Cognitive Research-Principles and Implications

Article	Citations
Object recognition ability predicts category learning with medical images	126
When less is not more: the effect of transparent masks on facial attractiveness judgment	64
Combatting rumors around the French election: the memorability and effectiveness of fact-checking articles	40
The hidden arrow in the FedEx logo: Do we really unconsciously “see” it?	34
The psychological reality of the learned “p < .05” boundary	33
Individual differences in emerging adults’ spatial abilities: What role do affective factors play?	33
The effects of testing the relationships among relational concepts	27
Numerate people are less likely to be biased by regular science reporting: the critical roles of scientific reasoning and causal misunderstanding	26
Correction: The role of leadership level in college students’ facial emotion recognition: evidence from event-related potential analysis	26
Making decisions about health information on social media: a mouse-tracking study	24
Influence of protective clothing and masks on facial trustworthiness in an investment game: insights from a Chinese population study	23
Cognitive perspectives on maintaining physicians’ medical expertise: I. Reimagining Maintenance of Certification to promote lifelong learning	22
Cross-cultural differences in visuo-spatial processing and the culture-fairness of visuo-spatial intelligence tests: an integrative review and a model for matrices tasks	21
The impact of AI errors in a human-in-the-loop process	21
Anger, race, and the neurocognition of threat: attention, inhibition, and error processing during a weapon identification task	20
Evaluating convergence between two data visualization literacy assessments	20
Audience immersion: validating attentional and physiological measures against self-report	20
That person is now with or without a mask: how encoding context modulates identity recognition	20
Perceptions of artificial intelligence system's aptitude to judge morality and competence amidst the rise of Chatbots	20
Assessing the relationship between delay discounting and decisions to engage in various protective behaviors during COVID-19	19
The perception of intonational and emotional speech prosody produced with and without a face mask: an exploratory individual differences study	18
Take a load off: examining partial and complete cognitive offloading of medication information	17
Typing expertise in a large student population	16
A direct comparison of sound and vibration as sources of stimulation for a sensory substitution glove	16
Cognitive perspectives on maintaining physicians’ medical expertise: III. Strengths and weaknesses of self-assessment	15

Correction format has a limited role when debunking misinformation	15
The role of focus back effort in the relationships among motivation, interest, and mind wandering: an individual difference perspective	14
Beyond minutiae: inferring missing details from global structure in fingerprints	14
How sign language expertise can influence the effects of face masks on non-linguistic characteristics	13
Transparency improves the accuracy of automation use, but automation confidence information does not	13
Face masks and fake masks: the effect of real and superimposed masks on face matching with super-recognisers, typical observers, and algorithms	13
Time and video speed perception: a comprehensive investigation of the relation between estimated video speed, clip duration and original duration	13
Different facets of age perception in people with developmental prosopagnosia and “super-recognisers”	12
Testing landmark-specific effects on route navigation in an ecologically valid setting: a simulated driving study	12
Correction: Transparent masks reduce the negative impact of opaque masks on understanding emotional states but not on sharing them	11
How one block of trials influences the next: persistent effects of disease prevalence and feedback on decisions about images of skin lesions in a large online study	11
Perception of direct gaze in a video-conference setting: the effects of position and size	11
The impact of wearing a heart rate monitoring wristband on museum visitors’ memory and emotions: a randomized controlled trial	11
Transparent masks reduce the negative impact of opaque masks on understanding emotional states but not on sharing them	11
Fluid intelligence but not need for cognition is associated with attitude change in response to the correction of misinformation	10
Improving auditory alarm sensitivity during simulated aeronautical decision-making: the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with computerized working memory training	9
Online Contingent Attention Training (OCAT): transfer effects to cognitive biases, rumination, and anxiety symptoms from two proof-of-principle studies	9
Warning signals only support the first action in a sequence	9
How do face masks impact communication amongst deaf/HoH people?	9
Examining post-error performance in a complex multitasking environment	9
Individual differences in navigation skill: towards reliable and valid measures	9
Machine translation: Turkish–English bilingual speakers’ accuracy detection of evidentiality and preference of MT	9
Narrative visualizations: Depicting accumulating risks and increasing trust in data	8
Spotting missing or wanted people: racial biases in prospective person memory	8
Impact of mask use on face recognition: an eye-tracking study	8
Standard experimental paradigm designs and data exclusion practices in cognitive psychology can inadvertently introduce systematic “shadow” biases in participant samples	8
Effects of task structure and confirmation bias in alternative hypotheses evaluation	8
Grammatical structures of emoji in Japanese-language text conversations	8
Binocular vs. monocular 3D cues in multiple object tracking: expertise differences between soccer players and non-athletes	8
Developing a novel measure of non-rigid, ductile spatial skill	8
Recalling fake news during real news corrections can impair or enhance memory updating: the role of recollection-based retrieval	8
