10
New Asynchronous Channel-Hopping Sequences for Cognitive-Radio Wireless Networks10
Deep Learning-Based Joint NOMA Signal Detection and Power Allocation in Cognitive Radio Networks10
LEOPARD: Parallel Optimal Deep Echo State Network Prediction Improves Service Coverage for UAV-Assisted Outdoor Hotspots10
Performance Impact of Coexistence Groups in a GAA-GAA Coexistence Scheme in the CBRS Band10
Trustworthy and Context-Aware Distributed Online Learning With Autoscaling for Content Caching in Collaborative Mobile Edge Computing10
Social-Aware Proactive Content Caching and Sharing in Multi-Access Edge Networks10
Random Fourier Feature-Based Deep Learning for Wireless Communications9
Deep Learning-Aided Signal Detection for Two-Stage Index Modulated Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier Systems9
A Data-Driven Self-Optimization Solution for Inter-Frequency Mobility Parameters in Emerging Networks9
Quantized Soft-Decision-Based Compressive Reporting Design for Underlay/Overlay Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks9
On Residual Energy Maximization in DF Cognitive Radio Networks With Multiple Eavesdroppers9
Short-Packet Backscatter Assisted Wireless-Powered Relaying With NOMA: Mode Selection With Performance Estimation9
Energy Efficient Power Control for Cognitive Multibeam-Satellite Terrestrial Networks With Poisson Distributed Users9
A Multi-Blockchain Scheme for Distributed Spectrum Sharing in CBRS System9
EMD and VMD Empowered Deep Learning for Radio Modulation Recognition9
Neuromorphic Wireless Cognition: Event-Driven Semantic Communications for Remote Inference9
Learning-Based Proactive Resource Allocation for Delay-Sensitive Packet Transmission9
MRIRS: Mobile Ad Hoc Routing Assisted With Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces9
An Intelligent Detection Based on Deep Learning for Multilevel Code Shifted Differential Chaos Shift Keying System With M-ary Modulation9
Learning-Based MIMO Detection With Dynamic Spatial Modulation9
Multi-Layer Computation Offloading in Distributed Heterogeneous Mobile Edge Computing Networks9
Learning-Aided Physical Layer Attacks Against Multicarrier Communications in IoT8
Detection of Sleeping Cells in Self-Organizing Cellular Networks: An Adversarial Auto-Encoder Method8
Performance of CSI-Based Power Control and NOMA/OMA Switching for Uplink Underlay Networks With Imperfect SIC8
Millimeter Wave Communications on Overhead Messenger Wire: Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Predictive Beam Tracking8
Deep Neural Network: An Alternative to Traditional Channel Estimators in Massive MIMO Systems8
Residual-Aided End-to-End Learning of Communication System Without Known Channel8
Joint Optimization of Video-Based AI Inference Tasks in MEC-Assisted Augmented Reality Systems8
Performance of CDRT-Based Underlay Downlink NOMA Network With Combining at the Users8
Proactive Content Caching Based on Actor–Critic Reinforcement Learning for Mobile Edge Networks8
Outage Analysis in SWIPT Enabled Cooperative AF/DF Relay Assisted Two-Way Spectrum Sharing Communication8
Knowledge-Driven Machine Learning and Applications in Wireless Communications8
Lightweight Automatic Modulation Classification via Progressive Differentiable Architecture Search8
Deep Learning Empowered MAC Protocol Identification With Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks8
Detection of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Signals Based on Deep Learning8
Turbo Detection Aided Autoencoder for Multicarrier Wireless Systems: Integrating Deep Learning Into Channel Coded Systems8
Buffer-Aided Relaying With Direct Link Transmission and Spectrum Sharing7
A System State Aware Switched-Multichannel Protocol for Energy Harvesting CRNs7
Context-Based Semantic Communication via Dynamic Programming7
Fast-Forward Mitigation Schemes for Cognitive Adversary7
Downlink Power Allocation in Massive MIMO via Deep Learning: Adversarial Attacks and Training7
Channel Coding Scheme for Relay Edge Computing Wireless Networks via Homomorphic Encryption and NOMA7
Benefits of Improper Gaussian Signaling in Interweave Cognitive Radio With Full and Partial CSI7
Artificial Noise Aided Secure Communications for Cooperative NOMA Networks7
An Emergent Self-Awareness Module for Physical Layer Security in Cognitive UAV Radios7
Energy-Efficient Joint Resource Allocation With Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces in Symbiotic Radio Networks7
Cooperative Task Offloading and Content Delivery for Heterogeneous Demands: A Matching Game-Theoretic Approach7
Throughput Optimization for Noma Energy Harvesting Cognitive Radio With Multi-UAV-Assisted Relaying Under Security Constraints7
Experimental Results on the Impact of Memory in Neural Networks for Spectrum Prediction in Land Mobile Radio Bands7
Modeling and Detection of Flooding-Based Denial of Service Attacks in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Using Uncertain Reasoning7
Communication-Efficient and Federated Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning7
Secrecy Outage Analysis of CR-SWIPT Networks With Artificial Noise and Spatially Random Secondary Terminals7
Outage Probability Minimization in Secure NOMA Cognitive Radio Systems With UAV Relay: A Machine Learning Approach7
A Distributed Channel Access Scheme for Vehicles in Multi-Agent V2I Systems7
QoE-DEER: A QoE-Aware Decentralized Resource Allocation Scheme for Edge Computing7
Hybrid Radio Resource Management for Time-Varying 5G Heterogeneous Wireless Access Network7
Detection Strategy Against Restricted SSDF Attack With Potential Interaction Assistance7
Spectrum Sharing and Power Allocation Optimised Multihop Multipath D2D Video Delivery in Beyond 5G Networks7
Enabling Cooperative Relay Selection by Transfer Learning for the Industrial Internet of Things6
Blockchain-Empowered Federated Learning for Healthcare Metaverses: User-Centric Incentive Mechanism With Optimal Data Freshness6
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