OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Neurology-Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation is 17. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-01-01 to 2026-01-01.)

Article	Citations
Clinical Presentation, Management, and Diagnostic Performance of 2021 Criteria for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes in Childhood	157
Natalizumab Treatment Induces Proinflammatory CD4 T Cells Preferentially in the Integrin β7+ Compartment	138
Relapsing and Immune-Responsive Paroxysmal Jaw Clonus With Blepharospasm and Sialorrhea Associated With D2R Autoantibodies	114
Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod	94
Comment: Humoral and T-cell Immunities to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Safety, Efficacy, and Challenges in Autoimmune Neurology	87
Immunohistologic Features of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Due to Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia	78
A 28-Year-Old Woman With Left-Sided Weakness and Atypical MRI Lesions	76
Pro-Inflammatory Molecules Implicated in Multiple Sclerosis Divert the Development of Human Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells	74
Antibody-Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis	72
MOG IgG3-Subclass Antibodies in MOG-Associated Disease	72
Elevated ITGAX/CD11c in CSF-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis	68
CSF Concentrations of CXCL13 and sCD27 Before and After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis	62
Early-Stage Contactin-Associated Protein-like 2 Limbic Encephalitis	61
Early Immunotherapy and Longer Corticosteroid Treatment Are Associated With Lower Risk of Relapsing Disease Course in Pediatric MOGAD	59
Cortical and Subcortical Dysmetabolism Are Dynamic Markers of Clinical Disability and Course in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis	59
Should We Measure CSF Complement Levels in Patients With MOGAD?	57
Baicalin Promotes CNS Remyelination via PPARγ Signal Pathway	57
Timing of MOG-IgG Testing Is Key to 2023 MOGAD Diagnostic Criteria	56
Patients With Severe Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Functionally Altered CD8 ⁺ Regulatory T Cells	56
TNF-Blockade for Primary Stroke Prevention in Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency	55
Synaptic Protein Loss in Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Brain and Retinal Atrophy in People With Multiple Sclerosis	54
Cell-Free DNA Derived From Neutrophils Triggers Type 1 Interferon Signature in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder	52
Peripheral HLA-DR ^hi CD141 ⁺ Classical Monocytes Predict Relapse Risk and Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis	52
CXCL10/IgG1 Axis in Multiple Sclerosis as a Potential Predictive Biomarker of Disease Activity	52
Acute Paresthesia and Ataxia in a Child	51

Plasma N -Glycan Profiling Enhances Diagnostic Precision in Multiple Sclerosis, AQP4-Ab NMOSD, and MOGAD	51
Toward Precision Phenotyping of Multiple Sclerosis	50
Intrathecal Inflammatory Profile and Gray Matter Damage Predict Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Early Multiple Sclerosis	49
Plasma Biomarkers of Neuropathogenesis in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 and Those With Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	49
Peripheral Immune Profiles Predict ALS Progression in an Age- and Sex-Dependent Manner	48
Relapsing-Remitting Immunotherapy Responsive Small-Fiber Neuropathy	48
Treatment With Erythropoietin for Patients With Optic Neuritis	47
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Scoping Review	47
Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography in Neuromyelitis Optica	47
Proteomics Analysis Moves the Needle by Generating Clinical Diagnostic Markers	47
Novel Cell-Based Assay for Alpha-3 Nicotinic Receptor Antibodies Detects Antibodies Exclusively in Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy	47
Immunotherapy-Responsive Neuropathic Pain and Allodynia in a Patient With Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies	46
Antineonatal Fc Receptor Antibody Treatment Ameliorates MOG-IgG–Associated Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	46
Trigeminal Nerve Involvement in Bulbar-Onset Anti-IgLON5 Disease	46
Clinical Features of Children With MOG-IgG Who Fulfill Criteria of Multiple Sclerosis and Overlapping Disorders	45
Applying the Supporting Features for MOGAD Diagnosis to Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	42
The Role of Complement Activation in IgM M-Protein–Associated Neuropathies	41
Genetic Risk Variants for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Loci Linked to Intrathecal Immunoglobulin G Synthesis	40
Effect of Prior Treatment With Fingolimod on Early and Late Response to Rituximab/Ocrelizumab in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	39
Epstein-Barr Virus in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Compartments of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Controls	38
Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Responses in Pediatric Neurofascin 155-IgG4 Autoimmune Nodopathy	38
Increased Intracranial Pressure in Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease	36
Successful Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate	36