Using objective measures to examine the effect of suspect-filler similarity on eyewitness identification performance - Final Registered Report	8
Two face masks are better than one: congruency effects in face matching	8
Curiosity and the desire for agency: wait, wait … don’t tell me!	7
The impact of face coverings on audio-visual contributions to communication with conversational speech	7
Coping with high advertising exposure: a source-monitoring perspective	7
Preregistered test of whether a virtual nose reduces cybersickness	7
Can humanoid robots be used as a cognitive offloading tool?	7
Bicyclist-evoked arousal and greater attention to bicyclists independently promote safer driving	7
How does face mask in COVID-19 pandemic disrupt face learning and recognition in adults with autism spectrum disorder?	6
Anecdotes impact medical decisions even when presented with statistical information or decision aids	6
Restricting the distribution of visual attention reduces cybersickness	6
How do students reason about statistical sampling with computer simulations? An integrative review from a grounded cognition perspective	6
Wakeful resting and listening to music contrast their effects on verbal long-term memory in dependence on word concreteness	6
Misinformation reminders enhance belief updating and memory for corrections: the role of attention during encoding revealed by eye tracking	6
The interactive functional biases of manual, language and attention systems	6
To see or not to see: the parallel processing of self-relevance and facial expressions	6
Cue relevance drives early quitting in visual search	6
Hip fracture or not? The reversed prevalence effect among non-experts’ diagnosis	6
Non-monotonic developmental trend of holistic processing in visual expertise: the case of Chinese character recognition	6

Older adults’ recognition of medical terminology in hospital noise	6
Icon arrays reduce concern over COVID-19 vaccine side effects: a randomized control study	6
A three-factor benefits framework for understanding consumer preference for scented household products: psychological interactions and implications for future development	5
Using a picture (or a thousand words) for supporting spatial knowledge of a complex virtual environment	5
Inoculating against the spread of Islamophobic and radical-Islamist disinformation	5
Serial dependence in the perceptual judgments of radiologists	5
Effects of prevalence and feedback in the identification of blast cells in peripheral blood: expert and novice observers	5
Interaction of prior category knowledge and novel statistical patterns during visual search for real-world objects	5
Are estimates of faces’ ages less accurate when they wear sunglasses or face masks and do these disguises make it harder to later recognise the faces when undisguised?	5
Seeing the truck, but missing the cyclist: effects of blur on duration thresholds for road hazard detection	5
Errors in visual search: Are they stochastic or deterministic?	5
Investigating the different domains of environmental knowledge acquired from virtual navigation and their relationship to cognitive factors and wayfinding inclinations	5
Face masks versus sunglasses: limited effects of time and individual differences in the ability to judge facial identity and social traits	5
Aligning visual imagery to the operator improves geospatial situation awareness in a single-display 360-degree periscope concept	5
The effect of task load, information reliability and interdependency on anticipation performance	5
Distinctive Sans Forgetica font does not benefit memory accuracy in the DRM paradigm	5
Proneness to false memory generation predicts pseudoscientific belief endorsement	5
Memory for diverse faces in a racially attentive context	5
Statistical feature training improves fingerprint-matching accuracy in novices and professional fingerprint examiners	5
Influences of early diagnostic suggestions on clinical reasoning	5
When there is noise on Sherlock Holmes: mind wandering increases with perceptual processing difficulty during reading and listening	5
Ecological validity of don’t remember and don’t know for distinguishing accessibility- versus availability-based retrieval failures in older and younger adults: knowledge for news events	4
Face masks disrupt holistic processing and face perception in school-age children	4
How history trails and set size influence detection of hostile intentions	4
Investigating the influence of visuospatial stimuli on driver’s speed perception: a laboratory study	4
Context modulates evidence accumulation in split-second handball penalty decisions	4
Correction: Collective intelligence in fingerprint analysis	4
Different routes to liking: how readers arrive at narrative evaluations	4
Optimizing song retention through the spacing effect	4
Beyond boundaries: a location-based toolkit for quantifying group dynamics in diverse contexts	4
Masked emotions: Do face mask patterns and colors affect the recognition of emotions?	4
The message matters: changes to binary Computer Aided Detection recommendations affect cancer detection in low prevalence search	4
Dissociable effects of fatigue on performance and metacognition from automatic target cuing in undersea threat detection	4
Illusion of knowledge in statistics among clinicians: evaluating the alignment between objective accuracy and subjective confidence, an online survey	4
Racial biases, facial trustworthiness, and resting heart rate variability: unravelling complexities in pain recognition	4
Correction to: Improved X-ray baggage screening sensitivity with ‘targetless’ search training	4
Surgical face masks do not impair the decoding of facial expressions of negative affect more severely in older than in younger adults	4
A bonus task boosts people's willingness to offload cognition to an algorithm	4
How is GPS used? Understanding navigation system use and its relation to spatial ability	4
Tactile information affects alternating visual percepts during binocular rivalry using naturalistic objects	4
Unveiling why race does not affect the mask effect on attractiveness: but gender and expression do	4
Comparable prediction of breast cancer risk from a glimpse or a first impression of a mammogram	4
Why axis inversion? Optimizing interactions between users, interfaces, and visual displays in 3D environments	3
Expensive seems better: The price of a non-effective drug modulates its perceived efficacy	3
On intersectionality: visualizing the invisibility of Black women	3
Face masks affect emotion categorisation, age estimation, recognition, and gender classification from faces	3
Application of artificial intelligence to eyewitness identification	3
Masked face identification is improved by diagnostic feature training	3
Does race impact speech perception? An account of accented speech in two different multilingual locales	3
Impact of gist intervention on automated system interpretability and user decision making	3
Reduced relational and item-specific processing in cognitive offloading	3
Learning about causal relations that change over time: primacy and recency over long timeframes in causal judgments and memory	3
Domain-general cognitive motivation: Evidence from economic decision-making – Final Registered Report	3
Processing of veracity cues: how processing difficulty affects the memory of event description and judgment of confidence	3
How do drivers mitigate the effects of naturalistic visual complexity?	3
The effect of fingerprint expertise on visual short-term memory	3
Does text generation improve learning from expository text? A conceptual replication attempt	3
A value accumulation account of unhealthy food choices: testing the influence of outcome salience under varying time constraints	3
Judging the credibility of websites: an effectiveness trial of the spacing effect in the elementary classroom	3
How essentialist reasoning about language acquisition relates to educational myths and policy endorsements	3
Correcting fake news headlines after repeated exposure: memory and belief accuracy in younger and older adults	3
Boosting wisdom of the crowd for medical image annotation using training performance and task features	3
Culturally relevant stressors as moderators of intergenerational transmission of mother-adolescent executive function in Mexican immigrant families	3
Incomplete faces are completed using a more average face	3
The invisible 800-pound gorilla: expertise can increase inattentional blindness	3
Change blindness in simulated driving in individuals with homonymous visual field loss	3
Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork	3
More than skin deep: about the influence of self-relevant avatars on inhibitory control	3
Performance-linked visual feedback slows response times during a sustained attention task	3
Knowledge guides attention to goal-relevant information in older adults	3
Presentation time shapes perceived room size in visual and auditory modalities	3
Verifying unfamiliar identities: Effects of processing name and face information in the same identity-matching task	2
Sound localization in noisy contexts: performance, metacognitive evaluations and head movements	2
Speaking with a KN95 face mask: a within-subjects study on speaker adaptation and strategies to improve intelligibility	2
Face coverings: Considering the implications for face perception and speech communication	2
On the proposed role of metacognition in environment learning: recommendations for research	2
The effect of implicit racial bias on recognition of other-race faces	2
Face masks have emotion-dependent dissociable effects on accuracy and confidence in identifying facial expressions of emotion	2
Detecting a familiar person behind the surgical mask: recognition without identification among masked versus sunglasses-covered faces	2
Correction: Distress reactions and susceptibility to misinformation for an analogue trauma event	2

Framing the fallibility of Computer-Aided Detection aids cancer detection	2
Wayfinding in pairs: comparing the planning and navigation performance of dyads and individuals in a real-world environment	2
The role of working memory capacity in soccer tactical decision making at different levels of expertise	2
Toward viewing behavior for aerial scene categorization	2
Individual differences in social intelligence and perception of emotion expression of masked and unmasked faces	2
The association between metamemory, subjective memory complaints, mood, and well-being: the Hungarian validation of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire	2
Establishing gaze markers of perceptual load during multi-target visual search	2
Inattentional blindness in medicine	2
Prior experience with target encounter affects attention allocation and prospective memory performance	2
Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome	2
From “satisfaction of search” to “subsequent search misses”: a review of multiple-target search errors across radiology and cognitive science	2
Adapting to the algorithm: how accuracy comparisons promote the use of a decision aid	2
The roles of cognitive dissonance and normative reasoning in attributions of minds to robots	2
Where scrollbars are clicked, and why	2
Decision-making efficiency with aided information: the impact of automation reliability and task difficulty	2
Crisis-related stimuli do not increase the emotional attentional blink in a general university student population	2
Causal theory error in college students’ understanding of science studies	2
Correction: Syntactic chunking reveals a core syntactic representation of multi-digit numbers, which is generative and automatic	2
How do humans learn about the reliability of automation?	2
Multitasking: does task-switching add to the effect of dual-tasking on everyday-like driving behavior?	2
Scaling up = scaling down? Children’s spatial scaling in different perceptual modalities and scaling directions	2
Corneal reflections and skin contrast yield better memory of human and virtual faces	2
Graded prioritisation of targets in search: reward diminishes the low prevalence effect	2
Context modulates the impact of auditory information on visual anticipation	2
How well do practicing radiologists interpret the results of CAD technology? A quantitative characterization	2
Cognitive perspectives on maintaining physicians’ medical expertise: IV. Best practices and open questions in using testing to enhance learning and retention	2