Sustained Low Relapse Rate With Highly Variable B-Cell Repopulation Dynamics With Extended Rituximab Dosing Intervals in Multiple Sclerosis	36
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	36
Comparative Study of Paraneoplastic and Nonparaneoplastic Autoimmune Encephalitis With GABA _B R Antibodies	36
Serum Levels of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Plasma Agonist Activity Are Reduced in Patients With NMOSD and Correlate With Disease Activity	36
“Will the Real Demyelinating Disorder Please Stand Up?”	35
Acknowledgment to Reviewers	35
Absence of Systemic Oxidative Stress and Increased CSF Prostaglandin F2α in Progressive MS	35
Clinicopathologic Profiles of Sporadic Late-Onset Nemaline Myopathy	34
Spironolactone Targets Retinoid X Receptor γ to Promote Myelin Sheath Regeneration	34
Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration With P/Q-VGCC vs Yo Autoantibodies	33
A 42-Year-Old Woman With Rapidly Expanding White Matter Lesions	33
Cognitive Impairment, Associated Clinical Factors, and MR Volumetric Measures in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-IgG–Associated Disease	33
Interim Analysis of Pregnancy Outcomes After Exposure to Dimethyl Fumarate in a Prospective International Registry	32
Chronic Dengue Virus Encephalitis	32
Deep Phenotyping of Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	32
miRNA Signature in CSF From Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	32
Peptides From the Variable Domain of Immunoglobulin G as Biomarkers in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy	32
Effect of Previous Disease-Modifying Therapy on Treatment Effectiveness for Patients Treated With Ocrelizumab	31
Neurologic Manifestations of Common Variable Immunodeficiency	31
Elsberg Syndrome Secondary to Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient	31
Lymphocyte Dynamics and the Emergence of Secondary Autoimmunity Following Immune Reconstitution Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis	30
Cryptococcal Meningitis Reported With Fingolimod Treatment	30
Recovery From COVID-19 in Multiple Sclerosis	30
Rituximab Use for Relapse Prevention in Anti-NMDAR Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis	29
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	29
B Cells in the CNS at Postmortem Are Associated With Worse Outcome and Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis	28
Clinical and Immunologic Effects of Paraprobiotics in Long-COVID Patients	28

Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies	28
Modeling MOG Antibody–Associated Disorder and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Animal Models	27
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Satralizumab in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder From the SAkuraMoon Open-Label Extension Study	27
Pregnancy and Infant Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis	27
Immune Effector Cell–Associated Neurotoxicity Delayed Relapse After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy	27
MRI Features and Their Association With Outcomes in Children With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	27
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	27
Natalizumab Promotes Activation of Peripheral Monocytes in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	26
Clinical Characterization and Ancillary Tests in Susac Syndrome	26
Distinguishing Transient From Persistent Brain Structural Changes in Pediatric Patients With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis	26
Chronic Active Lesions and Larger Choroid Plexus Explain Cognition and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis	25
mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Does Not Exacerbate Symptoms or Trigger Neural Antibody Responses in Multiple Sclerosis	25
CCR5 Blockade in Inflammatory PML and PML-IRIS Associated With Chronic Inflammatory Diseases' Treatments	25
Distinct Epitopes Are Associated With Clinical Phenotypes in Autoimmune Nodopathies With Anti-Contactin1 Autoantibodies	25
Ten Years of Neurology ® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation	25
Rate of Retinal Layer Thinning as a Biomarker for Conversion to Progressive Disease in Multiple Sclerosis	24
Alterations in Gut Microbiome-Host Relationships After Immune Perturbation in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	24
Proinflammatory Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	24
Unknown Immunoregulatory Effects of FcRn Inhibition by Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	24
Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Natalizumab Extended Interval Dosing Therapy in Japan	24
Iatrogenic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy–Related Inflammation	23
Progressive Encephalomyelopathy in an Older Man	23
Disease-Modifying Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Survival	23
Anti-Hu Antibodies in Patients With Neurologic Side Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors	23
Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition Limits Multiple Sclerosis Disease–Driving Inflammation While Promoting Regulatory B Cells	23
Assessing Commercial Tissue-Based Assays for Autoimmune Neurologic Disorders (I)	23
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis	23
Siponimod Inhibits the Formation of Meningeal Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	22
Treg Susceptibility to Cladribine-Induced Depletion Correlates With Therapy Response in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	22
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	22
Area Postrema Syndrome in Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	22
Retinal Damage and Visual Network Reconfiguration Defines Visual Function Recovery in Optic Neuritis	22
Disease-Modifying Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis Affect Measures of Cellular Immune Responses to EBNA-1 Peptides	22
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	22
PET Study of Microglial Activation in Kleine-Levin Syndrome	22
HLA-DRB115:01 and the MERTK* Gene Interact to Selectively Influence the Profile of MERTK-Expressing Monocytes in Both Health and MS	22
Immune Profiling Reveals the T-Cell Effect of Ocrelizumab in Early Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	22
Association of NEDA-4 With No Long-term Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis and Comparison With NEDA-3	21
Ravulizumab and Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	21
CNS Antigen-Specific Neuroinflammation Attenuates Ischemic Stroke With Involvement of Polarized Myeloid Cells	21
Paraneoplastic Brachial Amyotrophic Diplegia With Favorable Outcome and Anti-Ank3 Antibodies	21
Visually Evoked Potential as Prognostic Biomarker for Neuroaxonal Damage in Multiple Sclerosis From a Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort	21
Extensive Corticospinal Tract Involvement in a Patient With Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	21
Presentation and Outcome in S1P-RM and Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy	21
Extracellular Vesicle Marker Changes Associated With Disease Activity in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	20
Progressive Myelitis in a 63-Year-Old Woman	20
Cerebellar Ataxia With Anti-DNER Antibodies	20
Mitoxantrone in NMO Spectrum Disorder in a Large Multicenter Cohort in French Caribbean	20
Different Complement Activation Patterns Following C5 Cleavage in MOGAD and AQP4-IgG+NMOSD	20
Multiple Sclerosis Disease Activity and Disability Following Cessation of Fingolimod for Pregnancy	20
Imaging Characteristics of Choroid Plexuses in Presymptomatic Multiple Sclerosis	20
SARS-CoV-2–Specific Immune Responses in Patients With Postviral Syndrome After Suspected COVID-19	20
Multiple Sclerosis in the Emergency Department	20
CAR-T Cell–Mediated B-Cell Depletion in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity	20
Dynamics of Retinal Vessel Loss After Acute Optic Neuritis in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis	19
Microstructural Damage and Repair in the Spinal Cord of Patients With Early Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Disability at 5 Years	19
Retinal Changes in Double-Antibody Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders	19
Siponimod Inhibits the Formation of Meningeal Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	19
Mutational Profile in 75 Patients With Anti–Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Neuropathy	19
A 79-Year-Old Woman With Worsening Headaches and Pachymeningeal Enhancement	19
Genomic and Serologic Characterization of Enterovirus A71 Brainstem Encephalitis	19
Antibody Investigations in 2,750 Children With Suspected Autoimmune Encephalitis	18
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Associated With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies	18
Immune Checkpoint Inhibition–Related Myasthenia-Myositis-Myocarditis Responsive to Complement Blockade	18
Single-Cell Multi-Omics Map of Cell Type–Specific Mechanistic Drivers of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions	18
Comparison of Structural Changes in Nodding Syndrome and Other Epilepsies Associated With Onchocerca volvulus	18
Spinal Cord Leptomeningeal Enhancement as a Marker of Extensive Spinal Cord Involvement in Children With MOGAD	18
Increased NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis With Fingolimod Treatment Failure	18
Inflammatory Activity After Diverse Fertility Treatments	18
Multiple Sclerosis Patient Macrophages Impaired Metabolism Leads to an Altered Response to Activation Stimuli	17
Identification of Distinct Biological Groups of Patients With Cryptogenic NORSE via Inflammatory Profiling	17
Seizure Semiology in Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis	17
Neurofilament Light Chain as a Discriminator of Disease Activity Status in MOG Antibody-Associated Disease	17
Human Leukocyte Antigen Association Study Reveals DRB104:02 Effects Additional to DRB107:01 in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis	17
Dimethyl Fumarate Reduces Inflammation in Chronic Active Multiple Sclerosis Lesions	17
Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Multiple Sclerosis Correlate With Lesions Containing Foamy Macrophages and With Acute Axonal Damage	17
Serological Markers of Clinical Improvement in MuSK Myasthenia Gravis	17
COVID-19 Severity in Multiple Sclerosis	17
Microglia as Central Protagonists in the Chronic Stress Response	17
B-Cell Reconstitution After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Sclerosis	17

COVID-19 Vaccination Reactogenicity in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis	17
Movement Disorders in Antibody-Associated Neurologic Diseases	17